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Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
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Lavengro
Lavengro

Chapter XXXIII · Chapter 33

Chapter 33 of Lavengro is here in full — 59 sentences across 12 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Lavengro
Context Illustration Reading 1/11 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The Tanner--The Hotel--Drinking Claret--London Journal--New Field--Commonplaceness--The Three Individuals--Botheration--Frank and Ardent.
"'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?
Tanner!
I can't trace the connection between the man of bark and the silver coin, unless journeymen tanners are in the habit of working for sixpence a day.
But I have it," I continued, flourishing my hat over my head, "tanner, in this instance, is not an English word."
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Lavengro

Chapter XXXIII · Chapter 33

Chapter 33 of Lavengro is here in full — 59 sentences across 12 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/11 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The Tanner--The Hotel--Drinking Claret--London Journal--New Field--Commonplaceness--The Three Individuals--Botheration--Frank and Ardent.
Line 2
"'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?
Line 3
Tanner!
/ˈtænər/
Line 4
I can't trace the connection between the man of bark and the silver coin, unless journeymen tanners are in the habit of working for sixpence a day.
Line 5
But I have it," I continued, flourishing my hat over my head, "tanner, in this instance, is not an English word."
/bʌt aɪ hæv ɪt aɪ kənˈtɪnjuːd ˈflɜːrɪʃɪŋ maɪ hæt ˈoʊvər maɪ hed ˈtænər ɪn ðɪs ˈɪnstəns ɪz nɑːt æn ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ wɜːrd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

cures noun US /kjʊrz/

plural of “cure” — a medicine or therapy that cures disease or relieve pain

From this reading “"'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?”

dominions noun US /dəˈmɪnjənz/

plural of “dominion” — dominance or power through legal authority

From this reading “"'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?”

fakers noun US /ˈfeɪkərz/

plural of “faker” — a person who makes deceitful pretenses

From this reading “"'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?”

flourishing adjective US /ˈflɜːrɪʃɪŋ/

very lively and profitable

From this reading “But I have it," I continued, flourishing my hat over my head, "tanner, in this instance, is not an English word."”

Individuals noun US /ˌɪndəˈvɪdʒəwəlz/

plural of “individual” — a human being

From this reading “The Tanner--The Hotel--Drinking Claret--London Journal--New Field--Commonplaceness--The Three Individuals--Botheration--Frank and Ardent.”

materials noun US /məˈtɪriəlz/

plural of “material” — the tangible substance that goes into the makeup of a physical object

From this reading “"'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?”

skins noun US /skɪnz/

plural of “skin” — a natural protective body covering and site of the sense of touch

From this reading “"'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?”

tanner noun US /ˈtænər/

a small coin of the United Kingdom worth six pennies; not minted since 1970

From this reading “The Tanner--The Hotel--Drinking Claret--London Journal--New Field--Commonplaceness--The Three Individuals--Botheration--Frank and Ardent.”

All words in this reading · 84

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading "'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading But I have it," I continued, flourishing my hat over my head, "tanner, in this instance, is not an English word."

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The Tanner--The Hotel--Drinking Claret--London Journal--New Field--Commonplaceness--The Three Individuals--Botheration--Frank and Ardent.

ArdentadjectiveUS /ˈɑːrdənt/

characterized by intense emotion

From this reading The Tanner--The Hotel--Drinking Claret--London Journal--New Field--Commonplaceness--The Three Individuals--Botheration--Frank and Ardent.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading I can't trace the connection between the man of bark and the silver coin, unless journeymen tanners are in the habit of working for sixpence a day.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading "'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?

barknounUS /bɑːrk/

tough protective covering of the woody stems and roots of trees and other woody plants

From this reading "'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?

bestowverbUS /bɪˈstoʊ/

present

From this reading "'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading I can't trace the connection between the man of bark and the silver coin, unless journeymen tanners are in the habit of working for sixpence a day.

Botherationnoun

the psychological state of being irritated or annoyed

From this reading The Tanner--The Hotel--Drinking Claret--London Journal--New Field--Commonplaceness--The Three Individuals--Botheration--Frank and Ardent.

bridgenounUS /brɪdʒ/

a structure that allows people or vehicles to cross an obstacle such as a river or canal or railway etc.

From this reading "'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But I have it," I continued, flourishing my hat over my head, "tanner, in this instance, is not an English word."

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading "'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?

callverbUS /kɔːl/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading "'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading "'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?

can't

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I can't trace the connection between the man of bark and the silver coin, unless journeymen tanners are in the habit of working for sixpence a day.

Claretnoun

a dark purplish-red color

From this reading The Tanner--The Hotel--Drinking Claret--London Journal--New Field--Commonplaceness--The Three Individuals--Botheration--Frank and Ardent.

coinverbUS /kɔɪn/

make up

From this reading "'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?

Commonplacenessnoun

ordinariness as a consequence of being frequent and commonplace

From this reading The Tanner--The Hotel--Drinking Claret--London Journal--New Field--Commonplaceness--The Three Individuals--Botheration--Frank and Ardent.

connectionnounUS /kəˈnekʃən/

a relation between things or events (as in the case of one causing the other or sharing features with it)

From this reading I can't trace the connection between the man of bark and the silver coin, unless journeymen tanners are in the habit of working for sixpence a day.

continuedadjectiveUS /kənˈtɪnjuːd/

without stop or interruption

From this reading But I have it," I continued, flourishing my hat over my head, "tanner, in this instance, is not an English word."

curesnounUS /kjʊrz/

plural of “cure” — a medicine or therapy that cures disease or relieve pain

From this reading "'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading I can't trace the connection between the man of bark and the silver coin, unless journeymen tanners are in the habit of working for sixpence a day.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading "'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?

dominionsnounUS /dəˈmɪnjənz/

plural of “dominion” — dominance or power through legal authority

From this reading "'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?

DrinkingnounUS /ˈdrɪŋkɪŋ/

the act of consuming liquids

From this reading The Tanner--The Hotel--Drinking Claret--London Journal--New Field--Commonplaceness--The Three Individuals--Botheration--Frank and Ardent.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading But I have it," I continued, flourishing my hat over my head, "tanner, in this instance, is not an English word."

fakersnounUS /ˈfeɪkərz/

plural of “faker” — a person who makes deceitful pretenses

From this reading "'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?

FieldnounUS /fiːld/

a piece of land cleared of trees and usually enclosed

From this reading The Tanner--The Hotel--Drinking Claret--London Journal--New Field--Commonplaceness--The Three Individuals--Botheration--Frank and Ardent.

flourishingadjectiveUS /ˈflɜːrɪʃɪŋ/

very lively and profitable

From this reading But I have it," I continued, flourishing my hat over my head, "tanner, in this instance, is not an English word."

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading I can't trace the connection between the man of bark and the silver coin, unless journeymen tanners are in the habit of working for sixpence a day.

FrankadjectiveUS /fræŋk/

characterized by directness in manner or speech; without subtlety or evasion

From this reading The Tanner--The Hotel--Drinking Claret--London Journal--New Field--Commonplaceness--The Three Individuals--Botheration--Frank and Ardent.

habitnounUS /ˈhæbət/

an established custom

From this reading I can't trace the connection between the man of bark and the silver coin, unless journeymen tanners are in the habit of working for sixpence a day.

hatnounUS /hæt/

headdress that protects the head from bad weather; has shaped crown and usually a brim

From this reading But I have it," I continued, flourishing my hat over my head, "tanner, in this instance, is not an English word."

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading "'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading But I have it," I continued, flourishing my hat over my head, "tanner, in this instance, is not an English word."

HotelnounUS /hoʊˈtel/

a building where travelers can pay for lodging and meals and other services

From this reading The Tanner--The Hotel--Drinking Claret--London Journal--New Field--Commonplaceness--The Three Individuals--Botheration--Frank and Ardent.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading "'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading "'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?

IndividualsnounUS /ˌɪndəˈvɪdʒəwəlz/

plural of “individual” — a human being

From this reading The Tanner--The Hotel--Drinking Claret--London Journal--New Field--Commonplaceness--The Three Individuals--Botheration--Frank and Ardent.

instancenounUS /ˈɪnstəns/

an occurrence of something

From this reading But I have it," I continued, flourishing my hat over my head, "tanner, in this instance, is not an English word."

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading But I have it," I continued, flourishing my hat over my head, "tanner, in this instance, is not an English word."

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading But I have it," I continued, flourishing my hat over my head, "tanner, in this instance, is not an English word."

JournalnounUS /ˈdʒɜːrnəl/

a daily written record of (usually personal) experiences and observations

From this reading The Tanner--The Hotel--Drinking Claret--London Journal--New Field--Commonplaceness--The Three Individuals--Botheration--Frank and Ardent.

journeymen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I can't trace the connection between the man of bark and the silver coin, unless journeymen tanners are in the habit of working for sixpence a day.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading "'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?

LondonnounUS /ˈlʌndən/

the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center

From this reading The Tanner--The Hotel--Drinking Claret--London Journal--New Field--Commonplaceness--The Three Individuals--Botheration--Frank and Ardent.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading "'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?

materialsnounUS /məˈtɪriəlz/

plural of “material” — the tangible substance that goes into the makeup of a physical object

From this reading "'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?

meansnounUS /miːnz/

thing or person that acts to produce a particular effect or achieve an end

From this reading "'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?

musinglyadverb

in a reflective manner

From this reading "'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading But I have it," I continued, flourishing my hat over my head, "tanner, in this instance, is not an English word."

nameverbUS /neɪm/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading "'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?

NewadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading The Tanner--The Hotel--Drinking Claret--London Journal--New Field--Commonplaceness--The Three Individuals--Botheration--Frank and Ardent.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading But I have it," I continued, flourishing my hat over my head, "tanner, in this instance, is not an English word."

oaknounUS /oʊk/

the hard durable wood of any oak; used especially for furniture and flooring

From this reading "'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading "'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading "'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading "'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading But I have it," I continued, flourishing my hat over my head, "tanner, in this instance, is not an English word."

preparationnounUS /ˌprepərˈeɪʃən/

the activity of putting or setting in order in advance of some act or purpose

From this reading "'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?

rawadjectiveUS /rɑː/

(used especially of commodities) being unprocessed or manufactured using only simple or minimal processes

From this reading "'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading "'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?

silvernounUS /ˈsɪlvər/

a soft white precious univalent metallic element having the highest electrical and thermal conductivity of any metal; occurs in argentite and in free form; used in coins and jewelry and tableware and photography

From this reading "'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?

sixpencenoun

a small coin of the United Kingdom worth six pennies; not minted since 1970

From this reading I can't trace the connection between the man of bark and the silver coin, unless journeymen tanners are in the habit of working for sixpence a day.

skinsnounUS /skɪnz/

plural of “skin” — a natural protective body covering and site of the sense of touch

From this reading "'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?

smallestadjectiveUS /ˈsmɔːləst/

superlative of “small” — limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading "'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?

TannernounUS /ˈtænər/

a small coin of the United Kingdom worth six pennies; not minted since 1970

From this reading The Tanner--The Hotel--Drinking Claret--London Journal--New Field--Commonplaceness--The Three Individuals--Botheration--Frank and Ardent.

tanners

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I can't trace the connection between the man of bark and the silver coin, unless journeymen tanners are in the habit of working for sixpence a day.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The Tanner--The Hotel--Drinking Claret--London Journal--New Field--Commonplaceness--The Three Individuals--Botheration--Frank and Ardent.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading "'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading "'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading "'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading But I have it," I continued, flourishing my hat over my head, "tanner, in this instance, is not an English word."

ThreenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading The Tanner--The Hotel--Drinking Claret--London Journal--New Field--Commonplaceness--The Three Individuals--Botheration--Frank and Ardent.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading "'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?

tracenounUS /treɪs/

a just detectable amount

From this reading I can't trace the connection between the man of bark and the silver coin, unless journeymen tanners are in the habit of working for sixpence a day.

unlessconjunctionUS /ənˈles/

except if; if not

From this reading I can't trace the connection between the man of bark and the silver coin, unless journeymen tanners are in the habit of working for sixpence a day.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading "'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading "'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading "'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading "'Tanner!" said I, musingly, as I left the bridge; "Tanner! what can the man who cures raw skins by means of a preparation of oak bark and other materials have to do with the name which these fakers, as they call themselves, bestow on the smallest silver coin in these dominions?

wordnounUS /wɜːrd/

a unit of language that native speakers can identify

From this reading But I have it," I continued, flourishing my hat over my head, "tanner, in this instance, is not an English word."

workingadjectiveUS /ˈwɜːrkɪŋ/

actively engaged in paid work

From this reading I can't trace the connection between the man of bark and the silver coin, unless journeymen tanners are in the habit of working for sixpence a day.

Chapter 33 of Lavengro by George Borrow holds 59 sentences, grouped into 12 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 33 of Lavengro contain?

Chapter 33 holds 59 sentences of Lavengro, unabridged, divided into 12 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 33 of Lavengro by George Borrow exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 59 sentences, grouped into 12 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 33 of Lavengro?

Work through the 12 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 12 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 33 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 33 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Lavengro

Common questions about reading Lavengro by George Borrow on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Lavengro?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Lavengro is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Lavengro take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Lavengro section by section

How to work through Lavengro section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 0 chapters of Lavengro to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Lavengro

Words and structures a reader meets early in Lavengro, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of Lavengro, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
One of the 0 chapters of Lavengro, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 3
One of the 0 chapters of Lavengro, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.