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Lavengro: The Scholar, the Gypsy, the Priest
Lavengro: The Scholar, the Gypsy, the Priest

Chapter XXIII · Chapter 23

Chapter 23 of Lavengro: The Scholar, the Gypsy, the Priest is here in full — 135 sentences across 27 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Lavengro: The Scholar, the Gypsy, the Priest
Context Illustration Reading 1/27 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Considerably sobered--Power of writing--The tempter--Hungry talent--Work concluded.
Rather late in the morning I awoke; for a few minutes I lay still, perfectly still; my imagination was considerably sobered; the scenes and situations which had pleased me so much over night appeared to me in a far less captivating guise that morning.
I felt languid and almost hopeless--the thought, however, of my situation soon roused me--I must make an effort to improve the posture of my affairs; there was no time to be lost; so I sprang out of bed, breakfasted on bread and water, and then sat down doggedly to write the life of Joseph Sell.
It was a great thing to have formed my plan, and to have arranged the scenes in my head, as I had done on the preceding night.
The chief thing requisite at present was the mere mechanical act of committing them to paper.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Lavengro: The Scholar, the Gypsy, the Priest

Chapter XXIII · Chapter 23

Chapter 23 of Lavengro: The Scholar, the Gypsy, the Priest is here in full — 135 sentences across 27 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/27 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Considerably sobered--Power of writing--The tempter--Hungry talent--Work concluded.
Line 2
Rather late in the morning I awoke; for a few minutes I lay still, perfectly still; my imagination was considerably sobered; the scenes and situations which had pleased me so much over night appeared to me in a far less captivating guise that morning.
/ˈræðər leɪt ɪn ðə ˈmɔːrnɪŋ aɪ əˈwoʊk fɔːr ə fjuː ˈmɪnəts aɪ leɪ stɪl ˈpɜːrfəktli stɪl maɪ ˌɪmædʒəˈneɪʃən wɑːz kənˈsɪdərəbli ˈsoʊbərd ðə siːnz ənd ˌsɪtʃuːˈeɪʃənz wɪtʃ hæd pliːzd miː soʊ mʌtʃ ˈoʊvər naɪt əˈpɪrd tuː miː ɪn ə fɑːr les ˈkæptɪveɪtɪŋ ɡaɪz ðæt ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/
Line 3
I felt languid and almost hopeless--the thought, however, of my situation soon roused me--I must make an effort to improve the posture of my affairs; there was no time to be lost; so I sprang out of bed, breakfasted on bread and water, and then sat down doggedly to write the life of Joseph Sell.
Line 4
It was a great thing to have formed my plan, and to have arranged the scenes in my head, as I had done on the preceding night.
/ɪt wɑːz ə ɡreɪt θɪŋ tuː hæv fɔːrmd maɪ plæn ənd tuː hæv ərˈeɪndʒd ðə siːnz ɪn maɪ hed æz aɪ hæd dʌn ɑːn ðə priˈsiːdɪŋ naɪt/
Line 5
The chief thing requisite at present was the mere mechanical act of committing them to paper.
/ðə tʃiːf θɪŋ ˈrekwəzət æt ˈprezənt wɑːz ðə mɪr məˈkænɪkəl ækt ʌv kəˈmɪtɪŋ ðem tuː ˈpeɪpər/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

captivating adjective US /ˈkæptɪveɪtɪŋ/

capturing interest as if by a spell

From this reading “Rather late in the morning I awoke; for a few minutes I lay still, perfectly still; my imagination was considerably sobered; the scenes and situations which had pleased me so much over night appeared to me in a far less captivating guise that morning.”

committing verb US /kəˈmɪtɪŋ/

inflected form of “commit” — perform an act, usually with a negative connotation

From this reading “The chief thing requisite at present was the mere mechanical act of committing them to paper.”

doggedly adverb US /ˈdɔːɡədli/

with obstinate determination

From this reading “I felt languid and almost hopeless--the thought, however, of my situation soon roused me--I must make an effort to improve the posture of my affairs; there was no time to be lost; so I sprang out of bed, breakfasted on bread and water, and then sat down doggedly to write the life of Joseph Sell.”

guise noun US /ɡaɪz/

an artful or simulated semblance

From this reading “Rather late in the morning I awoke; for a few minutes I lay still, perfectly still; my imagination was considerably sobered; the scenes and situations which had pleased me so much over night appeared to me in a far less captivating guise that morning.”

posture noun US /ˈpɑːstʃər/

the arrangement of the body and its limbs

From this reading “I felt languid and almost hopeless--the thought, however, of my situation soon roused me--I must make an effort to improve the posture of my affairs; there was no time to be lost; so I sprang out of bed, breakfasted on bread and water, and then sat down doggedly to write the life of Joseph Sell.”

requisite noun US /ˈrekwəzət/

anything indispensable

From this reading “The chief thing requisite at present was the mere mechanical act of committing them to paper.”

situations noun US /ˌsɪtʃuːˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “situation” — the general state of things; the combination of circumstances at a given time

From this reading “Rather late in the morning I awoke; for a few minutes I lay still, perfectly still; my imagination was considerably sobered; the scenes and situations which had pleased me so much over night appeared to me in a far less captivating guise that morning.”

sobered verb US /ˈsoʊbərd/

past form of “sober” — cause to become sober

From this reading “Considerably sobered--Power of writing--The tempter--Hungry talent--Work concluded.”

All words in this reading · 102

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Rather late in the morning I awoke; for a few minutes I lay still, perfectly still; my imagination was considerably sobered; the scenes and situations which had pleased me so much over night appeared to me in a far less captivating guise that morning.

actverbUS /ækt/

perform an action, or work out or perform (an action)

From this reading The chief thing requisite at present was the mere mechanical act of committing them to paper.

affairsnounUS /əˈferz/

matters of personal concern

From this reading I felt languid and almost hopeless--the thought, however, of my situation soon roused me--I must make an effort to improve the posture of my affairs; there was no time to be lost; so I sprang out of bed, breakfasted on bread and water, and then sat down doggedly to write the life of Joseph Sell.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading I felt languid and almost hopeless--the thought, however, of my situation soon roused me--I must make an effort to improve the posture of my affairs; there was no time to be lost; so I sprang out of bed, breakfasted on bread and water, and then sat down doggedly to write the life of Joseph Sell.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading I felt languid and almost hopeless--the thought, however, of my situation soon roused me--I must make an effort to improve the posture of my affairs; there was no time to be lost; so I sprang out of bed, breakfasted on bread and water, and then sat down doggedly to write the life of Joseph Sell.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Rather late in the morning I awoke; for a few minutes I lay still, perfectly still; my imagination was considerably sobered; the scenes and situations which had pleased me so much over night appeared to me in a far less captivating guise that morning.

appearedverbUS /əˈpɪrd/

past form of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Rather late in the morning I awoke; for a few minutes I lay still, perfectly still; my imagination was considerably sobered; the scenes and situations which had pleased me so much over night appeared to me in a far less captivating guise that morning.

arrangedadjectiveUS /ərˈeɪndʒd/

disposed or placed in a particular kind of order

From this reading It was a great thing to have formed my plan, and to have arranged the scenes in my head, as I had done on the preceding night.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading It was a great thing to have formed my plan, and to have arranged the scenes in my head, as I had done on the preceding night.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The chief thing requisite at present was the mere mechanical act of committing them to paper.

awokeverbUS /əˈwoʊk/

inflected form of “awake” — stop sleeping

From this reading Rather late in the morning I awoke; for a few minutes I lay still, perfectly still; my imagination was considerably sobered; the scenes and situations which had pleased me so much over night appeared to me in a far less captivating guise that morning.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading I felt languid and almost hopeless--the thought, however, of my situation soon roused me--I must make an effort to improve the posture of my affairs; there was no time to be lost; so I sprang out of bed, breakfasted on bread and water, and then sat down doggedly to write the life of Joseph Sell.

bednounUS /bed/

a piece of furniture that provides a place to sleep

From this reading I felt languid and almost hopeless--the thought, however, of my situation soon roused me--I must make an effort to improve the posture of my affairs; there was no time to be lost; so I sprang out of bed, breakfasted on bread and water, and then sat down doggedly to write the life of Joseph Sell.

breadnounUS /bred/

food made from dough of flour or meal and usually raised with yeast or baking powder and then baked

From this reading I felt languid and almost hopeless--the thought, however, of my situation soon roused me--I must make an effort to improve the posture of my affairs; there was no time to be lost; so I sprang out of bed, breakfasted on bread and water, and then sat down doggedly to write the life of Joseph Sell.

breakfasted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I felt languid and almost hopeless--the thought, however, of my situation soon roused me--I must make an effort to improve the posture of my affairs; there was no time to be lost; so I sprang out of bed, breakfasted on bread and water, and then sat down doggedly to write the life of Joseph Sell.

captivatingadjectiveUS /ˈkæptɪveɪtɪŋ/

capturing interest as if by a spell

From this reading Rather late in the morning I awoke; for a few minutes I lay still, perfectly still; my imagination was considerably sobered; the scenes and situations which had pleased me so much over night appeared to me in a far less captivating guise that morning.

chiefnounUS /tʃiːf/

a person who is in charge

From this reading The chief thing requisite at present was the mere mechanical act of committing them to paper.

committingverbUS /kəˈmɪtɪŋ/

inflected form of “commit” — perform an act, usually with a negative connotation

From this reading The chief thing requisite at present was the mere mechanical act of committing them to paper.

concludedadjectiveUS /kənˈkluːdəd/

having come or been brought to a conclusion

From this reading Considerably sobered--Power of writing--The tempter--Hungry talent--Work concluded.

ConsiderablyadverbUS /kənˈsɪdərəbli/

to a great extent or degree

From this reading Considerably sobered--Power of writing--The tempter--Hungry talent--Work concluded.

doggedlyadverbUS /ˈdɔːɡədli/

with obstinate determination

From this reading I felt languid and almost hopeless--the thought, however, of my situation soon roused me--I must make an effort to improve the posture of my affairs; there was no time to be lost; so I sprang out of bed, breakfasted on bread and water, and then sat down doggedly to write the life of Joseph Sell.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading It was a great thing to have formed my plan, and to have arranged the scenes in my head, as I had done on the preceding night.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading I felt languid and almost hopeless--the thought, however, of my situation soon roused me--I must make an effort to improve the posture of my affairs; there was no time to be lost; so I sprang out of bed, breakfasted on bread and water, and then sat down doggedly to write the life of Joseph Sell.

effortnounUS /ˈefərt/

earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something

From this reading I felt languid and almost hopeless--the thought, however, of my situation soon roused me--I must make an effort to improve the posture of my affairs; there was no time to be lost; so I sprang out of bed, breakfasted on bread and water, and then sat down doggedly to write the life of Joseph Sell.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading Rather late in the morning I awoke; for a few minutes I lay still, perfectly still; my imagination was considerably sobered; the scenes and situations which had pleased me so much over night appeared to me in a far less captivating guise that morning.

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading I felt languid and almost hopeless--the thought, however, of my situation soon roused me--I must make an effort to improve the posture of my affairs; there was no time to be lost; so I sprang out of bed, breakfasted on bread and water, and then sat down doggedly to write the life of Joseph Sell.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading Rather late in the morning I awoke; for a few minutes I lay still, perfectly still; my imagination was considerably sobered; the scenes and situations which had pleased me so much over night appeared to me in a far less captivating guise that morning.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Rather late in the morning I awoke; for a few minutes I lay still, perfectly still; my imagination was considerably sobered; the scenes and situations which had pleased me so much over night appeared to me in a far less captivating guise that morning.

formedadjectiveUS /fɔːrmd/

having or given a form or shape

From this reading It was a great thing to have formed my plan, and to have arranged the scenes in my head, as I had done on the preceding night.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading It was a great thing to have formed my plan, and to have arranged the scenes in my head, as I had done on the preceding night.

guisenounUS /ɡaɪz/

an artful or simulated semblance

From this reading Rather late in the morning I awoke; for a few minutes I lay still, perfectly still; my imagination was considerably sobered; the scenes and situations which had pleased me so much over night appeared to me in a far less captivating guise that morning.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Rather late in the morning I awoke; for a few minutes I lay still, perfectly still; my imagination was considerably sobered; the scenes and situations which had pleased me so much over night appeared to me in a far less captivating guise that morning.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading It was a great thing to have formed my plan, and to have arranged the scenes in my head, as I had done on the preceding night.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading It was a great thing to have formed my plan, and to have arranged the scenes in my head, as I had done on the preceding night.

hopelessadjectiveUS /ˈhoʊpləs/

without hope because there seems to be no possibility of comfort or success

From this reading I felt languid and almost hopeless--the thought, however, of my situation soon roused me--I must make an effort to improve the posture of my affairs; there was no time to be lost; so I sprang out of bed, breakfasted on bread and water, and then sat down doggedly to write the life of Joseph Sell.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading I felt languid and almost hopeless--the thought, however, of my situation soon roused me--I must make an effort to improve the posture of my affairs; there was no time to be lost; so I sprang out of bed, breakfasted on bread and water, and then sat down doggedly to write the life of Joseph Sell.

HungryadjectiveUS /ˈhʌŋɡri/

feeling hunger; feeling a need or desire to eat food

From this reading Considerably sobered--Power of writing--The tempter--Hungry talent--Work concluded.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Rather late in the morning I awoke; for a few minutes I lay still, perfectly still; my imagination was considerably sobered; the scenes and situations which had pleased me so much over night appeared to me in a far less captivating guise that morning.

imaginationnounUS /ˌɪmædʒəˈneɪʃən/

the formation of a mental image of something that is not perceived as real and is not present to the senses

From this reading Rather late in the morning I awoke; for a few minutes I lay still, perfectly still; my imagination was considerably sobered; the scenes and situations which had pleased me so much over night appeared to me in a far less captivating guise that morning.

improveverbUS /ˌɪmˈpruːv/

to make better

From this reading I felt languid and almost hopeless--the thought, however, of my situation soon roused me--I must make an effort to improve the posture of my affairs; there was no time to be lost; so I sprang out of bed, breakfasted on bread and water, and then sat down doggedly to write the life of Joseph Sell.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Rather late in the morning I awoke; for a few minutes I lay still, perfectly still; my imagination was considerably sobered; the scenes and situations which had pleased me so much over night appeared to me in a far less captivating guise that morning.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was a great thing to have formed my plan, and to have arranged the scenes in my head, as I had done on the preceding night.

JosephnounUS /ˈdʒoʊsəf/

leader of the Nez Perce in their retreat from United States troops (1840-1904)

From this reading I felt languid and almost hopeless--the thought, however, of my situation soon roused me--I must make an effort to improve the posture of my affairs; there was no time to be lost; so I sprang out of bed, breakfasted on bread and water, and then sat down doggedly to write the life of Joseph Sell.

languidadjectiveUS /ˈlæŋɡwəd/

lacking spirit or liveliness

From this reading I felt languid and almost hopeless--the thought, however, of my situation soon roused me--I must make an effort to improve the posture of my affairs; there was no time to be lost; so I sprang out of bed, breakfasted on bread and water, and then sat down doggedly to write the life of Joseph Sell.

lateadjectiveUS /leɪt/

being or occurring at an advanced period of time or after a usual or expected time

From this reading Rather late in the morning I awoke; for a few minutes I lay still, perfectly still; my imagination was considerably sobered; the scenes and situations which had pleased me so much over night appeared to me in a far less captivating guise that morning.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Rather late in the morning I awoke; for a few minutes I lay still, perfectly still; my imagination was considerably sobered; the scenes and situations which had pleased me so much over night appeared to me in a far less captivating guise that morning.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading Rather late in the morning I awoke; for a few minutes I lay still, perfectly still; my imagination was considerably sobered; the scenes and situations which had pleased me so much over night appeared to me in a far less captivating guise that morning.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading I felt languid and almost hopeless--the thought, however, of my situation soon roused me--I must make an effort to improve the posture of my affairs; there was no time to be lost; so I sprang out of bed, breakfasted on bread and water, and then sat down doggedly to write the life of Joseph Sell.

lostadjectiveUS /lɔːst/

no longer in your possession or control; unable to be found or recovered

From this reading I felt languid and almost hopeless--the thought, however, of my situation soon roused me--I must make an effort to improve the posture of my affairs; there was no time to be lost; so I sprang out of bed, breakfasted on bread and water, and then sat down doggedly to write the life of Joseph Sell.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading I felt languid and almost hopeless--the thought, however, of my situation soon roused me--I must make an effort to improve the posture of my affairs; there was no time to be lost; so I sprang out of bed, breakfasted on bread and water, and then sat down doggedly to write the life of Joseph Sell.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Rather late in the morning I awoke; for a few minutes I lay still, perfectly still; my imagination was considerably sobered; the scenes and situations which had pleased me so much over night appeared to me in a far less captivating guise that morning.

mechanicaladjectiveUS /məˈkænɪkəl/

using (or as if using) mechanisms or tools or devices

From this reading The chief thing requisite at present was the mere mechanical act of committing them to paper.

mereadjectiveUS /mɪr/

being nothing more than specified

From this reading The chief thing requisite at present was the mere mechanical act of committing them to paper.

minutesnounUS /ˈmɪnəts/

a written account of what transpired at a meeting

From this reading Rather late in the morning I awoke; for a few minutes I lay still, perfectly still; my imagination was considerably sobered; the scenes and situations which had pleased me so much over night appeared to me in a far less captivating guise that morning.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading Rather late in the morning I awoke; for a few minutes I lay still, perfectly still; my imagination was considerably sobered; the scenes and situations which had pleased me so much over night appeared to me in a far less captivating guise that morning.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading Rather late in the morning I awoke; for a few minutes I lay still, perfectly still; my imagination was considerably sobered; the scenes and situations which had pleased me so much over night appeared to me in a far less captivating guise that morning.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading I felt languid and almost hopeless--the thought, however, of my situation soon roused me--I must make an effort to improve the posture of my affairs; there was no time to be lost; so I sprang out of bed, breakfasted on bread and water, and then sat down doggedly to write the life of Joseph Sell.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading Rather late in the morning I awoke; for a few minutes I lay still, perfectly still; my imagination was considerably sobered; the scenes and situations which had pleased me so much over night appeared to me in a far less captivating guise that morning.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading Rather late in the morning I awoke; for a few minutes I lay still, perfectly still; my imagination was considerably sobered; the scenes and situations which had pleased me so much over night appeared to me in a far less captivating guise that morning.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading I felt languid and almost hopeless--the thought, however, of my situation soon roused me--I must make an effort to improve the posture of my affairs; there was no time to be lost; so I sprang out of bed, breakfasted on bread and water, and then sat down doggedly to write the life of Joseph Sell.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Considerably sobered--Power of writing--The tempter--Hungry talent--Work concluded.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading I felt languid and almost hopeless--the thought, however, of my situation soon roused me--I must make an effort to improve the posture of my affairs; there was no time to be lost; so I sprang out of bed, breakfasted on bread and water, and then sat down doggedly to write the life of Joseph Sell.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading I felt languid and almost hopeless--the thought, however, of my situation soon roused me--I must make an effort to improve the posture of my affairs; there was no time to be lost; so I sprang out of bed, breakfasted on bread and water, and then sat down doggedly to write the life of Joseph Sell.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Rather late in the morning I awoke; for a few minutes I lay still, perfectly still; my imagination was considerably sobered; the scenes and situations which had pleased me so much over night appeared to me in a far less captivating guise that morning.

papernounUS /ˈpeɪpər/

a material made of cellulose pulp derived mainly from wood or rags or certain grasses

From this reading The chief thing requisite at present was the mere mechanical act of committing them to paper.

perfectlyadverbUS /ˈpɜːrfəktli/

completely and without qualification; used informally as intensifiers

From this reading Rather late in the morning I awoke; for a few minutes I lay still, perfectly still; my imagination was considerably sobered; the scenes and situations which had pleased me so much over night appeared to me in a far less captivating guise that morning.

planverbUS /plæn/

have the will and intention to carry out some action

From this reading It was a great thing to have formed my plan, and to have arranged the scenes in my head, as I had done on the preceding night.

pleasedadjectiveUS /pliːzd/

experiencing or manifesting pleasure

From this reading Rather late in the morning I awoke; for a few minutes I lay still, perfectly still; my imagination was considerably sobered; the scenes and situations which had pleased me so much over night appeared to me in a far less captivating guise that morning.

posturenounUS /ˈpɑːstʃər/

the arrangement of the body and its limbs

From this reading I felt languid and almost hopeless--the thought, however, of my situation soon roused me--I must make an effort to improve the posture of my affairs; there was no time to be lost; so I sprang out of bed, breakfasted on bread and water, and then sat down doggedly to write the life of Joseph Sell.

PowernounUS /ˈpaʊər/

possession of controlling influence

From this reading Considerably sobered--Power of writing--The tempter--Hungry talent--Work concluded.

precedingadjectiveUS /priˈsiːdɪŋ/

existing or coming before

From this reading It was a great thing to have formed my plan, and to have arranged the scenes in my head, as I had done on the preceding night.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading The chief thing requisite at present was the mere mechanical act of committing them to paper.

RatheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading Rather late in the morning I awoke; for a few minutes I lay still, perfectly still; my imagination was considerably sobered; the scenes and situations which had pleased me so much over night appeared to me in a far less captivating guise that morning.

requisitenounUS /ˈrekwəzət/

anything indispensable

From this reading The chief thing requisite at present was the mere mechanical act of committing them to paper.

rousedverbUS /raʊzd/

past form of “rouse” — become active

From this reading I felt languid and almost hopeless--the thought, however, of my situation soon roused me--I must make an effort to improve the posture of my affairs; there was no time to be lost; so I sprang out of bed, breakfasted on bread and water, and then sat down doggedly to write the life of Joseph Sell.

satnounUS /sæt/

the seventh and last day of the week; observed as the Sabbath by Jews and some Christians

From this reading I felt languid and almost hopeless--the thought, however, of my situation soon roused me--I must make an effort to improve the posture of my affairs; there was no time to be lost; so I sprang out of bed, breakfasted on bread and water, and then sat down doggedly to write the life of Joseph Sell.

scenesnounUS /siːnz/

plural of “scene” — the place where some action occurs

From this reading Rather late in the morning I awoke; for a few minutes I lay still, perfectly still; my imagination was considerably sobered; the scenes and situations which had pleased me so much over night appeared to me in a far less captivating guise that morning.

SellverbUS /sel/

exchange or deliver for money or its equivalent

From this reading I felt languid and almost hopeless--the thought, however, of my situation soon roused me--I must make an effort to improve the posture of my affairs; there was no time to be lost; so I sprang out of bed, breakfasted on bread and water, and then sat down doggedly to write the life of Joseph Sell.

situationnounUS /ˌsɪtʃuːˈeɪʃən/

the general state of things; the combination of circumstances at a given time

From this reading I felt languid and almost hopeless--the thought, however, of my situation soon roused me--I must make an effort to improve the posture of my affairs; there was no time to be lost; so I sprang out of bed, breakfasted on bread and water, and then sat down doggedly to write the life of Joseph Sell.

situationsnounUS /ˌsɪtʃuːˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “situation” — the general state of things; the combination of circumstances at a given time

From this reading Rather late in the morning I awoke; for a few minutes I lay still, perfectly still; my imagination was considerably sobered; the scenes and situations which had pleased me so much over night appeared to me in a far less captivating guise that morning.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Rather late in the morning I awoke; for a few minutes I lay still, perfectly still; my imagination was considerably sobered; the scenes and situations which had pleased me so much over night appeared to me in a far less captivating guise that morning.

soberedverbUS /ˈsoʊbərd/

past form of “sober” — cause to become sober

From this reading Considerably sobered--Power of writing--The tempter--Hungry talent--Work concluded.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading I felt languid and almost hopeless--the thought, however, of my situation soon roused me--I must make an effort to improve the posture of my affairs; there was no time to be lost; so I sprang out of bed, breakfasted on bread and water, and then sat down doggedly to write the life of Joseph Sell.

sprangverbUS /spræŋ/

inflected form of “spring” — move forward by leaps and bounds

From this reading I felt languid and almost hopeless--the thought, however, of my situation soon roused me--I must make an effort to improve the posture of my affairs; there was no time to be lost; so I sprang out of bed, breakfasted on bread and water, and then sat down doggedly to write the life of Joseph Sell.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading Rather late in the morning I awoke; for a few minutes I lay still, perfectly still; my imagination was considerably sobered; the scenes and situations which had pleased me so much over night appeared to me in a far less captivating guise that morning.

talentnounUS /ˈtælənt/

natural abilities or qualities

From this reading Considerably sobered--Power of writing--The tempter--Hungry talent--Work concluded.

tempternoun

a person who tempts others

From this reading Considerably sobered--Power of writing--The tempter--Hungry talent--Work concluded.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Rather late in the morning I awoke; for a few minutes I lay still, perfectly still; my imagination was considerably sobered; the scenes and situations which had pleased me so much over night appeared to me in a far less captivating guise that morning.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Considerably sobered--Power of writing--The tempter--Hungry talent--Work concluded.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The chief thing requisite at present was the mere mechanical act of committing them to paper.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading I felt languid and almost hopeless--the thought, however, of my situation soon roused me--I must make an effort to improve the posture of my affairs; there was no time to be lost; so I sprang out of bed, breakfasted on bread and water, and then sat down doggedly to write the life of Joseph Sell.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading I felt languid and almost hopeless--the thought, however, of my situation soon roused me--I must make an effort to improve the posture of my affairs; there was no time to be lost; so I sprang out of bed, breakfasted on bread and water, and then sat down doggedly to write the life of Joseph Sell.

thingnounUS /θɪŋ/

a special situation

From this reading It was a great thing to have formed my plan, and to have arranged the scenes in my head, as I had done on the preceding night.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading I felt languid and almost hopeless--the thought, however, of my situation soon roused me--I must make an effort to improve the posture of my affairs; there was no time to be lost; so I sprang out of bed, breakfasted on bread and water, and then sat down doggedly to write the life of Joseph Sell.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading I felt languid and almost hopeless--the thought, however, of my situation soon roused me--I must make an effort to improve the posture of my affairs; there was no time to be lost; so I sprang out of bed, breakfasted on bread and water, and then sat down doggedly to write the life of Joseph Sell.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Rather late in the morning I awoke; for a few minutes I lay still, perfectly still; my imagination was considerably sobered; the scenes and situations which had pleased me so much over night appeared to me in a far less captivating guise that morning.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Rather late in the morning I awoke; for a few minutes I lay still, perfectly still; my imagination was considerably sobered; the scenes and situations which had pleased me so much over night appeared to me in a far less captivating guise that morning.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading I felt languid and almost hopeless--the thought, however, of my situation soon roused me--I must make an effort to improve the posture of my affairs; there was no time to be lost; so I sprang out of bed, breakfasted on bread and water, and then sat down doggedly to write the life of Joseph Sell.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Rather late in the morning I awoke; for a few minutes I lay still, perfectly still; my imagination was considerably sobered; the scenes and situations which had pleased me so much over night appeared to me in a far less captivating guise that morning.

WorkverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading Considerably sobered--Power of writing--The tempter--Hungry talent--Work concluded.

writeverbUS /raɪt/

produce a literary work

From this reading I felt languid and almost hopeless--the thought, however, of my situation soon roused me--I must make an effort to improve the posture of my affairs; there was no time to be lost; so I sprang out of bed, breakfasted on bread and water, and then sat down doggedly to write the life of Joseph Sell.

writingnounUS /ˈraɪtɪŋ/

the act of creating written works

From this reading Considerably sobered--Power of writing--The tempter--Hungry talent--Work concluded.

Chapter 23 of Lavengro: The Scholar, the Gypsy, the Priest by George Borrow holds 135 sentences, grouped into 27 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 23 of Lavengro: The Scholar, the Gypsy, the Priest contain?

Chapter 23 holds 135 sentences of Lavengro: The Scholar, the Gypsy, the Priest, unabridged, divided into 27 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 23 of Lavengro: The Scholar, the Gypsy, the Priest by George Borrow exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 135 sentences, grouped into 27 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 23 of Lavengro: The Scholar, the Gypsy, the Priest?

Work through the 27 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 27 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 23 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Lavengro: The Scholar, the Gypsy, the Priest

Common questions about reading Lavengro: The Scholar, the Gypsy, the Priest by George Borrow on this page, its source edition and its audio.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #452, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Lavengro: The Scholar, the Gypsy, the Priest take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1685 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Lavengro: The Scholar, the Gypsy, the Priest section by section

How to work through Lavengro: The Scholar, the Gypsy, the Priest section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in Lavengro: The Scholar, the Gypsy, the Priest

Words and structures a reader meets early in Lavengro: The Scholar, the Gypsy, the Priest, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Birth--my
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Lavengro: The Scholar, the Gypsy, the Priest; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Father--tamerlane--ben
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Lavengro: The Scholar, the Gypsy, the Priest; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Brain--french
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Lavengro: The Scholar, the Gypsy, the Priest; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Protestants--east
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Lavengro: The Scholar, the Gypsy, the Priest; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.