Chapter 4 of Laxdæla Saga Translated from the Icelandic is here in full — 466 sentences across 94 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.
Chapter IV
Chapter 4 of Laxdæla Saga Translated from the Icelandic is here in full — 466 sentences across 94 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
CHAP. XXXIV Gudrun's First Marriage, A.D. 989 Thorvald was the name of a man, son of Haldor Garpdale's Priest. He lived at Garpsdale in Gilsfirth, a wealthy man, but not much of a hero. At the Thing he wooed Gudrun, Osvif's daughter, when she was fifteen years old.
Chapter 4 of Laxdæla Saga Translated from the Icelandic is here in full — 466 sentences across 94 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
Reading 1/93 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5
These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.
Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.
a boy or man
From this reading “CHAP.”
the cardinal number that is the sum of fourteen and one
From this reading “At the Thing he wooed Gudrun, Osvif's daughter, when she was fifteen years old.”
a man distinguished by exceptional courage and nobility and strength
From this reading “He lived at Garpsdale in Gilsfirth, a wealthy man, but not much of a hero.”
past form of “live” — be an inhabitant of or reside in
From this reading “He lived at Garpsdale in Gilsfirth, a wealthy man, but not much of a hero.”
the state of being a married couple voluntarily joined for life (or until divorce)
From this reading “XXXIV Gudrun's First Marriage, A.D.”
a clergyman in Christian churches who has the authority to perform or administer various religious rites; one of the Holy Orders
From this reading “989 Thorvald was the name of a man, son of Haldor Garpdale's Priest.”
having an abundant supply of money or possessions of value
From this reading “He lived at Garpsdale in Gilsfirth, a wealthy man, but not much of a hero.”
past form of “woo” — seek someone's favor
From this reading “At the Thing he wooed Gudrun, Osvif's daughter, when she was fifteen years old.”
Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.
Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading 989 Thorvald was the name of a man, son of Haldor Garpdale's Priest.
used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one
From this reading XXXIV Gudrun's First Marriage, A.D.
in or near a particular place or position
From this reading He lived at Garpsdale in Gilsfirth, a wealthy man, but not much of a hero.
used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before
From this reading He lived at Garpsdale in Gilsfirth, a wealthy man, but not much of a hero.
a boy or man
From this reading CHAP.
a fat-soluble vitamin that prevents rickets
From this reading XXXIV Gudrun's First Marriage, A.D.
a female human offspring
From this reading At the Thing he wooed Gudrun, Osvif's daughter, when she was fifteen years old.
the cardinal number that is the sum of fourteen and one
From this reading At the Thing he wooed Gudrun, Osvif's daughter, when she was fifteen years old.
preceding all others in time or space or degree
From this reading XXXIV Gudrun's First Marriage, A.D.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading 989 Thorvald was the name of a man, son of Haldor Garpdale's Priest.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading He lived at Garpsdale in Gilsfirth, a wealthy man, but not much of a hero.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading He lived at Garpsdale in Gilsfirth, a wealthy man, but not much of a hero.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading At the Thing he wooed Gudrun, Osvif's daughter, when she was fifteen years old.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading XXXIV Gudrun's First Marriage, A.D.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading 989 Thorvald was the name of a man, son of Haldor Garpdale's Priest.
a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject
From this reading He lived at Garpsdale in Gilsfirth, a wealthy man, but not much of a hero.
a man distinguished by exceptional courage and nobility and strength
From this reading He lived at Garpsdale in Gilsfirth, a wealthy man, but not much of a hero.
inside something, or within a place, period, or state
From this reading He lived at Garpsdale in Gilsfirth, a wealthy man, but not much of a hero.
past form of “live” — be an inhabitant of or reside in
From this reading He lived at Garpsdale in Gilsfirth, a wealthy man, but not much of a hero.
an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)
From this reading 989 Thorvald was the name of a man, son of Haldor Garpdale's Priest.
the state of being a married couple voluntarily joined for life (or until divorce)
From this reading XXXIV Gudrun's First Marriage, A.D.
to a great degree or extent
From this reading He lived at Garpsdale in Gilsfirth, a wealthy man, but not much of a hero.
assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to
From this reading 989 Thorvald was the name of a man, son of Haldor Garpdale's Priest.
used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative
From this reading He lived at Garpsdale in Gilsfirth, a wealthy man, but not much of a hero.
belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something
From this reading 989 Thorvald was the name of a man, son of Haldor Garpdale's Priest.
(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age
From this reading At the Thing he wooed Gudrun, Osvif's daughter, when she was fifteen years old.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading At the Thing he wooed Gudrun, Osvif's daughter, when she was fifteen years old.
a clergyman in Christian churches who has the authority to perform or administer various religious rites; one of the Holy Orders
From this reading 989 Thorvald was the name of a man, son of Haldor Garpdale's Priest.
a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject
From this reading At the Thing he wooed Gudrun, Osvif's daughter, when she was fifteen years old.
a male human offspring
From this reading 989 Thorvald was the name of a man, son of Haldor Garpdale's Priest.
used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind
From this reading 989 Thorvald was the name of a man, son of Haldor Garpdale's Priest.
a special situation
From this reading At the Thing he wooed Gudrun, Osvif's daughter, when she was fifteen years old.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading 989 Thorvald was the name of a man, son of Haldor Garpdale's Priest.
the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun
From this reading 989 Thorvald was the name of a man, son of Haldor Garpdale's Priest.
having an abundant supply of money or possessions of value
From this reading He lived at Garpsdale in Gilsfirth, a wealthy man, but not much of a hero.
at the time that
From this reading At the Thing he wooed Gudrun, Osvif's daughter, when she was fifteen years old.
past form of “woo” — seek someone's favor
From this reading At the Thing he wooed Gudrun, Osvif's daughter, when she was fifteen years old.
being four more than thirty
From this reading XXXIV Gudrun's First Marriage, A.D.
a late time of life
From this reading At the Thing he wooed Gudrun, Osvif's daughter, when she was fifteen years old.
Chapter 4 of Laxdæla Saga Translated from the Icelandic by Muriel A. C. [Translator] Press holds 466 sentences, grouped into 94 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.
Chapter 4 holds 466 sentences of Laxdæla Saga Translated from the Icelandic, unabridged, divided into 94 reading sections.
This page carries chapter 4 of Laxdæla Saga Translated from the Icelandic by Muriel A. C. [Translator] Press exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 466 sentences, grouped into 94 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.
Work through the 94 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.
Each of the 94 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.
Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.
Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.
Common questions about reading Laxdæla Saga Translated from the Icelandic by Muriel A. C. [Translator] Press on this page, its source edition and its audio.
Yes. All 3350 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #17803 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.
Project Gutenberg eBook #17803, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.
About 279 minutes of reading across 670 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.
How to work through Laxdæla Saga Translated from the Icelandic section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.
Choose one of the 8 chapters of Laxdæla Saga Translated from the Icelandic to begin.
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Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.
Words and structures a reader meets early in Laxdæla Saga Translated from the Icelandic, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.
