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Left End Edwards
Left End Edwards

Chapter IX · Chapter 9

Chapter 9 of Left End Edwards is here in full — 204 sentences across 41 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/40 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
BACK IN TOGS Brimfield Academy was in full swing.
The term was a day old and one hundred and fifty-three youths of various ages from twelve to twenty had settled down, more or less earnestly, to the school routine.
In 12 Billings trunks had been unpacked and the room had taken on a look of comfort and coziness, although several things were yet lacking to complete its livableness.
For instance, an easy-chair of some sort was a crying necessity, a drop-light would help a lot, and a cushion and some pillows on the window-seat were much needed.
Tom argued that if the window-seat was furnished they would not require an easy-chair, but Steve held out for the added luxury.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Left End Edwards

Chapter IX · Chapter 9

Chapter 9 of Left End Edwards is here in full — 204 sentences across 41 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/40 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
BACK IN TOGS Brimfield Academy was in full swing.
Line 2
The term was a day old and one hundred and fifty-three youths of various ages from twelve to twenty had settled down, more or less earnestly, to the school routine.
Line 3
In 12 Billings trunks had been unpacked and the room had taken on a look of comfort and coziness, although several things were yet lacking to complete its livableness.
Line 4
For instance, an easy-chair of some sort was a crying necessity, a drop-light would help a lot, and a cushion and some pillows on the window-seat were much needed.
Line 5
Tom argued that if the window-seat was furnished they would not require an easy-chair, but Steve held out for the added luxury.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Academy noun US /əˈkæd.ə.mi/

A place of study or training in a special field of knowledge and arts.

From this reading “BACK IN TOGS Brimfield Academy was in full swing.”

Billings noun US /ˈbɪlɪŋz/

the largest city in Montana; located in southern Montana on the Yellowstone river

From this reading “In 12 Billings trunks had been unpacked and the room had taken on a look of comfort and coziness, although several things were yet lacking to complete its livableness.”

coziness noun US /ˈkoʊzinəs/

a state of warm snug comfort

From this reading “In 12 Billings trunks had been unpacked and the room had taken on a look of comfort and coziness, although several things were yet lacking to complete its livableness.”

cushion noun US /ˈkʊʃən/

a mechanical damper; absorbs energy of sudden impulses

From this reading “For instance, an easy-chair of some sort was a crying necessity, a drop-light would help a lot, and a cushion and some pillows on the window-seat were much needed.”

pillows noun US /ˈpɪloʊz/

plural of “pillow” — a cushion to support the head of a sleeping person

From this reading “For instance, an easy-chair of some sort was a crying necessity, a drop-light would help a lot, and a cushion and some pillows on the window-seat were much needed.”

routine noun US /ruːˈtiːn/

an unvarying or habitual method or procedure

From this reading “The term was a day old and one hundred and fifty-three youths of various ages from twelve to twenty had settled down, more or less earnestly, to the school routine.”

togs noun US /tɑːɡz/

informal terms for clothing

From this reading “BACK IN TOGS Brimfield Academy was in full swing.”

unpacked verb US /ənˈpækt/

past form of “unpack” — remove from its packing

From this reading “In 12 Billings trunks had been unpacked and the room had taken on a look of comfort and coziness, although several things were yet lacking to complete its livableness.”

All words in this reading · 85

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

12

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In 12 Billings trunks had been unpacked and the room had taken on a look of comfort and coziness, although several things were yet lacking to complete its livableness.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The term was a day old and one hundred and fifty-three youths of various ages from twelve to twenty had settled down, more or less earnestly, to the school routine.

AcademynounUS /əˈkæd.ə.mi/

A place of study or training in a special field of knowledge and arts.

From this reading BACK IN TOGS Brimfield Academy was in full swing.

addedverbUS /ˈædəd/

past form of “add” — make an addition (to); join or combine or unite with others; increase the quality, quantity, size or scope of

From this reading Tom argued that if the window-seat was furnished they would not require an easy-chair, but Steve held out for the added luxury.

agesnounUS /ˈeɪdʒəz/

plural of “age” — how long something has existed

From this reading The term was a day old and one hundred and fifty-three youths of various ages from twelve to twenty had settled down, more or less earnestly, to the school routine.

althoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading In 12 Billings trunks had been unpacked and the room had taken on a look of comfort and coziness, although several things were yet lacking to complete its livableness.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading For instance, an easy-chair of some sort was a crying necessity, a drop-light would help a lot, and a cushion and some pillows on the window-seat were much needed.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The term was a day old and one hundred and fifty-three youths of various ages from twelve to twenty had settled down, more or less earnestly, to the school routine.

arguedverbUS /ˈɑːrɡjuːd/

past form of “argue” — present reasons and arguments

From this reading Tom argued that if the window-seat was furnished they would not require an easy-chair, but Steve held out for the added luxury.

BACKadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading BACK IN TOGS Brimfield Academy was in full swing.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading In 12 Billings trunks had been unpacked and the room had taken on a look of comfort and coziness, although several things were yet lacking to complete its livableness.

BillingsnounUS /ˈbɪlɪŋz/

the largest city in Montana; located in southern Montana on the Yellowstone river

From this reading In 12 Billings trunks had been unpacked and the room had taken on a look of comfort and coziness, although several things were yet lacking to complete its livableness.

Brimfield

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading BACK IN TOGS Brimfield Academy was in full swing.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Tom argued that if the window-seat was furnished they would not require an easy-chair, but Steve held out for the added luxury.

comfortnounUS /ˈkʌmfərt/

a state of being relaxed and feeling no pain

From this reading In 12 Billings trunks had been unpacked and the room had taken on a look of comfort and coziness, although several things were yet lacking to complete its livableness.

completeverbUS /kəmˈpliːt/

come or bring to a finish or an end

From this reading In 12 Billings trunks had been unpacked and the room had taken on a look of comfort and coziness, although several things were yet lacking to complete its livableness.

cozinessnounUS /ˈkoʊzinəs/

a state of warm snug comfort

From this reading In 12 Billings trunks had been unpacked and the room had taken on a look of comfort and coziness, although several things were yet lacking to complete its livableness.

cryingadjectiveUS /ˈkraɪɪŋ/

demanding attention

From this reading For instance, an easy-chair of some sort was a crying necessity, a drop-light would help a lot, and a cushion and some pillows on the window-seat were much needed.

cushionnounUS /ˈkʊʃən/

a mechanical damper; absorbs energy of sudden impulses

From this reading For instance, an easy-chair of some sort was a crying necessity, a drop-light would help a lot, and a cushion and some pillows on the window-seat were much needed.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading The term was a day old and one hundred and fifty-three youths of various ages from twelve to twenty had settled down, more or less earnestly, to the school routine.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading The term was a day old and one hundred and fifty-three youths of various ages from twelve to twenty had settled down, more or less earnestly, to the school routine.

drop-light

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For instance, an easy-chair of some sort was a crying necessity, a drop-light would help a lot, and a cushion and some pillows on the window-seat were much needed.

earnestlyadverbUS /ˈɜːrnəstli/

in a serious manner

From this reading The term was a day old and one hundred and fifty-three youths of various ages from twelve to twenty had settled down, more or less earnestly, to the school routine.

easy-chair

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For instance, an easy-chair of some sort was a crying necessity, a drop-light would help a lot, and a cushion and some pillows on the window-seat were much needed.

fifty-threeadjective

being three more than fifty

From this reading The term was a day old and one hundred and fifty-three youths of various ages from twelve to twenty had settled down, more or less earnestly, to the school routine.

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For instance, an easy-chair of some sort was a crying necessity, a drop-light would help a lot, and a cushion and some pillows on the window-seat were much needed.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The term was a day old and one hundred and fifty-three youths of various ages from twelve to twenty had settled down, more or less earnestly, to the school routine.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading BACK IN TOGS Brimfield Academy was in full swing.

furnishedadjectiveUS /ˈfɜːrnɪʃt/

provided with whatever is necessary for a purpose (as furniture or equipment or authority)

From this reading Tom argued that if the window-seat was furnished they would not require an easy-chair, but Steve held out for the added luxury.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The term was a day old and one hundred and fifty-three youths of various ages from twelve to twenty had settled down, more or less earnestly, to the school routine.

heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading Tom argued that if the window-seat was furnished they would not require an easy-chair, but Steve held out for the added luxury.

helpverbUS /help/

give help or assistance; be of service

From this reading For instance, an easy-chair of some sort was a crying necessity, a drop-light would help a lot, and a cushion and some pillows on the window-seat were much needed.

hundrednounUS /ˈhʌndrəd/

ten 10s

From this reading The term was a day old and one hundred and fifty-three youths of various ages from twelve to twenty had settled down, more or less earnestly, to the school routine.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading Tom argued that if the window-seat was furnished they would not require an easy-chair, but Steve held out for the added luxury.

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading BACK IN TOGS Brimfield Academy was in full swing.

instancenounUS /ˈɪnstəns/

an occurrence of something

From this reading For instance, an easy-chair of some sort was a crying necessity, a drop-light would help a lot, and a cushion and some pillows on the window-seat were much needed.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading In 12 Billings trunks had been unpacked and the room had taken on a look of comfort and coziness, although several things were yet lacking to complete its livableness.

lackingadjectiveUS /ˈlækɪŋ/

inadequate in amount or degree

From this reading In 12 Billings trunks had been unpacked and the room had taken on a look of comfort and coziness, although several things were yet lacking to complete its livableness.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading The term was a day old and one hundred and fifty-three youths of various ages from twelve to twenty had settled down, more or less earnestly, to the school routine.

livableness

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In 12 Billings trunks had been unpacked and the room had taken on a look of comfort and coziness, although several things were yet lacking to complete its livableness.

lookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading In 12 Billings trunks had been unpacked and the room had taken on a look of comfort and coziness, although several things were yet lacking to complete its livableness.

lotnounUS /lɑːt/

(often followed by “of”) a large number or amount or extent

From this reading For instance, an easy-chair of some sort was a crying necessity, a drop-light would help a lot, and a cushion and some pillows on the window-seat were much needed.

luxurynounUS /ˈlʌɡʒəri/

something that is an indulgence rather than a necessity

From this reading Tom argued that if the window-seat was furnished they would not require an easy-chair, but Steve held out for the added luxury.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading The term was a day old and one hundred and fifty-three youths of various ages from twelve to twenty had settled down, more or less earnestly, to the school routine.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading For instance, an easy-chair of some sort was a crying necessity, a drop-light would help a lot, and a cushion and some pillows on the window-seat were much needed.

necessitynounUS /nəˈsesəti/

the condition of being essential or indispensable

From this reading For instance, an easy-chair of some sort was a crying necessity, a drop-light would help a lot, and a cushion and some pillows on the window-seat were much needed.

neededadjectiveUS /ˈniːdəd/

necessary for relief or supply

From this reading For instance, an easy-chair of some sort was a crying necessity, a drop-light would help a lot, and a cushion and some pillows on the window-seat were much needed.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Tom argued that if the window-seat was furnished they would not require an easy-chair, but Steve held out for the added luxury.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The term was a day old and one hundred and fifty-three youths of various ages from twelve to twenty had settled down, more or less earnestly, to the school routine.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading The term was a day old and one hundred and fifty-three youths of various ages from twelve to twenty had settled down, more or less earnestly, to the school routine.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading In 12 Billings trunks had been unpacked and the room had taken on a look of comfort and coziness, although several things were yet lacking to complete its livableness.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The term was a day old and one hundred and fifty-three youths of various ages from twelve to twenty had settled down, more or less earnestly, to the school routine.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The term was a day old and one hundred and fifty-three youths of various ages from twelve to twenty had settled down, more or less earnestly, to the school routine.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Tom argued that if the window-seat was furnished they would not require an easy-chair, but Steve held out for the added luxury.

pillowsnounUS /ˈpɪloʊz/

plural of “pillow” — a cushion to support the head of a sleeping person

From this reading For instance, an easy-chair of some sort was a crying necessity, a drop-light would help a lot, and a cushion and some pillows on the window-seat were much needed.

requireverbUS /ˌriːˈkwaɪər/

require as useful, just, or proper

From this reading Tom argued that if the window-seat was furnished they would not require an easy-chair, but Steve held out for the added luxury.

roomnounUS /ruːm/

an area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling

From this reading In 12 Billings trunks had been unpacked and the room had taken on a look of comfort and coziness, although several things were yet lacking to complete its livableness.

routinenounUS /ruːˈtiːn/

an unvarying or habitual method or procedure

From this reading The term was a day old and one hundred and fifty-three youths of various ages from twelve to twenty had settled down, more or less earnestly, to the school routine.

schoolnounUS /skuːl/

an educational institution

From this reading The term was a day old and one hundred and fifty-three youths of various ages from twelve to twenty had settled down, more or less earnestly, to the school routine.

settledadjectiveUS /ˈsetəld/

established or decided beyond dispute or doubt

From this reading The term was a day old and one hundred and fifty-three youths of various ages from twelve to twenty had settled down, more or less earnestly, to the school routine.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading In 12 Billings trunks had been unpacked and the room had taken on a look of comfort and coziness, although several things were yet lacking to complete its livableness.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading For instance, an easy-chair of some sort was a crying necessity, a drop-light would help a lot, and a cushion and some pillows on the window-seat were much needed.

sortnounUS /sɔːrt/

a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading For instance, an easy-chair of some sort was a crying necessity, a drop-light would help a lot, and a cushion and some pillows on the window-seat were much needed.

Steve

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Tom argued that if the window-seat was furnished they would not require an easy-chair, but Steve held out for the added luxury.

swingverbUS /swɪŋ/

move in a curve or arc, usually with the intent of hitting

From this reading BACK IN TOGS Brimfield Academy was in full swing.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading In 12 Billings trunks had been unpacked and the room had taken on a look of comfort and coziness, although several things were yet lacking to complete its livableness.

termnounUS /tɜːrm/

a word or expression used for some particular thing

From this reading The term was a day old and one hundred and fifty-three youths of various ages from twelve to twenty had settled down, more or less earnestly, to the school routine.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Tom argued that if the window-seat was furnished they would not require an easy-chair, but Steve held out for the added luxury.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The term was a day old and one hundred and fifty-three youths of various ages from twelve to twenty had settled down, more or less earnestly, to the school routine.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Tom argued that if the window-seat was furnished they would not require an easy-chair, but Steve held out for the added luxury.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading In 12 Billings trunks had been unpacked and the room had taken on a look of comfort and coziness, although several things were yet lacking to complete its livableness.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The term was a day old and one hundred and fifty-three youths of various ages from twelve to twenty had settled down, more or less earnestly, to the school routine.

TOGSnounUS /tɑːɡz/

informal terms for clothing

From this reading BACK IN TOGS Brimfield Academy was in full swing.

TomnounUS /tɑːm/

male cat

From this reading Tom argued that if the window-seat was furnished they would not require an easy-chair, but Steve held out for the added luxury.

trunksnounUS /trʌŋks/

(used in the plural) trousers that end at or above the knee

From this reading In 12 Billings trunks had been unpacked and the room had taken on a look of comfort and coziness, although several things were yet lacking to complete its livableness.

twelvenounUS /twelv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of eleven and one

From this reading The term was a day old and one hundred and fifty-three youths of various ages from twelve to twenty had settled down, more or less earnestly, to the school routine.

twentynounUS /ˈtwenti/

the cardinal number that is the sum of nineteen and one

From this reading The term was a day old and one hundred and fifty-three youths of various ages from twelve to twenty had settled down, more or less earnestly, to the school routine.

unpackedverbUS /ənˈpækt/

past form of “unpack” — remove from its packing

From this reading In 12 Billings trunks had been unpacked and the room had taken on a look of comfort and coziness, although several things were yet lacking to complete its livableness.

variousadjectiveUS /ˈveriəs/

of many different kinds purposefully arranged but lacking any uniformity

From this reading The term was a day old and one hundred and fifty-three youths of various ages from twelve to twenty had settled down, more or less earnestly, to the school routine.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading BACK IN TOGS Brimfield Academy was in full swing.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading In 12 Billings trunks had been unpacked and the room had taken on a look of comfort and coziness, although several things were yet lacking to complete its livableness.

window-seat

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For instance, an easy-chair of some sort was a crying necessity, a drop-light would help a lot, and a cushion and some pillows on the window-seat were much needed.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading For instance, an easy-chair of some sort was a crying necessity, a drop-light would help a lot, and a cushion and some pillows on the window-seat were much needed.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading In 12 Billings trunks had been unpacked and the room had taken on a look of comfort and coziness, although several things were yet lacking to complete its livableness.

youthsnounUS /juːðz/

plural of “youth” — a young person (especially a young man or boy)

From this reading The term was a day old and one hundred and fifty-three youths of various ages from twelve to twenty had settled down, more or less earnestly, to the school routine.

Chapter 9 of Left End Edwards by Ralph Henry Barbour holds 204 sentences, grouped into 41 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 9 of Left End Edwards contain?

Chapter 9 holds 204 sentences of Left End Edwards, unabridged, divided into 41 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 9 of Left End Edwards by Ralph Henry Barbour exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 204 sentences, grouped into 41 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 9 of Left End Edwards?

Work through the 41 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 41 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 9 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 9 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Left End Edwards

Common questions about reading Left End Edwards by Ralph Henry Barbour on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Left End Edwards?

Yes. All 5619 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #20650 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Left End Edwards is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #20650, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Left End Edwards take to read?

About 468 minutes of reading across 1124 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Left End Edwards section by section

How to work through Left End Edwards section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 28 chapters of Left End Edwards to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Left End Edwards

Words and structures a reader meets early in Left End Edwards, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Corpore
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Left End Edwards; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sano'
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Left End Edwards; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Edwards
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Left End Edwards; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Slightly
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Left End Edwards; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.