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Layamon's Brut
Layamon's Brut

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Layamon's Brut is here in full — 395 sentences across 79 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/79 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.
When the dyke was dug, and thoroughly deepened, then began they a wall on the dyke over all, and they laid together lime and stone; of machines there was plenty—-five-and-twenty hundred!
In the day they laid the wall, in the night it fell over all, in the morrow they reared it, in the night it gan to tumble!
Full a se'nnight so it them served, each day they raised it, and each night it gan fall!
Then was the king sorry, and sorrowful through all things, so was all the host terribly afraid; for ever they looked when Hengest should come upon them.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Layamon's Brut

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Layamon's Brut is here in full — 395 sentences across 79 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/79 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.
Line 2
When the dyke was dug, and thoroughly deepened, then began they a wall on the dyke over all, and they laid together lime and stone; of machines there was plenty—-five-and-twenty hundred!
Line 3
In the day they laid the wall, in the night it fell over all, in the morrow they reared it, in the night it gan to tumble!
/ɪn ðə deɪ ðeɪ leɪd ðə wɔːl ɪn ðə naɪt ɪt fel ˈoʊvər ɔːl ɪn ðə ˈmɑːroʊ ðeɪ rɪrd ɪt ɪn ðə naɪt ɪt ɡæn tuː ˈtʌmbəl/
Line 4
Full a se'nnight so it them served, each day they raised it, and each night it gan fall!
Line 5
Then was the king sorry, and sorrowful through all things, so was all the host terribly afraid; for ever they looked when Hengest should come upon them.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

deepened verb US /ˈdiːpənd/

past form of “deepen” — make more intense, stronger, or more marked

From this reading “When the dyke was dug, and thoroughly deepened, then began they a wall on the dyke over all, and they laid together lime and stone; of machines there was plenty—-five-and-twenty hundred!”

dug noun US /dʌɡ/

an udder or breast or teat

From this reading “When the dyke was dug, and thoroughly deepened, then began they a wall on the dyke over all, and they laid together lime and stone; of machines there was plenty—-five-and-twenty hundred!”

dyke noun US /daɪk/

(slang) offensive term for a lesbian who is noticeably masculine

From this reading “Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.”

gan verb US /ɡæn/

inflected form of “gin” — separate the seeds from (cotton) with a cotton gin

From this reading “Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.”

lime noun US /laɪm/

a caustic substance produced by heating limestone

From this reading “Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.”

machines noun US /məˈʃiːnz/

plural of “machine” — any mechanical or electrical device that transmits or modifies energy to perform or assist in the performance of human tasks

From this reading “Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.”

reared verb US /rɪrd/

past form of “rear” — stand up on the hind legs, of quadrupeds

From this reading “In the day they laid the wall, in the night it fell over all, in the morrow they reared it, in the night it gan to tumble!”

tumble verb US /ˈtʌmbəl/

fall down, as if collapsing

From this reading “In the day they laid the wall, in the night it fell over all, in the morrow they reared it, in the night it gan to tumble!”

All words in this reading · 80

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.

afraidadjectiveUS /əˈfreɪd/

filled with fear or apprehension

From this reading Then was the king sorry, and sorrowful through all things, so was all the host terribly afraid; for ever they looked when Hengest should come upon them.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.

blewverbUS /bluː/

inflected form of “blow” — exhale hard

From this reading Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.

burnverbUS /bɜːrn/

To consume or be consumed by fire.

From this reading Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Then was the king sorry, and sorrowful through all things, so was all the host terribly afraid; for ever they looked when Hengest should come upon them.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading In the day they laid the wall, in the night it fell over all, in the morrow they reared it, in the night it gan to tumble!

deepenedverbUS /ˈdiːpənd/

past form of “deepen” — make more intense, stronger, or more marked

From this reading When the dyke was dug, and thoroughly deepened, then began they a wall on the dyke over all, and they laid together lime and stone; of machines there was plenty—-five-and-twenty hundred!

dugnounUS /dʌɡ/

an udder or breast or teat

From this reading When the dyke was dug, and thoroughly deepened, then began they a wall on the dyke over all, and they laid together lime and stone; of machines there was plenty—-five-and-twenty hundred!

dykenounUS /daɪk/

(slang) offensive term for a lesbian who is noticeably masculine

From this reading Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading Full a se'nnight so it them served, each day they raised it, and each night it gan fall!

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading Then was the king sorry, and sorrowful through all things, so was all the host terribly afraid; for ever they looked when Hengest should come upon them.

fallverbUS /fɔːl/

descend in free fall under the influence of gravity

From this reading Full a se'nnight so it them served, each day they raised it, and each night it gan fall!

fellverbUS /fel/

cause to fall by or as if by delivering a blow

From this reading In the day they laid the wall, in the night it fell over all, in the morrow they reared it, in the night it gan to tumble!

five-and-twenty

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When the dyke was dug, and thoroughly deepened, then began they a wall on the dyke over all, and they laid together lime and stone; of machines there was plenty—-five-and-twenty hundred!

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Then was the king sorry, and sorrowful through all things, so was all the host terribly afraid; for ever they looked when Hengest should come upon them.

ForthadverbUS /fɔːrθ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.

FulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading Full a se'nnight so it them served, each day they raised it, and each night it gan fall!

ganverbUS /ɡæn/

inflected form of “gin” — separate the seeds from (cotton) with a cotton gin

From this reading Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.

Hengest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then was the king sorry, and sorrowful through all things, so was all the host terribly afraid; for ever they looked when Hengest should come upon them.

hewed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.

hornsnounUS /hɔːrnz/

plural of “horn” — a noisemaker (as at parties or games) that makes a loud noise when you blow through it

From this reading Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.

hostnounUS /hoʊst/

a person who invites guests to a social event (such as a party in his or her own home) and who is responsible for them while they are there

From this reading Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.

hundrednounUS /ˈhʌndrəd/

ten 10s

From this reading When the dyke was dug, and thoroughly deepened, then began they a wall on the dyke over all, and they laid together lime and stone; of machines there was plenty—-five-and-twenty hundred!

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.

kingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.

laidadjectiveUS /leɪd/

set down according to a plan

From this reading When the dyke was dug, and thoroughly deepened, then began they a wall on the dyke over all, and they laid together lime and stone; of machines there was plenty—-five-and-twenty hundred!

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.

limenounUS /laɪm/

a caustic substance produced by heating limestone

From this reading Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.

lookedverbUS /lʊkt/

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading Then was the king sorry, and sorrowful through all things, so was all the host terribly afraid; for ever they looked when Hengest should come upon them.

machinesnounUS /məˈʃiːnz/

plural of “machine” — any mechanical or electrical device that transmits or modifies energy to perform or assist in the performance of human tasks

From this reading Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.

morrownounUS /ˈmɑːroʊ/

the next day

From this reading In the day they laid the wall, in the night it fell over all, in the morrow they reared it, in the night it gan to tumble!

nighadjectiveUS /naɪ/

not far distant in time or space or degree or circumstances

From this reading Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading In the day they laid the wall, in the night it fell over all, in the morrow they reared it, in the night it gan to tumble!

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading When the dyke was dug, and thoroughly deepened, then began they a wall on the dyke over all, and they laid together lime and stone; of machines there was plenty—-five-and-twenty hundred!

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading When the dyke was dug, and thoroughly deepened, then began they a wall on the dyke over all, and they laid together lime and stone; of machines there was plenty—-five-and-twenty hundred!

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.

plentynounUS /ˈplenti/

a full supply

From this reading When the dyke was dug, and thoroughly deepened, then began they a wall on the dyke over all, and they laid together lime and stone; of machines there was plenty—-five-and-twenty hundred!

raisedadjectiveUS /reɪzd/

located or moved above the surround or above the normal position

From this reading Full a se'nnight so it them served, each day they raised it, and each night it gan fall!

rearedverbUS /rɪrd/

past form of “rear” — stand up on the hind legs, of quadrupeds

From this reading In the day they laid the wall, in the night it fell over all, in the morrow they reared it, in the night it gan to tumble!

runverbUS /rʌn/

move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.

se'nnight

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Full a se'nnight so it them served, each day they raised it, and each night it gan fall!

servedverbUS /sɜːrvd/

past form of “serve” — serve a purpose, role, or function

From this reading Full a se'nnight so it them served, each day they raised it, and each night it gan fall!

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading Then was the king sorry, and sorrowful through all things, so was all the host terribly afraid; for ever they looked when Hengest should come upon them.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Full a se'nnight so it them served, each day they raised it, and each night it gan fall!

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.

sorrowfuladjectiveUS /ˈsɑːroʊfəl/

experiencing or marked by or expressing sorrow especially that associated with irreparable loss

From this reading Then was the king sorry, and sorrowful through all things, so was all the host terribly afraid; for ever they looked when Hengest should come upon them.

sorryadjectiveUS /ˈsɑːri/

feeling or expressing regret or sorrow or a sense of loss over something done or undone

From this reading Then was the king sorry, and sorrowful through all things, so was all the host terribly afraid; for ever they looked when Hengest should come upon them.

stonenounUS /stoʊn/

a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading When the dyke was dug, and thoroughly deepened, then began they a wall on the dyke over all, and they laid together lime and stone; of machines there was plenty—-five-and-twenty hundred!

terriblyadverbUS /ˈterəbli/

used as intensifiers

From this reading Then was the king sorry, and sorrowful through all things, so was all the host terribly afraid; for ever they looked when Hengest should come upon them.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Full a se'nnight so it them served, each day they raised it, and each night it gan fall!

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading When the dyke was dug, and thoroughly deepened, then began they a wall on the dyke over all, and they laid together lime and stone; of machines there was plenty—-five-and-twenty hundred!

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading Then was the king sorry, and sorrowful through all things, so was all the host terribly afraid; for ever they looked when Hengest should come upon them.

thitheradverbUS /ˈðɪθɜːr/

an old word meaning “to that place”

From this reading Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.

thoroughlyadverbUS /ˈθɜːroʊli/

in an exhaustive manner

From this reading When the dyke was dug, and thoroughly deepened, then began they a wall on the dyke over all, and they laid together lime and stone; of machines there was plenty—-five-and-twenty hundred!

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading Then was the king sorry, and sorrowful through all things, so was all the host terribly afraid; for ever they looked when Hengest should come upon them.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading When the dyke was dug, and thoroughly deepened, then began they a wall on the dyke over all, and they laid together lime and stone; of machines there was plenty—-five-and-twenty hundred!

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.

tumbleverbUS /ˈtʌmbəl/

fall down, as if collapsing

From this reading In the day they laid the wall, in the night it fell over all, in the morrow they reared it, in the night it gan to tumble!

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Then was the king sorry, and sorrowful through all things, so was all the host terribly afraid; for ever they looked when Hengest should come upon them.

Vortiger's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.

wallnounUS /wɔːl/

an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading When the dyke was dug, and thoroughly deepened, then began they a wall on the dyke over all, and they laid together lime and stone; of machines there was plenty—-five-and-twenty hundred!

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading When the dyke was dug, and thoroughly deepened, then began they a wall on the dyke over all, and they laid together lime and stone; of machines there was plenty—-five-and-twenty hundred!

Welsh-land

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.

westnounUS /west/

the countries of (originally) Europe and (now including) North America and South America

From this reading Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Forth went the king, and the host with him; when they thither came, a dyke they began soon; horns there blew, machines hewed; lime they gan to burn, and over the land to run, and all west Welsh-land set in Vortiger's hand; all they it took, that they nigh came.

Chapter 2 of Layamon's Brut by active 1200 Layamon holds 395 sentences, grouped into 79 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of Layamon's Brut contain?

Chapter 2 holds 395 sentences of Layamon's Brut, unabridged, divided into 79 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of Layamon's Brut by active 1200 Layamon exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 395 sentences, grouped into 79 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of Layamon's Brut?

Work through the 79 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 79 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Layamon's Brut

Common questions about reading Layamon's Brut by active 1200 Layamon on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Layamon's Brut?

Yes. All 2400 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #14305 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Layamon's Brut is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #14305, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Layamon's Brut take to read?

About 200 minutes of reading across 480 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Layamon's Brut section by section

How to work through Layamon's Brut section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 6 chapters of Layamon's Brut to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Layamon's Brut

Words and structures a reader meets early in Layamon's Brut, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Totnes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Layamon's Brut; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Constantin
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Layamon's Brut; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Ashore
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Layamon's Brut; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Thither
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Layamon's Brut; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.