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Journal 01, 1837-1846 — Volume 07
Journal 01, 1837-1846 — Volume 07

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Journal 01, 1837-1846 — Volume 07 is here in full — 420 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Journal 01, 1837-1846 — Volume 07
Context Illustration Reading 1/84 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Italic text is denoted by _underscores_.
The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."
This volume consisted of extracts covering the month of March and parts of February and April, arranged according to the days of the month, the entries for the successive years following one another under each day.
It was edited by Thoreau's friend Mr. H. G. O. Blake, to whom the Journal was bequeathed by Miss Sophia Thoreau, who died in 1876.
It was succeeded in 1884 by a volume entitled "Summer," which in reality covered only the early summer, and that, in turn, by "Winter" in 1887 and "Autumn" in 1892, all made by Mr. Blake on the same principle.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Journal 01, 1837-1846 — Volume 07

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Journal 01, 1837-1846 — Volume 07 is here in full — 420 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/84 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Italic text is denoted by _underscores_.
/aɪˈtælɪk tekst ɪz dɪˈnoʊtəd baɪ ˌʌndərˈskɔːrz/
Line 2
The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."
Line 3
This volume consisted of extracts covering the month of March and parts of February and April, arranged according to the days of the month, the entries for the successive years following one another under each day.
/ðɪs ˈvɑːljuːm kənˈsɪstəd ʌv ˈekstrækts ˈkʌvərɪŋ ðə mʌnθ ʌv mɑːrtʃ ənd pɑːrts ʌv ˈfebjəweri ənd ˈeɪprəl ərˈeɪndʒd əˈkɔːrdɪŋ tuː ðə deɪz ʌv ðə mʌnθ ðə ˈentriz fɔːr ðə səkˈsesɪv jɪrz ˈfɑːloʊɪŋ wʌn əˈnʌðər ˈʌndər iːtʃ deɪ/
Line 4
It was edited by Thoreau's friend Mr. H. G. O. Blake, to whom the Journal was bequeathed by Miss Sophia Thoreau, who died in 1876.
Line 5
It was succeeded in 1884 by a volume entitled "Summer," which in reality covered only the early summer, and that, in turn, by "Winter" in 1887 and "Autumn" in 1892, all made by Mr. Blake on the same principle.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Catskills noun US /ˈkætskɪlz/

a range of the Appalachians to the west of the Hudson in southeastern New York; includes many popular resort areas

From this reading “The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."”

denoted verb US /dɪˈnoʊtəd/

past form of “denote” — be a sign or indication of

From this reading “Italic text is denoted by _underscores_.”

entries noun US /ˈentriz/

plural of “entry” — an item inserted in a written record

From this reading “This volume consisted of extracts covering the month of March and parts of February and April, arranged according to the days of the month, the entries for the successive years following one another under each day.”

Italic noun US /aɪˈtælɪk/

a style of handwriting with the letters slanting to the right

From this reading “Italic text is denoted by _underscores_.”

Sanskrit noun US /ˈsænskrɪt/

(Hinduism) an ancient language of India (the language of the Vedas and of Hinduism); an official language of India although it is now used only for religious purposes

From this reading “The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."”

spellings noun US /ˈspelɪŋz/

plural of “spelling” — forming words with letters according to the principles underlying accepted usage

From this reading “The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."”

Thoreau noun US /θərˈoʊ/

United States writer and social critic (1817-1862)

From this reading “The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."”

underscores noun US /ˌʌndərˈskɔːrz/

plural of “underscore” — a line drawn underneath (especially under written matter)

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

early summer adjective + noun

In this reading “It was succeeded in 1884 by a volume entitled "Summer," which in reality covered only the early summer, and that, in turn, by "Winter" in 1887 and "Autumn" in 1892, all made by Mr. Blake on the same principle.”

same principle adjective + noun

In this reading “It was succeeded in 1884 by a volume entitled "Summer," which in reality covered only the early summer, and that, in turn, by "Winter" in 1887 and "Autumn" in 1892, all made by Mr. Blake on the same principle.”

succeeded in verb + particle counted as “succeed in”

In this reading “It was succeeded in 1884 by a volume entitled "Summer," which in reality covered only the early summer, and that, in turn, by "Winter" in 1887 and "Autumn" in 1892, all made by Mr. Blake on the same principle.”

in reality preposition + noun

used to imply that one would expect the fact to be the opposite of that stated; surprisingly

In this reading “It was succeeded in 1884 by a volume entitled "Summer," which in reality covered only the early summer, and that, in turn, by "Winter" in 1887 and "Autumn" in 1892, all made by Mr. Blake on the same principle.”

consisted of verb + particle counted as “consist of”

In this reading “This volume consisted of extracts covering the month of March and parts of February and April, arranged according to the days of the month, the entries for the successive years following one another under each day.”

in writing preposition + noun

written or drawn or engraved

In this reading “The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."”

All words in this reading · 108

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1876

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was edited by Thoreau's friend Mr. H. G. O. Blake, to whom the Journal was bequeathed by Miss Sophia Thoreau, who died in 1876.

1881

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."

1884

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was succeeded in 1884 by a volume entitled "Summer," which in reality covered only the early summer, and that, in turn, by "Winter" in 1887 and "Autumn" in 1892, all made by Mr. Blake on the same principle.

1887

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was succeeded in 1884 by a volume entitled "Summer," which in reality covered only the early summer, and that, in turn, by "Winter" in 1887 and "Autumn" in 1892, all made by Mr. Blake on the same principle.

1892

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was succeeded in 1884 by a volume entitled "Summer," which in reality covered only the early summer, and that, in turn, by "Winter" in 1887 and "Autumn" in 1892, all made by Mr. Blake on the same principle.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It was succeeded in 1884 by a volume entitled "Summer," which in reality covered only the early summer, and that, in turn, by "Winter" in 1887 and "Autumn" in 1892, all made by Mr. Blake on the same principle.

accordingadjectiveUS /əˈkɔːrdɪŋ/

(followed by “to”) in agreement with or accordant with

From this reading This volume consisted of extracts covering the month of March and parts of February and April, arranged according to the days of the month, the entries for the successive years following one another under each day.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading It was succeeded in 1884 by a volume entitled "Summer," which in reality covered only the early summer, and that, in turn, by "Winter" in 1887 and "Autumn" in 1892, all made by Mr. Blake on the same principle.

alternateadjectiveUS /ˈɔːltərnət/

every second one of a series

From this reading The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading This volume consisted of extracts covering the month of March and parts of February and April, arranged according to the days of the month, the entries for the successive years following one another under each day.

AprilnounUS /ˈeɪprəl/

the month following March and preceding May

From this reading This volume consisted of extracts covering the month of March and parts of February and April, arranged according to the days of the month, the entries for the successive years following one another under each day.

arrangedadjectiveUS /ərˈeɪndʒd/

disposed or placed in a particular kind of order

From this reading This volume consisted of extracts covering the month of March and parts of February and April, arranged according to the days of the month, the entries for the successive years following one another under each day.

AsideadverbUS /əˈsaɪd/

on or to one side

From this reading The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."

AutumnnounUS /ˈɔːtəm/

the season when the leaves fall from the trees

From this reading It was succeeded in 1884 by a volume entitled "Summer," which in reality covered only the early summer, and that, in turn, by "Winter" in 1887 and "Autumn" in 1892, all made by Mr. Blake on the same principle.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."

bequeathedverbUS /bəˈkwiːθt/

past form of “bequeath” — leave or give by will after one's death

From this reading It was edited by Thoreau's friend Mr. H. G. O. Blake, to whom the Journal was bequeathed by Miss Sophia Thoreau, who died in 1876.

BlakenounUS /bleɪk/

visionary British poet and painter (1757-1827)

From this reading It was edited by Thoreau's friend Mr. H. G. O. Blake, to whom the Journal was bequeathed by Miss Sophia Thoreau, who died in 1876.

Brahmins

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."

Bramins

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Italic text is denoted by _underscores_.

Caatskills

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."

CatskillsnounUS /ˈkætskɪlz/

a range of the Appalachians to the west of the Hudson in southeastern New York; includes many popular resort areas

From this reading The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."

consistedverbUS /kənˈsɪstəd/

past form of “consist” — originate

From this reading This volume consisted of extracts covering the month of March and parts of February and April, arranged according to the days of the month, the entries for the successive years following one another under each day.

contemporariesnounUS /kənˈtempəreriz/

all the people living at the same time or of approximately the same age

From this reading The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."

cotemporaries

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."

coveredadjectiveUS /ˈkʌvərd/

overlaid or spread or topped with or enclosed within something; sometimes used as a combining form

From this reading It was succeeded in 1884 by a volume entitled "Summer," which in reality covered only the early summer, and that, in turn, by "Winter" in 1887 and "Autumn" in 1892, all made by Mr. Blake on the same principle.

coveringnounUS /ˈkʌvərɪŋ/

a natural object that covers or envelops

From this reading This volume consisted of extracts covering the month of March and parts of February and April, arranged according to the days of the month, the entries for the successive years following one another under each day.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading This volume consisted of extracts covering the month of March and parts of February and April, arranged according to the days of the month, the entries for the successive years following one another under each day.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading This volume consisted of extracts covering the month of March and parts of February and April, arranged according to the days of the month, the entries for the successive years following one another under each day.

denotedverbUS /dɪˈnoʊtəd/

past form of “denote” — be a sign or indication of

From this reading Italic text is denoted by _underscores_.

diedverbUS /daɪd/

past form of “die” — pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life

From this reading It was edited by Thoreau's friend Mr. H. G. O. Blake, to whom the Journal was bequeathed by Miss Sophia Thoreau, who died in 1876.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading This volume consisted of extracts covering the month of March and parts of February and April, arranged according to the days of the month, the entries for the successive years following one another under each day.

EarlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."

editedadjectiveUS /ˈedətəd/

improved or corrected by critical editing

From this reading It was edited by Thoreau's friend Mr. H. G. O. Blake, to whom the Journal was bequeathed by Miss Sophia Thoreau, who died in 1876.

entitledadjectiveUS /enˈtaɪtəld/

qualified for by right according to law

From this reading It was succeeded in 1884 by a volume entitled "Summer," which in reality covered only the early summer, and that, in turn, by "Winter" in 1887 and "Autumn" in 1892, all made by Mr. Blake on the same principle.

entriesnounUS /ˈentriz/

plural of “entry” — an item inserted in a written record

From this reading This volume consisted of extracts covering the month of March and parts of February and April, arranged according to the days of the month, the entries for the successive years following one another under each day.

extensiveadjectiveUS /ɪkˈstensɪv/

large in spatial extent or range or scope or quantity

From this reading The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."

extractsnounUS /ˈekstrækts/

plural of “extract” — a solution obtained by steeping or soaking a substance (usually in water)

From this reading This volume consisted of extracts covering the month of March and parts of February and April, arranged according to the days of the month, the entries for the successive years following one another under each day.

FebruarynounUS /ˈfebjəweri/

the month following January and preceding March

From this reading This volume consisted of extracts covering the month of March and parts of February and April, arranged according to the days of the month, the entries for the successive years following one another under each day.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."

followingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːloʊɪŋ/

about to be mentioned or specified

From this reading The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading This volume consisted of extracts covering the month of March and parts of February and April, arranged according to the days of the month, the entries for the successive years following one another under each day.

formaladjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrməl/

being in accord with established forms and conventions and requirements (as e.g. of formal dress)

From this reading The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."

friendnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading It was edited by Thoreau's friend Mr. H. G. O. Blake, to whom the Journal was bequeathed by Miss Sophia Thoreau, who died in 1876.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."

GnounUS /dʒiː/

a metric unit of weight equal to one thousandth of a kilogram

From this reading It was edited by Thoreau's friend Mr. H. G. O. Blake, to whom the Journal was bequeathed by Miss Sophia Thoreau, who died in 1876.

HnounUS /eɪtʃ/

a nonmetallic univalent element that is normally a colorless and odorless highly flammable diatomic gas; the simplest and lightest and most abundant element in the universe

From this reading It was edited by Thoreau's friend Mr. H. G. O. Blake, to whom the Journal was bequeathed by Miss Sophia Thoreau, who died in 1876.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Italic text is denoted by _underscores_.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was edited by Thoreau's friend Mr. H. G. O. Blake, to whom the Journal was bequeathed by Miss Sophia Thoreau, who died in 1876.

ItalicnounUS /aɪˈtælɪk/

a style of handwriting with the letters slanting to the right

From this reading Italic text is denoted by _underscores_.

JournalnounUS /ˈdʒɜːrnəl/

a daily written record of (usually personal) experiences and observations

From this reading The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."

MarchverbUS /mɑːrtʃ/

march in a procession

From this reading This volume consisted of extracts covering the month of March and parts of February and April, arranged according to the days of the month, the entries for the successive years following one another under each day.

MassachusettsnounUS /ˌmæsəˈtʃuːsəts/

a state in New England; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."

materialadjectiveUS /məˈtɪriəl/

concerned with worldly rather than spiritual interests

From this reading The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."

MissverbUS /mɪs/

fail to perceive or to catch with the senses or the mind

From this reading It was edited by Thoreau's friend Mr. H. G. O. Blake, to whom the Journal was bequeathed by Miss Sophia Thoreau, who died in 1876.

monthnounUS /mʌnθ/

one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year

From this reading This volume consisted of extracts covering the month of March and parts of February and April, arranged according to the days of the month, the entries for the successive years following one another under each day.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading It was edited by Thoreau's friend Mr. H. G. O. Blake, to whom the Journal was bequeathed by Miss Sophia Thoreau, who died in 1876.

notedadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊtəd/

widely known and esteemed

From this reading The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."

OnounUS /oʊ/

a nonmetallic bivalent element that is normally a colorless odorless tasteless nonflammable diatomic gas; constitutes 21 percent of the atmosphere by volume; the most abundant element in the earth's crust

From this reading It was edited by Thoreau's friend Mr. H. G. O. Blake, to whom the Journal was bequeathed by Miss Sophia Thoreau, who died in 1876.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading It was succeeded in 1884 by a volume entitled "Summer," which in reality covered only the early summer, and that, in turn, by "Winter" in 1887 and "Autumn" in 1892, all made by Mr. Blake on the same principle.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading This volume consisted of extracts covering the month of March and parts of February and April, arranged according to the days of the month, the entries for the successive years following one another under each day.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading It was succeeded in 1884 by a volume entitled "Summer," which in reality covered only the early summer, and that, in turn, by "Winter" in 1887 and "Autumn" in 1892, all made by Mr. Blake on the same principle.

partsnounUS /pɑːrts/

the local environment

From this reading This volume consisted of extracts covering the month of March and parts of February and April, arranged according to the days of the month, the entries for the successive years following one another under each day.

principlenounUS /ˈprɪnsəpəl/

a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct

From this reading It was succeeded in 1884 by a volume entitled "Summer," which in reality covered only the early summer, and that, in turn, by "Winter" in 1887 and "Autumn" in 1892, all made by Mr. Blake on the same principle.

publicationnounUS /ˌpʌblɪˈkeɪʃən/

a copy of a printed work offered for distribution

From this reading The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."

realitynounUS /ˌriːˈælətiː/

all of your experiences that determine how things appear to you

From this reading It was succeeded in 1884 by a volume entitled "Summer," which in reality covered only the early summer, and that, in turn, by "Winter" in 1887 and "Autumn" in 1892, all made by Mr. Blake on the same principle.

retainedadjectiveUS /rɪˈteɪnd/

continued in your keeping or use or memory

From this reading The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading It was succeeded in 1884 by a volume entitled "Summer," which in reality covered only the early summer, and that, in turn, by "Winter" in 1887 and "Autumn" in 1892, all made by Mr. Blake on the same principle.

Sanscrit

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."

SanskritnounUS /ˈsænskrɪt/

(Hinduism) an ancient language of India (the language of the Vedas and of Hinduism); an official language of India although it is now used only for religious purposes

From this reading The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."

ShakespearenounUS /ˈʃeɪkspiːr/

English poet and dramatist considered one of the greatest English writers (1564-1616)

From this reading The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."

Shakspeare

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."

Sophia

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was edited by Thoreau's friend Mr. H. G. O. Blake, to whom the Journal was bequeathed by Miss Sophia Thoreau, who died in 1876.

spellingsnounUS /ˈspelɪŋz/

plural of “spelling” — forming words with letters according to the principles underlying accepted usage

From this reading The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."

SpringnounUS /sprɪŋ/

the season of growth

From this reading The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."

succeededverbUS /səkˈsiːdɪd/

past form of “succeed” — attain success or reach a desired goal

From this reading It was succeeded in 1884 by a volume entitled "Summer," which in reality covered only the early summer, and that, in turn, by "Winter" in 1887 and "Autumn" in 1892, all made by Mr. Blake on the same principle.

successiveadjectiveUS /səkˈsesɪv/

in regular succession without gaps

From this reading This volume consisted of extracts covering the month of March and parts of February and April, arranged according to the days of the month, the entries for the successive years following one another under each day.

SummernounUS /ˈsʌmər/

the warmest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the summer solstice to the autumnal equinox

From this reading It was succeeded in 1884 by a volume entitled "Summer," which in reality covered only the early summer, and that, in turn, by "Winter" in 1887 and "Autumn" in 1892, all made by Mr. Blake on the same principle.

textnounUS /tekst/

the words of something written

From this reading Italic text is denoted by _underscores_.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It was succeeded in 1884 by a volume entitled "Summer," which in reality covered only the early summer, and that, in turn, by "Winter" in 1887 and "Autumn" in 1892, all made by Mr. Blake on the same principle.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This volume consisted of extracts covering the month of March and parts of February and April, arranged according to the days of the month, the entries for the successive years following one another under each day.

ThoreaunounUS /θərˈoʊ/

United States writer and social critic (1817-1862)

From this reading The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."

Thoreau's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was edited by Thoreau's friend Mr. H. G. O. Blake, to whom the Journal was bequeathed by Miss Sophia Thoreau, who died in 1876.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading This volume consisted of extracts covering the month of March and parts of February and April, arranged according to the days of the month, the entries for the successive years following one another under each day.

turnverbUS /tɜːrn/

change orientation or direction, also in the abstract sense

From this reading It was succeeded in 1884 by a volume entitled "Summer," which in reality covered only the early summer, and that, in turn, by "Winter" in 1887 and "Autumn" in 1892, all made by Mr. Blake on the same principle.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading This volume consisted of extracts covering the month of March and parts of February and April, arranged according to the days of the month, the entries for the successive years following one another under each day.

underscoresnounUS /ˌʌndərˈskɔːrz/

plural of “underscore” — a line drawn underneath (especially under written matter)

From this reading Italic text is denoted by _underscores_.

usenounUS /juːs/

the act of using

From this reading The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."

volumenounUS /ˈvɑːljuːm/

the amount of 3-dimensional space occupied by an object

From this reading This volume consisted of extracts covering the month of March and parts of February and April, arranged according to the days of the month, the entries for the successive years following one another under each day.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was edited by Thoreau's friend Mr. H. G. O. Blake, to whom the Journal was bequeathed by Miss Sophia Thoreau, who died in 1876.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading It was succeeded in 1884 by a volume entitled "Summer," which in reality covered only the early summer, and that, in turn, by "Winter" in 1887 and "Autumn" in 1892, all made by Mr. Blake on the same principle.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading It was edited by Thoreau's friend Mr. H. G. O. Blake, to whom the Journal was bequeathed by Miss Sophia Thoreau, who died in 1876.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading It was edited by Thoreau's friend Mr. H. G. O. Blake, to whom the Journal was bequeathed by Miss Sophia Thoreau, who died in 1876.

WinternounUS /ˈwɪntər/

the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox

From this reading It was succeeded in 1884 by a volume entitled "Summer," which in reality covered only the early summer, and that, in turn, by "Winter" in 1887 and "Autumn" in 1892, all made by Mr. Blake on the same principle.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."

worksnounUS /wɜːrks/

buildings for carrying on industrial labor

From this reading The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."

writingnounUS /ˈraɪtɪŋ/

the act of creating written works

From this reading The following alternate spellings were noted, but retained: contemporaries and cotemporaries Bramins and Brahmins Shakspeare and Shakespeare Sanskrit and Sanscrit Catskills and Caatskills Aside from the use Thoreau himself made of his Journal in writing his more formal works, the first extensive publication of the Journal material began in 1881 with "Early Spring in Massachusetts."

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading This volume consisted of extracts covering the month of March and parts of February and April, arranged according to the days of the month, the entries for the successive years following one another under each day.

Chapter 1 of Journal 01, 1837-1846 — Volume 07 by Henry David Thoreau holds 420 sentences, grouped into 84 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Journal 01, 1837-1846 — Volume 07 contain?

Chapter 1 holds 420 sentences of Journal 01, 1837-1846 — Volume 07, unabridged, divided into 84 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Journal 01, 1837-1846 — Volume 07 by Henry David Thoreau exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 420 sentences, grouped into 84 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Journal 01, 1837-1846 — Volume 07?

Work through the 84 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 84 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Journal 01, 1837-1846 — Volume 07

Common questions about reading Journal 01, 1837-1846 — Volume 07 by Henry David Thoreau on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Journal 01, 1837-1846 — Volume 07?

Yes. All 6674 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #57393 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Journal 01, 1837-1846 — Volume 07 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #57393, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Journal 01, 1837-1846 — Volume 07 take to read?

About 556 minutes of reading across 1335 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Journal 01, 1837-1846 — Volume 07 section by section

How to work through Journal 01, 1837-1846 — Volume 07 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 17 chapters of Journal 01, 1837-1846 — Volume 07 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Journal 01, 1837-1846 — Volume 07

Words and structures a reader meets early in Journal 01, 1837-1846 — Volume 07, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Italic
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Journal 01, 1837-1846 — Volume 07; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Denoted
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Journal 01, 1837-1846 — Volume 07; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Underscores
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Journal 01, 1837-1846 — Volume 07; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Following
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Journal 01, 1837-1846 — Volume 07; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.