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Jupiter Lights
Jupiter Lights

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Jupiter Lights is here in full — 420 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Jupiter Lights
Context Illustration Reading 1/84 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Miss Polly arrived at Cousin Sarah Cray's; she walked with apparent carelessness round towards the stables, where the judge was superintending the rubbing down and the feeding of the horse.
A saddle had been brought out, and was hanging on the fence; Cousin Sarah hovered anxiously near.
"Grandpa is going out for a ride," explained Cicely.
"But I told him that the poor horse must be fed first, in common charity; he has been so far already--to Bellington and back."
"Oh, but the judge is not going, now that I have come," said Miss Polly; "he wouldn't be so uncivil."
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Jupiter Lights

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Jupiter Lights is here in full — 420 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/84 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Miss Polly arrived at Cousin Sarah Cray's; she walked with apparent carelessness round towards the stables, where the judge was superintending the rubbing down and the feeding of the horse.
Line 2
A saddle had been brought out, and was hanging on the fence; Cousin Sarah hovered anxiously near.
/ə ˈsædəl hæd bɪn brɔːt aʊt ənd wɑːz ˈhæŋɪŋ ɑːn ðə fens ˈkʌzən ˈserə ˈhʌvərd ˈæŋkʃəsli nɪr/
Line 3
"Grandpa is going out for a ride," explained Cicely.
Line 4
"But I told him that the poor horse must be fed first, in common charity; he has been so far already--to Bellington and back."
Line 5
"Oh, but the judge is not going, now that I have come," said Miss Polly; "he wouldn't be so uncivil."

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

carelessness noun US /ˈkerləsnəs/

the quality of not being careful or taking pains

From this reading “Miss Polly arrived at Cousin Sarah Cray's; she walked with apparent carelessness round towards the stables, where the judge was superintending the rubbing down and the feeding of the horse.”

feeding noun US /ˈfiːdɪŋ/

the act of consuming food

From this reading “Miss Polly arrived at Cousin Sarah Cray's; she walked with apparent carelessness round towards the stables, where the judge was superintending the rubbing down and the feeding of the horse.”

Grandpa noun US /ˈɡrændpɑː/

the father of your father or mother

From this reading “"Grandpa is going out for a ride," explained Cicely.”

hovered verb US /ˈhʌvərd/

past form of “hover” — be undecided about something; waver between conflicting positions or courses of action

From this reading “A saddle had been brought out, and was hanging on the fence; Cousin Sarah hovered anxiously near.”

rubbing noun US /ˈrʌbɪŋ/

the resistance encountered when one body is moved in contact with another

From this reading “Miss Polly arrived at Cousin Sarah Cray's; she walked with apparent carelessness round towards the stables, where the judge was superintending the rubbing down and the feeding of the horse.”

Sarah noun US /ˈserə/

(Old Testament) the wife of Abraham and mother of Isaac

From this reading “Miss Polly arrived at Cousin Sarah Cray's; she walked with apparent carelessness round towards the stables, where the judge was superintending the rubbing down and the feeding of the horse.”

stables noun US /ˈsteɪbəlz/

plural of “stable” — a farm building for housing horses or other livestock

From this reading “Miss Polly arrived at Cousin Sarah Cray's; she walked with apparent carelessness round towards the stables, where the judge was superintending the rubbing down and the feeding of the horse.”

uncivil adjective US /ənˈsɪvəl/

lacking civility or good manners

From this reading “"Oh, but the judge is not going, now that I have come," said Miss Polly; "he wouldn't be so uncivil."”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

arrived at verb + particle counted as “arrive at”

reach a destination, either real or abstract

In this reading “Miss Polly arrived at Cousin Sarah Cray's; she walked with apparent carelessness round towards the stables, where the judge was superintending the rubbing down and the feeding of the horse.”

brought out verb + adjective counted as “bring out”

make visible

In this reading “A saddle had been brought out, and was hanging on the fence; Cousin Sarah hovered anxiously near.”

All words in this reading · 74

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A saddle had been brought out, and was hanging on the fence; Cousin Sarah hovered anxiously near.

alreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading "But I told him that the poor horse must be fed first, in common charity; he has been so far already--to Bellington and back."

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Miss Polly arrived at Cousin Sarah Cray's; she walked with apparent carelessness round towards the stables, where the judge was superintending the rubbing down and the feeding of the horse.

anxiouslyadverbUS /ˈæŋkʃəsli/

with anxiety or apprehension

From this reading A saddle had been brought out, and was hanging on the fence; Cousin Sarah hovered anxiously near.

apparentadjectiveUS /əˈperənt/

clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment

From this reading Miss Polly arrived at Cousin Sarah Cray's; she walked with apparent carelessness round towards the stables, where the judge was superintending the rubbing down and the feeding of the horse.

arrivedverbUS /ərˈaɪvd/

past form of “arrive” — reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress

From this reading Miss Polly arrived at Cousin Sarah Cray's; she walked with apparent carelessness round towards the stables, where the judge was superintending the rubbing down and the feeding of the horse.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Miss Polly arrived at Cousin Sarah Cray's; she walked with apparent carelessness round towards the stables, where the judge was superintending the rubbing down and the feeding of the horse.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading "But I told him that the poor horse must be fed first, in common charity; he has been so far already--to Bellington and back."

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading "But I told him that the poor horse must be fed first, in common charity; he has been so far already--to Bellington and back."

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading A saddle had been brought out, and was hanging on the fence; Cousin Sarah hovered anxiously near.

Bellington

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "But I told him that the poor horse must be fed first, in common charity; he has been so far already--to Bellington and back."

broughtverbUS /brɔːt/

inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading A saddle had been brought out, and was hanging on the fence; Cousin Sarah hovered anxiously near.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading "But I told him that the poor horse must be fed first, in common charity; he has been so far already--to Bellington and back."

carelessnessnounUS /ˈkerləsnəs/

the quality of not being careful or taking pains

From this reading Miss Polly arrived at Cousin Sarah Cray's; she walked with apparent carelessness round towards the stables, where the judge was superintending the rubbing down and the feeding of the horse.

charitynounUS /ˈtʃerɪti/

a foundation created to promote the public good (not for assistance to any particular individuals)

From this reading "But I told him that the poor horse must be fed first, in common charity; he has been so far already--to Bellington and back."

Cicely

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Grandpa is going out for a ride," explained Cicely.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading "Oh, but the judge is not going, now that I have come," said Miss Polly; "he wouldn't be so uncivil."

commonadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːmən/

belonging to or participated in by a community as a whole; public

From this reading "But I told him that the poor horse must be fed first, in common charity; he has been so far already--to Bellington and back."

CousinnounUS /ˈkʌzən/

the child of your aunt or uncle

From this reading Miss Polly arrived at Cousin Sarah Cray's; she walked with apparent carelessness round towards the stables, where the judge was superintending the rubbing down and the feeding of the horse.

Cray's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Miss Polly arrived at Cousin Sarah Cray's; she walked with apparent carelessness round towards the stables, where the judge was superintending the rubbing down and the feeding of the horse.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading Miss Polly arrived at Cousin Sarah Cray's; she walked with apparent carelessness round towards the stables, where the judge was superintending the rubbing down and the feeding of the horse.

explainedverbUS /ɪkˈspleɪnd/

past form of “explain” — make plain and comprehensible

From this reading "Grandpa is going out for a ride," explained Cicely.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading "But I told him that the poor horse must be fed first, in common charity; he has been so far already--to Bellington and back."

fednounUS /fed/

any federal law-enforcement officer

From this reading "But I told him that the poor horse must be fed first, in common charity; he has been so far already--to Bellington and back."

feedingnounUS /ˈfiːdɪŋ/

the act of consuming food

From this reading Miss Polly arrived at Cousin Sarah Cray's; she walked with apparent carelessness round towards the stables, where the judge was superintending the rubbing down and the feeding of the horse.

fenceverbUS /fens/

enclose with a fence

From this reading A saddle had been brought out, and was hanging on the fence; Cousin Sarah hovered anxiously near.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading "But I told him that the poor horse must be fed first, in common charity; he has been so far already--to Bellington and back."

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading "Grandpa is going out for a ride," explained Cicely.

goingnounUS /ˈɡoʊɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading "Grandpa is going out for a ride," explained Cicely.

GrandpanounUS /ˈɡrændpɑː/

the father of your father or mother

From this reading "Grandpa is going out for a ride," explained Cicely.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading A saddle had been brought out, and was hanging on the fence; Cousin Sarah hovered anxiously near.

hangingnounUS /ˈhæŋɪŋ/

decoration that is hung (as a tapestry) on a wall or over a window

From this reading A saddle had been brought out, and was hanging on the fence; Cousin Sarah hovered anxiously near.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "But I told him that the poor horse must be fed first, in common charity; he has been so far already--to Bellington and back."

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading "Oh, but the judge is not going, now that I have come," said Miss Polly; "he wouldn't be so uncivil."

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading "But I told him that the poor horse must be fed first, in common charity; he has been so far already--to Bellington and back."

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading "But I told him that the poor horse must be fed first, in common charity; he has been so far already--to Bellington and back."

horsenounUS /hɔːrs/

solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading Miss Polly arrived at Cousin Sarah Cray's; she walked with apparent carelessness round towards the stables, where the judge was superintending the rubbing down and the feeding of the horse.

hoveredverbUS /ˈhʌvərd/

past form of “hover” — be undecided about something; waver between conflicting positions or courses of action

From this reading A saddle had been brought out, and was hanging on the fence; Cousin Sarah hovered anxiously near.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading "But I told him that the poor horse must be fed first, in common charity; he has been so far already--to Bellington and back."

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading "But I told him that the poor horse must be fed first, in common charity; he has been so far already--to Bellington and back."

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "Grandpa is going out for a ride," explained Cicely.

judgeverbUS /dʒʌdʒ/

determine the result of (a competition)

From this reading Miss Polly arrived at Cousin Sarah Cray's; she walked with apparent carelessness round towards the stables, where the judge was superintending the rubbing down and the feeding of the horse.

MissverbUS /mɪs/

fail to perceive or to catch with the senses or the mind

From this reading Miss Polly arrived at Cousin Sarah Cray's; she walked with apparent carelessness round towards the stables, where the judge was superintending the rubbing down and the feeding of the horse.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading "But I told him that the poor horse must be fed first, in common charity; he has been so far already--to Bellington and back."

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading A saddle had been brought out, and was hanging on the fence; Cousin Sarah hovered anxiously near.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading "Oh, but the judge is not going, now that I have come," said Miss Polly; "he wouldn't be so uncivil."

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading "Oh, but the judge is not going, now that I have come," said Miss Polly; "he wouldn't be so uncivil."

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Miss Polly arrived at Cousin Sarah Cray's; she walked with apparent carelessness round towards the stables, where the judge was superintending the rubbing down and the feeding of the horse.

OhnounUS /oʊ/

a midwestern state in north central United States in the Great Lakes region

From this reading "Oh, but the judge is not going, now that I have come," said Miss Polly; "he wouldn't be so uncivil."

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading A saddle had been brought out, and was hanging on the fence; Cousin Sarah hovered anxiously near.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading A saddle had been brought out, and was hanging on the fence; Cousin Sarah hovered anxiously near.

Polly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Miss Polly arrived at Cousin Sarah Cray's; she walked with apparent carelessness round towards the stables, where the judge was superintending the rubbing down and the feeding of the horse.

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading "But I told him that the poor horse must be fed first, in common charity; he has been so far already--to Bellington and back."

rideverbUS /raɪd/

sit and travel on the back of animal, usually while controlling its motions

From this reading "Grandpa is going out for a ride," explained Cicely.

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading Miss Polly arrived at Cousin Sarah Cray's; she walked with apparent carelessness round towards the stables, where the judge was superintending the rubbing down and the feeding of the horse.

rubbingnounUS /ˈrʌbɪŋ/

the resistance encountered when one body is moved in contact with another

From this reading Miss Polly arrived at Cousin Sarah Cray's; she walked with apparent carelessness round towards the stables, where the judge was superintending the rubbing down and the feeding of the horse.

saddleverbUS /ˈsædəl/

put a saddle on

From this reading A saddle had been brought out, and was hanging on the fence; Cousin Sarah hovered anxiously near.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading "Oh, but the judge is not going, now that I have come," said Miss Polly; "he wouldn't be so uncivil."

SarahnounUS /ˈserə/

(Old Testament) the wife of Abraham and mother of Isaac

From this reading Miss Polly arrived at Cousin Sarah Cray's; she walked with apparent carelessness round towards the stables, where the judge was superintending the rubbing down and the feeding of the horse.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Miss Polly arrived at Cousin Sarah Cray's; she walked with apparent carelessness round towards the stables, where the judge was superintending the rubbing down and the feeding of the horse.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading "But I told him that the poor horse must be fed first, in common charity; he has been so far already--to Bellington and back."

stablesnounUS /ˈsteɪbəlz/

plural of “stable” — a farm building for housing horses or other livestock

From this reading Miss Polly arrived at Cousin Sarah Cray's; she walked with apparent carelessness round towards the stables, where the judge was superintending the rubbing down and the feeding of the horse.

superintending

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Miss Polly arrived at Cousin Sarah Cray's; she walked with apparent carelessness round towards the stables, where the judge was superintending the rubbing down and the feeding of the horse.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading "But I told him that the poor horse must be fed first, in common charity; he has been so far already--to Bellington and back."

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Miss Polly arrived at Cousin Sarah Cray's; she walked with apparent carelessness round towards the stables, where the judge was superintending the rubbing down and the feeding of the horse.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading "But I told him that the poor horse must be fed first, in common charity; he has been so far already--to Bellington and back."

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading "But I told him that the poor horse must be fed first, in common charity; he has been so far already--to Bellington and back."

towardsprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrdz/

in the direction of

From this reading Miss Polly arrived at Cousin Sarah Cray's; she walked with apparent carelessness round towards the stables, where the judge was superintending the rubbing down and the feeding of the horse.

unciviladjectiveUS /ənˈsɪvəl/

lacking civility or good manners

From this reading "Oh, but the judge is not going, now that I have come," said Miss Polly; "he wouldn't be so uncivil."

walkedverbUS /wɔːkt/

past form of “walk” — use one's feet to advance; advance by steps

From this reading Miss Polly arrived at Cousin Sarah Cray's; she walked with apparent carelessness round towards the stables, where the judge was superintending the rubbing down and the feeding of the horse.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Miss Polly arrived at Cousin Sarah Cray's; she walked with apparent carelessness round towards the stables, where the judge was superintending the rubbing down and the feeding of the horse.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading Miss Polly arrived at Cousin Sarah Cray's; she walked with apparent carelessness round towards the stables, where the judge was superintending the rubbing down and the feeding of the horse.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Miss Polly arrived at Cousin Sarah Cray's; she walked with apparent carelessness round towards the stables, where the judge was superintending the rubbing down and the feeding of the horse.

wouldn't

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Oh, but the judge is not going, now that I have come," said Miss Polly; "he wouldn't be so uncivil."

Chapter 4 of Jupiter Lights by Constance Fenimore Woolson holds 420 sentences, grouped into 84 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Jupiter Lights contain?

Chapter 4 holds 420 sentences of Jupiter Lights, unabridged, divided into 84 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Jupiter Lights by Constance Fenimore Woolson exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 420 sentences, grouped into 84 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Jupiter Lights?

Work through the 84 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 84 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Jupiter Lights

Common questions about reading Jupiter Lights by Constance Fenimore Woolson on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Jupiter Lights?

Yes. All 6614 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #34282 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Jupiter Lights is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #34282, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Jupiter Lights take to read?

About 551 minutes of reading across 1323 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Jupiter Lights section by section

How to work through Jupiter Lights section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 16 chapters of Jupiter Lights to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Jupiter Lights

Words and structures a reader meets early in Jupiter Lights, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Jupiter Lights; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Angels
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Jupiter Lights; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Major
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Jupiter Lights; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Jupiter
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Jupiter Lights; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.