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Kobiety (Women): A Novel of Polish Life
Kobiety (Women): A Novel of Polish Life

Chapter V

Chapter 5 of Kobiety (Women): A Novel of Polish Life is here in full — 422 sentences across 85 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/84 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
My nostrils inhale that peculiar scent of bare moist earth, and the effluvium from the buds as yet invisible; and I muse upon those incomparable and marvellously beautiful things that have never been realized.
On the yellow background of dry dead grass, there appeared in the distance a young man to whom, as to myself, loneliness was no doubt pleasant, and who enjoyed walking along the avenues oversprinkled with last year’s fallen leaves.
He came up with me, and on passing by, looked keenly into my eyes, and with something of astonishment.
I did not return his glance, but walked more slowly, so as to lag behind him.
The young man stopped presently, and waited until I came up; then he passed by me again with a protracted stare.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Kobiety (Women): A Novel of Polish Life

Chapter V

Chapter 5 of Kobiety (Women): A Novel of Polish Life is here in full — 422 sentences across 85 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/84 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
My nostrils inhale that peculiar scent of bare moist earth, and the effluvium from the buds as yet invisible; and I muse upon those incomparable and marvellously beautiful things that have never been realized.
Line 2
On the yellow background of dry dead grass, there appeared in the distance a young man to whom, as to myself, loneliness was no doubt pleasant, and who enjoyed walking along the avenues oversprinkled with last year’s fallen leaves.
Line 3
He came up with me, and on passing by, looked keenly into my eyes, and with something of astonishment.
/hiː keɪm ʌp wɪð miː ənd ɑːn ˈpæsɪŋ baɪ lʊkt ˈkiːnli ˈɪntuː maɪ aɪz ənd wɪð ˈsʌmθɪŋ ʌv əˈstɑːnɪʃmənt/
Line 4
I did not return his glance, but walked more slowly, so as to lag behind him.
/aɪ dɪd nɑːt rɪˈtɜːrn hɪz ɡlæns bʌt wɔːkt mɔːr ˈsloʊli soʊ æz tuː læɡ bɪˈhaɪnd hɪm/
Line 5
The young man stopped presently, and waited until I came up; then he passed by me again with a protracted stare.
/ðə jʌŋ mæn stɑːpt ˈprezəntli ənd ˈweɪtɪd ənˈtɪl aɪ keɪm ʌp ðen hiː pæst baɪ miː əˈɡen wɪð ə proʊˈtræktɪd ster/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

avenues noun US /ˈævənuːz/

plural of “avenue” — a line of approach

From this reading “On the yellow background of dry dead grass, there appeared in the distance a young man to whom, as to myself, loneliness was no doubt pleasant, and who enjoyed walking along the avenues oversprinkled with last year’s fallen leaves.”

buds noun US /bʌdz/

plural of “bud” — a partially opened flower

From this reading “My nostrils inhale that peculiar scent of bare moist earth, and the effluvium from the buds as yet invisible; and I muse upon those incomparable and marvellously beautiful things that have never been realized.”

incomparable adjective US /ˌɪnˈkɑːmpərəbəl/

such that comparison is impossible; unsuitable for comparison or lacking features that can be compared

From this reading “My nostrils inhale that peculiar scent of bare moist earth, and the effluvium from the buds as yet invisible; and I muse upon those incomparable and marvellously beautiful things that have never been realized.”

inhale verb US /ˌɪnˈheɪl/

draw deep into the lungs in by breathing

From this reading “My nostrils inhale that peculiar scent of bare moist earth, and the effluvium from the buds as yet invisible; and I muse upon those incomparable and marvellously beautiful things that have never been realized.”

lag verb US /læɡ/

hang (back) or fall (behind) in movement, progress, development, etc.

From this reading “I did not return his glance, but walked more slowly, so as to lag behind him.”

muse noun US /mjuːz/

in ancient Greek mythology any of 9 daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne; protector of an art or science

From this reading “My nostrils inhale that peculiar scent of bare moist earth, and the effluvium from the buds as yet invisible; and I muse upon those incomparable and marvellously beautiful things that have never been realized.”

protracted adjective US /proʊˈtræktɪd/

relatively long in duration; tediously protracted

From this reading “The young man stopped presently, and waited until I came up; then he passed by me again with a protracted stare.”

year's noun US /jɪrz/

possessive form of “year” — a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

moist earth adjective + noun

In this reading “My nostrils inhale that peculiar scent of bare moist earth, and the effluvium from the buds as yet invisible; and I muse upon those incomparable and marvellously beautiful things that have never been realized.”

waited until verb + particle counted as “wait until”

In this reading “The young man stopped presently, and waited until I came up; then he passed by me again with a protracted stare.”

young man adjective + noun

a teenager or a young adult male

In this reading “On the yellow background of dry dead grass, there appeared in the distance a young man to whom, as to myself, loneliness was no doubt pleasant, and who enjoyed walking along the avenues oversprinkled with last year’s fallen leaves.”

fallen leaves adjective + noun counted as “fallen leaf”

In this reading “On the yellow background of dry dead grass, there appeared in the distance a young man to whom, as to myself, loneliness was no doubt pleasant, and who enjoyed walking along the avenues oversprinkled with last year’s fallen leaves.”

along the avenues preposition + article + noun counted as “along … avenue”

In this reading “On the yellow background of dry dead grass, there appeared in the distance a young man to whom, as to myself, loneliness was no doubt pleasant, and who enjoyed walking along the avenues oversprinkled with last year’s fallen leaves.”

looked keenly verb + particle counted as “look keenly”

In this reading “He came up with me, and on passing by, looked keenly into my eyes, and with something of astonishment.”

beautiful things adjective + noun

In this reading “My nostrils inhale that peculiar scent of bare moist earth, and the effluvium from the buds as yet invisible; and I muse upon those incomparable and marvellously beautiful things that have never been realized.”

came up verb + adjective counted as “come up”

bring forth, usually something desirable

In this reading “He came up with me, and on passing by, looked keenly into my eyes, and with something of astonishment.”

All words in this reading · 96

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading On the yellow background of dry dead grass, there appeared in the distance a young man to whom, as to myself, loneliness was no doubt pleasant, and who enjoyed walking along the avenues oversprinkled with last year’s fallen leaves.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading The young man stopped presently, and waited until I came up; then he passed by me again with a protracted stare.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading On the yellow background of dry dead grass, there appeared in the distance a young man to whom, as to myself, loneliness was no doubt pleasant, and who enjoyed walking along the avenues oversprinkled with last year’s fallen leaves.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading My nostrils inhale that peculiar scent of bare moist earth, and the effluvium from the buds as yet invisible; and I muse upon those incomparable and marvellously beautiful things that have never been realized.

appearedverbUS /əˈpɪrd/

past form of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading On the yellow background of dry dead grass, there appeared in the distance a young man to whom, as to myself, loneliness was no doubt pleasant, and who enjoyed walking along the avenues oversprinkled with last year’s fallen leaves.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading My nostrils inhale that peculiar scent of bare moist earth, and the effluvium from the buds as yet invisible; and I muse upon those incomparable and marvellously beautiful things that have never been realized.

astonishmentnounUS /əˈstɑːnɪʃmənt/

the feeling that accompanies something extremely surprising

From this reading He came up with me, and on passing by, looked keenly into my eyes, and with something of astonishment.

avenuesnounUS /ˈævənuːz/

plural of “avenue” — a line of approach

From this reading On the yellow background of dry dead grass, there appeared in the distance a young man to whom, as to myself, loneliness was no doubt pleasant, and who enjoyed walking along the avenues oversprinkled with last year’s fallen leaves.

backgroundnounUS /ˈbækɡraʊnd/

a person's social heritage: previous experience or training

From this reading On the yellow background of dry dead grass, there appeared in the distance a young man to whom, as to myself, loneliness was no doubt pleasant, and who enjoyed walking along the avenues oversprinkled with last year’s fallen leaves.

bareadjectiveUS /ber/

completely unclothed

From this reading My nostrils inhale that peculiar scent of bare moist earth, and the effluvium from the buds as yet invisible; and I muse upon those incomparable and marvellously beautiful things that have never been realized.

beautifuladjectiveUS /ˈbjuːtəfəl/

delighting the senses or exciting intellectual or emotional admiration

From this reading My nostrils inhale that peculiar scent of bare moist earth, and the effluvium from the buds as yet invisible; and I muse upon those incomparable and marvellously beautiful things that have never been realized.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading My nostrils inhale that peculiar scent of bare moist earth, and the effluvium from the buds as yet invisible; and I muse upon those incomparable and marvellously beautiful things that have never been realized.

behindprepositionUS /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading I did not return his glance, but walked more slowly, so as to lag behind him.

budsnounUS /bʌdz/

plural of “bud” — a partially opened flower

From this reading My nostrils inhale that peculiar scent of bare moist earth, and the effluvium from the buds as yet invisible; and I muse upon those incomparable and marvellously beautiful things that have never been realized.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading I did not return his glance, but walked more slowly, so as to lag behind him.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading He came up with me, and on passing by, looked keenly into my eyes, and with something of astonishment.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading He came up with me, and on passing by, looked keenly into my eyes, and with something of astonishment.

deadadjectiveUS /ded/

no longer having or seeming to have or expecting to have life

From this reading On the yellow background of dry dead grass, there appeared in the distance a young man to whom, as to myself, loneliness was no doubt pleasant, and who enjoyed walking along the avenues oversprinkled with last year’s fallen leaves.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading I did not return his glance, but walked more slowly, so as to lag behind him.

distancenounUS /ˈdɪstəns/

the property created by the space between two objects or points

From this reading On the yellow background of dry dead grass, there appeared in the distance a young man to whom, as to myself, loneliness was no doubt pleasant, and who enjoyed walking along the avenues oversprinkled with last year’s fallen leaves.

doubtnounUS /daʊt/

the state of being unsure of something

From this reading On the yellow background of dry dead grass, there appeared in the distance a young man to whom, as to myself, loneliness was no doubt pleasant, and who enjoyed walking along the avenues oversprinkled with last year’s fallen leaves.

dryadjectiveUS /draɪ/

free from liquid or moisture; lacking natural or normal moisture or depleted of water; or no longer wet

From this reading On the yellow background of dry dead grass, there appeared in the distance a young man to whom, as to myself, loneliness was no doubt pleasant, and who enjoyed walking along the avenues oversprinkled with last year’s fallen leaves.

earthnounUS /ɜːrθ/

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading My nostrils inhale that peculiar scent of bare moist earth, and the effluvium from the buds as yet invisible; and I muse upon those incomparable and marvellously beautiful things that have never been realized.

effluviumnoun

a foul-smelling outflow or vapor (especially a gaseous waste)

From this reading My nostrils inhale that peculiar scent of bare moist earth, and the effluvium from the buds as yet invisible; and I muse upon those incomparable and marvellously beautiful things that have never been realized.

enjoyedverbUS /ˌenˈdʒɔɪd/

past form of “enjoy” — derive or receive pleasure from; get enjoyment from; take pleasure in

From this reading On the yellow background of dry dead grass, there appeared in the distance a young man to whom, as to myself, loneliness was no doubt pleasant, and who enjoyed walking along the avenues oversprinkled with last year’s fallen leaves.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading He came up with me, and on passing by, looked keenly into my eyes, and with something of astonishment.

fallenadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːlən/

having dropped by the force of gravity

From this reading On the yellow background of dry dead grass, there appeared in the distance a young man to whom, as to myself, loneliness was no doubt pleasant, and who enjoyed walking along the avenues oversprinkled with last year’s fallen leaves.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading My nostrils inhale that peculiar scent of bare moist earth, and the effluvium from the buds as yet invisible; and I muse upon those incomparable and marvellously beautiful things that have never been realized.

glanceverbUS /ɡlæns/

throw a glance at; take a brief look at

From this reading I did not return his glance, but walked more slowly, so as to lag behind him.

grassverbUS /ɡræs/

shoot down, of birds

From this reading On the yellow background of dry dead grass, there appeared in the distance a young man to whom, as to myself, loneliness was no doubt pleasant, and who enjoyed walking along the avenues oversprinkled with last year’s fallen leaves.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading My nostrils inhale that peculiar scent of bare moist earth, and the effluvium from the buds as yet invisible; and I muse upon those incomparable and marvellously beautiful things that have never been realized.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He came up with me, and on passing by, looked keenly into my eyes, and with something of astonishment.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading I did not return his glance, but walked more slowly, so as to lag behind him.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading I did not return his glance, but walked more slowly, so as to lag behind him.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading My nostrils inhale that peculiar scent of bare moist earth, and the effluvium from the buds as yet invisible; and I muse upon those incomparable and marvellously beautiful things that have never been realized.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading On the yellow background of dry dead grass, there appeared in the distance a young man to whom, as to myself, loneliness was no doubt pleasant, and who enjoyed walking along the avenues oversprinkled with last year’s fallen leaves.

incomparableadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈkɑːmpərəbəl/

such that comparison is impossible; unsuitable for comparison or lacking features that can be compared

From this reading My nostrils inhale that peculiar scent of bare moist earth, and the effluvium from the buds as yet invisible; and I muse upon those incomparable and marvellously beautiful things that have never been realized.

inhaleverbUS /ˌɪnˈheɪl/

draw deep into the lungs in by breathing

From this reading My nostrils inhale that peculiar scent of bare moist earth, and the effluvium from the buds as yet invisible; and I muse upon those incomparable and marvellously beautiful things that have never been realized.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading He came up with me, and on passing by, looked keenly into my eyes, and with something of astonishment.

invisibleadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈvɪzəbəl/

impossible or nearly impossible to see; imperceptible by the eye

From this reading My nostrils inhale that peculiar scent of bare moist earth, and the effluvium from the buds as yet invisible; and I muse upon those incomparable and marvellously beautiful things that have never been realized.

keenlyadverbUS /ˈkiːnli/

in a keen or penetrating way

From this reading He came up with me, and on passing by, looked keenly into my eyes, and with something of astonishment.

lagverbUS /læɡ/

hang (back) or fall (behind) in movement, progress, development, etc.

From this reading I did not return his glance, but walked more slowly, so as to lag behind him.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading On the yellow background of dry dead grass, there appeared in the distance a young man to whom, as to myself, loneliness was no doubt pleasant, and who enjoyed walking along the avenues oversprinkled with last year’s fallen leaves.

leavesnounUS /liːvz/

plural of “leaf” — the main organ of photosynthesis and transpiration in higher plants

From this reading On the yellow background of dry dead grass, there appeared in the distance a young man to whom, as to myself, loneliness was no doubt pleasant, and who enjoyed walking along the avenues oversprinkled with last year’s fallen leaves.

lonelinessnounUS /ˈloʊnlinəs/

the state of being alone in solitary isolation

From this reading On the yellow background of dry dead grass, there appeared in the distance a young man to whom, as to myself, loneliness was no doubt pleasant, and who enjoyed walking along the avenues oversprinkled with last year’s fallen leaves.

lookedverbUS /lʊkt/

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading He came up with me, and on passing by, looked keenly into my eyes, and with something of astonishment.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading On the yellow background of dry dead grass, there appeared in the distance a young man to whom, as to myself, loneliness was no doubt pleasant, and who enjoyed walking along the avenues oversprinkled with last year’s fallen leaves.

marvellouslyadverb

(used as an intensifier) extremely well

From this reading My nostrils inhale that peculiar scent of bare moist earth, and the effluvium from the buds as yet invisible; and I muse upon those incomparable and marvellously beautiful things that have never been realized.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He came up with me, and on passing by, looked keenly into my eyes, and with something of astonishment.

moistadjectiveUS /mɔɪst/

slightly wet

From this reading My nostrils inhale that peculiar scent of bare moist earth, and the effluvium from the buds as yet invisible; and I muse upon those incomparable and marvellously beautiful things that have never been realized.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading I did not return his glance, but walked more slowly, so as to lag behind him.

musenounUS /mjuːz/

in ancient Greek mythology any of 9 daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne; protector of an art or science

From this reading My nostrils inhale that peculiar scent of bare moist earth, and the effluvium from the buds as yet invisible; and I muse upon those incomparable and marvellously beautiful things that have never been realized.

MydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading My nostrils inhale that peculiar scent of bare moist earth, and the effluvium from the buds as yet invisible; and I muse upon those incomparable and marvellously beautiful things that have never been realized.

myselfpronounUS /ˌmaɪˈself/

used when the speaker is also the object of the action

From this reading On the yellow background of dry dead grass, there appeared in the distance a young man to whom, as to myself, loneliness was no doubt pleasant, and who enjoyed walking along the avenues oversprinkled with last year’s fallen leaves.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading My nostrils inhale that peculiar scent of bare moist earth, and the effluvium from the buds as yet invisible; and I muse upon those incomparable and marvellously beautiful things that have never been realized.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading On the yellow background of dry dead grass, there appeared in the distance a young man to whom, as to myself, loneliness was no doubt pleasant, and who enjoyed walking along the avenues oversprinkled with last year’s fallen leaves.

nostrilsnounUS /ˈnɑːstrəlz/

plural of “nostril” — either one of the two external openings to the nasal cavity in the nose

From this reading My nostrils inhale that peculiar scent of bare moist earth, and the effluvium from the buds as yet invisible; and I muse upon those incomparable and marvellously beautiful things that have never been realized.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading I did not return his glance, but walked more slowly, so as to lag behind him.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading My nostrils inhale that peculiar scent of bare moist earth, and the effluvium from the buds as yet invisible; and I muse upon those incomparable and marvellously beautiful things that have never been realized.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On the yellow background of dry dead grass, there appeared in the distance a young man to whom, as to myself, loneliness was no doubt pleasant, and who enjoyed walking along the avenues oversprinkled with last year’s fallen leaves.

oversprinkled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the yellow background of dry dead grass, there appeared in the distance a young man to whom, as to myself, loneliness was no doubt pleasant, and who enjoyed walking along the avenues oversprinkled with last year’s fallen leaves.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading The young man stopped presently, and waited until I came up; then he passed by me again with a protracted stare.

passingnounUS /ˈpæsɪŋ/

(American football) a play that involves one player throwing the ball to a teammate

From this reading He came up with me, and on passing by, looked keenly into my eyes, and with something of astonishment.

peculiaradjectiveUS /pəˈkjuːljər/

beyond or deviating from the usual or expected

From this reading My nostrils inhale that peculiar scent of bare moist earth, and the effluvium from the buds as yet invisible; and I muse upon those incomparable and marvellously beautiful things that have never been realized.

pleasantadjectiveUS /ˈplezənt/

affording pleasure; being in harmony with your taste or likings

From this reading On the yellow background of dry dead grass, there appeared in the distance a young man to whom, as to myself, loneliness was no doubt pleasant, and who enjoyed walking along the avenues oversprinkled with last year’s fallen leaves.

presentlyadverbUS /ˈprezəntli/

in the near future

From this reading The young man stopped presently, and waited until I came up; then he passed by me again with a protracted stare.

protractedadjectiveUS /proʊˈtræktɪd/

relatively long in duration; tediously protracted

From this reading The young man stopped presently, and waited until I came up; then he passed by me again with a protracted stare.

realizedadjectiveUS /ˈriːəlaɪzd/

successfully completed or brought to an end

From this reading My nostrils inhale that peculiar scent of bare moist earth, and the effluvium from the buds as yet invisible; and I muse upon those incomparable and marvellously beautiful things that have never been realized.

returnverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrn/

go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading I did not return his glance, but walked more slowly, so as to lag behind him.

scentnounUS /sɛnt/

A distinctive smell or aroma.

From this reading My nostrils inhale that peculiar scent of bare moist earth, and the effluvium from the buds as yet invisible; and I muse upon those incomparable and marvellously beautiful things that have never been realized.

slowlyadverbUS /ˈsloʊli/

without speed (“slow” is sometimes used informally for “slowly”)

From this reading I did not return his glance, but walked more slowly, so as to lag behind him.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading I did not return his glance, but walked more slowly, so as to lag behind him.

somethingpronounUS /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading He came up with me, and on passing by, looked keenly into my eyes, and with something of astonishment.

stareverbUS /ster/

look at with fixed eyes

From this reading The young man stopped presently, and waited until I came up; then he passed by me again with a protracted stare.

stoppedadjectiveUS /stɑːpt/

(of a nose) blocked

From this reading The young man stopped presently, and waited until I came up; then he passed by me again with a protracted stare.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading My nostrils inhale that peculiar scent of bare moist earth, and the effluvium from the buds as yet invisible; and I muse upon those incomparable and marvellously beautiful things that have never been realized.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading My nostrils inhale that peculiar scent of bare moist earth, and the effluvium from the buds as yet invisible; and I muse upon those incomparable and marvellously beautiful things that have never been realized.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading The young man stopped presently, and waited until I came up; then he passed by me again with a protracted stare.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading On the yellow background of dry dead grass, there appeared in the distance a young man to whom, as to myself, loneliness was no doubt pleasant, and who enjoyed walking along the avenues oversprinkled with last year’s fallen leaves.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading My nostrils inhale that peculiar scent of bare moist earth, and the effluvium from the buds as yet invisible; and I muse upon those incomparable and marvellously beautiful things that have never been realized.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading My nostrils inhale that peculiar scent of bare moist earth, and the effluvium from the buds as yet invisible; and I muse upon those incomparable and marvellously beautiful things that have never been realized.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading On the yellow background of dry dead grass, there appeared in the distance a young man to whom, as to myself, loneliness was no doubt pleasant, and who enjoyed walking along the avenues oversprinkled with last year’s fallen leaves.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading The young man stopped presently, and waited until I came up; then he passed by me again with a protracted stare.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading He came up with me, and on passing by, looked keenly into my eyes, and with something of astonishment.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading My nostrils inhale that peculiar scent of bare moist earth, and the effluvium from the buds as yet invisible; and I muse upon those incomparable and marvellously beautiful things that have never been realized.

waitedverbUS /ˈweɪtɪd/

past form of “wait” — stay in one place and anticipate or expect something

From this reading The young man stopped presently, and waited until I came up; then he passed by me again with a protracted stare.

walkedverbUS /wɔːkt/

past form of “walk” — use one's feet to advance; advance by steps

From this reading I did not return his glance, but walked more slowly, so as to lag behind him.

walkingadjectiveUS /ˈwɔːkɪŋ/

close enough to be walked to

From this reading On the yellow background of dry dead grass, there appeared in the distance a young man to whom, as to myself, loneliness was no doubt pleasant, and who enjoyed walking along the avenues oversprinkled with last year’s fallen leaves.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading On the yellow background of dry dead grass, there appeared in the distance a young man to whom, as to myself, loneliness was no doubt pleasant, and who enjoyed walking along the avenues oversprinkled with last year’s fallen leaves.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading On the yellow background of dry dead grass, there appeared in the distance a young man to whom, as to myself, loneliness was no doubt pleasant, and who enjoyed walking along the avenues oversprinkled with last year’s fallen leaves.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading On the yellow background of dry dead grass, there appeared in the distance a young man to whom, as to myself, loneliness was no doubt pleasant, and who enjoyed walking along the avenues oversprinkled with last year’s fallen leaves.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading On the yellow background of dry dead grass, there appeared in the distance a young man to whom, as to myself, loneliness was no doubt pleasant, and who enjoyed walking along the avenues oversprinkled with last year’s fallen leaves.

year'snounUS /jɪrz/

possessive form of “year” — a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading On the yellow background of dry dead grass, there appeared in the distance a young man to whom, as to myself, loneliness was no doubt pleasant, and who enjoyed walking along the avenues oversprinkled with last year’s fallen leaves.

yellowadjectiveUS /ˈjeloʊ/

of the color intermediate between green and orange in the color spectrum; of something resembling the color of an egg yolk

From this reading On the yellow background of dry dead grass, there appeared in the distance a young man to whom, as to myself, loneliness was no doubt pleasant, and who enjoyed walking along the avenues oversprinkled with last year’s fallen leaves.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading My nostrils inhale that peculiar scent of bare moist earth, and the effluvium from the buds as yet invisible; and I muse upon those incomparable and marvellously beautiful things that have never been realized.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading On the yellow background of dry dead grass, there appeared in the distance a young man to whom, as to myself, loneliness was no doubt pleasant, and who enjoyed walking along the avenues oversprinkled with last year’s fallen leaves.

Chapter 5 of Kobiety (Women): A Novel of Polish Life by Zofia Nałkowska holds 422 sentences, grouped into 85 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 5 of Kobiety (Women): A Novel of Polish Life contain?

Chapter 5 holds 422 sentences of Kobiety (Women): A Novel of Polish Life, unabridged, divided into 85 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 5 of Kobiety (Women): A Novel of Polish Life by Zofia Nałkowska exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 422 sentences, grouped into 85 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 5 of Kobiety (Women): A Novel of Polish Life?

Work through the 85 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 85 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 5 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Kobiety (Women): A Novel of Polish Life

Common questions about reading Kobiety (Women): A Novel of Polish Life by Zofia Nałkowska on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Kobiety (Women): A Novel of Polish Life?

Yes. All 3830 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #61618 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #61618, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Kobiety (Women): A Novel of Polish Life take to read?

About 319 minutes of reading across 766 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Kobiety (Women): A Novel of Polish Life

Words and structures a reader meets early in Kobiety (Women): A Novel of Polish Life, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Https
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Kobiety (Women): A Novel of Polish Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Translated
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Kobiety (Women): A Novel of Polish Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Polish
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Kobiety (Women): A Novel of Polish Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Michael
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Kobiety (Women): A Novel of Polish Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.