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Left End Edwards
Left End Edwards

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of Left End Edwards is here in full — 212 sentences across 43 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Left End Edwards
Context Illustration Reading 1/42 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
CANTERBURY ROMPS ON--AND OFF But existence at Brimfield Academy wasn't all football, by any means, nor all fun.
There was a lot of hard work mixed up with the play, and both Steve and Tom found that an immense amount of study was required of them.
They each had thirty recitations a week, and in both Greek and Latin their preparation at high school had, not unnaturally, been deficient.
That meant hard sledding for a while.
Tom realised the fact before Steve would, and so spared himself some trouble.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Left End Edwards

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of Left End Edwards is here in full — 212 sentences across 43 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/42 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
CANTERBURY ROMPS ON--AND OFF But existence at Brimfield Academy wasn't all football, by any means, nor all fun.
Line 2
There was a lot of hard work mixed up with the play, and both Steve and Tom found that an immense amount of study was required of them.
Line 3
They each had thirty recitations a week, and in both Greek and Latin their preparation at high school had, not unnaturally, been deficient.
/ðeɪ iːtʃ hæd ˈθɜːrdiː ˌresɪˈteɪʃənz ə wiːk ənd ɪn boʊθ ɡriːk ənd ˈlætən ðer ˌprepərˈeɪʃən æt haɪ skuːl hæd nɑːt ənˈnætʃərəli bɪn dɪˈfɪʃənt/
Line 4
That meant hard sledding for a while.
/ðæt ment hɑːrd ˈsledɪŋ fɔːr ə waɪl/
Line 5
Tom realised the fact before Steve would, and so spared himself some trouble.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Academy noun US /əˈkæd.ə.mi/

A place of study or training in a special field of knowledge and arts.

From this reading “CANTERBURY ROMPS ON--AND OFF But existence at Brimfield Academy wasn't all football, by any means, nor all fun.”

canterbury noun US /ˈkæntərberi/

a town in Kent in southeastern England; site of the cathedral where Thomas a Becket was martyred in 1170; seat of the archbishop and primate of the Anglican Church

From this reading “CANTERBURY ROMPS ON--AND OFF But existence at Brimfield Academy wasn't all football, by any means, nor all fun.”

deficient adjective US /dɪˈfɪʃənt/

inadequate in amount or degree

From this reading “They each had thirty recitations a week, and in both Greek and Latin their preparation at high school had, not unnaturally, been deficient.”

football noun US /ˈfʊtbɔːl/

any of various games played with a ball (round or oval) in which two teams try to kick or carry or propel the ball into each other's goal

From this reading “CANTERBURY ROMPS ON--AND OFF But existence at Brimfield Academy wasn't all football, by any means, nor all fun.”

realised adjective US /ˈriːəlaɪzd/

successfully completed or brought to an end

From this reading “Tom realised the fact before Steve would, and so spared himself some trouble.”

recitations noun US /ˌresɪˈteɪʃənz/

plural of “recitation” — written matter that is recited from memory

From this reading “They each had thirty recitations a week, and in both Greek and Latin their preparation at high school had, not unnaturally, been deficient.”

sledding noun US /ˈsledɪŋ/

the sport of riding on a sled or sleigh

From this reading “That meant hard sledding for a while.”

unnaturally adverb US /ənˈnætʃərəli/

in an unnatural way

From this reading “They each had thirty recitations a week, and in both Greek and Latin their preparation at high school had, not unnaturally, been deficient.”

All words in this reading · 71

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading There was a lot of hard work mixed up with the play, and both Steve and Tom found that an immense amount of study was required of them.

AcademynounUS /əˈkæd.ə.mi/

A place of study or training in a special field of knowledge and arts.

From this reading CANTERBURY ROMPS ON--AND OFF But existence at Brimfield Academy wasn't all football, by any means, nor all fun.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading CANTERBURY ROMPS ON--AND OFF But existence at Brimfield Academy wasn't all football, by any means, nor all fun.

amountnounUS /əˈmaʊnt/

a quantity of money

From this reading There was a lot of hard work mixed up with the play, and both Steve and Tom found that an immense amount of study was required of them.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading There was a lot of hard work mixed up with the play, and both Steve and Tom found that an immense amount of study was required of them.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading CANTERBURY ROMPS ON--AND OFF But existence at Brimfield Academy wasn't all football, by any means, nor all fun.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading CANTERBURY ROMPS ON--AND OFF But existence at Brimfield Academy wasn't all football, by any means, nor all fun.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading CANTERBURY ROMPS ON--AND OFF But existence at Brimfield Academy wasn't all football, by any means, nor all fun.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading They each had thirty recitations a week, and in both Greek and Latin their preparation at high school had, not unnaturally, been deficient.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Tom realised the fact before Steve would, and so spared himself some trouble.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading There was a lot of hard work mixed up with the play, and both Steve and Tom found that an immense amount of study was required of them.

Brimfield

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading CANTERBURY ROMPS ON--AND OFF But existence at Brimfield Academy wasn't all football, by any means, nor all fun.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading CANTERBURY ROMPS ON--AND OFF But existence at Brimfield Academy wasn't all football, by any means, nor all fun.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading CANTERBURY ROMPS ON--AND OFF But existence at Brimfield Academy wasn't all football, by any means, nor all fun.

CANTERBURYnounUS /ˈkæntərberi/

a town in Kent in southeastern England; site of the cathedral where Thomas a Becket was martyred in 1170; seat of the archbishop and primate of the Anglican Church

From this reading CANTERBURY ROMPS ON--AND OFF But existence at Brimfield Academy wasn't all football, by any means, nor all fun.

deficientadjectiveUS /dɪˈfɪʃənt/

inadequate in amount or degree

From this reading They each had thirty recitations a week, and in both Greek and Latin their preparation at high school had, not unnaturally, been deficient.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading They each had thirty recitations a week, and in both Greek and Latin their preparation at high school had, not unnaturally, been deficient.

existencenounUS /eɡˈzɪstəns/

the state or fact of existing

From this reading CANTERBURY ROMPS ON--AND OFF But existence at Brimfield Academy wasn't all football, by any means, nor all fun.

factnounUS /fækt/

a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading Tom realised the fact before Steve would, and so spared himself some trouble.

footballnounUS /ˈfʊtbɔːl/

any of various games played with a ball (round or oval) in which two teams try to kick or carry or propel the ball into each other's goal

From this reading CANTERBURY ROMPS ON--AND OFF But existence at Brimfield Academy wasn't all football, by any means, nor all fun.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading That meant hard sledding for a while.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading There was a lot of hard work mixed up with the play, and both Steve and Tom found that an immense amount of study was required of them.

funnounUS /fʌn/

activities that are enjoyable or amusing

From this reading CANTERBURY ROMPS ON--AND OFF But existence at Brimfield Academy wasn't all football, by any means, nor all fun.

GreeknounUS /ɡriːk/

the Hellenic branch of the Indo-European family of languages

From this reading They each had thirty recitations a week, and in both Greek and Latin their preparation at high school had, not unnaturally, been deficient.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading They each had thirty recitations a week, and in both Greek and Latin their preparation at high school had, not unnaturally, been deficient.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading There was a lot of hard work mixed up with the play, and both Steve and Tom found that an immense amount of study was required of them.

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading They each had thirty recitations a week, and in both Greek and Latin their preparation at high school had, not unnaturally, been deficient.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Tom realised the fact before Steve would, and so spared himself some trouble.

immenseadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈmens/

unusually great in size or amount or degree or especially extent or scope

From this reading There was a lot of hard work mixed up with the play, and both Steve and Tom found that an immense amount of study was required of them.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading They each had thirty recitations a week, and in both Greek and Latin their preparation at high school had, not unnaturally, been deficient.

LatinadjectiveUS /ˈlætən/

of or relating to the ancient Latins or the Latin language

From this reading They each had thirty recitations a week, and in both Greek and Latin their preparation at high school had, not unnaturally, been deficient.

lotnounUS /lɑːt/

(often followed by “of”) a large number or amount or extent

From this reading There was a lot of hard work mixed up with the play, and both Steve and Tom found that an immense amount of study was required of them.

meansnounUS /miːnz/

thing or person that acts to produce a particular effect or achieve an end

From this reading CANTERBURY ROMPS ON--AND OFF But existence at Brimfield Academy wasn't all football, by any means, nor all fun.

meantverbUS /ment/

inflected form of “mean” — mean or intend to express or convey

From this reading That meant hard sledding for a while.

mixedadjectiveUS /mɪkst/

consisting of a haphazard assortment of different kinds

From this reading There was a lot of hard work mixed up with the play, and both Steve and Tom found that an immense amount of study was required of them.

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading CANTERBURY ROMPS ON--AND OFF But existence at Brimfield Academy wasn't all football, by any means, nor all fun.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading They each had thirty recitations a week, and in both Greek and Latin their preparation at high school had, not unnaturally, been deficient.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading There was a lot of hard work mixed up with the play, and both Steve and Tom found that an immense amount of study was required of them.

OFFadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading CANTERBURY ROMPS ON--AND OFF But existence at Brimfield Academy wasn't all football, by any means, nor all fun.

ONprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading CANTERBURY ROMPS ON--AND OFF But existence at Brimfield Academy wasn't all football, by any means, nor all fun.

playverbUS /pleɪ/

participate in games or sport

From this reading There was a lot of hard work mixed up with the play, and both Steve and Tom found that an immense amount of study was required of them.

preparationnounUS /ˌprepərˈeɪʃən/

the activity of putting or setting in order in advance of some act or purpose

From this reading They each had thirty recitations a week, and in both Greek and Latin their preparation at high school had, not unnaturally, been deficient.

realisedadjectiveUS /ˈriːəlaɪzd/

successfully completed or brought to an end

From this reading Tom realised the fact before Steve would, and so spared himself some trouble.

recitationsnounUS /ˌresɪˈteɪʃənz/

plural of “recitation” — written matter that is recited from memory

From this reading They each had thirty recitations a week, and in both Greek and Latin their preparation at high school had, not unnaturally, been deficient.

requiredadjectiveUS /riˈkwaɪərd/

necessary for relief or supply

From this reading There was a lot of hard work mixed up with the play, and both Steve and Tom found that an immense amount of study was required of them.

ROMPS

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading CANTERBURY ROMPS ON--AND OFF But existence at Brimfield Academy wasn't all football, by any means, nor all fun.

schoolnounUS /skuːl/

an educational institution

From this reading They each had thirty recitations a week, and in both Greek and Latin their preparation at high school had, not unnaturally, been deficient.

sleddingnounUS /ˈsledɪŋ/

the sport of riding on a sled or sleigh

From this reading That meant hard sledding for a while.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Tom realised the fact before Steve would, and so spared himself some trouble.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Tom realised the fact before Steve would, and so spared himself some trouble.

sparedverbUS /sperd/

past form of “spare” — refrain from harming

From this reading Tom realised the fact before Steve would, and so spared himself some trouble.

Steve

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a lot of hard work mixed up with the play, and both Steve and Tom found that an immense amount of study was required of them.

studynounUS /ˈstʌdi/

a detailed critical inspection

From this reading There was a lot of hard work mixed up with the play, and both Steve and Tom found that an immense amount of study was required of them.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading There was a lot of hard work mixed up with the play, and both Steve and Tom found that an immense amount of study was required of them.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading There was a lot of hard work mixed up with the play, and both Steve and Tom found that an immense amount of study was required of them.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading They each had thirty recitations a week, and in both Greek and Latin their preparation at high school had, not unnaturally, been deficient.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading There was a lot of hard work mixed up with the play, and both Steve and Tom found that an immense amount of study was required of them.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There was a lot of hard work mixed up with the play, and both Steve and Tom found that an immense amount of study was required of them.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They each had thirty recitations a week, and in both Greek and Latin their preparation at high school had, not unnaturally, been deficient.

thirtynounUS /ˈθɜːrdiː/

the cardinal number that is the product of ten and three

From this reading They each had thirty recitations a week, and in both Greek and Latin their preparation at high school had, not unnaturally, been deficient.

TomnounUS /tɑːm/

male cat

From this reading There was a lot of hard work mixed up with the play, and both Steve and Tom found that an immense amount of study was required of them.

troublenounUS /ˈtrʌbəl/

a source of difficulty

From this reading Tom realised the fact before Steve would, and so spared himself some trouble.

unnaturallyadverbUS /ənˈnætʃərəli/

in an unnatural way

From this reading They each had thirty recitations a week, and in both Greek and Latin their preparation at high school had, not unnaturally, been deficient.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading There was a lot of hard work mixed up with the play, and both Steve and Tom found that an immense amount of study was required of them.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading There was a lot of hard work mixed up with the play, and both Steve and Tom found that an immense amount of study was required of them.

wasn't

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading CANTERBURY ROMPS ON--AND OFF But existence at Brimfield Academy wasn't all football, by any means, nor all fun.

weeknounUS /wiːk/

any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading They each had thirty recitations a week, and in both Greek and Latin their preparation at high school had, not unnaturally, been deficient.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading That meant hard sledding for a while.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading There was a lot of hard work mixed up with the play, and both Steve and Tom found that an immense amount of study was required of them.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading There was a lot of hard work mixed up with the play, and both Steve and Tom found that an immense amount of study was required of them.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Tom realised the fact before Steve would, and so spared himself some trouble.

Chapter 12 of Left End Edwards by Ralph Henry Barbour holds 212 sentences, grouped into 43 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of Left End Edwards contain?

Chapter 12 holds 212 sentences of Left End Edwards, unabridged, divided into 43 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of Left End Edwards by Ralph Henry Barbour exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 212 sentences, grouped into 43 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of Left End Edwards?

Work through the 43 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 43 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 12 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Left End Edwards

Common questions about reading Left End Edwards by Ralph Henry Barbour on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Left End Edwards?

Yes. All 5619 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #20650 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Left End Edwards is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #20650, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Left End Edwards take to read?

About 468 minutes of reading across 1124 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Left End Edwards section by section

How to work through Left End Edwards section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 28 chapters of Left End Edwards to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Left End Edwards

Words and structures a reader meets early in Left End Edwards, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Corpore
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Left End Edwards; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sano'
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Left End Edwards; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Edwards
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Left End Edwards; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Slightly
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Left End Edwards; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.