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Lady Maclairn, the victim of villany
Lady Maclairn, the victim of villany

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Lady Maclairn, the victim of villany is here in full — 554 sentences across 111 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Lady Maclairn, the victim of villany
Context Illustration Reading 1/110 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
LADY MACLAIRN, THE _VICTIM OF VILLANY_.
A NOVEL.
IN FOUR VOLUMES.
AUTHOR OF LETITIA; THE UNEXPECTED LEGACY; THE HISTORY OF THE GRUETHORPE FAMILY; PALMERSTONE’S LETTERS, &c., &c.
VOL.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Lady Maclairn, the victim of villany

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Lady Maclairn, the victim of villany is here in full — 554 sentences across 111 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/110 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
LADY MACLAIRN, THE _VICTIM OF VILLANY_.
Line 2
A NOVEL.
/ə ˈnɑːvəl/
Line 3
IN FOUR VOLUMES.
/ɪn fɔːr ˈvɑːljuːmz/
Line 4
AUTHOR OF LETITIA; THE UNEXPECTED LEGACY; THE HISTORY OF THE GRUETHORPE FAMILY; PALMERSTONE’S LETTERS, &c., &c.
Line 5
VOL.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

author noun US /ˈɔːθər/

writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading “AUTHOR OF LETITIA; THE UNEXPECTED LEGACY; THE HISTORY OF THE GRUETHORPE FAMILY; PALMERSTONE’S LETTERS, &c., &c.”

history noun US /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading “AUTHOR OF LETITIA; THE UNEXPECTED LEGACY; THE HISTORY OF THE GRUETHORPE FAMILY; PALMERSTONE’S LETTERS, &c., &c.”

legacy noun US /ˈleɡəsi/

(law) a gift of personal property by will

From this reading “AUTHOR OF LETITIA; THE UNEXPECTED LEGACY; THE HISTORY OF THE GRUETHORPE FAMILY; PALMERSTONE’S LETTERS, &c., &c.”

letters noun US /ˈletərz/

the literary culture

From this reading “AUTHOR OF LETITIA; THE UNEXPECTED LEGACY; THE HISTORY OF THE GRUETHORPE FAMILY; PALMERSTONE’S LETTERS, &c., &c.”

novel noun US /ˈnɑːvəl/

an extended fictional work in prose; usually in the form of a story

From this reading “A NOVEL.”

unexpected adjective US /ˌʌnɪkˈspektɪd/

not expected or anticipated

From this reading “AUTHOR OF LETITIA; THE UNEXPECTED LEGACY; THE HISTORY OF THE GRUETHORPE FAMILY; PALMERSTONE’S LETTERS, &c., &c.”

victim noun US /ˈvɪktəm/

an unfortunate person who suffers from some adverse circumstance

volumes noun US /ˈvɑːljuːmz/

plural of “volume” — the amount of 3-dimensional space occupied by an object

From this reading “IN FOUR VOLUMES.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

FOUR VOLUMES noun + noun counted as “four volume”

In this reading “IN FOUR VOLUMES.”

All words in this reading · 22

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A NOVEL.

AUTHORnounUS /ˈɔːθər/

writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading AUTHOR OF LETITIA; THE UNEXPECTED LEGACY; THE HISTORY OF THE GRUETHORPE FAMILY; PALMERSTONE’S LETTERS, &c., &c.

cnounUS /siː/

a degree on the centigrade scale of temperature

From this reading AUTHOR OF LETITIA; THE UNEXPECTED LEGACY; THE HISTORY OF THE GRUETHORPE FAMILY; PALMERSTONE’S LETTERS, &c., &c.

FAMILYnounUS /ˈfæməli/

a social unit living together

From this reading AUTHOR OF LETITIA; THE UNEXPECTED LEGACY; THE HISTORY OF THE GRUETHORPE FAMILY; PALMERSTONE’S LETTERS, &c., &c.

FOURnounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading IN FOUR VOLUMES.

GRUETHORPE

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading AUTHOR OF LETITIA; THE UNEXPECTED LEGACY; THE HISTORY OF THE GRUETHORPE FAMILY; PALMERSTONE’S LETTERS, &c., &c.

HISTORYnounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading AUTHOR OF LETITIA; THE UNEXPECTED LEGACY; THE HISTORY OF THE GRUETHORPE FAMILY; PALMERSTONE’S LETTERS, &c., &c.

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading IN FOUR VOLUMES.

LADYnounUS /ˈleɪdi/

a polite name for any woman

From this reading LADY MACLAIRN, THE _VICTIM OF VILLANY_.

LEGACYnounUS /ˈleɡəsi/

(law) a gift of personal property by will

From this reading AUTHOR OF LETITIA; THE UNEXPECTED LEGACY; THE HISTORY OF THE GRUETHORPE FAMILY; PALMERSTONE’S LETTERS, &c., &c.

LETITIA

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading AUTHOR OF LETITIA; THE UNEXPECTED LEGACY; THE HISTORY OF THE GRUETHORPE FAMILY; PALMERSTONE’S LETTERS, &c., &c.

LETTERSnounUS /ˈletərz/

the literary culture

From this reading AUTHOR OF LETITIA; THE UNEXPECTED LEGACY; THE HISTORY OF THE GRUETHORPE FAMILY; PALMERSTONE’S LETTERS, &c., &c.

MACLAIRN

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading LADY MACLAIRN, THE _VICTIM OF VILLANY_.

NOVELnounUS /ˈnɑːvəl/

an extended fictional work in prose; usually in the form of a story

From this reading A NOVEL.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading LADY MACLAIRN, THE _VICTIM OF VILLANY_.

PALMERSTONE'S

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading AUTHOR OF LETITIA; THE UNEXPECTED LEGACY; THE HISTORY OF THE GRUETHORPE FAMILY; PALMERSTONE’S LETTERS, &c., &c.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading LADY MACLAIRN, THE _VICTIM OF VILLANY_.

UNEXPECTEDadjectiveUS /ˌʌnɪkˈspektɪd/

not expected or anticipated

From this reading AUTHOR OF LETITIA; THE UNEXPECTED LEGACY; THE HISTORY OF THE GRUETHORPE FAMILY; PALMERSTONE’S LETTERS, &c., &c.

VICTIMnounUS /ˈvɪktəm/

an unfortunate person who suffers from some adverse circumstance

From this reading LADY MACLAIRN, THE _VICTIM OF VILLANY_.

VILLANY

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading LADY MACLAIRN, THE _VICTIM OF VILLANY_.

VOL

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading VOL.

VOLUMESnounUS /ˈvɑːljuːmz/

plural of “volume” — the amount of 3-dimensional space occupied by an object

From this reading IN FOUR VOLUMES.

Chapter 1 of Lady Maclairn, the victim of villany by Mrs. (Rachel) Hunter holds 554 sentences, grouped into 111 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Lady Maclairn, the victim of villany contain?

Chapter 1 holds 554 sentences of Lady Maclairn, the victim of villany, unabridged, divided into 111 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Lady Maclairn, the victim of villany by Mrs. (Rachel) Hunter exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 554 sentences, grouped into 111 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Lady Maclairn, the victim of villany?

Work through the 111 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 111 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Lady Maclairn, the victim of villany

Words and structures a reader meets early in Lady Maclairn, the victim of villany, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
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Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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