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Josiah in New York
Josiah in New York

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of Josiah in New York is here in full — 131 sentences across 27 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/26 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A FRIEND IN NEED.
“I oughter gone home,” Josiah said to himself as he trudged slowly along, his burden growing heavier each moment.
“Now it begins to look as if I stood a good chance of being lost, and what’ll become of me if I don’t find Tom and Bob before dark?”
He made no attempt to answer his own question, but resolved to follow implicitly the directions given by the policeman, taking advantage of every opportunity to note the time, in order that he might not walk a single minute less than the full number set by the officer.
The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Josiah in New York

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of Josiah in New York is here in full — 131 sentences across 27 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/26 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A FRIEND IN NEED.
/ə frend ɪn niːd/
Line 2
“I oughter gone home,” Josiah said to himself as he trudged slowly along, his burden growing heavier each moment.
Line 3
“Now it begins to look as if I stood a good chance of being lost, and what’ll become of me if I don’t find Tom and Bob before dark?”
Line 4
He made no attempt to answer his own question, but resolved to follow implicitly the directions given by the policeman, taking advantage of every opportunity to note the time, in order that he might not walk a single minute less than the full number set by the officer.
/hiː meɪd noʊ əˈtempt tuː ˈænsər hɪz oʊn ˈkwestʃən bʌt riˈzɑːlvd tuː ˈfɑːloʊ ˌɪmˈplɪsətli ðə dərˈekʃənz ˈɡɪvən baɪ ðə pəˈliːsmən ˈteɪkɪŋ ædˈvæntɪdʒ ʌv ˈevəri ˌɑːpərˈtuːnəti tuː noʊt ðə taɪm ɪn ˈɔːrdər ðæt hiː maɪt nɑːt wɔːk ə ˈsɪŋɡəl ˈmɪnət les ðæn ðə fʊl ˈnʌmbər set baɪ ðə ˈɔːfəsər/
Line 5
The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

cabs noun US /kæbz/

plural of “cab” — a compartment at the front of a motor vehicle or locomotive where driver sits

From this reading “The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.”

half-hour noun US /ˈhæfaʊər/

a half of an hour

From this reading “The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.”

heavier adjective US /ˈheviər/

comparative of “heavy” — of comparatively great physical weight or density

From this reading ““I oughter gone home,” Josiah said to himself as he trudged slowly along, his burden growing heavier each moment.”

implicitly adverb US /ˌɪmˈplɪsətli/

without doubting or questioning

From this reading “He made no attempt to answer his own question, but resolved to follow implicitly the directions given by the policeman, taking advantage of every opportunity to note the time, in order that he might not walk a single minute less than the full number set by the officer.”

lengthen verb US /ˈleŋθən/

make longer

From this reading “The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.”

traveler's noun US /ˈtrævələrz/

possessive form of “traveler” — a person who changes location

trudged verb US /trʌdʒd/

past form of “trudge” — walk heavily and firmly, as when weary, or through mud

From this reading ““I oughter gone home,” Josiah said to himself as he trudged slowly along, his burden growing heavier each moment.”

vehicles noun US /ˈviːhɪkəlz/

plural of “vehicle” — a conveyance that transports people or objects

From this reading “The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

taking advantage noun + noun

In this reading “He made no attempt to answer his own question, but resolved to follow implicitly the directions given by the policeman, taking advantage of every opportunity to note the time, in order that he might not walk a single minute less than the full number set by the officer.”

dark shadows noun + noun counted as “dark shadow”

In this reading “The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.”

arrived at verb + particle counted as “arrive at”

reach a destination, either real or abstract

In this reading “The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.”

single minute adjective + noun

In this reading “He made no attempt to answer his own question, but resolved to follow implicitly the directions given by the policeman, taking advantage of every opportunity to note the time, in order that he might not walk a single minute less than the full number set by the officer.”

in order preposition + noun

in a state of proper readiness or preparation or arrangement

In this reading “He made no attempt to answer his own question, but resolved to follow implicitly the directions given by the policeman, taking advantage of every opportunity to note the time, in order that he might not walk a single minute less than the full number set by the officer.”

gone home adjective + noun

In this reading ““I oughter gone home,” Josiah said to himself as he trudged slowly along, his burden growing heavier each moment.”

good chance adjective + noun

In this reading ““Now it begins to look as if I stood a good chance of being lost, and what’ll become of me if I don’t find Tom and Bob before dark?””

All words in this reading · 120

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A FRIEND IN NEED.

advantagenounUS /ædˈvæntɪdʒ/

the quality of having a superior or more favorable position

From this reading He made no attempt to answer his own question, but resolved to follow implicitly the directions given by the policeman, taking advantage of every opportunity to note the time, in order that he might not walk a single minute less than the full number set by the officer.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading “I oughter gone home,” Josiah said to himself as he trudged slowly along, his burden growing heavier each moment.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading “Now it begins to look as if I stood a good chance of being lost, and what’ll become of me if I don’t find Tom and Bob before dark?”

answerverbUS /ˈænsər/

react verbally

From this reading He made no attempt to answer his own question, but resolved to follow implicitly the directions given by the policeman, taking advantage of every opportunity to note the time, in order that he might not walk a single minute less than the full number set by the officer.

arrivedverbUS /ərˈaɪvd/

past form of “arrive” — reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress

From this reading The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading “I oughter gone home,” Josiah said to himself as he trudged slowly along, his burden growing heavier each moment.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.

attemptnounUS /əˈtempt/

earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something

From this reading He made no attempt to answer his own question, but resolved to follow implicitly the directions given by the policeman, taking advantage of every opportunity to note the time, in order that he might not walk a single minute less than the full number set by the officer.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.

becomeverbUS /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading “Now it begins to look as if I stood a good chance of being lost, and what’ll become of me if I don’t find Tom and Bob before dark?”

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading “Now it begins to look as if I stood a good chance of being lost, and what’ll become of me if I don’t find Tom and Bob before dark?”

beginningnounUS /bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ/

the event consisting of the start of something

From this reading The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.

beginsnounUS /bɪˈɡɪnz/

plural of “begin” — Israeli statesman (born in Russia) who (as prime minister of Israel) negotiated a peace treaty with Anwar Sadat (then the president of Egypt) (1913-1992)

From this reading “Now it begins to look as if I stood a good chance of being lost, and what’ll become of me if I don’t find Tom and Bob before dark?”

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading “Now it begins to look as if I stood a good chance of being lost, and what’ll become of me if I don’t find Tom and Bob before dark?”

BobverbUS /bɑːb/

move up and down repeatedly

From this reading “Now it begins to look as if I stood a good chance of being lost, and what’ll become of me if I don’t find Tom and Bob before dark?”

broughtverbUS /brɔːt/

inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.

burdennounUS /ˈbɜːrdən/

an onerous or difficult concern

From this reading “I oughter gone home,” Josiah said to himself as he trudged slowly along, his burden growing heavier each moment.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading He made no attempt to answer his own question, but resolved to follow implicitly the directions given by the policeman, taking advantage of every opportunity to note the time, in order that he might not walk a single minute less than the full number set by the officer.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading He made no attempt to answer his own question, but resolved to follow implicitly the directions given by the policeman, taking advantage of every opportunity to note the time, in order that he might not walk a single minute less than the full number set by the officer.

cabsnounUS /kæbz/

plural of “cab” — a compartment at the front of a motor vehicle or locomotive where driver sits

From this reading The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.

chancenounUS /tʃæns/

a possibility due to a favorable combination of circumstances

From this reading “Now it begins to look as if I stood a good chance of being lost, and what’ll become of me if I don’t find Tom and Bob before dark?”

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.

darknounUS /dɑːrk/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading “Now it begins to look as if I stood a good chance of being lost, and what’ll become of me if I don’t find Tom and Bob before dark?”

directionsnounUS /dərˈekʃənz/

plural of “direction” — a line leading to a place or point

From this reading He made no attempt to answer his own question, but resolved to follow implicitly the directions given by the policeman, taking advantage of every opportunity to note the time, in order that he might not walk a single minute less than the full number set by the officer.

don't

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Now it begins to look as if I stood a good chance of being lost, and what’ll become of me if I don’t find Tom and Bob before dark?”

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading “I oughter gone home,” Josiah said to himself as he trudged slowly along, his burden growing heavier each moment.

eitherdeterminerUS /ˈiːðər/

one or the other of two

From this reading The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.

eveningnounUS /ˈiːvnɪŋ/

the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)

From this reading The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading He made no attempt to answer his own question, but resolved to follow implicitly the directions given by the policeman, taking advantage of every opportunity to note the time, in order that he might not walk a single minute less than the full number set by the officer.

fanciedadjectiveUS /ˈfænsid/

formed or conceived by the imagination

From this reading The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.

findverbUS /faɪnd/

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading “Now it begins to look as if I stood a good chance of being lost, and what’ll become of me if I don’t find Tom and Bob before dark?”

followverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊ/

to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading He made no attempt to answer his own question, but resolved to follow implicitly the directions given by the policeman, taking advantage of every opportunity to note the time, in order that he might not walk a single minute less than the full number set by the officer.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.

FRIENDnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading A FRIEND IN NEED.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading He made no attempt to answer his own question, but resolved to follow implicitly the directions given by the policeman, taking advantage of every opportunity to note the time, in order that he might not walk a single minute less than the full number set by the officer.

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading He made no attempt to answer his own question, but resolved to follow implicitly the directions given by the policeman, taking advantage of every opportunity to note the time, in order that he might not walk a single minute less than the full number set by the officer.

goneadjectiveUS /ɡɔːn/

destroyed or killed

From this reading “I oughter gone home,” Josiah said to himself as he trudged slowly along, his burden growing heavier each moment.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading “Now it begins to look as if I stood a good chance of being lost, and what’ll become of me if I don’t find Tom and Bob before dark?”

growingnounUS /ˈɡroʊɪŋ/

(biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level

From this reading “I oughter gone home,” Josiah said to himself as he trudged slowly along, his burden growing heavier each moment.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.

half-hournounUS /ˈhæfaʊər/

a half of an hour

From this reading The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading “I oughter gone home,” Josiah said to himself as he trudged slowly along, his burden growing heavier each moment.

heavieradjectiveUS /ˈheviər/

comparative of “heavy” — of comparatively great physical weight or density

From this reading “I oughter gone home,” Josiah said to himself as he trudged slowly along, his burden growing heavier each moment.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading “I oughter gone home,” Josiah said to himself as he trudged slowly along, his burden growing heavier each moment.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading “I oughter gone home,” Josiah said to himself as he trudged slowly along, his burden growing heavier each moment.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading “I oughter gone home,” Josiah said to himself as he trudged slowly along, his burden growing heavier each moment.

horse-car

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading “I oughter gone home,” Josiah said to himself as he trudged slowly along, his burden growing heavier each moment.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading “Now it begins to look as if I stood a good chance of being lost, and what’ll become of me if I don’t find Tom and Bob before dark?”

implicitlyadverbUS /ˌɪmˈplɪsətli/

without doubting or questioning

From this reading He made no attempt to answer his own question, but resolved to follow implicitly the directions given by the policeman, taking advantage of every opportunity to note the time, in order that he might not walk a single minute less than the full number set by the officer.

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading A FRIEND IN NEED.

inspectionnounUS /ˌɪnˈspekʃən/

a formal or official examination

From this reading The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading “Now it begins to look as if I stood a good chance of being lost, and what’ll become of me if I don’t find Tom and Bob before dark?”

Josiah

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “I oughter gone home,” Josiah said to himself as he trudged slowly along, his burden growing heavier each moment.

lengthenverbUS /ˈleŋθən/

make longer

From this reading The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading He made no attempt to answer his own question, but resolved to follow implicitly the directions given by the policeman, taking advantage of every opportunity to note the time, in order that he might not walk a single minute less than the full number set by the officer.

lookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading “Now it begins to look as if I stood a good chance of being lost, and what’ll become of me if I don’t find Tom and Bob before dark?”

lostadjectiveUS /lɔːst/

no longer in your possession or control; unable to be found or recovered

From this reading “Now it begins to look as if I stood a good chance of being lost, and what’ll become of me if I don’t find Tom and Bob before dark?”

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading He made no attempt to answer his own question, but resolved to follow implicitly the directions given by the policeman, taking advantage of every opportunity to note the time, in order that he might not walk a single minute less than the full number set by the officer.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading “Now it begins to look as if I stood a good chance of being lost, and what’ll become of me if I don’t find Tom and Bob before dark?”

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading He made no attempt to answer his own question, but resolved to follow implicitly the directions given by the policeman, taking advantage of every opportunity to note the time, in order that he might not walk a single minute less than the full number set by the officer.

minutenounUS /ˈmɪnət/

a unit of time equal to 60 seconds or 1/60th of an hour

From this reading He made no attempt to answer his own question, but resolved to follow implicitly the directions given by the policeman, taking advantage of every opportunity to note the time, in order that he might not walk a single minute less than the full number set by the officer.

momentnounUS /ˈmoʊmənt/

a particular point in time

From this reading “I oughter gone home,” Josiah said to himself as he trudged slowly along, his burden growing heavier each moment.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.

NEEDnounUS /niːd/

a condition requiring relief

From this reading A FRIEND IN NEED.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading He made no attempt to answer his own question, but resolved to follow implicitly the directions given by the policeman, taking advantage of every opportunity to note the time, in order that he might not walk a single minute less than the full number set by the officer.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading He made no attempt to answer his own question, but resolved to follow implicitly the directions given by the policeman, taking advantage of every opportunity to note the time, in order that he might not walk a single minute less than the full number set by the officer.

notenounUS /noʊt/

a brief written record

From this reading He made no attempt to answer his own question, but resolved to follow implicitly the directions given by the policeman, taking advantage of every opportunity to note the time, in order that he might not walk a single minute less than the full number set by the officer.

NowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading “Now it begins to look as if I stood a good chance of being lost, and what’ll become of me if I don’t find Tom and Bob before dark?”

numbernounUS /ˈnʌmbər/

the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals

From this reading He made no attempt to answer his own question, but resolved to follow implicitly the directions given by the policeman, taking advantage of every opportunity to note the time, in order that he might not walk a single minute less than the full number set by the officer.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading “Now it begins to look as if I stood a good chance of being lost, and what’ll become of me if I don’t find Tom and Bob before dark?”

officernounUS /ˈɔːfəsər/

any person in the armed services who holds a position of authority or command

From this reading He made no attempt to answer his own question, but resolved to follow implicitly the directions given by the policeman, taking advantage of every opportunity to note the time, in order that he might not walk a single minute less than the full number set by the officer.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.

openverbUS /ˈoʊ.pən/

To move from a closed position.

From this reading The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.

opportunitynounUS /ˌɑːpərˈtuːnəti/

a possibility due to a favorable combination of circumstances

From this reading He made no attempt to answer his own question, but resolved to follow implicitly the directions given by the policeman, taking advantage of every opportunity to note the time, in order that he might not walk a single minute less than the full number set by the officer.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading He made no attempt to answer his own question, but resolved to follow implicitly the directions given by the policeman, taking advantage of every opportunity to note the time, in order that he might not walk a single minute less than the full number set by the officer.

oughter

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “I oughter gone home,” Josiah said to himself as he trudged slowly along, his burden growing heavier each moment.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading He made no attempt to answer his own question, but resolved to follow implicitly the directions given by the policeman, taking advantage of every opportunity to note the time, in order that he might not walk a single minute less than the full number set by the officer.

policemannounUS /pəˈliːsmən/

a member of a police force

From this reading He made no attempt to answer his own question, but resolved to follow implicitly the directions given by the policeman, taking advantage of every opportunity to note the time, in order that he might not walk a single minute less than the full number set by the officer.

questionverbUS /ˈkwestʃən/

challenge the accuracy, probity, or propriety of

From this reading He made no attempt to answer his own question, but resolved to follow implicitly the directions given by the policeman, taking advantage of every opportunity to note the time, in order that he might not walk a single minute less than the full number set by the officer.

resolvedadjectiveUS /riˈzɑːlvd/

determined

From this reading He made no attempt to answer his own question, but resolved to follow implicitly the directions given by the policeman, taking advantage of every opportunity to note the time, in order that he might not walk a single minute less than the full number set by the officer.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading “I oughter gone home,” Josiah said to himself as he trudged slowly along, his burden growing heavier each moment.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading He made no attempt to answer his own question, but resolved to follow implicitly the directions given by the policeman, taking advantage of every opportunity to note the time, in order that he might not walk a single minute less than the full number set by the officer.

shadowsnounUS /ˈʃædoʊz/

plural of “shadow” — shade within clear boundaries

From this reading The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.

singleadjectiveUS /ˈsɪŋɡəl/

being or characteristic of a single thing or person

From this reading He made no attempt to answer his own question, but resolved to follow implicitly the directions given by the policeman, taking advantage of every opportunity to note the time, in order that he might not walk a single minute less than the full number set by the officer.

slowlyadverbUS /ˈsloʊli/

without speed (“slow” is sometimes used informally for “slowly”)

From this reading “I oughter gone home,” Josiah said to himself as he trudged slowly along, his burden growing heavier each moment.

squareverbUS /skwer/

make square

From this reading The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading “Now it begins to look as if I stood a good chance of being lost, and what’ll become of me if I don’t find Tom and Bob before dark?”

takingnounUS /ˈteɪkɪŋ/

the act of someone who picks up or takes something

From this reading He made no attempt to answer his own question, but resolved to follow implicitly the directions given by the policeman, taking advantage of every opportunity to note the time, in order that he might not walk a single minute less than the full number set by the officer.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading He made no attempt to answer his own question, but resolved to follow implicitly the directions given by the policeman, taking advantage of every opportunity to note the time, in order that he might not walk a single minute less than the full number set by the officer.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading He made no attempt to answer his own question, but resolved to follow implicitly the directions given by the policeman, taking advantage of every opportunity to note the time, in order that he might not walk a single minute less than the full number set by the officer.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading He made no attempt to answer his own question, but resolved to follow implicitly the directions given by the policeman, taking advantage of every opportunity to note the time, in order that he might not walk a single minute less than the full number set by the officer.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading He made no attempt to answer his own question, but resolved to follow implicitly the directions given by the policeman, taking advantage of every opportunity to note the time, in order that he might not walk a single minute less than the full number set by the officer.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading “I oughter gone home,” Josiah said to himself as he trudged slowly along, his burden growing heavier each moment.

TomnounUS /tɑːm/

male cat

From this reading “Now it begins to look as if I stood a good chance of being lost, and what’ll become of me if I don’t find Tom and Bob before dark?”

traveler'snounUS /ˈtrævələrz/

possessive form of “traveler” — a person who changes location

From this reading The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.

trudgedverbUS /trʌdʒd/

past form of “trudge” — walk heavily and firmly, as when weary, or through mud

From this reading “I oughter gone home,” Josiah said to himself as he trudged slowly along, his burden growing heavier each moment.

uneasinessnounUS /ˌʌˈniːzinəs/

feelings of anxiety that make you tense and irritable

From this reading The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.

vehiclesnounUS /ˈviːhɪkəlz/

plural of “vehicle” — a conveyance that transports people or objects

From this reading The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.

walknounUS /wɔːk/

the act of traveling by foot

From this reading He made no attempt to answer his own question, but resolved to follow implicitly the directions given by the policeman, taking advantage of every opportunity to note the time, in order that he might not walk a single minute less than the full number set by the officer.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.

what'll

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Now it begins to look as if I stood a good chance of being lost, and what’ll become of me if I don’t find Tom and Bob before dark?”

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading The half-hour came to an end, however, and the dark shadows of evening were beginning to lengthen, much to the young traveler’s uneasiness, when he arrived at an open square, at one end of which could be seen a number of cabs, and on either side horse-car after horse-car until Josiah fancied all of these vehicles ever made had been brought here for inspection.

Chapter 3 of Josiah in New York by James Otis holds 131 sentences, grouped into 27 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of Josiah in New York contain?

Chapter 3 holds 131 sentences of Josiah in New York, unabridged, divided into 27 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of Josiah in New York by James Otis exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 131 sentences, grouped into 27 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of Josiah in New York?

Work through the 27 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 27 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Josiah in New York

Common questions about reading Josiah in New York by James Otis on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Josiah in New York?

Yes. All 2000 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #68813 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Josiah in New York is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #68813, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Josiah in New York take to read?

About 166 minutes of reading across 400 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Josiah in New York section by section

How to work through Josiah in New York section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Josiah in New York

Words and structures a reader meets early in Josiah in New York, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Coupon
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Josiah in New York; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Fresh
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Josiah in New York; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Josiah in New York; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Tyler
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Josiah in New York; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.