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Le Petit Chose (Histoire d'un Enfant)
Le Petit Chose (Histoire d'un Enfant)

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Le Petit Chose (Histoire d'un Enfant) is here in full — 440 sentences across 88 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Le Petit Chose (Histoire d'un Enfant)
Context Illustration Reading 1/88 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
_First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.
If this is done the _viva voce_ practice will gain in definiteness and precision without in the least preventing spontaneous questions being asked _ad libitum_.
(2) _Sujets de Rédaction_, which are intended to offer something better than the usual subjects set for Free Composition,” and have the supreme advantage of being connected with the work in hand.
Sufficient guidance is given to enable every pupil to deal with the topic in a sensible manner; but at the same time there remains ample scope for the exercise of ingenuity and imagination, and the effort of composition cannot fail to test and to cultivate a faculty for giving expression to whatever knowledge the pupil has gathered in his reading.
Whether these subjects are to be handled _viva voce_ or in writing must be left to the decision of the teacher.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Le Petit Chose (Histoire d'un Enfant)

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Le Petit Chose (Histoire d'un Enfant) is here in full — 440 sentences across 88 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/88 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
_First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.
Line 2
If this is done the _viva voce_ practice will gain in definiteness and precision without in the least preventing spontaneous questions being asked _ad libitum_.
Line 3
(2) _Sujets de Rédaction_, which are intended to offer something better than the usual subjects set forFree Composition,” and have the supreme advantage of being connected with the work in hand.
Line 4
Sufficient guidance is given to enable every pupil to deal with the topic in a sensible manner; but at the same time there remains ample scope for the exercise of ingenuity and imagination, and the effort of composition cannot fail to test and to cultivate a faculty for giving expression to whatever knowledge the pupil has gathered in his reading.
Line 5
Whether these subjects are to be handled _viva voce_ or in writing must be left to the decision of the teacher.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

appendices noun US /əˈpendɪsiːz/

plural of “appendix” — supplementary material that is collected and appended at the back of a book

From this reading “_First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.”

cultivate verb US /ˈkʌltəveɪt/

foster the growth of

From this reading “Sufficient guidance is given to enable every pupil to deal with the topic in a sensible manner; but at the same time there remains ample scope for the exercise of ingenuity and imagination, and the effort of composition cannot fail to test and to cultivate a faculty for giving expression to whatever knowledge the pupil has gathered in his reading.”

preventing verb US /prɪˈventɪŋ/

-ing form of “prevent” — keep from happening or arising; make impossible

From this reading “If this is done the _viva voce_ practice will gain in definiteness and precision without in the least preventing spontaneous questions being asked _ad libitum_.”

Questionnaires noun US /ˌkwestʃəˈnerz/

plural of “questionnaire” — a form containing a set of questions; submitted to people to gain statistical information

spontaneous adjective US /spɑːnˈteɪniəs/

happening or arising without apparent external cause

From this reading “If this is done the _viva voce_ practice will gain in definiteness and precision without in the least preventing spontaneous questions being asked _ad libitum_.”

teacher's noun US /ˈtiːtʃərz/

possessive form of “teacher” — a person whose occupation is teaching

usurp verb US /ˌjuːˈsɜːrp/

seize and take control without authority and possibly with force; take as one's right or possession

From this reading “_First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.”

viva noun US /ˈviːvə/

an examination conducted by spoken communication

All words in this reading · 140

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

1911

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

2

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading (2) _Sujets de Rédaction_, which are intended to offer something better than the usual subjects set for “Free Composition,” and have the supreme advantage of being connected with the work in hand.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Sufficient guidance is given to enable every pupil to deal with the topic in a sensible manner; but at the same time there remains ample scope for the exercise of ingenuity and imagination, and the effort of composition cannot fail to test and to cultivate a faculty for giving expression to whatever knowledge the pupil has gathered in his reading.

adnounUS /æd/

a public promotion of some product or service

From this reading If this is done the _viva voce_ practice will gain in definiteness and precision without in the least preventing spontaneous questions being asked _ad libitum_.

addedverbUS /ˈædəd/

past form of “add” — make an addition (to); join or combine or unite with others; increase the quality, quantity, size or scope of

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

advantagenounUS /ædˈvæntɪdʒ/

the quality of having a superior or more favorable position

From this reading (2) _Sujets de Rédaction_, which are intended to offer something better than the usual subjects set for “Free Composition,” and have the supreme advantage of being connected with the work in hand.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

ampleadjectiveUS /ˈæmpəl/

more than enough in size or scope or capacity

From this reading Sufficient guidance is given to enable every pupil to deal with the topic in a sensible manner; but at the same time there remains ample scope for the exercise of ingenuity and imagination, and the effort of composition cannot fail to test and to cultivate a faculty for giving expression to whatever knowledge the pupil has gathered in his reading.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading If this is done the _viva voce_ practice will gain in definiteness and precision without in the least preventing spontaneous questions being asked _ad libitum_.

answersnounUS /ˈænsərz/

plural of “answer” — a statement (either spoken or written) that is made to reply to a question or request or criticism or accusation

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

appearverbUS /əˈpɪr/

give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

appendicesnounUS /əˈpendɪsiːz/

plural of “appendix” — supplementary material that is collected and appended at the back of a book

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

AprilnounUS /ˈeɪprəl/

the month following March and preceding May

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

askedverbUS /æskt/

past form of “ask” — make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading If this is done the _viva voce_ practice will gain in definiteness and precision without in the least preventing spontaneous questions being asked _ad libitum_.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Sufficient guidance is given to enable every pupil to deal with the topic in a sensible manner; but at the same time there remains ample scope for the exercise of ingenuity and imagination, and the effort of composition cannot fail to test and to cultivate a faculty for giving expression to whatever knowledge the pupil has gathered in his reading.

attentionnounUS /əˈtenʃən/

the process whereby a person concentrates on some features of the environment to the (relative) exclusion of others

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading If this is done the _viva voce_ practice will gain in definiteness and precision without in the least preventing spontaneous questions being asked _ad libitum_.

betteradjectiveUS /ˈbetər/

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading (2) _Sujets de Rédaction_, which are intended to offer something better than the usual subjects set for “Free Composition,” and have the supreme advantage of being connected with the work in hand.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

cannot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Sufficient guidance is given to enable every pupil to deal with the topic in a sensible manner; but at the same time there remains ample scope for the exercise of ingenuity and imagination, and the effort of composition cannot fail to test and to cultivate a faculty for giving expression to whatever knowledge the pupil has gathered in his reading.

carefullyadverbUS /ˈkerfəli/

taking care or paying attention

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

CompositionnounUS /ˌkɑːmpəˈzɪʃən/

the spatial property resulting from the arrangement of parts in relation to each other and to the whole

From this reading (2) _Sujets de Rédaction_, which are intended to offer something better than the usual subjects set for “Free Composition,” and have the supreme advantage of being connected with the work in hand.

connectedadjectiveUS /kəˈnektɪd/

being joined in close association

From this reading (2) _Sujets de Rédaction_, which are intended to offer something better than the usual subjects set for “Free Composition,” and have the supreme advantage of being connected with the work in hand.

cultivateverbUS /ˈkʌltəveɪt/

foster the growth of

From this reading Sufficient guidance is given to enable every pupil to deal with the topic in a sensible manner; but at the same time there remains ample scope for the exercise of ingenuity and imagination, and the effort of composition cannot fail to test and to cultivate a faculty for giving expression to whatever knowledge the pupil has gathered in his reading.

denounUS /diː/

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading (2) _Sujets de Rédaction_, which are intended to offer something better than the usual subjects set for “Free Composition,” and have the supreme advantage of being connected with the work in hand.

dealverbUS /diːl/

act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression

From this reading Sufficient guidance is given to enable every pupil to deal with the topic in a sensible manner; but at the same time there remains ample scope for the exercise of ingenuity and imagination, and the effort of composition cannot fail to test and to cultivate a faculty for giving expression to whatever knowledge the pupil has gathered in his reading.

decisionnounUS /dɪˈsɪʒən/

the act of making up your mind about something

From this reading Whether these subjects are to be handled _viva voce_ or in writing must be left to the decision of the teacher.

definitenessnoun

the quality of being predictable with great confidence

From this reading If this is done the _viva voce_ practice will gain in definiteness and precision without in the least preventing spontaneous questions being asked _ad libitum_.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading If this is done the _viva voce_ practice will gain in definiteness and precision without in the least preventing spontaneous questions being asked _ad libitum_.

EditionnounUS /əˈdɪʃən/

the form in which a text (especially a printed book) is published

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

effortnounUS /ˈefərt/

earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something

From this reading Sufficient guidance is given to enable every pupil to deal with the topic in a sensible manner; but at the same time there remains ample scope for the exercise of ingenuity and imagination, and the effort of composition cannot fail to test and to cultivate a faculty for giving expression to whatever knowledge the pupil has gathered in his reading.

enableverbUS /eˈneɪbəl/

render capable or able for some task

From this reading Sufficient guidance is given to enable every pupil to deal with the topic in a sensible manner; but at the same time there remains ample scope for the exercise of ingenuity and imagination, and the effort of composition cannot fail to test and to cultivate a faculty for giving expression to whatever knowledge the pupil has gathered in his reading.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading Sufficient guidance is given to enable every pupil to deal with the topic in a sensible manner; but at the same time there remains ample scope for the exercise of ingenuity and imagination, and the effort of composition cannot fail to test and to cultivate a faculty for giving expression to whatever knowledge the pupil has gathered in his reading.

exercisenounUS /ˈeksərsaɪz/

the activity of exerting your muscles in various ways to keep fit

From this reading Sufficient guidance is given to enable every pupil to deal with the topic in a sensible manner; but at the same time there remains ample scope for the exercise of ingenuity and imagination, and the effort of composition cannot fail to test and to cultivate a faculty for giving expression to whatever knowledge the pupil has gathered in his reading.

expressionnounUS /ɪkˈspreʃən/

the feelings expressed on a person's face

From this reading Sufficient guidance is given to enable every pupil to deal with the topic in a sensible manner; but at the same time there remains ample scope for the exercise of ingenuity and imagination, and the effort of composition cannot fail to test and to cultivate a faculty for giving expression to whatever knowledge the pupil has gathered in his reading.

facultynounUS /ˈfækəlti/

one of the inherent cognitive or perceptual powers of the mind

From this reading Sufficient guidance is given to enable every pupil to deal with the topic in a sensible manner; but at the same time there remains ample scope for the exercise of ingenuity and imagination, and the effort of composition cannot fail to test and to cultivate a faculty for giving expression to whatever knowledge the pupil has gathered in his reading.

failverbUS /feɪl/

fail to do something; leave something undone

From this reading Sufficient guidance is given to enable every pupil to deal with the topic in a sensible manner; but at the same time there remains ample scope for the exercise of ingenuity and imagination, and the effort of composition cannot fail to test and to cultivate a faculty for giving expression to whatever knowledge the pupil has gathered in his reading.

FirstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

FreeverbUS /friː/

grant freedom to; free from confinement

From this reading (2) _Sujets de Rédaction_, which are intended to offer something better than the usual subjects set for “Free Composition,” and have the supreme advantage of being connected with the work in hand.

freedomnounUS /ˈfriːdəm/

the condition of being free; the power to act or speak or think without externally imposed restraints

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

gainverbUS /ɡeɪn/

obtain

From this reading If this is done the _viva voce_ practice will gain in definiteness and precision without in the least preventing spontaneous questions being asked _ad libitum_.

gatheredadjectiveUS /ˈɡæðərd/

brought together in one place

From this reading Sufficient guidance is given to enable every pupil to deal with the topic in a sensible manner; but at the same time there remains ample scope for the exercise of ingenuity and imagination, and the effort of composition cannot fail to test and to cultivate a faculty for giving expression to whatever knowledge the pupil has gathered in his reading.

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading Sufficient guidance is given to enable every pupil to deal with the topic in a sensible manner; but at the same time there remains ample scope for the exercise of ingenuity and imagination, and the effort of composition cannot fail to test and to cultivate a faculty for giving expression to whatever knowledge the pupil has gathered in his reading.

givingnounUS /ˈɡɪvɪŋ/

the act of giving

From this reading Sufficient guidance is given to enable every pupil to deal with the topic in a sensible manner; but at the same time there remains ample scope for the exercise of ingenuity and imagination, and the effort of composition cannot fail to test and to cultivate a faculty for giving expression to whatever knowledge the pupil has gathered in his reading.

guidancenounUS /ˈɡaɪdəns/

something that provides direction or advice as to a decision or course of action

From this reading Sufficient guidance is given to enable every pupil to deal with the topic in a sensible manner; but at the same time there remains ample scope for the exercise of ingenuity and imagination, and the effort of composition cannot fail to test and to cultivate a faculty for giving expression to whatever knowledge the pupil has gathered in his reading.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading (2) _Sujets de Rédaction_, which are intended to offer something better than the usual subjects set for “Free Composition,” and have the supreme advantage of being connected with the work in hand.

handledadjectiveUS /ˈhændəld/

having a usually specified type of handle

From this reading Whether these subjects are to be handled _viva voce_ or in writing must be left to the decision of the teacher.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Sufficient guidance is given to enable every pupil to deal with the topic in a sensible manner; but at the same time there remains ample scope for the exercise of ingenuity and imagination, and the effort of composition cannot fail to test and to cultivate a faculty for giving expression to whatever knowledge the pupil has gathered in his reading.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Sufficient guidance is given to enable every pupil to deal with the topic in a sensible manner; but at the same time there remains ample scope for the exercise of ingenuity and imagination, and the effort of composition cannot fail to test and to cultivate a faculty for giving expression to whatever knowledge the pupil has gathered in his reading.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading If this is done the _viva voce_ practice will gain in definiteness and precision without in the least preventing spontaneous questions being asked _ad libitum_.

imaginationnounUS /ˌɪmædʒəˈneɪʃən/

the formation of a mental image of something that is not perceived as real and is not present to the senses

From this reading Sufficient guidance is given to enable every pupil to deal with the topic in a sensible manner; but at the same time there remains ample scope for the exercise of ingenuity and imagination, and the effort of composition cannot fail to test and to cultivate a faculty for giving expression to whatever knowledge the pupil has gathered in his reading.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

ingenuitynounUS /ˌɪndʒəˈnuːətiː/

the power of creative imagination

From this reading Sufficient guidance is given to enable every pupil to deal with the topic in a sensible manner; but at the same time there remains ample scope for the exercise of ingenuity and imagination, and the effort of composition cannot fail to test and to cultivate a faculty for giving expression to whatever knowledge the pupil has gathered in his reading.

intendedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtendɪd/

resulting from one's intentions

From this reading (2) _Sujets de Rédaction_, which are intended to offer something better than the usual subjects set for “Free Composition,” and have the supreme advantage of being connected with the work in hand.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading If this is done the _viva voce_ practice will gain in definiteness and precision without in the least preventing spontaneous questions being asked _ad libitum_.

knowledgenounUS /ˈnɑːlədʒ/

the psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning

From this reading Sufficient guidance is given to enable every pupil to deal with the topic in a sensible manner; but at the same time there remains ample scope for the exercise of ingenuity and imagination, and the effort of composition cannot fail to test and to cultivate a faculty for giving expression to whatever knowledge the pupil has gathered in his reading.

languagenounUS /ˈlæŋɡwədʒ/

a systematic means of communicating by the use of sounds or conventional symbols

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

leastadjectiveUS /liːst/

the superlative of “little” that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by “the”; a quantifier meaning smallest in amount or extent or degree

From this reading If this is done the _viva voce_ practice will gain in definiteness and precision without in the least preventing spontaneous questions being asked _ad libitum_.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading Whether these subjects are to be handled _viva voce_ or in writing must be left to the decision of the teacher.

libitum

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If this is done the _viva voce_ practice will gain in definiteness and precision without in the least preventing spontaneous questions being asked _ad libitum_.

mannernounUS /ˈmænər/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Sufficient guidance is given to enable every pupil to deal with the topic in a sensible manner; but at the same time there remains ample scope for the exercise of ingenuity and imagination, and the effort of composition cannot fail to test and to cultivate a faculty for giving expression to whatever knowledge the pupil has gathered in his reading.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

meantverbUS /ment/

inflected form of “mean” — mean or intend to express or convey

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading Whether these subjects are to be handled _viva voce_ or in writing must be left to the decision of the teacher.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

NOTEnounUS /noʊt/

a brief written record

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

offerverbUS /ˈɔːfər/

make available or accessible, provide or furnish

From this reading (2) _Sujets de Rédaction_, which are intended to offer something better than the usual subjects set for “Free Composition,” and have the supreme advantage of being connected with the work in hand.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Whether these subjects are to be handled _viva voce_ or in writing must be left to the decision of the teacher.

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

portionsnounUS /ˈpɔːrʃənz/

plural of “portion” — something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

practicenounUS /ˈpræktəs/

a customary way of operation or behavior

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

precisionnounUS /priˈsɪʒən/

the quality of being reproducible in amount or performance

From this reading If this is done the _viva voce_ practice will gain in definiteness and precision without in the least preventing spontaneous questions being asked _ad libitum_.

PREFATORYadjective

serving as an introduction or preface

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

preparedadjectiveUS /priˈperd/

made ready or fit or suitable beforehand

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

preventingverbUS /prɪˈventɪŋ/

-ing form of “prevent” — keep from happening or arising; make impossible

From this reading If this is done the _viva voce_ practice will gain in definiteness and precision without in the least preventing spontaneous questions being asked _ad libitum_.

pupilnounUS /ˈpjuːpəl/

a learner who is enrolled in an educational institution

From this reading Sufficient guidance is given to enable every pupil to deal with the topic in a sensible manner; but at the same time there remains ample scope for the exercise of ingenuity and imagination, and the effort of composition cannot fail to test and to cultivate a faculty for giving expression to whatever knowledge the pupil has gathered in his reading.

pupilsnounUS /ˈpjuːpəlz/

plural of “pupil” — a learner who is enrolled in an educational institution

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

QuestionnairesnounUS /ˌkwestʃəˈnerz/

plural of “questionnaire” — a form containing a set of questions; submitted to people to gain statistical information

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

questionsnounUS /ˈkwestʃənz/

plural of “question” — an instance of questioning

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

readverbUS /red/

interpret something that is written or printed

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

readingnounUS /ˈriːdɪŋ/

the cognitive process of understanding a written linguistic message

From this reading Sufficient guidance is given to enable every pupil to deal with the topic in a sensible manner; but at the same time there remains ample scope for the exercise of ingenuity and imagination, and the effort of composition cannot fail to test and to cultivate a faculty for giving expression to whatever knowledge the pupil has gathered in his reading.

referverbUS /rəˈfɜːr/

make reference to

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

remainsnounUS /rɪˈmeɪnz/

any object that is left unused or still extant

From this reading Sufficient guidance is given to enable every pupil to deal with the topic in a sensible manner; but at the same time there remains ample scope for the exercise of ingenuity and imagination, and the effort of composition cannot fail to test and to cultivate a faculty for giving expression to whatever knowledge the pupil has gathered in his reading.

Rédaction

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading (2) _Sujets de Rédaction_, which are intended to offer something better than the usual subjects set for “Free Composition,” and have the supreme advantage of being connected with the work in hand.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading Sufficient guidance is given to enable every pupil to deal with the topic in a sensible manner; but at the same time there remains ample scope for the exercise of ingenuity and imagination, and the effort of composition cannot fail to test and to cultivate a faculty for giving expression to whatever knowledge the pupil has gathered in his reading.

scopenounUS /skoʊp/

an area in which something acts or operates or has power or control: "the range of a supersonic jet"

From this reading Sufficient guidance is given to enable every pupil to deal with the topic in a sensible manner; but at the same time there remains ample scope for the exercise of ingenuity and imagination, and the effort of composition cannot fail to test and to cultivate a faculty for giving expression to whatever knowledge the pupil has gathered in his reading.

selectadjectiveUS /səˈlekt/

of superior grade

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

sensibleadjectiveUS /ˈsensəbəl/

showing reason or sound judgment

From this reading Sufficient guidance is given to enable every pupil to deal with the topic in a sensible manner; but at the same time there remains ample scope for the exercise of ingenuity and imagination, and the effort of composition cannot fail to test and to cultivate a faculty for giving expression to whatever knowledge the pupil has gathered in his reading.

SeriesnounUS /ˈsɪriz/

similar things placed in order or happening one after another

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading (2) _Sujets de Rédaction_, which are intended to offer something better than the usual subjects set for “Free Composition,” and have the supreme advantage of being connected with the work in hand.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

somethingpronounUS /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading (2) _Sujets de Rédaction_, which are intended to offer something better than the usual subjects set for “Free Composition,” and have the supreme advantage of being connected with the work in hand.

spontaneousadjectiveUS /spɑːnˈteɪniəs/

happening or arising without apparent external cause

From this reading If this is done the _viva voce_ practice will gain in definiteness and precision without in the least preventing spontaneous questions being asked _ad libitum_.

subjectsnounUS /ˈsʌbdʒɪkts/

plural of “subject” — the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading (2) _Sujets de Rédaction_, which are intended to offer something better than the usual subjects set for “Free Composition,” and have the supreme advantage of being connected with the work in hand.

SufficientadjectiveUS /səˈfɪʃənt/

of a quantity that can fulfill a need or requirement but without being abundant

From this reading Sufficient guidance is given to enable every pupil to deal with the topic in a sensible manner; but at the same time there remains ample scope for the exercise of ingenuity and imagination, and the effort of composition cannot fail to test and to cultivate a faculty for giving expression to whatever knowledge the pupil has gathered in his reading.

Sujets

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading (2) _Sujets de Rédaction_, which are intended to offer something better than the usual subjects set for “Free Composition,” and have the supreme advantage of being connected with the work in hand.

supremeadjectiveUS /səˈpriːm/

final or last in your life or progress

From this reading (2) _Sujets de Rédaction_, which are intended to offer something better than the usual subjects set for “Free Composition,” and have the supreme advantage of being connected with the work in hand.

teachernounUS /ˈtiːtʃər/

a person whose occupation is teaching

From this reading Whether these subjects are to be handled _viva voce_ or in writing must be left to the decision of the teacher.

teacher'snounUS /ˈtiːtʃərz/

possessive form of “teacher” — a person whose occupation is teaching

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

testnounUS /test/

trying something to find out about it

From this reading Sufficient guidance is given to enable every pupil to deal with the topic in a sensible manner; but at the same time there remains ample scope for the exercise of ingenuity and imagination, and the effort of composition cannot fail to test and to cultivate a faculty for giving expression to whatever knowledge the pupil has gathered in his reading.

textnounUS /tekst/

the words of something written

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading (2) _Sujets de Rédaction_, which are intended to offer something better than the usual subjects set for “Free Composition,” and have the supreme advantage of being connected with the work in hand.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Sufficient guidance is given to enable every pupil to deal with the topic in a sensible manner; but at the same time there remains ample scope for the exercise of ingenuity and imagination, and the effort of composition cannot fail to test and to cultivate a faculty for giving expression to whatever knowledge the pupil has gathered in his reading.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Whether these subjects are to be handled _viva voce_ or in writing must be left to the decision of the teacher.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Sufficient guidance is given to enable every pupil to deal with the topic in a sensible manner; but at the same time there remains ample scope for the exercise of ingenuity and imagination, and the effort of composition cannot fail to test and to cultivate a faculty for giving expression to whatever knowledge the pupil has gathered in his reading.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

topicnounUS /ˈtɑːpɪk/

the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading Sufficient guidance is given to enable every pupil to deal with the topic in a sensible manner; but at the same time there remains ample scope for the exercise of ingenuity and imagination, and the effort of composition cannot fail to test and to cultivate a faculty for giving expression to whatever knowledge the pupil has gathered in his reading.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

usualadjectiveUS /ˈjuːʒəwəl/

occurring or encountered or experienced or observed frequently or in accordance with regular practice or procedure

From this reading (2) _Sujets de Rédaction_, which are intended to offer something better than the usual subjects set for “Free Composition,” and have the supreme advantage of being connected with the work in hand.

usurpverbUS /ˌjuːˈsɜːrp/

seize and take control without authority and possibly with force; take as one's right or possession

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

vivanounUS /ˈviːvə/

an examination conducted by spoken communication

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

voce

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

volumenounUS /ˈvɑːljuːm/

the amount of 3-dimensional space occupied by an object

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

whateverdeterminerUS /ˌwʌˈtevər/

any or all of a kind, it does not matter which

From this reading Sufficient guidance is given to enable every pupil to deal with the topic in a sensible manner; but at the same time there remains ample scope for the exercise of ingenuity and imagination, and the effort of composition cannot fail to test and to cultivate a faculty for giving expression to whatever knowledge the pupil has gathered in his reading.

WhetherconjunctionUS /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading Whether these subjects are to be handled _viva voce_ or in writing must be left to the decision of the teacher.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading _First Edition April_ 1911 PREFATORY NOTE In this volume appear two new appendices, which will also be added to all others of our Series: (1) _Questionnaires_, which are not meant to usurp the teacher’s freedom in _viva voce_ practice of the language, but to select for attention certain questions, so that their answers may be carefully prepared by the pupils after the portions of the text to which they refer have been read through.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading (2) _Sujets de Rédaction_, which are intended to offer something better than the usual subjects set for “Free Composition,” and have the supreme advantage of being connected with the work in hand.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading If this is done the _viva voce_ practice will gain in definiteness and precision without in the least preventing spontaneous questions being asked _ad libitum_.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading (2) _Sujets de Rédaction_, which are intended to offer something better than the usual subjects set for “Free Composition,” and have the supreme advantage of being connected with the work in hand.

writingnounUS /ˈraɪtɪŋ/

the act of creating written works

From this reading Whether these subjects are to be handled _viva voce_ or in writing must be left to the decision of the teacher.

Chapter 1 of Le Petit Chose (Histoire d'un Enfant) by Alphonse Daudet holds 440 sentences, grouped into 88 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Le Petit Chose (Histoire d'un Enfant) contain?

Chapter 1 holds 440 sentences of Le Petit Chose (Histoire d'un Enfant), unabridged, divided into 88 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Le Petit Chose (Histoire d'un Enfant) by Alphonse Daudet exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 440 sentences, grouped into 88 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Le Petit Chose (Histoire d'un Enfant)?

Work through the 88 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 88 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Le Petit Chose (Histoire d'un Enfant)

Common questions about reading Le Petit Chose (Histoire d'un Enfant) by Alphonse Daudet on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Le Petit Chose (Histoire d'un Enfant)?

Yes. All 4235 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #27737 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Le Petit Chose (Histoire d'un Enfant) is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #27737, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Le Petit Chose (Histoire d'un Enfant) take to read?

About 352 minutes of reading across 847 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Le Petit Chose (Histoire d'un Enfant) section by section

How to work through Le Petit Chose (Histoire d'un Enfant) section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 10 chapters of Le Petit Chose (Histoire d'un Enfant) to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Le Petit Chose (Histoire d'un Enfant)

Words and structures a reader meets early in Le Petit Chose (Histoire d'un Enfant), each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

First
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Le Petit Chose (Histoire d'un Enfant); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Edition
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Le Petit Chose (Histoire d'un Enfant); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
April
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Le Petit Chose (Histoire d'un Enfant); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Prefatory
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Le Petit Chose (Histoire d'un Enfant); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.