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Left on the Prairie
Left on the Prairie

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Left on the Prairie is here in full — 91 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/18 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
JACK STARTS ON HIS JOURNEY.
The sun had not risen far above the horizon when the waggon started.
The men very carefully extinguished every ember of their camp fire before they left the place, by pouring buckets of water over it, as the laws were very strict on that point.
Many of the terrible prairie fires are traced from time to time to sparks left by careless people camping out, which, blown by the wind, ignite the dry grass near, and start the destructive flames which spread and rush on for miles, carrying ruin in their track.
Lem sat in front of the waggon, driving the four horses, while Jeff was beside him, both smoking.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Left on the Prairie

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Left on the Prairie is here in full — 91 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/18 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
JACK STARTS ON HIS JOURNEY.
/dʒæk stɑːrts ɑːn hɪz ˈdʒɜːrni/
Line 2
The sun had not risen far above the horizon when the waggon started.
Line 3
The men very carefully extinguished every ember of their camp fire before they left the place, by pouring buckets of water over it, as the laws were very strict on that point.
/ðə men ˈveri ˈkerfəli ɪkˈstɪŋɡwɪʃt ˈevəri ˈembər ʌv ðer kæmp ˈfaɪər bɪˈfɔːr ðeɪ left ðə pleɪs baɪ ˈpɔːrɪŋ ˈbʌkəts ʌv ˈwɔːtər ˈoʊvər ɪt æz ðə lɔːz wɜːr ˈveri strɪkt ɑːn ðæt pɔɪnt/
Line 4
Many of the terrible prairie fires are traced from time to time to sparks left by careless people camping out, which, blown by the wind, ignite the dry grass near, and start the destructive flames which spread and rush on for miles, carrying ruin in their track.
/ˈmeni ʌv ðə ˈterəbəl ˈpreri ˈfaɪərz ɑːr treɪst frʌm taɪm tuː taɪm tuː spɑːrks left baɪ ˈkerləs ˈpiːpəl ˈkæmpɪŋ aʊt wɪtʃ bloʊn baɪ ðə waɪnd ˌɪɡˈnaɪt ðə draɪ ɡræs nɪr ənd stɑːrt ðə dɪˈstrʌktɪv fleɪmz wɪtʃ spred ənd rʌʃ ɑːn fɔːr maɪlz ˈkæriɪŋ ˈruːən ɪn ðer træk/
Line 5
Lem sat in front of the waggon, driving the four horses, while Jeff was beside him, both smoking.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

buckets noun US /ˈbʌkəts/

plural of “bucket” — a roughly cylindrical vessel that is open at the top

From this reading “The men very carefully extinguished every ember of their camp fire before they left the place, by pouring buckets of water over it, as the laws were very strict on that point.”

camping noun US /ˈkæmpɪŋ/

the act of encamping and living in tents in a camp

From this reading “Many of the terrible prairie fires are traced from time to time to sparks left by careless people camping out, which, blown by the wind, ignite the dry grass near, and start the destructive flames which spread and rush on for miles, carrying ruin in their track.”

destructive adjective US /dɪˈstrʌktɪv/

causing destruction or much damage

From this reading “Many of the terrible prairie fires are traced from time to time to sparks left by careless people camping out, which, blown by the wind, ignite the dry grass near, and start the destructive flames which spread and rush on for miles, carrying ruin in their track.”

ember noun US /ˈembər/

a hot fragment of wood or coal that is left from a fire and is glowing or smoldering

From this reading “The men very carefully extinguished every ember of their camp fire before they left the place, by pouring buckets of water over it, as the laws were very strict on that point.”

extinguished adjective US /ɪkˈstɪŋɡwɪʃt/

of a conditioned response; caused to die out because of the absence or withdrawal of reinforcement

From this reading “The men very carefully extinguished every ember of their camp fire before they left the place, by pouring buckets of water over it, as the laws were very strict on that point.”

ignite verb US /ˌɪɡˈnaɪt/

cause to start burning; subject to fire or great heat

From this reading “Many of the terrible prairie fires are traced from time to time to sparks left by careless people camping out, which, blown by the wind, ignite the dry grass near, and start the destructive flames which spread and rush on for miles, carrying ruin in their track.”

Lem noun US /lem/

a spacecraft that carries astronauts from the command module to the surface of the moon and back

From this reading “Lem sat in front of the waggon, driving the four horses, while Jeff was beside him, both smoking.”

sparks noun US /spɑːrks/

plural of “spark” — a momentary flash of light

From this reading “Many of the terrible prairie fires are traced from time to time to sparks left by careless people camping out, which, blown by the wind, ignite the dry grass near, and start the destructive flames which spread and rush on for miles, carrying ruin in their track.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

above the horizon preposition + article + noun counted as “above … horizon”

In this reading “The sun had not risen far above the horizon when the waggon started.”

in front preposition + noun

at or in the front

In this reading “Lem sat in front of the waggon, driving the four horses, while Jeff was beside him, both smoking.”

four horses noun + noun counted as “four horse”

In this reading “Lem sat in front of the waggon, driving the four horses, while Jeff was beside him, both smoking.”

grass near verb + particle

In this reading “Many of the terrible prairie fires are traced from time to time to sparks left by careless people camping out, which, blown by the wind, ignite the dry grass near, and start the destructive flames which spread and rush on for miles, carrying ruin in their track.”

STARTS ON verb + particle counted as “start on”

In this reading “JACK STARTS ON HIS JOURNEY.”

by the wind preposition + article + noun counted as “by … wind”

In this reading “Many of the terrible prairie fires are traced from time to time to sparks left by careless people camping out, which, blown by the wind, ignite the dry grass near, and start the destructive flames which spread and rush on for miles, carrying ruin in their track.”

from time preposition + noun

In this reading “Many of the terrible prairie fires are traced from time to time to sparks left by careless people camping out, which, blown by the wind, ignite the dry grass near, and start the destructive flames which spread and rush on for miles, carrying ruin in their track.”

for miles preposition + noun counted as “for mile”

In this reading “Many of the terrible prairie fires are traced from time to time to sparks left by careless people camping out, which, blown by the wind, ignite the dry grass near, and start the destructive flames which spread and rush on for miles, carrying ruin in their track.”

All words in this reading · 88

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading The sun had not risen far above the horizon when the waggon started.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Many of the terrible prairie fires are traced from time to time to sparks left by careless people camping out, which, blown by the wind, ignite the dry grass near, and start the destructive flames which spread and rush on for miles, carrying ruin in their track.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Many of the terrible prairie fires are traced from time to time to sparks left by careless people camping out, which, blown by the wind, ignite the dry grass near, and start the destructive flames which spread and rush on for miles, carrying ruin in their track.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The men very carefully extinguished every ember of their camp fire before they left the place, by pouring buckets of water over it, as the laws were very strict on that point.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading The men very carefully extinguished every ember of their camp fire before they left the place, by pouring buckets of water over it, as the laws were very strict on that point.

besideprepositionUS /bɪˈsaɪd/

next to; at the side of

From this reading Lem sat in front of the waggon, driving the four horses, while Jeff was beside him, both smoking.

blownadjectiveUS /bloʊn/

being moved or acted upon by moving air or vapor

From this reading Many of the terrible prairie fires are traced from time to time to sparks left by careless people camping out, which, blown by the wind, ignite the dry grass near, and start the destructive flames which spread and rush on for miles, carrying ruin in their track.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading Lem sat in front of the waggon, driving the four horses, while Jeff was beside him, both smoking.

bucketsnounUS /ˈbʌkəts/

plural of “bucket” — a roughly cylindrical vessel that is open at the top

From this reading The men very carefully extinguished every ember of their camp fire before they left the place, by pouring buckets of water over it, as the laws were very strict on that point.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The men very carefully extinguished every ember of their camp fire before they left the place, by pouring buckets of water over it, as the laws were very strict on that point.

campnounUS /kæmp/

temporary living quarters specially built by the army for soldiers

From this reading The men very carefully extinguished every ember of their camp fire before they left the place, by pouring buckets of water over it, as the laws were very strict on that point.

campingnounUS /ˈkæmpɪŋ/

the act of encamping and living in tents in a camp

From this reading Many of the terrible prairie fires are traced from time to time to sparks left by careless people camping out, which, blown by the wind, ignite the dry grass near, and start the destructive flames which spread and rush on for miles, carrying ruin in their track.

carefullyadverbUS /ˈkerfəli/

taking care or paying attention

From this reading The men very carefully extinguished every ember of their camp fire before they left the place, by pouring buckets of water over it, as the laws were very strict on that point.

carelessadjectiveUS /ˈkerləs/

marked by lack of attention or consideration or forethought or thoroughness; not careful

From this reading Many of the terrible prairie fires are traced from time to time to sparks left by careless people camping out, which, blown by the wind, ignite the dry grass near, and start the destructive flames which spread and rush on for miles, carrying ruin in their track.

carryingverbUS /ˈkæriɪŋ/

-ing form of “carry” — move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading Many of the terrible prairie fires are traced from time to time to sparks left by careless people camping out, which, blown by the wind, ignite the dry grass near, and start the destructive flames which spread and rush on for miles, carrying ruin in their track.

destructiveadjectiveUS /dɪˈstrʌktɪv/

causing destruction or much damage

From this reading Many of the terrible prairie fires are traced from time to time to sparks left by careless people camping out, which, blown by the wind, ignite the dry grass near, and start the destructive flames which spread and rush on for miles, carrying ruin in their track.

drivingadjectiveUS /ˈdraɪvɪŋ/

having the power of driving or impelling

From this reading Lem sat in front of the waggon, driving the four horses, while Jeff was beside him, both smoking.

dryadjectiveUS /draɪ/

free from liquid or moisture; lacking natural or normal moisture or depleted of water; or no longer wet

From this reading Many of the terrible prairie fires are traced from time to time to sparks left by careless people camping out, which, blown by the wind, ignite the dry grass near, and start the destructive flames which spread and rush on for miles, carrying ruin in their track.

embernounUS /ˈembər/

a hot fragment of wood or coal that is left from a fire and is glowing or smoldering

From this reading The men very carefully extinguished every ember of their camp fire before they left the place, by pouring buckets of water over it, as the laws were very strict on that point.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading The men very carefully extinguished every ember of their camp fire before they left the place, by pouring buckets of water over it, as the laws were very strict on that point.

extinguishedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈstɪŋɡwɪʃt/

of a conditioned response; caused to die out because of the absence or withdrawal of reinforcement

From this reading The men very carefully extinguished every ember of their camp fire before they left the place, by pouring buckets of water over it, as the laws were very strict on that point.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading The sun had not risen far above the horizon when the waggon started.

fireverbUS /ˈfaɪər/

start firing a weapon

From this reading The men very carefully extinguished every ember of their camp fire before they left the place, by pouring buckets of water over it, as the laws were very strict on that point.

firesnounUS /ˈfaɪərz/

plural of “fire” — the event of something burning (often destructive)

From this reading Many of the terrible prairie fires are traced from time to time to sparks left by careless people camping out, which, blown by the wind, ignite the dry grass near, and start the destructive flames which spread and rush on for miles, carrying ruin in their track.

flamesnounUS /fleɪmz/

plural of “flame” — the process of combustion of inflammable materials producing heat and light and (often) smoke

From this reading Many of the terrible prairie fires are traced from time to time to sparks left by careless people camping out, which, blown by the wind, ignite the dry grass near, and start the destructive flames which spread and rush on for miles, carrying ruin in their track.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Many of the terrible prairie fires are traced from time to time to sparks left by careless people camping out, which, blown by the wind, ignite the dry grass near, and start the destructive flames which spread and rush on for miles, carrying ruin in their track.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading Lem sat in front of the waggon, driving the four horses, while Jeff was beside him, both smoking.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Many of the terrible prairie fires are traced from time to time to sparks left by careless people camping out, which, blown by the wind, ignite the dry grass near, and start the destructive flames which spread and rush on for miles, carrying ruin in their track.

frontnounUS /frʌnt/

the side that is forward or prominent

From this reading Lem sat in front of the waggon, driving the four horses, while Jeff was beside him, both smoking.

grassverbUS /ɡræs/

shoot down, of birds

From this reading Many of the terrible prairie fires are traced from time to time to sparks left by careless people camping out, which, blown by the wind, ignite the dry grass near, and start the destructive flames which spread and rush on for miles, carrying ruin in their track.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The sun had not risen far above the horizon when the waggon started.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Lem sat in front of the waggon, driving the four horses, while Jeff was beside him, both smoking.

HISdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading JACK STARTS ON HIS JOURNEY.

horizonnounUS /hərˈaɪzən/

the line at which the sky and Earth appear to meet

From this reading The sun had not risen far above the horizon when the waggon started.

horsesnounUS /ˈhɔːrsəz/

plural of “horse” — solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading Lem sat in front of the waggon, driving the four horses, while Jeff was beside him, both smoking.

igniteverbUS /ˌɪɡˈnaɪt/

cause to start burning; subject to fire or great heat

From this reading Many of the terrible prairie fires are traced from time to time to sparks left by careless people camping out, which, blown by the wind, ignite the dry grass near, and start the destructive flames which spread and rush on for miles, carrying ruin in their track.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Many of the terrible prairie fires are traced from time to time to sparks left by careless people camping out, which, blown by the wind, ignite the dry grass near, and start the destructive flames which spread and rush on for miles, carrying ruin in their track.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The men very carefully extinguished every ember of their camp fire before they left the place, by pouring buckets of water over it, as the laws were very strict on that point.

JACKnounUS /dʒæk/

a small worthless amount

From this reading JACK STARTS ON HIS JOURNEY.

Jeff

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Lem sat in front of the waggon, driving the four horses, while Jeff was beside him, both smoking.

JOURNEYverbUS /ˈdʒɜːrni/

undertake a journey or trip

From this reading JACK STARTS ON HIS JOURNEY.

lawsnounUS /lɔːz/

the first of three divisions of the Hebrew Scriptures comprising the first five books of the Hebrew Bible considered as a unit

From this reading The men very carefully extinguished every ember of their camp fire before they left the place, by pouring buckets of water over it, as the laws were very strict on that point.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading The men very carefully extinguished every ember of their camp fire before they left the place, by pouring buckets of water over it, as the laws were very strict on that point.

LemnounUS /lem/

a spacecraft that carries astronauts from the command module to the surface of the moon and back

From this reading Lem sat in front of the waggon, driving the four horses, while Jeff was beside him, both smoking.

ManyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Many of the terrible prairie fires are traced from time to time to sparks left by careless people camping out, which, blown by the wind, ignite the dry grass near, and start the destructive flames which spread and rush on for miles, carrying ruin in their track.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading The men very carefully extinguished every ember of their camp fire before they left the place, by pouring buckets of water over it, as the laws were very strict on that point.

milesnounUS /maɪlz/

plural of “mile” — a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading Many of the terrible prairie fires are traced from time to time to sparks left by careless people camping out, which, blown by the wind, ignite the dry grass near, and start the destructive flames which spread and rush on for miles, carrying ruin in their track.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading Many of the terrible prairie fires are traced from time to time to sparks left by careless people camping out, which, blown by the wind, ignite the dry grass near, and start the destructive flames which spread and rush on for miles, carrying ruin in their track.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The sun had not risen far above the horizon when the waggon started.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The men very carefully extinguished every ember of their camp fire before they left the place, by pouring buckets of water over it, as the laws were very strict on that point.

ONprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading JACK STARTS ON HIS JOURNEY.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Many of the terrible prairie fires are traced from time to time to sparks left by careless people camping out, which, blown by the wind, ignite the dry grass near, and start the destructive flames which spread and rush on for miles, carrying ruin in their track.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading The men very carefully extinguished every ember of their camp fire before they left the place, by pouring buckets of water over it, as the laws were very strict on that point.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading Many of the terrible prairie fires are traced from time to time to sparks left by careless people camping out, which, blown by the wind, ignite the dry grass near, and start the destructive flames which spread and rush on for miles, carrying ruin in their track.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading The men very carefully extinguished every ember of their camp fire before they left the place, by pouring buckets of water over it, as the laws were very strict on that point.

pointnounUS /pɔɪnt/

a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading The men very carefully extinguished every ember of their camp fire before they left the place, by pouring buckets of water over it, as the laws were very strict on that point.

pouringadjectiveUS /ˈpɔːrɪŋ/

flowing profusely

From this reading The men very carefully extinguished every ember of their camp fire before they left the place, by pouring buckets of water over it, as the laws were very strict on that point.

prairienounUS /ˈpreri/

a treeless grassy plain

From this reading Many of the terrible prairie fires are traced from time to time to sparks left by careless people camping out, which, blown by the wind, ignite the dry grass near, and start the destructive flames which spread and rush on for miles, carrying ruin in their track.

risenadjectiveUS /ˈrɪzən/

(of e.g. celestial bodies) above the horizon

From this reading The sun had not risen far above the horizon when the waggon started.

ruinnounUS /ˈruːən/

an irrecoverable state of devastation and destruction

From this reading Many of the terrible prairie fires are traced from time to time to sparks left by careless people camping out, which, blown by the wind, ignite the dry grass near, and start the destructive flames which spread and rush on for miles, carrying ruin in their track.

rushverbUS /rʌʃ/

move hurridly

From this reading Many of the terrible prairie fires are traced from time to time to sparks left by careless people camping out, which, blown by the wind, ignite the dry grass near, and start the destructive flames which spread and rush on for miles, carrying ruin in their track.

satnounUS /sæt/

the seventh and last day of the week; observed as the Sabbath by Jews and some Christians

From this reading Lem sat in front of the waggon, driving the four horses, while Jeff was beside him, both smoking.

smokingnounUS /ˈsmoʊkɪŋ/

the act of smoking tobacco or other substances

From this reading Lem sat in front of the waggon, driving the four horses, while Jeff was beside him, both smoking.

sparksnounUS /spɑːrks/

plural of “spark” — a momentary flash of light

From this reading Many of the terrible prairie fires are traced from time to time to sparks left by careless people camping out, which, blown by the wind, ignite the dry grass near, and start the destructive flames which spread and rush on for miles, carrying ruin in their track.

spreadverbUS /spred/

distribute or disperse widely

From this reading Many of the terrible prairie fires are traced from time to time to sparks left by careless people camping out, which, blown by the wind, ignite the dry grass near, and start the destructive flames which spread and rush on for miles, carrying ruin in their track.

startverbUS /stɑːrt/

take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading Many of the terrible prairie fires are traced from time to time to sparks left by careless people camping out, which, blown by the wind, ignite the dry grass near, and start the destructive flames which spread and rush on for miles, carrying ruin in their track.

startedverbUS /ˈstɑːrtɪd/

past form of “start” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading The sun had not risen far above the horizon when the waggon started.

STARTSnounUS /stɑːrts/

plural of “start” — the beginning of anything

From this reading JACK STARTS ON HIS JOURNEY.

strictadjectiveUS /strɪkt/

rigidly accurate; allowing no deviation from a standard

From this reading The men very carefully extinguished every ember of their camp fire before they left the place, by pouring buckets of water over it, as the laws were very strict on that point.

sunnounUS /sʌn/

the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system

From this reading The sun had not risen far above the horizon when the waggon started.

terribleadjectiveUS /ˈterəbəl/

causing fear or dread or terror

From this reading Many of the terrible prairie fires are traced from time to time to sparks left by careless people camping out, which, blown by the wind, ignite the dry grass near, and start the destructive flames which spread and rush on for miles, carrying ruin in their track.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The men very carefully extinguished every ember of their camp fire before they left the place, by pouring buckets of water over it, as the laws were very strict on that point.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The sun had not risen far above the horizon when the waggon started.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The men very carefully extinguished every ember of their camp fire before they left the place, by pouring buckets of water over it, as the laws were very strict on that point.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The men very carefully extinguished every ember of their camp fire before they left the place, by pouring buckets of water over it, as the laws were very strict on that point.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Many of the terrible prairie fires are traced from time to time to sparks left by careless people camping out, which, blown by the wind, ignite the dry grass near, and start the destructive flames which spread and rush on for miles, carrying ruin in their track.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Many of the terrible prairie fires are traced from time to time to sparks left by careless people camping out, which, blown by the wind, ignite the dry grass near, and start the destructive flames which spread and rush on for miles, carrying ruin in their track.

tracedverbUS /treɪst/

past form of “trace” — follow, discover, or ascertain the course of development of something

From this reading Many of the terrible prairie fires are traced from time to time to sparks left by careless people camping out, which, blown by the wind, ignite the dry grass near, and start the destructive flames which spread and rush on for miles, carrying ruin in their track.

tracknounUS /træk/

a line or route along which something travels or moves

From this reading Many of the terrible prairie fires are traced from time to time to sparks left by careless people camping out, which, blown by the wind, ignite the dry grass near, and start the destructive flames which spread and rush on for miles, carrying ruin in their track.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading The men very carefully extinguished every ember of their camp fire before they left the place, by pouring buckets of water over it, as the laws were very strict on that point.

waggonnoun

any of various kinds of wheeled vehicles drawn by an animal or a tractor

From this reading The sun had not risen far above the horizon when the waggon started.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Lem sat in front of the waggon, driving the four horses, while Jeff was beside him, both smoking.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading The men very carefully extinguished every ember of their camp fire before they left the place, by pouring buckets of water over it, as the laws were very strict on that point.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The men very carefully extinguished every ember of their camp fire before they left the place, by pouring buckets of water over it, as the laws were very strict on that point.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading The sun had not risen far above the horizon when the waggon started.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Many of the terrible prairie fires are traced from time to time to sparks left by careless people camping out, which, blown by the wind, ignite the dry grass near, and start the destructive flames which spread and rush on for miles, carrying ruin in their track.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading Lem sat in front of the waggon, driving the four horses, while Jeff was beside him, both smoking.

windnounUS /waɪnd/

air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure

From this reading Many of the terrible prairie fires are traced from time to time to sparks left by careless people camping out, which, blown by the wind, ignite the dry grass near, and start the destructive flames which spread and rush on for miles, carrying ruin in their track.

Chapter 4 of Left on the Prairie by Noel West holds 91 sentences, grouped into 19 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Left on the Prairie contain?

Chapter 4 holds 91 sentences of Left on the Prairie, unabridged, divided into 19 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Left on the Prairie by Noel West exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 91 sentences, grouped into 19 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Left on the Prairie?

Work through the 19 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 19 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Left on the Prairie

Common questions about reading Left on the Prairie by Noel West on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Left on the Prairie?

Yes. All 1066 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #34003 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Left on the Prairie is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #34003, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Left on the Prairie take to read?

About 88 minutes of reading across 214 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Left on the Prairie section by section

How to work through Left on the Prairie section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 11 chapters of Left on the Prairie to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Left on the Prairie

Words and structures a reader meets early in Left on the Prairie, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Frontispiece
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Left on the Prairie; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Began
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Left on the Prairie; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Terrible
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Left on the Prairie; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Fight
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Left on the Prairie; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.