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Learning and Other Essays
Learning and Other Essays

Chapter V

Chapter 5 of Learning and Other Essays is here in full — 437 sentences across 88 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/87 · 5 lines
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The state of mind in which Christ lived is the truth he taught.
How he reached that state of mind we do not know; how he maintained it, and what it is, he spent the last two years of his life in expressing.
Whatever he was saying or doing, he was always conveying the same truth--the whole of it.
It was never twice alike and yet it was always the same; even when he spoke very few words, as to Pilate “Thou sayest it,” or to Peter “Feed my sheep”; or when he said nothing, but wrote on the ground.
He not only expressed this truth because he could not help expressing it, but because he wished and strove to express it.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
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Learning and Other Essays

Chapter V

Chapter 5 of Learning and Other Essays is here in full — 437 sentences across 88 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/87 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The state of mind in which Christ lived is the truth he taught.
/ðə steɪt ʌv maɪnd ɪn wɪtʃ kraɪst lɪvd ɪz ðə truːθ hiː tɔːt/
Line 2
How he reached that state of mind we do not know; how he maintained it, and what it is, he spent the last two years of his life in expressing.
Line 3
Whatever he was saying or doing, he was always conveying the same truth--the whole of it.
Line 4
It was never twice alike and yet it was always the same; even when he spoke very few words, as to Pilate “Thou sayest it,” or to Peter “Feed my sheep”; or when he said nothing, but wrote on the ground.
Line 5
He not only expressed this truth because he could not help expressing it, but because he wished and strove to express it.
/hiː nɑːt ˈoʊnli ɪkˈsprest ðɪs truːθ bɪˈkɔːz hiː kʊd nɑːt help ɪkˈspresɪŋ ɪt bʌt bɪˈkɔːz hiː wɪʃt ənd stroʊv tuː ɪkˈspres ɪt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

alike adverb US /əˈlaɪk/

equally

From this reading “It was never twice alike and yet it was always the same; even when he spoke very few words, as to Pilate “Thou sayest it,” or to Peter “Feed my sheep”; or when he said nothing, but wrote on the ground.”

Christ noun US /kraɪst/

a teacher and prophet born in Bethlehem and active in Nazareth; his life and sermons form the basis for Christianity (circa 4 BC - AD 29)

From this reading “The state of mind in which Christ lived is the truth he taught.”

conveying noun US /kənˈveɪɪŋ/

act of transferring property title from one person to another

From this reading “Whatever he was saying or doing, he was always conveying the same truth--the whole of it.”

expressing verb US /ɪkˈspresɪŋ/

-ing form of “express” — give expression to

From this reading “How he reached that state of mind we do not know; how he maintained it, and what it is, he spent the last two years of his life in expressing.”

Feed verb US /fiːd/

provide as food

From this reading “It was never twice alike and yet it was always the same; even when he spoke very few words, as to Pilate “Thou sayest it,” or to Peter “Feed my sheep”; or when he said nothing, but wrote on the ground.”

maintained adjective US /meɪnˈteɪnd/

kept in good condition

From this reading “How he reached that state of mind we do not know; how he maintained it, and what it is, he spent the last two years of his life in expressing.”

Pilate noun US /ˈpaɪlʌt/

the Roman procurator of Judea who ordered that Jesus be crucified (died in AD 36)

From this reading “It was never twice alike and yet it was always the same; even when he spoke very few words, as to Pilate “Thou sayest it,” or to Peter “Feed my sheep”; or when he said nothing, but wrote on the ground.”

strove verb US /stroʊv/

inflected form of “strive” — attempt by employing effort

From this reading “He not only expressed this truth because he could not help expressing it, but because he wished and strove to express it.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

few words adjective + noun

In this reading “It was never twice alike and yet it was always the same; even when he spoke very few words, as to Pilate “Thou sayest it,” or to Peter “Feed my sheep”; or when he said nothing, but wrote on the ground.”

two years noun + noun

In this reading “How he reached that state of mind we do not know; how he maintained it, and what it is, he spent the last two years of his life in expressing.”

on the ground preposition + article + noun counted as “on … ground”

In this reading “It was never twice alike and yet it was always the same; even when he spoke very few words, as to Pilate “Thou sayest it,” or to Peter “Feed my sheep”; or when he said nothing, but wrote on the ground.”

last two adjective + noun

In this reading “How he reached that state of mind we do not know; how he maintained it, and what it is, he spent the last two years of his life in expressing.”

All words in this reading · 73

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

alikeadverbUS /əˈlaɪk/

equally

From this reading It was never twice alike and yet it was always the same; even when he spoke very few words, as to Pilate “Thou sayest it,” or to Peter “Feed my sheep”; or when he said nothing, but wrote on the ground.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading Whatever he was saying or doing, he was always conveying the same truth--the whole of it.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading How he reached that state of mind we do not know; how he maintained it, and what it is, he spent the last two years of his life in expressing.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading It was never twice alike and yet it was always the same; even when he spoke very few words, as to Pilate “Thou sayest it,” or to Peter “Feed my sheep”; or when he said nothing, but wrote on the ground.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading He not only expressed this truth because he could not help expressing it, but because he wished and strove to express it.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading It was never twice alike and yet it was always the same; even when he spoke very few words, as to Pilate “Thou sayest it,” or to Peter “Feed my sheep”; or when he said nothing, but wrote on the ground.

ChristnounUS /kraɪst/

a teacher and prophet born in Bethlehem and active in Nazareth; his life and sermons form the basis for Christianity (circa 4 BC - AD 29)

From this reading The state of mind in which Christ lived is the truth he taught.

conveyingnounUS /kənˈveɪɪŋ/

act of transferring property title from one person to another

From this reading Whatever he was saying or doing, he was always conveying the same truth--the whole of it.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading He not only expressed this truth because he could not help expressing it, but because he wished and strove to express it.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading How he reached that state of mind we do not know; how he maintained it, and what it is, he spent the last two years of his life in expressing.

doingverbUS /ˈduːɪŋ/

-ing form of “do” — engage in

From this reading Whatever he was saying or doing, he was always conveying the same truth--the whole of it.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading It was never twice alike and yet it was always the same; even when he spoke very few words, as to Pilate “Thou sayest it,” or to Peter “Feed my sheep”; or when he said nothing, but wrote on the ground.

expressverbUS /ɪkˈspres/

give expression to

From this reading He not only expressed this truth because he could not help expressing it, but because he wished and strove to express it.

expressedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈsprest/

communicated in words

From this reading He not only expressed this truth because he could not help expressing it, but because he wished and strove to express it.

expressingverbUS /ɪkˈspresɪŋ/

-ing form of “express” — give expression to

From this reading How he reached that state of mind we do not know; how he maintained it, and what it is, he spent the last two years of his life in expressing.

FeedverbUS /fiːd/

provide as food

From this reading It was never twice alike and yet it was always the same; even when he spoke very few words, as to Pilate “Thou sayest it,” or to Peter “Feed my sheep”; or when he said nothing, but wrote on the ground.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading It was never twice alike and yet it was always the same; even when he spoke very few words, as to Pilate “Thou sayest it,” or to Peter “Feed my sheep”; or when he said nothing, but wrote on the ground.

groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading It was never twice alike and yet it was always the same; even when he spoke very few words, as to Pilate “Thou sayest it,” or to Peter “Feed my sheep”; or when he said nothing, but wrote on the ground.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The state of mind in which Christ lived is the truth he taught.

helpverbUS /help/

give help or assistance; be of service

From this reading He not only expressed this truth because he could not help expressing it, but because he wished and strove to express it.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading How he reached that state of mind we do not know; how he maintained it, and what it is, he spent the last two years of his life in expressing.

How

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How he reached that state of mind we do not know; how he maintained it, and what it is, he spent the last two years of his life in expressing.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The state of mind in which Christ lived is the truth he taught.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The state of mind in which Christ lived is the truth he taught.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading How he reached that state of mind we do not know; how he maintained it, and what it is, he spent the last two years of his life in expressing.

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading How he reached that state of mind we do not know; how he maintained it, and what it is, he spent the last two years of his life in expressing.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading How he reached that state of mind we do not know; how he maintained it, and what it is, he spent the last two years of his life in expressing.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading How he reached that state of mind we do not know; how he maintained it, and what it is, he spent the last two years of his life in expressing.

livedverbUS /lɪvd/

past form of “live” — be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading The state of mind in which Christ lived is the truth he taught.

maintainedadjectiveUS /meɪnˈteɪnd/

kept in good condition

From this reading How he reached that state of mind we do not know; how he maintained it, and what it is, he spent the last two years of his life in expressing.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading The state of mind in which Christ lived is the truth he taught.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading It was never twice alike and yet it was always the same; even when he spoke very few words, as to Pilate “Thou sayest it,” or to Peter “Feed my sheep”; or when he said nothing, but wrote on the ground.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading It was never twice alike and yet it was always the same; even when he spoke very few words, as to Pilate “Thou sayest it,” or to Peter “Feed my sheep”; or when he said nothing, but wrote on the ground.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading How he reached that state of mind we do not know; how he maintained it, and what it is, he spent the last two years of his life in expressing.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading It was never twice alike and yet it was always the same; even when he spoke very few words, as to Pilate “Thou sayest it,” or to Peter “Feed my sheep”; or when he said nothing, but wrote on the ground.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The state of mind in which Christ lived is the truth he taught.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading It was never twice alike and yet it was always the same; even when he spoke very few words, as to Pilate “Thou sayest it,” or to Peter “Feed my sheep”; or when he said nothing, but wrote on the ground.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading He not only expressed this truth because he could not help expressing it, but because he wished and strove to express it.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Whatever he was saying or doing, he was always conveying the same truth--the whole of it.

PeternounUS /ˈpiːtər/

disciple of Jesus and leader of the Apostles; regarded by Catholics as the vicar of Christ on earth and first Pope

From this reading It was never twice alike and yet it was always the same; even when he spoke very few words, as to Pilate “Thou sayest it,” or to Peter “Feed my sheep”; or when he said nothing, but wrote on the ground.

PilatenounUS /ˈpaɪlʌt/

the Roman procurator of Judea who ordered that Jesus be crucified (died in AD 36)

From this reading It was never twice alike and yet it was always the same; even when he spoke very few words, as to Pilate “Thou sayest it,” or to Peter “Feed my sheep”; or when he said nothing, but wrote on the ground.

reachedverbUS /riːtʃt/

past form of “reach” — reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading How he reached that state of mind we do not know; how he maintained it, and what it is, he spent the last two years of his life in expressing.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading It was never twice alike and yet it was always the same; even when he spoke very few words, as to Pilate “Thou sayest it,” or to Peter “Feed my sheep”; or when he said nothing, but wrote on the ground.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading Whatever he was saying or doing, he was always conveying the same truth--the whole of it.

sayest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was never twice alike and yet it was always the same; even when he spoke very few words, as to Pilate “Thou sayest it,” or to Peter “Feed my sheep”; or when he said nothing, but wrote on the ground.

sayingnounUS /ˈseɪɪŋ/

a word or phrase that particular people use in particular situations

From this reading Whatever he was saying or doing, he was always conveying the same truth--the whole of it.

sheepnounUS /ʃiːp/

woolly usually horned ruminant mammal related to the goat

From this reading It was never twice alike and yet it was always the same; even when he spoke very few words, as to Pilate “Thou sayest it,” or to Peter “Feed my sheep”; or when he said nothing, but wrote on the ground.

spentadjectiveUS /spent/

depleted of energy, force, or strength

From this reading How he reached that state of mind we do not know; how he maintained it, and what it is, he spent the last two years of his life in expressing.

spokenounUS /spoʊk/

support consisting of a radial member of a wheel joining the hub to the rim

From this reading It was never twice alike and yet it was always the same; even when he spoke very few words, as to Pilate “Thou sayest it,” or to Peter “Feed my sheep”; or when he said nothing, but wrote on the ground.

statenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading The state of mind in which Christ lived is the truth he taught.

stroveverbUS /stroʊv/

inflected form of “strive” — attempt by employing effort

From this reading He not only expressed this truth because he could not help expressing it, but because he wished and strove to express it.

taughtverbUS /tɔːt/

inflected form of “teach” — impart skills or knowledge to

From this reading The state of mind in which Christ lived is the truth he taught.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading How he reached that state of mind we do not know; how he maintained it, and what it is, he spent the last two years of his life in expressing.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The state of mind in which Christ lived is the truth he taught.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading He not only expressed this truth because he could not help expressing it, but because he wished and strove to express it.

ThoupronounUS /ðaʊ/

an old word for “you”, as the subject, speaking to one person

From this reading It was never twice alike and yet it was always the same; even when he spoke very few words, as to Pilate “Thou sayest it,” or to Peter “Feed my sheep”; or when he said nothing, but wrote on the ground.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It was never twice alike and yet it was always the same; even when he spoke very few words, as to Pilate “Thou sayest it,” or to Peter “Feed my sheep”; or when he said nothing, but wrote on the ground.

truthnounUS /truːθ/

a fact that has been verified

From this reading The state of mind in which Christ lived is the truth he taught.

twiceadverbUS /twaɪs/

two times

From this reading It was never twice alike and yet it was always the same; even when he spoke very few words, as to Pilate “Thou sayest it,” or to Peter “Feed my sheep”; or when he said nothing, but wrote on the ground.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading How he reached that state of mind we do not know; how he maintained it, and what it is, he spent the last two years of his life in expressing.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading It was never twice alike and yet it was always the same; even when he spoke very few words, as to Pilate “Thou sayest it,” or to Peter “Feed my sheep”; or when he said nothing, but wrote on the ground.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Whatever he was saying or doing, he was always conveying the same truth--the whole of it.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading How he reached that state of mind we do not know; how he maintained it, and what it is, he spent the last two years of his life in expressing.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading How he reached that state of mind we do not know; how he maintained it, and what it is, he spent the last two years of his life in expressing.

WhateverdeterminerUS /ˌwʌˈtevər/

any or all of a kind, it does not matter which

From this reading Whatever he was saying or doing, he was always conveying the same truth--the whole of it.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading It was never twice alike and yet it was always the same; even when he spoke very few words, as to Pilate “Thou sayest it,” or to Peter “Feed my sheep”; or when he said nothing, but wrote on the ground.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The state of mind in which Christ lived is the truth he taught.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading Whatever he was saying or doing, he was always conveying the same truth--the whole of it.

wishedverbUS /wɪʃt/

past form of “wish” — hope for; have a wish

From this reading He not only expressed this truth because he could not help expressing it, but because he wished and strove to express it.

wordsnounUS /wɜːrdz/

the words that are spoken

From this reading It was never twice alike and yet it was always the same; even when he spoke very few words, as to Pilate “Thou sayest it,” or to Peter “Feed my sheep”; or when he said nothing, but wrote on the ground.

wroteverbUS /roʊt/

inflected form of “write” — produce a literary work

From this reading It was never twice alike and yet it was always the same; even when he spoke very few words, as to Pilate “Thou sayest it,” or to Peter “Feed my sheep”; or when he said nothing, but wrote on the ground.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading How he reached that state of mind we do not know; how he maintained it, and what it is, he spent the last two years of his life in expressing.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading It was never twice alike and yet it was always the same; even when he spoke very few words, as to Pilate “Thou sayest it,” or to Peter “Feed my sheep”; or when he said nothing, but wrote on the ground.

Chapter 5 of Learning and Other Essays by John Jay Chapman holds 437 sentences, grouped into 88 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 5 of Learning and Other Essays contain?

Chapter 5 holds 437 sentences of Learning and Other Essays, unabridged, divided into 88 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 5 of Learning and Other Essays by John Jay Chapman exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 437 sentences, grouped into 88 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 5 of Learning and Other Essays?

Work through the 88 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 88 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 5 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 5 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Learning and Other Essays

Common questions about reading Learning and Other Essays by John Jay Chapman on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Learning and Other Essays?

Yes. All 2259 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #66522 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Learning and Other Essays is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #66522, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Learning and Other Essays take to read?

About 188 minutes of reading across 452 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through Learning and Other Essays section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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  3. Listen and tap

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Vocabulary met early in Learning and Other Essays

Words and structures a reader meets early in Learning and Other Essays, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Electrotyped
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Learning and Other Essays; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Maple
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Learning and Other Essays; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Press
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Learning and Other Essays; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Expert
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Learning and Other Essays; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.