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Kobiety (Women): A Novel of Polish Life
Kobiety (Women): A Novel of Polish Life

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Kobiety (Women): A Novel of Polish Life is here in full — 428 sentences across 86 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Kobiety (Women): A Novel of Polish Life
Context Illustration Reading 1/85 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
She came in, drawing black gloves off her slender hands, greeted us with an unsmiling face, and at once called out to a waiter who was passing by:
“A glass of water!”
She drank the whole glass at one draught, and sat down at some distance from the table, with her head bent forward, and her hands clasped over her knees.
Owinski took a seat close beside her.
“Czolhanski,” he told us, “has only just got through his critique of the leading actress in to-night’s play.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Kobiety (Women): A Novel of Polish Life

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Kobiety (Women): A Novel of Polish Life is here in full — 428 sentences across 86 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/85 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
She came in, drawing black gloves off her slender hands, greeted us with an unsmiling face, and at once called out to a waiter who was passing by:
/ʃiː keɪm ɪn ˈdrɔːɪŋ blæk ɡlʌvz ɔːf hɜːr ˈslendər hændz ˈɡriːtəd ʌs wɪð æn ənˈsmaɪlɪŋ feɪs ənd æt wʌns kɔːld aʊt tuː ə ˈweɪtər huː wɑːz ˈpæsɪŋ baɪ/
Line 2
“A glass of water!”
/ə ɡlæs ʌv ˈwɔːtər/
Line 3
She drank the whole glass at one draught, and sat down at some distance from the table, with her head bent forward, and her hands clasped over her knees.
/ʃiː dræŋk ðə hoʊl ɡlæs æt wʌn dræft ənd sæt daʊn æt sʌm ˈdɪstəns frʌm ðə ˈteɪbəl wɪð hɜːr hed bent ˈfɔːrwərd ənd hɜːr hændz klæspt ˈoʊvər hɜːr niːz/
Line 4
Owinski took a seat close beside her.
Line 5
“Czolhanski,” he told us, “has only just got through his critique of the leading actress in to-night’s play.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

actress noun US /ˈæktrəs/

a female actor

From this reading ““Czolhanski,” he told us, “has only just got through his critique of the leading actress in to-night’s play.”

clasped verb US /klæspt/

past form of “clasp” — hold firmly and tightly

From this reading “She drank the whole glass at one draught, and sat down at some distance from the table, with her head bent forward, and her hands clasped over her knees.”

critique noun US /krəˈtiːk/

an essay or article that gives a critical evaluation (as of a book or play)

From this reading ““Czolhanski,” he told us, “has only just got through his critique of the leading actress in to-night’s play.”

draught noun US /dræft/

a serving of drink (usually alcoholic) drawn from a keg

From this reading “She drank the whole glass at one draught, and sat down at some distance from the table, with her head bent forward, and her hands clasped over her knees.”

gloves noun US /ɡlʌvz/

plural of “glove” — the handwear used by fielders in playing baseball

From this reading “She came in, drawing black gloves off her slender hands, greeted us with an unsmiling face, and at once called out to a waiter who was passing by:”

greeted verb US /ˈɡriːtəd/

past form of “greet” — express greetings upon meeting someone

From this reading “She came in, drawing black gloves off her slender hands, greeted us with an unsmiling face, and at once called out to a waiter who was passing by:”

unsmiling adjective US /ənˈsmaɪlɪŋ/

not smiling

From this reading “She came in, drawing black gloves off her slender hands, greeted us with an unsmiling face, and at once called out to a waiter who was passing by:”

waiter noun US /ˈweɪtər/

a person whose occupation is to serve at table (as in a restaurant)

From this reading “She came in, drawing black gloves off her slender hands, greeted us with an unsmiling face, and at once called out to a waiter who was passing by:”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

at once preposition + adverb

without delay or hesitation; with no time intervening

In this reading “She came in, drawing black gloves off her slender hands, greeted us with an unsmiling face, and at once called out to a waiter who was passing by:”

some distance adjective + noun

In this reading “She drank the whole glass at one draught, and sat down at some distance from the table, with her head bent forward, and her hands clasped over her knees.”

head bent noun + noun

In this reading “She drank the whole glass at one draught, and sat down at some distance from the table, with her head bent forward, and her hands clasped over her knees.”

black gloves adjective + noun counted as “black glove”

In this reading “She came in, drawing black gloves off her slender hands, greeted us with an unsmiling face, and at once called out to a waiter who was passing by:”

took a seat verb + article + noun counted as “take … seat”

In this reading “Owinski took a seat close beside her.”

slender hands adjective + noun

In this reading “She came in, drawing black gloves off her slender hands, greeted us with an unsmiling face, and at once called out to a waiter who was passing by:”

called out verb + adjective counted as “call out”

utter aloud; often with surprise, horror, or joy

In this reading “She came in, drawing black gloves off her slender hands, greeted us with an unsmiling face, and at once called out to a waiter who was passing by:”

got through verb + particle counted as “get through”

finish a task completely

In this reading ““Czolhanski,” he told us, “has only just got through his critique of the leading actress in to-night’s play.”

All words in this reading · 67

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading She came in, drawing black gloves off her slender hands, greeted us with an unsmiling face, and at once called out to a waiter who was passing by:

actressnounUS /ˈæktrəs/

a female actor

From this reading “Czolhanski,” he told us, “has only just got through his critique of the leading actress in to-night’s play.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading She came in, drawing black gloves off her slender hands, greeted us with an unsmiling face, and at once called out to a waiter who was passing by:

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading She came in, drawing black gloves off her slender hands, greeted us with an unsmiling face, and at once called out to a waiter who was passing by:

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading She came in, drawing black gloves off her slender hands, greeted us with an unsmiling face, and at once called out to a waiter who was passing by:

bentnounUS /bent/

a relatively permanent inclination to react in a particular way

From this reading She drank the whole glass at one draught, and sat down at some distance from the table, with her head bent forward, and her hands clasped over her knees.

besideprepositionUS /bɪˈsaɪd/

next to; at the side of

From this reading Owinski took a seat close beside her.

blackadjectiveUS /blæk/

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading She came in, drawing black gloves off her slender hands, greeted us with an unsmiling face, and at once called out to a waiter who was passing by:

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading She came in, drawing black gloves off her slender hands, greeted us with an unsmiling face, and at once called out to a waiter who was passing by:

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading She came in, drawing black gloves off her slender hands, greeted us with an unsmiling face, and at once called out to a waiter who was passing by:

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading She came in, drawing black gloves off her slender hands, greeted us with an unsmiling face, and at once called out to a waiter who was passing by:

claspedverbUS /klæspt/

past form of “clasp” — hold firmly and tightly

From this reading She drank the whole glass at one draught, and sat down at some distance from the table, with her head bent forward, and her hands clasped over her knees.

closeadjectiveUS /kloʊs/

at or within a short distance in space or time or having elements near each other

From this reading Owinski took a seat close beside her.

critiquenounUS /krəˈtiːk/

an essay or article that gives a critical evaluation (as of a book or play)

From this reading “Czolhanski,” he told us, “has only just got through his critique of the leading actress in to-night’s play.

Czolhanski

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Czolhanski,” he told us, “has only just got through his critique of the leading actress in to-night’s play.

distancenounUS /ˈdɪstəns/

the property created by the space between two objects or points

From this reading She drank the whole glass at one draught, and sat down at some distance from the table, with her head bent forward, and her hands clasped over her knees.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading She drank the whole glass at one draught, and sat down at some distance from the table, with her head bent forward, and her hands clasped over her knees.

drankverbUS /dræŋk/

inflected form of “drink” — take in liquids

From this reading She drank the whole glass at one draught, and sat down at some distance from the table, with her head bent forward, and her hands clasped over her knees.

draughtnounUS /dræft/

a serving of drink (usually alcoholic) drawn from a keg

From this reading She drank the whole glass at one draught, and sat down at some distance from the table, with her head bent forward, and her hands clasped over her knees.

drawingnounUS /ˈdrɔːɪŋ/

an illustration that is drawn by hand and published in a book, magazine, or newspaper

From this reading She came in, drawing black gloves off her slender hands, greeted us with an unsmiling face, and at once called out to a waiter who was passing by:

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading She came in, drawing black gloves off her slender hands, greeted us with an unsmiling face, and at once called out to a waiter who was passing by:

forwardadverbUS /ˈfɔːrwərd/

at or to or toward the front

From this reading She drank the whole glass at one draught, and sat down at some distance from the table, with her head bent forward, and her hands clasped over her knees.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading She drank the whole glass at one draught, and sat down at some distance from the table, with her head bent forward, and her hands clasped over her knees.

glassnounUS /ɡlæs/

a brittle transparent solid with irregular atomic structure

From this reading “A glass of water!”

glovesnounUS /ɡlʌvz/

plural of “glove” — the handwear used by fielders in playing baseball

From this reading She came in, drawing black gloves off her slender hands, greeted us with an unsmiling face, and at once called out to a waiter who was passing by:

gotverbUS /ɡɑːt/

inflected form of “get” — come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading “Czolhanski,” he told us, “has only just got through his critique of the leading actress in to-night’s play.

greetedverbUS /ˈɡriːtəd/

past form of “greet” — express greetings upon meeting someone

From this reading She came in, drawing black gloves off her slender hands, greeted us with an unsmiling face, and at once called out to a waiter who was passing by:

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading She came in, drawing black gloves off her slender hands, greeted us with an unsmiling face, and at once called out to a waiter who was passing by:

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “Czolhanski,” he told us, “has only just got through his critique of the leading actress in to-night’s play.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading “Czolhanski,” he told us, “has only just got through his critique of the leading actress in to-night’s play.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading She drank the whole glass at one draught, and sat down at some distance from the table, with her head bent forward, and her hands clasped over her knees.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading She came in, drawing black gloves off her slender hands, greeted us with an unsmiling face, and at once called out to a waiter who was passing by:

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading “Czolhanski,” he told us, “has only just got through his critique of the leading actress in to-night’s play.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading She came in, drawing black gloves off her slender hands, greeted us with an unsmiling face, and at once called out to a waiter who was passing by:

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading “Czolhanski,” he told us, “has only just got through his critique of the leading actress in to-night’s play.

kneesnounUS /niːz/

plural of “knee” — hinge joint in the human leg connecting the tibia and fibula with the femur and protected in front by the patella

From this reading She drank the whole glass at one draught, and sat down at some distance from the table, with her head bent forward, and her hands clasped over her knees.

leadingadjectiveUS /ˈliːdɪŋ/

indicating the most important performer or role

From this reading “Czolhanski,” he told us, “has only just got through his critique of the leading actress in to-night’s play.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading “A glass of water!”

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading She came in, drawing black gloves off her slender hands, greeted us with an unsmiling face, and at once called out to a waiter who was passing by:

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading She came in, drawing black gloves off her slender hands, greeted us with an unsmiling face, and at once called out to a waiter who was passing by:

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading She drank the whole glass at one draught, and sat down at some distance from the table, with her head bent forward, and her hands clasped over her knees.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading “Czolhanski,” he told us, “has only just got through his critique of the leading actress in to-night’s play.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading She came in, drawing black gloves off her slender hands, greeted us with an unsmiling face, and at once called out to a waiter who was passing by:

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading She drank the whole glass at one draught, and sat down at some distance from the table, with her head bent forward, and her hands clasped over her knees.

Owinski

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Owinski took a seat close beside her.

passingnounUS /ˈpæsɪŋ/

(American football) a play that involves one player throwing the ball to a teammate

From this reading She came in, drawing black gloves off her slender hands, greeted us with an unsmiling face, and at once called out to a waiter who was passing by:

playverbUS /pleɪ/

participate in games or sport

From this reading “Czolhanski,” he told us, “has only just got through his critique of the leading actress in to-night’s play.

satnounUS /sæt/

the seventh and last day of the week; observed as the Sabbath by Jews and some Christians

From this reading She drank the whole glass at one draught, and sat down at some distance from the table, with her head bent forward, and her hands clasped over her knees.

seatnounUS /siːt/

a space reserved for sitting (as in a theater or on a train or airplane)

From this reading Owinski took a seat close beside her.

ShepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading She came in, drawing black gloves off her slender hands, greeted us with an unsmiling face, and at once called out to a waiter who was passing by:

slenderadjectiveUS /ˈslendər/

being of delicate or slender build

From this reading She came in, drawing black gloves off her slender hands, greeted us with an unsmiling face, and at once called out to a waiter who was passing by:

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading She drank the whole glass at one draught, and sat down at some distance from the table, with her head bent forward, and her hands clasped over her knees.

tablenounUS /ˈteɪbəl/

a set of data arranged in rows and columns

From this reading She drank the whole glass at one draught, and sat down at some distance from the table, with her head bent forward, and her hands clasped over her knees.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading She drank the whole glass at one draught, and sat down at some distance from the table, with her head bent forward, and her hands clasped over her knees.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading “Czolhanski,” he told us, “has only just got through his critique of the leading actress in to-night’s play.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading She came in, drawing black gloves off her slender hands, greeted us with an unsmiling face, and at once called out to a waiter who was passing by:

to-night's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Czolhanski,” he told us, “has only just got through his critique of the leading actress in to-night’s play.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading “Czolhanski,” he told us, “has only just got through his critique of the leading actress in to-night’s play.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading Owinski took a seat close beside her.

unsmilingadjectiveUS /ənˈsmaɪlɪŋ/

not smiling

From this reading She came in, drawing black gloves off her slender hands, greeted us with an unsmiling face, and at once called out to a waiter who was passing by:

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading She came in, drawing black gloves off her slender hands, greeted us with an unsmiling face, and at once called out to a waiter who was passing by:

waiternounUS /ˈweɪtər/

a person whose occupation is to serve at table (as in a restaurant)

From this reading She came in, drawing black gloves off her slender hands, greeted us with an unsmiling face, and at once called out to a waiter who was passing by:

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading She came in, drawing black gloves off her slender hands, greeted us with an unsmiling face, and at once called out to a waiter who was passing by:

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading “A glass of water!”

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading She came in, drawing black gloves off her slender hands, greeted us with an unsmiling face, and at once called out to a waiter who was passing by:

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading She drank the whole glass at one draught, and sat down at some distance from the table, with her head bent forward, and her hands clasped over her knees.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading She came in, drawing black gloves off her slender hands, greeted us with an unsmiling face, and at once called out to a waiter who was passing by:

Chapter 4 of Kobiety (Women): A Novel of Polish Life by Zofia Nałkowska holds 428 sentences, grouped into 86 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Kobiety (Women): A Novel of Polish Life contain?

Chapter 4 holds 428 sentences of Kobiety (Women): A Novel of Polish Life, unabridged, divided into 86 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Kobiety (Women): A Novel of Polish Life by Zofia Nałkowska exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 428 sentences, grouped into 86 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Kobiety (Women): A Novel of Polish Life?

Work through the 86 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 86 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Kobiety (Women): A Novel of Polish Life

Common questions about reading Kobiety (Women): A Novel of Polish Life by Zofia Nałkowska on this page, its source edition and its audio.

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Yes. All 3830 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #61618 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #61618, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Kobiety (Women): A Novel of Polish Life take to read?

About 319 minutes of reading across 766 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Kobiety (Women): A Novel of Polish Life

Words and structures a reader meets early in Kobiety (Women): A Novel of Polish Life, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Https
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Kobiety (Women): A Novel of Polish Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Translated
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Kobiety (Women): A Novel of Polish Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Polish
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Kobiety (Women): A Novel of Polish Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Michael
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Kobiety (Women): A Novel of Polish Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.