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Lavengro
Lavengro

Chapter XXXVI

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Context Illustration Reading 1/15 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Francis Ardry--Certain Sharpers--Brave and Eloquent--Opposites--Flinging the Bones--Strange Places--Dog-Fighting--Learning and Letters--Batch of Dogs--Redoubled Application.
One evening I was visited by the tall young gentleman, Francis Ardry, whose acquaintance I had formed at the coffee-house.
As it is necessary that the reader should know something more about this young man, who will frequently appear in the course of these pages, I will state in a few words who and what he was.
He was born of an ancient Roman Catholic family in Ireland; his parents, whose only child he was, had long been dead.
His father, who had survived his mother several years, had been a spendthrift, and at his death had left the family property considerably embarrassed.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Lavengro

Chapter XXXVI

Reading 1/15 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Francis Ardry--Certain Sharpers--Brave and Eloquent--Opposites--Flinging the Bones--Strange Places--Dog-Fighting--Learning and Letters--Batch of Dogs--Redoubled Application.
Line 2
One evening I was visited by the tall young gentleman, Francis Ardry, whose acquaintance I had formed at the coffee-house.
Line 3
As it is necessary that the reader should know something more about this young man, who will frequently appear in the course of these pages, I will state in a few words who and what he was.
Line 4
He was born of an ancient Roman Catholic family in Ireland; his parents, whose only child he was, had long been dead.
Line 5
His father, who had survived his mother several years, had been a spendthrift, and at his death had left the family property considerably embarrassed.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

About preposition US /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading “As it is necessary that the reader should know something more about this young man, who will frequently appear in the course of these pages, I will state in a few words who and what he was.”

Ancient adjective US /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/

Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.

From this reading “He was born of an ancient Roman Catholic family in Ireland; his parents, whose only child he was, had long been dead.”

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “He was born of an ancient Roman Catholic family in Ireland; his parents, whose only child he was, had long been dead.”

Born noun US /born/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “He was born of an ancient Roman Catholic family in Ireland; his parents, whose only child he was, had long been dead.”

Course noun US /course/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “As it is necessary that the reader should know something more about this young man, who will frequently appear in the course of these pages, I will state in a few words who and what he was.”

Dead noun US /dead/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “He was born of an ancient Roman Catholic family in Ireland; his parents, whose only child he was, had long been dead.”

Gentleman noun US /ˈgentleman/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “One evening I was visited by the tall young gentleman, Francis Ardry, whose acquaintance I had formed at the coffee-house.”

Know noun US /know/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “As it is necessary that the reader should know something more about this young man, who will frequently appear in the course of these pages, I will state in a few words who and what he was.”

Left noun US /left/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “His father, who had survived his mother several years, had been a spendthrift, and at his death had left the family property considerably embarrassed.”

Long noun US /long/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “He was born of an ancient Roman Catholic family in Ireland; his parents, whose only child he was, had long been dead.”

One pronoun US /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading “One evening I was visited by the tall young gentleman, Francis Ardry, whose acquaintance I had formed at the coffee-house.”

Several noun US /ˈseveral/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “His father, who had survived his mother several years, had been a spendthrift, and at his death had left the family property considerably embarrassed.”

Something pronoun US /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading “As it is necessary that the reader should know something more about this young man, who will frequently appear in the course of these pages, I will state in a few words who and what he was.”

These determiner US /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading “As it is necessary that the reader should know something more about this young man, who will frequently appear in the course of these pages, I will state in a few words who and what he was.”

Whose determiner US /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading “One evening I was visited by the tall young gentleman, Francis Ardry, whose acquaintance I had formed at the coffee-house.”

All words in this reading · 88

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading As it is necessary that the reader should know something more about this young man, who will frequently appear in the course of these pages, I will state in a few words who and what he was.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading As it is necessary that the reader should know something more about this young man, who will frequently appear in the course of these pages, I will state in a few words who and what he was.

acquaintance

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One evening I was visited by the tall young gentleman, Francis Ardry, whose acquaintance I had formed at the coffee-house.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading He was born of an ancient Roman Catholic family in Ireland; his parents, whose only child he was, had long been dead.

ancientadjectiveUS /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/

Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.

From this reading He was born of an ancient Roman Catholic family in Ireland; his parents, whose only child he was, had long been dead.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Francis Ardry--Certain Sharpers--Brave and Eloquent--Opposites--Flinging the Bones--Strange Places--Dog-Fighting--Learning and Letters--Batch of Dogs--Redoubled Application.

appear

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As it is necessary that the reader should know something more about this young man, who will frequently appear in the course of these pages, I will state in a few words who and what he was.

Application

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Francis Ardry--Certain Sharpers--Brave and Eloquent--Opposites--Flinging the Bones--Strange Places--Dog-Fighting--Learning and Letters--Batch of Dogs--Redoubled Application.

Ardry

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Francis Ardry--Certain Sharpers--Brave and Eloquent--Opposites--Flinging the Bones--Strange Places--Dog-Fighting--Learning and Letters--Batch of Dogs--Redoubled Application.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As it is necessary that the reader should know something more about this young man, who will frequently appear in the course of these pages, I will state in a few words who and what he was.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading One evening I was visited by the tall young gentleman, Francis Ardry, whose acquaintance I had formed at the coffee-house.

Batch

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Francis Ardry--Certain Sharpers--Brave and Eloquent--Opposites--Flinging the Bones--Strange Places--Dog-Fighting--Learning and Letters--Batch of Dogs--Redoubled Application.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading He was born of an ancient Roman Catholic family in Ireland; his parents, whose only child he was, had long been dead.

Bones

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Francis Ardry--Certain Sharpers--Brave and Eloquent--Opposites--Flinging the Bones--Strange Places--Dog-Fighting--Learning and Letters--Batch of Dogs--Redoubled Application.

bornnounUS /born/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading He was born of an ancient Roman Catholic family in Ireland; his parents, whose only child he was, had long been dead.

Brave

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Francis Ardry--Certain Sharpers--Brave and Eloquent--Opposites--Flinging the Bones--Strange Places--Dog-Fighting--Learning and Letters--Batch of Dogs--Redoubled Application.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading One evening I was visited by the tall young gentleman, Francis Ardry, whose acquaintance I had formed at the coffee-house.

Catholic

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was born of an ancient Roman Catholic family in Ireland; his parents, whose only child he was, had long been dead.

Certain

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Francis Ardry--Certain Sharpers--Brave and Eloquent--Opposites--Flinging the Bones--Strange Places--Dog-Fighting--Learning and Letters--Batch of Dogs--Redoubled Application.

child

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was born of an ancient Roman Catholic family in Ireland; his parents, whose only child he was, had long been dead.

coffee-house

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One evening I was visited by the tall young gentleman, Francis Ardry, whose acquaintance I had formed at the coffee-house.

considerably

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His father, who had survived his mother several years, had been a spendthrift, and at his death had left the family property considerably embarrassed.

coursenounUS /course/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading As it is necessary that the reader should know something more about this young man, who will frequently appear in the course of these pages, I will state in a few words who and what he was.

deadnounUS /dead/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading He was born of an ancient Roman Catholic family in Ireland; his parents, whose only child he was, had long been dead.

death

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His father, who had survived his mother several years, had been a spendthrift, and at his death had left the family property considerably embarrassed.

Dog-Fighting

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Francis Ardry--Certain Sharpers--Brave and Eloquent--Opposites--Flinging the Bones--Strange Places--Dog-Fighting--Learning and Letters--Batch of Dogs--Redoubled Application.

Dogs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Francis Ardry--Certain Sharpers--Brave and Eloquent--Opposites--Flinging the Bones--Strange Places--Dog-Fighting--Learning and Letters--Batch of Dogs--Redoubled Application.

Eloquent

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Francis Ardry--Certain Sharpers--Brave and Eloquent--Opposites--Flinging the Bones--Strange Places--Dog-Fighting--Learning and Letters--Batch of Dogs--Redoubled Application.

embarrassed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His father, who had survived his mother several years, had been a spendthrift, and at his death had left the family property considerably embarrassed.

evening

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One evening I was visited by the tall young gentleman, Francis Ardry, whose acquaintance I had formed at the coffee-house.

family

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was born of an ancient Roman Catholic family in Ireland; his parents, whose only child he was, had long been dead.

father

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His father, who had survived his mother several years, had been a spendthrift, and at his death had left the family property considerably embarrassed.

few

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As it is necessary that the reader should know something more about this young man, who will frequently appear in the course of these pages, I will state in a few words who and what he was.

Flinging

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Francis Ardry--Certain Sharpers--Brave and Eloquent--Opposites--Flinging the Bones--Strange Places--Dog-Fighting--Learning and Letters--Batch of Dogs--Redoubled Application.

formed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One evening I was visited by the tall young gentleman, Francis Ardry, whose acquaintance I had formed at the coffee-house.

Francis

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Francis Ardry--Certain Sharpers--Brave and Eloquent--Opposites--Flinging the Bones--Strange Places--Dog-Fighting--Learning and Letters--Batch of Dogs--Redoubled Application.

frequently

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As it is necessary that the reader should know something more about this young man, who will frequently appear in the course of these pages, I will state in a few words who and what he was.

gentlemannounUS /ˈgentleman/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading One evening I was visited by the tall young gentleman, Francis Ardry, whose acquaintance I had formed at the coffee-house.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading One evening I was visited by the tall young gentleman, Francis Ardry, whose acquaintance I had formed at the coffee-house.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading As it is necessary that the reader should know something more about this young man, who will frequently appear in the course of these pages, I will state in a few words who and what he was.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He was born of an ancient Roman Catholic family in Ireland; his parents, whose only child he was, had long been dead.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading One evening I was visited by the tall young gentleman, Francis Ardry, whose acquaintance I had formed at the coffee-house.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading As it is necessary that the reader should know something more about this young man, who will frequently appear in the course of these pages, I will state in a few words who and what he was.

Ireland

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was born of an ancient Roman Catholic family in Ireland; his parents, whose only child he was, had long been dead.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading As it is necessary that the reader should know something more about this young man, who will frequently appear in the course of these pages, I will state in a few words who and what he was.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading As it is necessary that the reader should know something more about this young man, who will frequently appear in the course of these pages, I will state in a few words who and what he was.

knownounUS /know/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading As it is necessary that the reader should know something more about this young man, who will frequently appear in the course of these pages, I will state in a few words who and what he was.

Learning

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Francis Ardry--Certain Sharpers--Brave and Eloquent--Opposites--Flinging the Bones--Strange Places--Dog-Fighting--Learning and Letters--Batch of Dogs--Redoubled Application.

leftnounUS /left/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading His father, who had survived his mother several years, had been a spendthrift, and at his death had left the family property considerably embarrassed.

Letters

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Francis Ardry--Certain Sharpers--Brave and Eloquent--Opposites--Flinging the Bones--Strange Places--Dog-Fighting--Learning and Letters--Batch of Dogs--Redoubled Application.

longnounUS /long/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading He was born of an ancient Roman Catholic family in Ireland; his parents, whose only child he was, had long been dead.

man

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As it is necessary that the reader should know something more about this young man, who will frequently appear in the course of these pages, I will state in a few words who and what he was.

more

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As it is necessary that the reader should know something more about this young man, who will frequently appear in the course of these pages, I will state in a few words who and what he was.

mother

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His father, who had survived his mother several years, had been a spendthrift, and at his death had left the family property considerably embarrassed.

necessary

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As it is necessary that the reader should know something more about this young man, who will frequently appear in the course of these pages, I will state in a few words who and what he was.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Francis Ardry--Certain Sharpers--Brave and Eloquent--Opposites--Flinging the Bones--Strange Places--Dog-Fighting--Learning and Letters--Batch of Dogs--Redoubled Application.

OnepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading One evening I was visited by the tall young gentleman, Francis Ardry, whose acquaintance I had formed at the coffee-house.

only

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was born of an ancient Roman Catholic family in Ireland; his parents, whose only child he was, had long been dead.

Opposites

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Francis Ardry--Certain Sharpers--Brave and Eloquent--Opposites--Flinging the Bones--Strange Places--Dog-Fighting--Learning and Letters--Batch of Dogs--Redoubled Application.

pages

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As it is necessary that the reader should know something more about this young man, who will frequently appear in the course of these pages, I will state in a few words who and what he was.

parents

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was born of an ancient Roman Catholic family in Ireland; his parents, whose only child he was, had long been dead.

Places

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Francis Ardry--Certain Sharpers--Brave and Eloquent--Opposites--Flinging the Bones--Strange Places--Dog-Fighting--Learning and Letters--Batch of Dogs--Redoubled Application.

property

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His father, who had survived his mother several years, had been a spendthrift, and at his death had left the family property considerably embarrassed.

reader

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As it is necessary that the reader should know something more about this young man, who will frequently appear in the course of these pages, I will state in a few words who and what he was.

Redoubled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Francis Ardry--Certain Sharpers--Brave and Eloquent--Opposites--Flinging the Bones--Strange Places--Dog-Fighting--Learning and Letters--Batch of Dogs--Redoubled Application.

Roman

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was born of an ancient Roman Catholic family in Ireland; his parents, whose only child he was, had long been dead.

several

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His father, who had survived his mother several years, had been a spendthrift, and at his death had left the family property considerably embarrassed.

Sharpers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Francis Ardry--Certain Sharpers--Brave and Eloquent--Opposites--Flinging the Bones--Strange Places--Dog-Fighting--Learning and Letters--Batch of Dogs--Redoubled Application.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading As it is necessary that the reader should know something more about this young man, who will frequently appear in the course of these pages, I will state in a few words who and what he was.

somethingpronounUS /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading As it is necessary that the reader should know something more about this young man, who will frequently appear in the course of these pages, I will state in a few words who and what he was.

spendthrift

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His father, who had survived his mother several years, had been a spendthrift, and at his death had left the family property considerably embarrassed.

state

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As it is necessary that the reader should know something more about this young man, who will frequently appear in the course of these pages, I will state in a few words who and what he was.

Strange

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Francis Ardry--Certain Sharpers--Brave and Eloquent--Opposites--Flinging the Bones--Strange Places--Dog-Fighting--Learning and Letters--Batch of Dogs--Redoubled Application.

survived

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His father, who had survived his mother several years, had been a spendthrift, and at his death had left the family property considerably embarrassed.

tall

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One evening I was visited by the tall young gentleman, Francis Ardry, whose acquaintance I had formed at the coffee-house.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading As it is necessary that the reader should know something more about this young man, who will frequently appear in the course of these pages, I will state in a few words who and what he was.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Francis Ardry--Certain Sharpers--Brave and Eloquent--Opposites--Flinging the Bones--Strange Places--Dog-Fighting--Learning and Letters--Batch of Dogs--Redoubled Application.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading As it is necessary that the reader should know something more about this young man, who will frequently appear in the course of these pages, I will state in a few words who and what he was.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading As it is necessary that the reader should know something more about this young man, who will frequently appear in the course of these pages, I will state in a few words who and what he was.

visited

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One evening I was visited by the tall young gentleman, Francis Ardry, whose acquaintance I had formed at the coffee-house.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading One evening I was visited by the tall young gentleman, Francis Ardry, whose acquaintance I had formed at the coffee-house.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading As it is necessary that the reader should know something more about this young man, who will frequently appear in the course of these pages, I will state in a few words who and what he was.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading As it is necessary that the reader should know something more about this young man, who will frequently appear in the course of these pages, I will state in a few words who and what he was.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading One evening I was visited by the tall young gentleman, Francis Ardry, whose acquaintance I had formed at the coffee-house.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading As it is necessary that the reader should know something more about this young man, who will frequently appear in the course of these pages, I will state in a few words who and what he was.

words

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As it is necessary that the reader should know something more about this young man, who will frequently appear in the course of these pages, I will state in a few words who and what he was.

years

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His father, who had survived his mother several years, had been a spendthrift, and at his death had left the family property considerably embarrassed.

young

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One evening I was visited by the tall young gentleman, Francis Ardry, whose acquaintance I had formed at the coffee-house.