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Journal 02, 1850-September 15, 1851 — Volume 08
Journal 02, 1850-September 15, 1851 — Volume 08

Chapter XVI

Chapter 16 of Journal 02, 1850-September 15, 1851 — Volume 08 is here in full — 414 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Journal 02, 1850-September 15, 1851 — Volume 08
Context Illustration Reading 1/82 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
There he was with his tail cut off, because it was in the way, or to suit the taste of his owner; his mane trimmed, and his feet shod with iron that he might wear longer.
What is a horse but an animal that has lost its liberty?
What is it but a system of slavery? and do you not thus by _insensible_ and unimportant degrees come to human slavery?
Has lost its liberty!—and has man got any more liberty himself for having robbed the horse, or has he lost just as much of his own, and become more like the horse he has robbed?
Is not the other end of the bridle in this case, too, coiled round his own neck?
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Journal 02, 1850-September 15, 1851 — Volume 08

Chapter XVI

Chapter 16 of Journal 02, 1850-September 15, 1851 — Volume 08 is here in full — 414 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/82 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
There he was with his tail cut off, because it was in the way, or to suit the taste of his owner; his mane trimmed, and his feet shod with iron that he might wear longer.
/ðer hiː wɑːz wɪð hɪz teɪl kʌt ɔːf bɪˈkɔːz ɪt wɑːz ɪn ðə weɪ ɔːr tuː suːt ðə teɪst ʌv hɪz ˈoʊnər hɪz meɪn trɪmd ənd hɪz fiːt ʃɑːd wɪð ˈaɪərn ðæt hiː maɪt wer ˈlɔːŋɡər/
Line 2
What is a horse but an animal that has lost its liberty?
/wʌt ɪz ə hɔːrs bʌt æn ˈænəməl ðæt hæz lɔːst ɪts ˈlɪb.ər.ti/
Line 3
What is it but a system of slavery? and do you not thus by _insensible_ and unimportant degrees come to human slavery?
/wʌt ɪz ɪt bʌt ə ˈsɪstəm ʌv ˈsleɪvəri ənd duː juː nɑːt ðʌs baɪ ˌɪnˈsensəbəl ənd ənɪmˈpɔːrtənt dɪˈɡriːz kʌm tuː ˈhjuːmən ˈsleɪvəri/
Line 4
Has lost its liberty!—and has man got any more liberty himself for having robbed the horse, or has he lost just as much of his own, and become more like the horse he has robbed?
Line 5
Is not the other end of the bridle in this case, too, coiled round his own neck?
/ɪz nɑːt ðə ˈʌðər end ʌv ðə ˈbraɪdəl ɪn ðɪs keɪs tuː kɔɪld raʊnd hɪz oʊn nek/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bridle noun US /ˈbraɪdəl/

headgear for a horse; includes a headstall and bit and reins to give the rider or driver control

From this reading “Is not the other end of the bridle in this case, too, coiled round his own neck?”

coiled adjective US /kɔɪld/

curled or wound (especially in concentric rings or spirals)

From this reading “Is not the other end of the bridle in this case, too, coiled round his own neck?”

insensible adjective US /ˌɪnˈsensəbəl/

incapable of physical sensation

mane noun US /meɪn/

long coarse hair growing from the crest of the animal's neck

From this reading “There he was with his tail cut off, because it was in the way, or to suit the taste of his owner; his mane trimmed, and his feet shod with iron that he might wear longer.”

shod adjective US /ʃɑːd/

wearing footgear

From this reading “There he was with his tail cut off, because it was in the way, or to suit the taste of his owner; his mane trimmed, and his feet shod with iron that he might wear longer.”

slavery noun US /ˈsleɪvəri/

the state of being under the control of another person

From this reading “What is it but a system of slavery? and do you not thus by _insensible_ and unimportant degrees come to human slavery?”

trimmed adjective US /trɪmd/

made neat and tidy by trimming

From this reading “There he was with his tail cut off, because it was in the way, or to suit the taste of his owner; his mane trimmed, and his feet shod with iron that he might wear longer.”

unimportant adjective US /ənɪmˈpɔːrtənt/

not important

From this reading “What is it but a system of slavery? and do you not thus by _insensible_ and unimportant degrees come to human slavery?”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

cut off verb + particle

make a break in

In this reading “There he was with his tail cut off, because it was in the way, or to suit the taste of his owner; his mane trimmed, and his feet shod with iron that he might wear longer.”

coiled round adjective + noun

In this reading “Is not the other end of the bridle in this case, too, coiled round his own neck?”

other end adjective + noun

In this reading “Is not the other end of the bridle in this case, too, coiled round his own neck?”

become more verb + adjective

In this reading “Has lost its liberty!—and has man got any more liberty himself for having robbed the horse, or has he lost just as much of his own, and become more like the horse he has robbed?”

got any verb + adjective counted as “get any”

In this reading “Has lost its liberty!—and has man got any more liberty himself for having robbed the horse, or has he lost just as much of his own, and become more like the horse he has robbed?”

All words in this reading · 75

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading What is a horse but an animal that has lost its liberty?

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading What is a horse but an animal that has lost its liberty?

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading There he was with his tail cut off, because it was in the way, or to suit the taste of his owner; his mane trimmed, and his feet shod with iron that he might wear longer.

animalnounUS /ˈænəməl/

a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading What is a horse but an animal that has lost its liberty?

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading Has lost its liberty!—and has man got any more liberty himself for having robbed the horse, or has he lost just as much of his own, and become more like the horse he has robbed?

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Has lost its liberty!—and has man got any more liberty himself for having robbed the horse, or has he lost just as much of his own, and become more like the horse he has robbed?

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading There he was with his tail cut off, because it was in the way, or to suit the taste of his owner; his mane trimmed, and his feet shod with iron that he might wear longer.

becomeverbUS /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading Has lost its liberty!—and has man got any more liberty himself for having robbed the horse, or has he lost just as much of his own, and become more like the horse he has robbed?

bridlenounUS /ˈbraɪdəl/

headgear for a horse; includes a headstall and bit and reins to give the rider or driver control

From this reading Is not the other end of the bridle in this case, too, coiled round his own neck?

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading What is a horse but an animal that has lost its liberty?

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading What is it but a system of slavery? and do you not thus by _insensible_ and unimportant degrees come to human slavery?

casenounUS /keɪs/

an occurrence of something

From this reading Is not the other end of the bridle in this case, too, coiled round his own neck?

coiledadjectiveUS /kɔɪld/

curled or wound (especially in concentric rings or spirals)

From this reading Is not the other end of the bridle in this case, too, coiled round his own neck?

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading What is it but a system of slavery? and do you not thus by _insensible_ and unimportant degrees come to human slavery?

cutverbUS /kʌt/

separate with or as if with an instrument

From this reading There he was with his tail cut off, because it was in the way, or to suit the taste of his owner; his mane trimmed, and his feet shod with iron that he might wear longer.

degreesnounUS /dɪˈɡriːz/

plural of “degree” — a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality

From this reading What is it but a system of slavery? and do you not thus by _insensible_ and unimportant degrees come to human slavery?

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading What is it but a system of slavery? and do you not thus by _insensible_ and unimportant degrees come to human slavery?

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading Is not the other end of the bridle in this case, too, coiled round his own neck?

feetnounUS /fiːt/

plural of “foot” — the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading There he was with his tail cut off, because it was in the way, or to suit the taste of his owner; his mane trimmed, and his feet shod with iron that he might wear longer.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Has lost its liberty!—and has man got any more liberty himself for having robbed the horse, or has he lost just as much of his own, and become more like the horse he has robbed?

gotverbUS /ɡɑːt/

inflected form of “get” — come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading Has lost its liberty!—and has man got any more liberty himself for having robbed the horse, or has he lost just as much of his own, and become more like the horse he has robbed?

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading What is a horse but an animal that has lost its liberty?

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading Has lost its liberty!—and has man got any more liberty himself for having robbed the horse, or has he lost just as much of his own, and become more like the horse he has robbed?

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading There he was with his tail cut off, because it was in the way, or to suit the taste of his owner; his mane trimmed, and his feet shod with iron that he might wear longer.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Has lost its liberty!—and has man got any more liberty himself for having robbed the horse, or has he lost just as much of his own, and become more like the horse he has robbed?

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading There he was with his tail cut off, because it was in the way, or to suit the taste of his owner; his mane trimmed, and his feet shod with iron that he might wear longer.

horsenounUS /hɔːrs/

solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading What is a horse but an animal that has lost its liberty?

humanadjectiveUS /ˈhjuːmən/

characteristic of humanity

From this reading What is it but a system of slavery? and do you not thus by _insensible_ and unimportant degrees come to human slavery?

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading There he was with his tail cut off, because it was in the way, or to suit the taste of his owner; his mane trimmed, and his feet shod with iron that he might wear longer.

insensibleadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈsensəbəl/

incapable of physical sensation

From this reading What is it but a system of slavery? and do you not thus by _insensible_ and unimportant degrees come to human slavery?

ironnounUS /ˈaɪərn/

a heavy ductile magnetic metallic element; is silver-white in pure form but readily rusts; used in construction and tools and armament; plays a role in the transport of oxygen by the blood

From this reading There he was with his tail cut off, because it was in the way, or to suit the taste of his owner; his mane trimmed, and his feet shod with iron that he might wear longer.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading What is a horse but an animal that has lost its liberty?

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading There he was with his tail cut off, because it was in the way, or to suit the taste of his owner; his mane trimmed, and his feet shod with iron that he might wear longer.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading What is a horse but an animal that has lost its liberty?

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading Has lost its liberty!—and has man got any more liberty himself for having robbed the horse, or has he lost just as much of his own, and become more like the horse he has robbed?

libertynounUS /ˈlɪb.ər.ti/

The state of being free within society from oppressive restrictions on one's way of life.

From this reading What is a horse but an animal that has lost its liberty?

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Has lost its liberty!—and has man got any more liberty himself for having robbed the horse, or has he lost just as much of his own, and become more like the horse he has robbed?

longeradverbUS /ˈlɔːŋɡər/

for more time

From this reading There he was with his tail cut off, because it was in the way, or to suit the taste of his owner; his mane trimmed, and his feet shod with iron that he might wear longer.

lostadjectiveUS /lɔːst/

no longer in your possession or control; unable to be found or recovered

From this reading What is a horse but an animal that has lost its liberty?

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Has lost its liberty!—and has man got any more liberty himself for having robbed the horse, or has he lost just as much of his own, and become more like the horse he has robbed?

manenounUS /meɪn/

long coarse hair growing from the crest of the animal's neck

From this reading There he was with his tail cut off, because it was in the way, or to suit the taste of his owner; his mane trimmed, and his feet shod with iron that he might wear longer.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading There he was with his tail cut off, because it was in the way, or to suit the taste of his owner; his mane trimmed, and his feet shod with iron that he might wear longer.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Has lost its liberty!—and has man got any more liberty himself for having robbed the horse, or has he lost just as much of his own, and become more like the horse he has robbed?

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading Has lost its liberty!—and has man got any more liberty himself for having robbed the horse, or has he lost just as much of his own, and become more like the horse he has robbed?

necknounUS /nek/

the part of an organism (human or animal) that connects the head to the rest of the body

From this reading Is not the other end of the bridle in this case, too, coiled round his own neck?

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading What is it but a system of slavery? and do you not thus by _insensible_ and unimportant degrees come to human slavery?

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading There he was with his tail cut off, because it was in the way, or to suit the taste of his owner; his mane trimmed, and his feet shod with iron that he might wear longer.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading There he was with his tail cut off, because it was in the way, or to suit the taste of his owner; his mane trimmed, and his feet shod with iron that he might wear longer.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading There he was with his tail cut off, because it was in the way, or to suit the taste of his owner; his mane trimmed, and his feet shod with iron that he might wear longer.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading Is not the other end of the bridle in this case, too, coiled round his own neck?

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading Has lost its liberty!—and has man got any more liberty himself for having robbed the horse, or has he lost just as much of his own, and become more like the horse he has robbed?

ownernounUS /ˈoʊnər/

(law) someone who owns (is legal possessor of) a business

From this reading There he was with his tail cut off, because it was in the way, or to suit the taste of his owner; his mane trimmed, and his feet shod with iron that he might wear longer.

robbedverbUS /rɑːbd/

inflected form of “rob” — take something away by force or without the consent of the owner

From this reading Has lost its liberty!—and has man got any more liberty himself for having robbed the horse, or has he lost just as much of his own, and become more like the horse he has robbed?

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading Is not the other end of the bridle in this case, too, coiled round his own neck?

shodadjectiveUS /ʃɑːd/

wearing footgear

From this reading There he was with his tail cut off, because it was in the way, or to suit the taste of his owner; his mane trimmed, and his feet shod with iron that he might wear longer.

slaverynounUS /ˈsleɪvəri/

the state of being under the control of another person

From this reading What is it but a system of slavery? and do you not thus by _insensible_ and unimportant degrees come to human slavery?

suitverbUS /suːt/

be agreeable or acceptable to

From this reading There he was with his tail cut off, because it was in the way, or to suit the taste of his owner; his mane trimmed, and his feet shod with iron that he might wear longer.

systemnounUS /ˈsɪstəm/

instrumentality that combines interrelated interacting artifacts designed to work as a coherent entity

From this reading What is it but a system of slavery? and do you not thus by _insensible_ and unimportant degrees come to human slavery?

tailnounUS /teɪl/

the posterior part of the body of a vertebrate especially when elongated and extending beyond the trunk or main part of the body

From this reading There he was with his tail cut off, because it was in the way, or to suit the taste of his owner; his mane trimmed, and his feet shod with iron that he might wear longer.

tasteverbUS /teɪst/

To perceive flavor through the mouth.

From this reading There he was with his tail cut off, because it was in the way, or to suit the taste of his owner; his mane trimmed, and his feet shod with iron that he might wear longer.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading There he was with his tail cut off, because it was in the way, or to suit the taste of his owner; his mane trimmed, and his feet shod with iron that he might wear longer.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading There he was with his tail cut off, because it was in the way, or to suit the taste of his owner; his mane trimmed, and his feet shod with iron that he might wear longer.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There he was with his tail cut off, because it was in the way, or to suit the taste of his owner; his mane trimmed, and his feet shod with iron that he might wear longer.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Is not the other end of the bridle in this case, too, coiled round his own neck?

thusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading What is it but a system of slavery? and do you not thus by _insensible_ and unimportant degrees come to human slavery?

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading There he was with his tail cut off, because it was in the way, or to suit the taste of his owner; his mane trimmed, and his feet shod with iron that he might wear longer.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading Is not the other end of the bridle in this case, too, coiled round his own neck?

trimmedadjectiveUS /trɪmd/

made neat and tidy by trimming

From this reading There he was with his tail cut off, because it was in the way, or to suit the taste of his owner; his mane trimmed, and his feet shod with iron that he might wear longer.

unimportantadjectiveUS /ənɪmˈpɔːrtənt/

not important

From this reading What is it but a system of slavery? and do you not thus by _insensible_ and unimportant degrees come to human slavery?

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading There he was with his tail cut off, because it was in the way, or to suit the taste of his owner; his mane trimmed, and his feet shod with iron that he might wear longer.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading There he was with his tail cut off, because it was in the way, or to suit the taste of his owner; his mane trimmed, and his feet shod with iron that he might wear longer.

wearverbUS /wer/

be dressed in

From this reading There he was with his tail cut off, because it was in the way, or to suit the taste of his owner; his mane trimmed, and his feet shod with iron that he might wear longer.

WhatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading What is a horse but an animal that has lost its liberty?

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading There he was with his tail cut off, because it was in the way, or to suit the taste of his owner; his mane trimmed, and his feet shod with iron that he might wear longer.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading What is it but a system of slavery? and do you not thus by _insensible_ and unimportant degrees come to human slavery?

Chapter 16 of Journal 02, 1850-September 15, 1851 — Volume 08 by Henry David Thoreau holds 414 sentences, grouped into 83 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 16 of Journal 02, 1850-September 15, 1851 — Volume 08 contain?

Chapter 16 holds 414 sentences of Journal 02, 1850-September 15, 1851 — Volume 08, unabridged, divided into 83 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 16 of Journal 02, 1850-September 15, 1851 — Volume 08 by Henry David Thoreau exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 414 sentences, grouped into 83 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 16 of Journal 02, 1850-September 15, 1851 — Volume 08?

Work through the 83 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 83 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 16 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 16 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Journal 02, 1850-September 15, 1851 — Volume 08

Common questions about reading Journal 02, 1850-September 15, 1851 — Volume 08 by Henry David Thoreau on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Journal 02, 1850-September 15, 1851 — Volume 08?

Yes. All 6940 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #59031 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Journal 02, 1850-September 15, 1851 — Volume 08 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #59031, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Journal 02, 1850-September 15, 1851 — Volume 08 take to read?

About 578 minutes of reading across 1388 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Journal 02, 1850-September 15, 1851 — Volume 08 section by section

How to work through Journal 02, 1850-September 15, 1851 — Volume 08 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 17 chapters of Journal 02, 1850-September 15, 1851 — Volume 08 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Journal 02, 1850-September 15, 1851 — Volume 08

Words and structures a reader meets early in Journal 02, 1850-September 15, 1851 — Volume 08, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Inconsistent
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Journal 02, 1850-September 15, 1851 — Volume 08; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Hyphenation
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Journal 02, 1850-September 15, 1851 — Volume 08; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Spelling
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Journal 02, 1850-September 15, 1851 — Volume 08; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Original
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Journal 02, 1850-September 15, 1851 — Volume 08; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.