Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Book II.
Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Book II.

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Book II. is here in full — 52 sentences across 11 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Book II.
Context Illustration Reading 1/10 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A FULLER VIEW OF THE CHARACTER OF BOABDIL.--MUZA IN THE GARDENS OF HIS BELOVED.
Muza Ben Abil Gazan returned from his visit to Boabdil with a thoughtful and depressed spirit.
His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.
But that noble warrior, whose character the adversity of his country had singularly exalted and refined, even while increasing its natural fierceness, thought little of himself in comparison with the evils and misfortunes which the king's continued irresolution must bring upon Granada.
"So brave, and yet so weak," thought he; "so weak, and yet so obstinate; so wise a reasoner, yet so credulous a dupe!
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Book II.

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Book II. is here in full — 52 sentences across 11 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/10 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A FULLER VIEW OF THE CHARACTER OF BOABDIL.--MUZA IN THE GARDENS OF HIS BELOVED.
Line 2
Muza Ben Abil Gazan returned from his visit to Boabdil with a thoughtful and depressed spirit.
Line 3
His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.
Line 4
But that noble warrior, whose character the adversity of his country had singularly exalted and refined, even while increasing its natural fierceness, thought little of himself in comparison with the evils and misfortunes which the king's continued irresolution must bring upon Granada.
Line 5
"So brave, and yet so weak," thought he; "so weak, and yet so obstinate; so wise a reasoner, yet so credulous a dupe!
/soʊ breɪv ənd jet soʊ wiːk θɔːt hiː soʊ wiːk ənd jet soʊ ˈɑːbstənət soʊ waɪz ə ˈriːzənər jet soʊ ˈkredʒələs ə duːp/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

adversity noun US /ədˈvɝː.sə.t̬i/

Difficulties; misfortune and hardship faced with courage.

From this reading “But that noble warrior, whose character the adversity of his country had singularly exalted and refined, even while increasing its natural fierceness, thought little of himself in comparison with the evils and misfortunes which the king's continued irresolution must bring upon Granada.”

credulous adjective US /ˈkredʒələs/

disposed to believe on little evidence

From this reading “"So brave, and yet so weak," thought he; "so weak, and yet so obstinate; so wise a reasoner, yet so credulous a dupe!”

dial noun US /ˈdaɪəl/

the face of a timepiece; graduated to show the hours

From this reading “His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.”

dupe verb US /duːp/

fool or hoax

From this reading “"So brave, and yet so weak," thought he; "so weak, and yet so obstinate; so wise a reasoner, yet so credulous a dupe!”

Granada noun US /ɡrəˈnɑːdə/

a city in southeastern Spain that was the capital of the Moorish kingdom until it was captured by Ferdinand and Isabella in 1492

From this reading “But that noble warrior, whose character the adversity of his country had singularly exalted and refined, even while increasing its natural fierceness, thought little of himself in comparison with the evils and misfortunes which the king's continued irresolution must bring upon Granada.”

invaders noun US /ˌɪnˈveɪdərz/

plural of “invader” — someone who enters by force in order to conquer

From this reading “His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.”

reasoner noun US /ˈriːzənər/

someone who reasons logically

From this reading “"So brave, and yet so weak," thought he; "so weak, and yet so obstinate; so wise a reasoner, yet so credulous a dupe!”

tenure noun US /ˈtenjər/

the term during which some position is held

From this reading “His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.”

All words in this reading · 100

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A FULLER VIEW OF THE CHARACTER OF BOABDIL.--MUZA IN THE GARDENS OF HIS BELOVED.

Abil

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Muza Ben Abil Gazan returned from his visit to Boabdil with a thoughtful and depressed spirit.

adversitynounUS /ədˈvɝː.sə.t̬i/

Difficulties; misfortune and hardship faced with courage.

From this reading But that noble warrior, whose character the adversity of his country had singularly exalted and refined, even while increasing its natural fierceness, thought little of himself in comparison with the evils and misfortunes which the king's continued irresolution must bring upon Granada.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.

althoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Muza Ben Abil Gazan returned from his visit to Boabdil with a thoughtful and depressed spirit.

argumentsnounUS /ˈɑːrɡjəmənts/

plural of “argument” — a fact or assertion offered as evidence that something is true

From this reading His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.

armnounUS /ɑːrm/

a human limb; technically the part of the superior limb between the shoulder and the elbow but commonly used to refer to the whole superior limb

From this reading His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.

BELOVEDadjectiveUS /bɪˈlʌvd/

dearly loved

From this reading A FULLER VIEW OF THE CHARACTER OF BOABDIL.--MUZA IN THE GARDENS OF HIS BELOVED.

BennounUS /ben/

a mountain or tall hill

From this reading Muza Ben Abil Gazan returned from his visit to Boabdil with a thoughtful and depressed spirit.

BOABDIL

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A FULLER VIEW OF THE CHARACTER OF BOABDIL.--MUZA IN THE GARDENS OF HIS BELOVED.

braveadjectiveUS /breɪv/

possessing or displaying courage; able to face and deal with danger or fear without flinching

From this reading "So brave, and yet so weak," thought he; "so weak, and yet so obstinate; so wise a reasoner, yet so credulous a dupe!

bringverbUS /brɪŋ/

take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading But that noble warrior, whose character the adversity of his country had singularly exalted and refined, even while increasing its natural fierceness, thought little of himself in comparison with the evils and misfortunes which the king's continued irresolution must bring upon Granada.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But that noble warrior, whose character the adversity of his country had singularly exalted and refined, even while increasing its natural fierceness, thought little of himself in comparison with the evils and misfortunes which the king's continued irresolution must bring upon Granada.

capriciousadjectiveUS /kəˈprɪʃəs/

changeable

From this reading His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.

CHARACTERnounUS /ˈkerɪktər/

an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading A FULLER VIEW OF THE CHARACTER OF BOABDIL.--MUZA IN THE GARDENS OF HIS BELOVED.

commandnounUS /kəˈmænd/

an authoritative direction or instruction to do something

From this reading His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.

comparisonnounUS /kəmˈperəsən/

the act of examining resemblances

From this reading But that noble warrior, whose character the adversity of his country had singularly exalted and refined, even while increasing its natural fierceness, thought little of himself in comparison with the evils and misfortunes which the king's continued irresolution must bring upon Granada.

continuedadjectiveUS /kənˈtɪnjuːd/

without stop or interruption

From this reading But that noble warrior, whose character the adversity of his country had singularly exalted and refined, even while increasing its natural fierceness, thought little of himself in comparison with the evils and misfortunes which the king's continued irresolution must bring upon Granada.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading But that noble warrior, whose character the adversity of his country had singularly exalted and refined, even while increasing its natural fierceness, thought little of himself in comparison with the evils and misfortunes which the king's continued irresolution must bring upon Granada.

credulousadjectiveUS /ˈkredʒələs/

disposed to believe on little evidence

From this reading "So brave, and yet so weak," thought he; "so weak, and yet so obstinate; so wise a reasoner, yet so credulous a dupe!

depressedadjectiveUS /dɪˈprest/

lower than previously

From this reading Muza Ben Abil Gazan returned from his visit to Boabdil with a thoughtful and depressed spirit.

dialnounUS /ˈdaɪəl/

the face of a timepiece; graduated to show the hours

From this reading His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.

disdainverbUS /dɪsˈdeɪn/

look down on with disdain

From this reading His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.

dupeverbUS /duːp/

fool or hoax

From this reading "So brave, and yet so weak," thought he; "so weak, and yet so obstinate; so wise a reasoner, yet so credulous a dupe!

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading But that noble warrior, whose character the adversity of his country had singularly exalted and refined, even while increasing its natural fierceness, thought little of himself in comparison with the evils and misfortunes which the king's continued irresolution must bring upon Granada.

evilsnounUS /ˈiːvəlz/

plural of “evil” — morally objectionable behavior

From this reading But that noble warrior, whose character the adversity of his country had singularly exalted and refined, even while increasing its natural fierceness, thought little of himself in comparison with the evils and misfortunes which the king's continued irresolution must bring upon Granada.

exaltedadjectiveUS /ɪɡˈzɔːltɪd/

of high moral or intellectual value; elevated in nature or style

From this reading But that noble warrior, whose character the adversity of his country had singularly exalted and refined, even while increasing its natural fierceness, thought little of himself in comparison with the evils and misfortunes which the king's continued irresolution must bring upon Granada.

failedverbUS /feɪld/

past form of “fail” — fail to do something; leave something undone

From this reading His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.

favournounUS /ˈfeɪvər/

a feeling of favorable regard

From this reading His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.

fiercenessnoun

the property of being wild or turbulent

From this reading But that noble warrior, whose character the adversity of his country had singularly exalted and refined, even while increasing its natural fierceness, thought little of himself in comparison with the evils and misfortunes which the king's continued irresolution must bring upon Granada.

forbadeverbUS /fərˈbeɪd/

inflected form of “forbid” — command against

From this reading His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Muza Ben Abil Gazan returned from his visit to Boabdil with a thoughtful and depressed spirit.

FULLERnounUS /ˈfʊlər/

United States jurist and chief justice of the United States Supreme Court (1833-1910)

From this reading A FULLER VIEW OF THE CHARACTER OF BOABDIL.--MUZA IN THE GARDENS OF HIS BELOVED.

GARDENSnounUS /ˈɡɑːrdənz/

plural of “garden” — a plot of ground where plants are cultivated

From this reading A FULLER VIEW OF THE CHARACTER OF BOABDIL.--MUZA IN THE GARDENS OF HIS BELOVED.

Gazan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Muza Ben Abil Gazan returned from his visit to Boabdil with a thoughtful and depressed spirit.

GranadanounUS /ɡrəˈnɑːdə/

a city in southeastern Spain that was the capital of the Moorish kingdom until it was captured by Ferdinand and Isabella in 1492

From this reading But that noble warrior, whose character the adversity of his country had singularly exalted and refined, even while increasing its natural fierceness, thought little of himself in comparison with the evils and misfortunes which the king's continued irresolution must bring upon Granada.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading "So brave, and yet so weak," thought he; "so weak, and yet so obstinate; so wise a reasoner, yet so credulous a dupe!

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.

HISdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading A FULLER VIEW OF THE CHARACTER OF BOABDIL.--MUZA IN THE GARDENS OF HIS BELOVED.

hungverbUS /hʌŋ/

inflected form of “hang” — be suspended or hanging

From this reading His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.

imposturenoun

pretending to be another person

From this reading His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading A FULLER VIEW OF THE CHARACTER OF BOABDIL.--MUZA IN THE GARDENS OF HIS BELOVED.

increasingadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈkriːsɪŋ/

becoming greater or larger

From this reading But that noble warrior, whose character the adversity of his country had singularly exalted and refined, even while increasing its natural fierceness, thought little of himself in comparison with the evils and misfortunes which the king's continued irresolution must bring upon Granada.

induceverbUS /ˌɪnˈduːs/

cause to arise

From this reading His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.

invadersnounUS /ˌɪnˈveɪdərz/

plural of “invader” — someone who enters by force in order to conquer

From this reading His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.

irresolutionnoun

doubt concerning two or more possible alternatives or courses of action

From this reading But that noble warrior, whose character the adversity of his country had singularly exalted and refined, even while increasing its natural fierceness, thought little of himself in comparison with the evils and misfortunes which the king's continued irresolution must bring upon Granada.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading But that noble warrior, whose character the adversity of his country had singularly exalted and refined, even while increasing its natural fierceness, thought little of himself in comparison with the evils and misfortunes which the king's continued irresolution must bring upon Granada.

kingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.

king'snounUS /kɪŋz/

possessive form of “king” — a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading But that noble warrior, whose character the adversity of his country had singularly exalted and refined, even while increasing its natural fierceness, thought little of himself in comparison with the evils and misfortunes which the king's continued irresolution must bring upon Granada.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading But that noble warrior, whose character the adversity of his country had singularly exalted and refined, even while increasing its natural fierceness, thought little of himself in comparison with the evils and misfortunes which the king's continued irresolution must bring upon Granada.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.

longeradverbUS /ˈlɔːŋɡər/

for more time

From this reading His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.

magicnounUS /ˈmædʒɪk/

any art that invokes supernatural powers

From this reading His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.

misfortunesnounUS /mɪˈsfɔːrtʃənz/

plural of “misfortune” — unnecessary and unforeseen trouble resulting from an unfortunate event

From this reading But that noble warrior, whose character the adversity of his country had singularly exalted and refined, even while increasing its natural fierceness, thought little of himself in comparison with the evils and misfortunes which the king's continued irresolution must bring upon Granada.

MoorverbUS /mʊr/

secure in or as if in a berth or dock

From this reading His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading But that noble warrior, whose character the adversity of his country had singularly exalted and refined, even while increasing its natural fierceness, thought little of himself in comparison with the evils and misfortunes which the king's continued irresolution must bring upon Granada.

MUZA

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A FULLER VIEW OF THE CHARACTER OF BOABDIL.--MUZA IN THE GARDENS OF HIS BELOVED.

naturaladjectiveUS /ˈnætʃərəl/

in accordance with nature; relating to or concerning nature

From this reading But that noble warrior, whose character the adversity of his country had singularly exalted and refined, even while increasing its natural fierceness, thought little of himself in comparison with the evils and misfortunes which the king's continued irresolution must bring upon Granada.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.

nobleadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊbəl/

impressive in appearance

From this reading But that noble warrior, whose character the adversity of his country had singularly exalted and refined, even while increasing its natural fierceness, thought little of himself in comparison with the evils and misfortunes which the king's continued irresolution must bring upon Granada.

obstinateadjectiveUS /ˈɑːbstənət/

tenaciously unwilling or marked by tenacious unwillingness to yield

From this reading "So brave, and yet so weak," thought he; "so weak, and yet so obstinate; so wise a reasoner, yet so credulous a dupe!

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading A FULLER VIEW OF THE CHARACTER OF BOABDIL.--MUZA IN THE GARDENS OF HIS BELOVED.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.

reasonernounUS /ˈriːzənər/

someone who reasons logically

From this reading "So brave, and yet so weak," thought he; "so weak, and yet so obstinate; so wise a reasoner, yet so credulous a dupe!

refinedadjectiveUS /rəˈfaɪnd/

(used of persons and their behavior) cultivated and genteel

From this reading But that noble warrior, whose character the adversity of his country had singularly exalted and refined, even while increasing its natural fierceness, thought little of himself in comparison with the evils and misfortunes which the king's continued irresolution must bring upon Granada.

returnedverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrnd/

past form of “return” — go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading Muza Ben Abil Gazan returned from his visit to Boabdil with a thoughtful and depressed spirit.

royaladjectiveUS /ˈrɔɪəl/

of or relating to or indicative of or issued or performed by a king or queen or other monarch

From this reading His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.

singularlyadverbUS /ˈsɪŋɡjələrli/

in a singular manner or to a singular degree

From this reading But that noble warrior, whose character the adversity of his country had singularly exalted and refined, even while increasing its natural fierceness, thought little of himself in comparison with the evils and misfortunes which the king's continued irresolution must bring upon Granada.

slavenounUS /sleɪv/

a person who is owned by someone

From this reading His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.

sovereignadjectiveUS /ˈsɑːv.rən/

Possessing supreme or ultimate power; autonomous and commanding.

From this reading His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.

spiritnounUS /ˈspɪrət/

the vital principle or animating force within living things

From this reading Muza Ben Abil Gazan returned from his visit to Boabdil with a thoughtful and depressed spirit.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.

superstitionnounUS /ˌsuːpərˈstɪʃən/

an irrational belief arising from ignorance or fear

From this reading His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.

tenurenounUS /ˈtenjər/

the term during which some position is held

From this reading His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading A FULLER VIEW OF THE CHARACTER OF BOABDIL.--MUZA IN THE GARDENS OF HIS BELOVED.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading But that noble warrior, whose character the adversity of his country had singularly exalted and refined, even while increasing its natural fierceness, thought little of himself in comparison with the evils and misfortunes which the king's continued irresolution must bring upon Granada.

thoughtfuladjectiveUS /ˈθɔːtfəl/

having intellectual depth

From this reading Muza Ben Abil Gazan returned from his visit to Boabdil with a thoughtful and depressed spirit.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Muza Ben Abil Gazan returned from his visit to Boabdil with a thoughtful and depressed spirit.

uncertainadjectiveUS /ənˈsɜːrtən/

lacking or indicating lack of confidence or assurance

From this reading His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.

VIEWnounUS /vjuː/

a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading A FULLER VIEW OF THE CHARACTER OF BOABDIL.--MUZA IN THE GARDENS OF HIS BELOVED.

visitverbUS /ˈvɪzɪt/

go to see a place, as for entertainment

From this reading Muza Ben Abil Gazan returned from his visit to Boabdil with a thoughtful and depressed spirit.

warriornounUS /ˈwɔːriər/

someone engaged in or experienced in warfare

From this reading But that noble warrior, whose character the adversity of his country had singularly exalted and refined, even while increasing its natural fierceness, thought little of himself in comparison with the evils and misfortunes which the king's continued irresolution must bring upon Granada.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.

weakadjectiveUS /wiːk/

wanting in physical strength

From this reading "So brave, and yet so weak," thought he; "so weak, and yet so obstinate; so wise a reasoner, yet so credulous a dupe!

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading But that noble warrior, whose character the adversity of his country had singularly exalted and refined, even while increasing its natural fierceness, thought little of himself in comparison with the evils and misfortunes which the king's continued irresolution must bring upon Granada.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading But that noble warrior, whose character the adversity of his country had singularly exalted and refined, even while increasing its natural fierceness, thought little of himself in comparison with the evils and misfortunes which the king's continued irresolution must bring upon Granada.

wiseadjectiveUS /waɪz/

having or prompted by wisdom or discernment

From this reading "So brave, and yet so weak," thought he; "so weak, and yet so obstinate; so wise a reasoner, yet so credulous a dupe!

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Muza Ben Abil Gazan returned from his visit to Boabdil with a thoughtful and depressed spirit.

withdrawnadjectiveUS /wɪθˈdrɔːn/

withdrawn from society; seeking solitude

From this reading His arguments had failed to induce the king to disdain the command of the magic dial, which still forbade him to arm against the invaders; and although the royal favour was no longer withdrawn from himself, the Moor felt that such favour hung upon a capricious and uncertain tenure so long as his sovereign was the slave of superstition or imposture.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading "So brave, and yet so weak," thought he; "so weak, and yet so obstinate; so wise a reasoner, yet so credulous a dupe!

Chapter 4 of Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Book II. by Edward Bulwer Lytton, Baron Lytton holds 52 sentences, grouped into 11 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Book II. contain?

Chapter 4 holds 52 sentences of Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Book II., unabridged, divided into 11 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Book II. by Edward Bulwer Lytton, Baron Lytton exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 52 sentences, grouped into 11 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Book II.?

Work through the 11 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 11 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Book II.

Common questions about reading Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Book II. by Edward Bulwer Lytton, Baron Lytton on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Book II.?

Yes. All 724 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #9757 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Book II. is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #9757, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Book II. take to read?

About 60 minutes of reading across 145 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Book II. section by section

How to work through Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Book II. section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 7 chapters of Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Book II. to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Book II.

Words and structures a reader meets early in Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Book II., each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Royal
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Book II.; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Spain
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Book II.; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Dominican--the
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Book II.; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Visitor
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Book II.; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.