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Last of the Incas: A Romance of the Pampas
Last of the Incas: A Romance of the Pampas

Chapter XXI

Chapter 21 of Last of the Incas: A Romance of the Pampas is here in full — 165 sentences across 33 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Last of the Incas: A Romance of the Pampas
Context Illustration Reading 1/33 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE TOLDO OF THE GREAT TOQUI.
Don Antonio Valverde, delighted at the succour the president of the Argentine Republic sent him, rode at a gallop by the side of the new colonel, Don Torribio.
They soon reached a barrier, guarded by a large body of gauchos and armed colonists.
"We must go out here," Don Torribio said to the governor, "but, as the night is dark, and we have one or two leagues to ride, it would be imprudent to venture alone upon a plain traversed by vagabond Indians."
"That is true," Don Antonio interrupted him.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Last of the Incas: A Romance of the Pampas

Chapter XXI

Chapter 21 of Last of the Incas: A Romance of the Pampas is here in full — 165 sentences across 33 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/33 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE TOLDO OF THE GREAT TOQUI.
Line 2
Don Antonio Valverde, delighted at the succour the president of the Argentine Republic sent him, rode at a gallop by the side of the new colonel, Don Torribio.
Line 3
They soon reached a barrier, guarded by a large body of gauchos and armed colonists.
/ðeɪ suːn riːtʃt ə ˈbæriər ˈɡɑːrdəd baɪ ə lɑːrdʒ ˈbɑːdi ʌv ˈɡaʊtʃoʊz ənd ɑːrmd ˈkɑːlənɪsts/
Line 4
"We must go out here," Don Torribio said to the governor, "but, as the night is dark, and we have one or two leagues to ride, it would be imprudent to venture alone upon a plain traversed by vagabond Indians."
Line 5
"That is true," Don Antonio interrupted him.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Argentine noun US /ˈɑːrdʒəntiːn/

any of various small silver-scaled salmon-like marine fishes

From this reading “Don Antonio Valverde, delighted at the succour the president of the Argentine Republic sent him, rode at a gallop by the side of the new colonel, Don Torribio.”

colonists noun US /ˈkɑːlənɪsts/

plural of “colonist” — a person who settles in a new colony or moves into new country

From this reading “They soon reached a barrier, guarded by a large body of gauchos and armed colonists.”

gallop verb US /ˈɡæləp/

ride at a galloping pace

From this reading “Don Antonio Valverde, delighted at the succour the president of the Argentine Republic sent him, rode at a gallop by the side of the new colonel, Don Torribio.”

gauchos noun US /ˈɡaʊtʃoʊz/

plural of “gaucho” — a cowboy of the South American pampas

From this reading “They soon reached a barrier, guarded by a large body of gauchos and armed colonists.”

imprudent adjective US /ˌɪmˈpruːdənt/

not prudent or wise

From this reading “"We must go out here," Don Torribio said to the governor, "but, as the night is dark, and we have one or two leagues to ride, it would be imprudent to venture alone upon a plain traversed by vagabond Indians."”

leagues noun US /liːɡz/

plural of “league” — an association of sports teams that organizes matches for its members

From this reading “"We must go out here," Don Torribio said to the governor, "but, as the night is dark, and we have one or two leagues to ride, it would be imprudent to venture alone upon a plain traversed by vagabond Indians."”

traversed verb US /ˈtrævərst/

past form of “traverse” — travel across or pass over

From this reading “"We must go out here," Don Torribio said to the governor, "but, as the night is dark, and we have one or two leagues to ride, it would be imprudent to venture alone upon a plain traversed by vagabond Indians."”

vagabond noun US /ˈvæɡəbɑːnd/

anything that resembles a vagabond in having no fixed place

From this reading “"We must go out here," Don Torribio said to the governor, "but, as the night is dark, and we have one or two leagues to ride, it would be imprudent to venture alone upon a plain traversed by vagabond Indians."”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

two leagues noun + noun counted as “two league”

In this reading “"We must go out here," Don Torribio said to the governor, "but, as the night is dark, and we have one or two leagues to ride, it would be imprudent to venture alone upon a plain traversed by vagabond Indians."”

large body adjective + noun

In this reading “They soon reached a barrier, guarded by a large body of gauchos and armed colonists.”

go out verb + adjective

move out of or depart from

In this reading “"We must go out here," Don Torribio said to the governor, "but, as the night is dark, and we have one or two leagues to ride, it would be imprudent to venture alone upon a plain traversed by vagabond Indians."”

by the side preposition + article + noun counted as “by … side”

In this reading “Don Antonio Valverde, delighted at the succour the president of the Argentine Republic sent him, rode at a gallop by the side of the new colonel, Don Torribio.”

All words in this reading · 68

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Don Antonio Valverde, delighted at the succour the president of the Argentine Republic sent him, rode at a gallop by the side of the new colonel, Don Torribio.

aloneadjectiveUS /əˈloʊn/

Having no one else present.

From this reading "We must go out here," Don Torribio said to the governor, "but, as the night is dark, and we have one or two leagues to ride, it would be imprudent to venture alone upon a plain traversed by vagabond Indians."

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading They soon reached a barrier, guarded by a large body of gauchos and armed colonists.

Antonio

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Don Antonio Valverde, delighted at the succour the president of the Argentine Republic sent him, rode at a gallop by the side of the new colonel, Don Torribio.

ArgentinenounUS /ˈɑːrdʒəntiːn/

any of various small silver-scaled salmon-like marine fishes

From this reading Don Antonio Valverde, delighted at the succour the president of the Argentine Republic sent him, rode at a gallop by the side of the new colonel, Don Torribio.

armedadjectiveUS /ɑːrmd/

(used of persons or the military) characterized by having or bearing arms

From this reading They soon reached a barrier, guarded by a large body of gauchos and armed colonists.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading "We must go out here," Don Torribio said to the governor, "but, as the night is dark, and we have one or two leagues to ride, it would be imprudent to venture alone upon a plain traversed by vagabond Indians."

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Don Antonio Valverde, delighted at the succour the president of the Argentine Republic sent him, rode at a gallop by the side of the new colonel, Don Torribio.

barriernounUS /ˈbæriər/

a structure or object that impedes free movement

From this reading They soon reached a barrier, guarded by a large body of gauchos and armed colonists.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading "We must go out here," Don Torribio said to the governor, "but, as the night is dark, and we have one or two leagues to ride, it would be imprudent to venture alone upon a plain traversed by vagabond Indians."

bodynounUS /ˈbɑːdi/

the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)

From this reading They soon reached a barrier, guarded by a large body of gauchos and armed colonists.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading "We must go out here," Don Torribio said to the governor, "but, as the night is dark, and we have one or two leagues to ride, it would be imprudent to venture alone upon a plain traversed by vagabond Indians."

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Don Antonio Valverde, delighted at the succour the president of the Argentine Republic sent him, rode at a gallop by the side of the new colonel, Don Torribio.

colonelnounUS /ˈkɜːrnəl/

a commissioned military officer in the United States Army or Air Force or Marines who ranks above a lieutenant colonel and below a brigadier general

From this reading Don Antonio Valverde, delighted at the succour the president of the Argentine Republic sent him, rode at a gallop by the side of the new colonel, Don Torribio.

colonistsnounUS /ˈkɑːlənɪsts/

plural of “colonist” — a person who settles in a new colony or moves into new country

From this reading They soon reached a barrier, guarded by a large body of gauchos and armed colonists.

darknounUS /dɑːrk/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading "We must go out here," Don Torribio said to the governor, "but, as the night is dark, and we have one or two leagues to ride, it would be imprudent to venture alone upon a plain traversed by vagabond Indians."

delightedadjectiveUS /dɪˈlaɪtəd/

greatly pleased

From this reading Don Antonio Valverde, delighted at the succour the president of the Argentine Republic sent him, rode at a gallop by the side of the new colonel, Don Torribio.

DonnounUS /dɑːn/

a Spanish gentleman or nobleman

From this reading Don Antonio Valverde, delighted at the succour the president of the Argentine Republic sent him, rode at a gallop by the side of the new colonel, Don Torribio.

gallopverbUS /ˈɡæləp/

ride at a galloping pace

From this reading Don Antonio Valverde, delighted at the succour the president of the Argentine Republic sent him, rode at a gallop by the side of the new colonel, Don Torribio.

gauchosnounUS /ˈɡaʊtʃoʊz/

plural of “gaucho” — a cowboy of the South American pampas

From this reading They soon reached a barrier, guarded by a large body of gauchos and armed colonists.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading "We must go out here," Don Torribio said to the governor, "but, as the night is dark, and we have one or two leagues to ride, it would be imprudent to venture alone upon a plain traversed by vagabond Indians."

governornounUS /ˈɡʌvərnər/

the head of a state government

From this reading "We must go out here," Don Torribio said to the governor, "but, as the night is dark, and we have one or two leagues to ride, it would be imprudent to venture alone upon a plain traversed by vagabond Indians."

GREATadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading THE TOLDO OF THE GREAT TOQUI.

guardedadjectiveUS /ˈɡɑːrdəd/

prudent

From this reading They soon reached a barrier, guarded by a large body of gauchos and armed colonists.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading "We must go out here," Don Torribio said to the governor, "but, as the night is dark, and we have one or two leagues to ride, it would be imprudent to venture alone upon a plain traversed by vagabond Indians."

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading "We must go out here," Don Torribio said to the governor, "but, as the night is dark, and we have one or two leagues to ride, it would be imprudent to venture alone upon a plain traversed by vagabond Indians."

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Don Antonio Valverde, delighted at the succour the president of the Argentine Republic sent him, rode at a gallop by the side of the new colonel, Don Torribio.

imprudentadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpruːdənt/

not prudent or wise

From this reading "We must go out here," Don Torribio said to the governor, "but, as the night is dark, and we have one or two leagues to ride, it would be imprudent to venture alone upon a plain traversed by vagabond Indians."

IndiansnounUS /ˈɪndiənz/

plural of “indian” — a native or inhabitant of India

From this reading "We must go out here," Don Torribio said to the governor, "but, as the night is dark, and we have one or two leagues to ride, it would be imprudent to venture alone upon a plain traversed by vagabond Indians."

interruptedadjectiveUS /ˌɪntərˈʌptɪd/

discontinued temporarily

From this reading "That is true," Don Antonio interrupted him.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "We must go out here," Don Torribio said to the governor, "but, as the night is dark, and we have one or two leagues to ride, it would be imprudent to venture alone upon a plain traversed by vagabond Indians."

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading "We must go out here," Don Torribio said to the governor, "but, as the night is dark, and we have one or two leagues to ride, it would be imprudent to venture alone upon a plain traversed by vagabond Indians."

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading They soon reached a barrier, guarded by a large body of gauchos and armed colonists.

leaguesnounUS /liːɡz/

plural of “league” — an association of sports teams that organizes matches for its members

From this reading "We must go out here," Don Torribio said to the governor, "but, as the night is dark, and we have one or two leagues to ride, it would be imprudent to venture alone upon a plain traversed by vagabond Indians."

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading "We must go out here," Don Torribio said to the governor, "but, as the night is dark, and we have one or two leagues to ride, it would be imprudent to venture alone upon a plain traversed by vagabond Indians."

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading Don Antonio Valverde, delighted at the succour the president of the Argentine Republic sent him, rode at a gallop by the side of the new colonel, Don Torribio.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading "We must go out here," Don Torribio said to the governor, "but, as the night is dark, and we have one or two leagues to ride, it would be imprudent to venture alone upon a plain traversed by vagabond Indians."

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE TOLDO OF THE GREAT TOQUI.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading "We must go out here," Don Torribio said to the governor, "but, as the night is dark, and we have one or two leagues to ride, it would be imprudent to venture alone upon a plain traversed by vagabond Indians."

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading "We must go out here," Don Torribio said to the governor, "but, as the night is dark, and we have one or two leagues to ride, it would be imprudent to venture alone upon a plain traversed by vagabond Indians."

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading "We must go out here," Don Torribio said to the governor, "but, as the night is dark, and we have one or two leagues to ride, it would be imprudent to venture alone upon a plain traversed by vagabond Indians."

plainadjectiveUS /pleɪn/

clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment

From this reading "We must go out here," Don Torribio said to the governor, "but, as the night is dark, and we have one or two leagues to ride, it would be imprudent to venture alone upon a plain traversed by vagabond Indians."

presidentnounUS /ˈprezədent/

an executive officer of a firm or corporation

From this reading Don Antonio Valverde, delighted at the succour the president of the Argentine Republic sent him, rode at a gallop by the side of the new colonel, Don Torribio.

reachedverbUS /riːtʃt/

past form of “reach” — reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading They soon reached a barrier, guarded by a large body of gauchos and armed colonists.

RepublicnounUS /riˈpʌblək/

a political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them

From this reading Don Antonio Valverde, delighted at the succour the president of the Argentine Republic sent him, rode at a gallop by the side of the new colonel, Don Torribio.

rideverbUS /raɪd/

sit and travel on the back of animal, usually while controlling its motions

From this reading "We must go out here," Don Torribio said to the governor, "but, as the night is dark, and we have one or two leagues to ride, it would be imprudent to venture alone upon a plain traversed by vagabond Indians."

rodeverbUS /roʊd/

inflected form of “ride” — sit and travel on the back of animal, usually while controlling its motions

From this reading Don Antonio Valverde, delighted at the succour the president of the Argentine Republic sent him, rode at a gallop by the side of the new colonel, Don Torribio.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading "We must go out here," Don Torribio said to the governor, "but, as the night is dark, and we have one or two leagues to ride, it would be imprudent to venture alone upon a plain traversed by vagabond Indians."

sentnounUS /sent/

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading Don Antonio Valverde, delighted at the succour the president of the Argentine Republic sent him, rode at a gallop by the side of the new colonel, Don Torribio.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading Don Antonio Valverde, delighted at the succour the president of the Argentine Republic sent him, rode at a gallop by the side of the new colonel, Don Torribio.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading They soon reached a barrier, guarded by a large body of gauchos and armed colonists.

succournoun

assistance in time of difficulty

From this reading Don Antonio Valverde, delighted at the succour the president of the Argentine Republic sent him, rode at a gallop by the side of the new colonel, Don Torribio.

ThatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading "That is true," Don Antonio interrupted him.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE TOLDO OF THE GREAT TOQUI.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They soon reached a barrier, guarded by a large body of gauchos and armed colonists.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading "We must go out here," Don Torribio said to the governor, "but, as the night is dark, and we have one or two leagues to ride, it would be imprudent to venture alone upon a plain traversed by vagabond Indians."

TOLDO

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE TOLDO OF THE GREAT TOQUI.

TOQUI

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE TOLDO OF THE GREAT TOQUI.

Torribio

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Don Antonio Valverde, delighted at the succour the president of the Argentine Republic sent him, rode at a gallop by the side of the new colonel, Don Torribio.

traversedverbUS /ˈtrævərst/

past form of “traverse” — travel across or pass over

From this reading "We must go out here," Don Torribio said to the governor, "but, as the night is dark, and we have one or two leagues to ride, it would be imprudent to venture alone upon a plain traversed by vagabond Indians."

trueadjectiveUS /truː/

consistent with fact or reality; not false

From this reading "That is true," Don Antonio interrupted him.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading "We must go out here," Don Torribio said to the governor, "but, as the night is dark, and we have one or two leagues to ride, it would be imprudent to venture alone upon a plain traversed by vagabond Indians."

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading "We must go out here," Don Torribio said to the governor, "but, as the night is dark, and we have one or two leagues to ride, it would be imprudent to venture alone upon a plain traversed by vagabond Indians."

vagabondnounUS /ˈvæɡəbɑːnd/

anything that resembles a vagabond in having no fixed place

From this reading "We must go out here," Don Torribio said to the governor, "but, as the night is dark, and we have one or two leagues to ride, it would be imprudent to venture alone upon a plain traversed by vagabond Indians."

Valverde

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Don Antonio Valverde, delighted at the succour the president of the Argentine Republic sent him, rode at a gallop by the side of the new colonel, Don Torribio.

venturenounUS /ˈventʃər/

any venturesome undertaking especially one with an uncertain outcome

From this reading "We must go out here," Don Torribio said to the governor, "but, as the night is dark, and we have one or two leagues to ride, it would be imprudent to venture alone upon a plain traversed by vagabond Indians."

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading "We must go out here," Don Torribio said to the governor, "but, as the night is dark, and we have one or two leagues to ride, it would be imprudent to venture alone upon a plain traversed by vagabond Indians."

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading "We must go out here," Don Torribio said to the governor, "but, as the night is dark, and we have one or two leagues to ride, it would be imprudent to venture alone upon a plain traversed by vagabond Indians."

Chapter 21 of Last of the Incas: A Romance of the Pampas by Gustave Aimard holds 165 sentences, grouped into 33 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 21 of Last of the Incas: A Romance of the Pampas contain?

Chapter 21 holds 165 sentences of Last of the Incas: A Romance of the Pampas, unabridged, divided into 33 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 21 of Last of the Incas: A Romance of the Pampas by Gustave Aimard exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 165 sentences, grouped into 33 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 21 of Last of the Incas: A Romance of the Pampas?

Work through the 33 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 33 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 21 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 21 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Yes. All 3757 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #44514 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #44514, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 313 minutes of reading across 752 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Last of the Incas: A Romance of the Pampas

Words and structures a reader meets early in Last of the Incas: A Romance of the Pampas, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Romance
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Last of the Incas: A Romance of the Pampas; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Pampas
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Last of the Incas: A Romance of the Pampas; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Slayer
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Last of the Incas: A Romance of the Pampas; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Seekers
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Last of the Incas: A Romance of the Pampas; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.