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Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Complete
Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Complete

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Complete is here in full — 128 sentences across 26 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Complete
Context Illustration Reading 1/25 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The day slowly dawned upon that awful night; and the Moors, still upon the battlements of Granada, beheld the whole army of Ferdinand on its march towards their wails.
At a distance lay the wrecks of the blackened and smouldering camp; while before them, gaudy and glittering pennons waving, and trumpets sounding, came the exultant legions of the foe.
The Moors could scarcely believe their senses.
Fondly anticipating the retreat of the Christians, after so signal a disaster, the gay and dazzling spectacle of their march to the assault filled them with consternation and alarm.
While yet wondering and inactive, the trumpet of Boabdil was heard behind; and they beheld the Moorish king, at the head of his guards, emerging down the avenues that led to the gate.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Complete

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Complete is here in full — 128 sentences across 26 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/25 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The day slowly dawned upon that awful night; and the Moors, still upon the battlements of Granada, beheld the whole army of Ferdinand on its march towards their wails.
/ðə deɪ ˈsloʊli dɔːnd əˈpɑːn ðæt ˈɑːfəl naɪt ənd ðə mʊrz stɪl əˈpɑːn ðə ˈbætəlmənts ʌv ɡrəˈnɑːdə biˈheld ðə hoʊl ˈɑːrmi ʌv ˈfɜːrdɪnænd ɑːn ɪts mɑːrtʃ təˈwɔːrdz ðer weɪlz/
Line 2
At a distance lay the wrecks of the blackened and smouldering camp; while before them, gaudy and glittering pennons waving, and trumpets sounding, came the exultant legions of the foe.
Line 3
The Moors could scarcely believe their senses.
/ðə mʊrz kʊd ˈskersli bɪˈliːv ðer ˈsensɪz/
Line 4
Fondly anticipating the retreat of the Christians, after so signal a disaster, the gay and dazzling spectacle of their march to the assault filled them with consternation and alarm.
/ˈfɑːndli ænˈtɪsəpeɪtɪŋ ðə riˈtriːt ʌv ðə ˈkrɪstʃənz ˈæftər soʊ ˈsɪɡnəl ə dɪˈzæstər ðə ɡeɪ ənd ˈdæzəlɪŋ ˈspektəkəl ʌv ðer mɑːrtʃ tuː ðə əˈsɔːlt fɪld ðem wɪð ˌkɑːnstərˈneɪʃən ənd əˈlɑːrm/
Line 5
While yet wondering and inactive, the trumpet of Boabdil was heard behind; and they beheld the Moorish king, at the head of his guards, emerging down the avenues that led to the gate.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

anticipating verb US /ænˈtɪsəpeɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “anticipate” — regard something as probable or likely

From this reading “Fondly anticipating the retreat of the Christians, after so signal a disaster, the gay and dazzling spectacle of their march to the assault filled them with consternation and alarm.”

battlements noun US /ˈbætəlmənts/

plural of “battlement” — a rampart built around the top of a castle with regular gaps for firing arrows or guns

From this reading “The day slowly dawned upon that awful night; and the Moors, still upon the battlements of Granada, beheld the whole army of Ferdinand on its march towards their wails.”

exultant adjective US /ɪɡˈzʌltənt/

joyful and proud especially because of triumph or success

From this reading “At a distance lay the wrecks of the blackened and smouldering camp; while before them, gaudy and glittering pennons waving, and trumpets sounding, came the exultant legions of the foe.”

Granada noun US /ɡrəˈnɑːdə/

a city in southeastern Spain that was the capital of the Moorish kingdom until it was captured by Ferdinand and Isabella in 1492

From this reading “The day slowly dawned upon that awful night; and the Moors, still upon the battlements of Granada, beheld the whole army of Ferdinand on its march towards their wails.”

inactive adjective US /ˌɪˈnæktɪv/

(chemistry) not participating in a chemical reaction; chemically inert

From this reading “While yet wondering and inactive, the trumpet of Boabdil was heard behind; and they beheld the Moorish king, at the head of his guards, emerging down the avenues that led to the gate.”

legions noun US /ˈliːdʒənz/

plural of “legion” — archaic terms for army

From this reading “At a distance lay the wrecks of the blackened and smouldering camp; while before them, gaudy and glittering pennons waving, and trumpets sounding, came the exultant legions of the foe.”

wails noun US /weɪlz/

plural of “wail” — a cry of sorrow and grief

From this reading “The day slowly dawned upon that awful night; and the Moors, still upon the battlements of Granada, beheld the whole army of Ferdinand on its march towards their wails.”

wrecks noun US /reks/

plural of “wreck” — something or someone that has suffered ruin or dilapidation

From this reading “At a distance lay the wrecks of the blackened and smouldering camp; while before them, gaudy and glittering pennons waving, and trumpets sounding, came the exultant legions of the foe.”

All words in this reading · 85

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading At a distance lay the wrecks of the blackened and smouldering camp; while before them, gaudy and glittering pennons waving, and trumpets sounding, came the exultant legions of the foe.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Fondly anticipating the retreat of the Christians, after so signal a disaster, the gay and dazzling spectacle of their march to the assault filled them with consternation and alarm.

alarmnounUS /əˈlɑːrm/

fear resulting from the awareness of danger

From this reading Fondly anticipating the retreat of the Christians, after so signal a disaster, the gay and dazzling spectacle of their march to the assault filled them with consternation and alarm.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The day slowly dawned upon that awful night; and the Moors, still upon the battlements of Granada, beheld the whole army of Ferdinand on its march towards their wails.

anticipatingverbUS /ænˈtɪsəpeɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “anticipate” — regard something as probable or likely

From this reading Fondly anticipating the retreat of the Christians, after so signal a disaster, the gay and dazzling spectacle of their march to the assault filled them with consternation and alarm.

armynounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading The day slowly dawned upon that awful night; and the Moors, still upon the battlements of Granada, beheld the whole army of Ferdinand on its march towards their wails.

assaultnounUS /əˈsɔːlt/

close fighting during the culmination of a military attack

From this reading Fondly anticipating the retreat of the Christians, after so signal a disaster, the gay and dazzling spectacle of their march to the assault filled them with consternation and alarm.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At a distance lay the wrecks of the blackened and smouldering camp; while before them, gaudy and glittering pennons waving, and trumpets sounding, came the exultant legions of the foe.

avenuesnounUS /ˈævənuːz/

plural of “avenue” — a line of approach

From this reading While yet wondering and inactive, the trumpet of Boabdil was heard behind; and they beheld the Moorish king, at the head of his guards, emerging down the avenues that led to the gate.

awfuladjectiveUS /ˈɑːfəl/

exceptionally bad or displeasing

From this reading The day slowly dawned upon that awful night; and the Moors, still upon the battlements of Granada, beheld the whole army of Ferdinand on its march towards their wails.

battlementsnounUS /ˈbætəlmənts/

plural of “battlement” — a rampart built around the top of a castle with regular gaps for firing arrows or guns

From this reading The day slowly dawned upon that awful night; and the Moors, still upon the battlements of Granada, beheld the whole army of Ferdinand on its march towards their wails.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading At a distance lay the wrecks of the blackened and smouldering camp; while before them, gaudy and glittering pennons waving, and trumpets sounding, came the exultant legions of the foe.

beheldverbUS /biˈheld/

inflected form of “behold” — see with attention

From this reading The day slowly dawned upon that awful night; and the Moors, still upon the battlements of Granada, beheld the whole army of Ferdinand on its march towards their wails.

behindprepositionUS /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading While yet wondering and inactive, the trumpet of Boabdil was heard behind; and they beheld the Moorish king, at the head of his guards, emerging down the avenues that led to the gate.

believeverbUS /bɪˈliːv/

accept as true; take to be true

From this reading The Moors could scarcely believe their senses.

blackenedadjectiveUS /ˈblækənd/

darkened by smoke

From this reading At a distance lay the wrecks of the blackened and smouldering camp; while before them, gaudy and glittering pennons waving, and trumpets sounding, came the exultant legions of the foe.

Boabdil

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading While yet wondering and inactive, the trumpet of Boabdil was heard behind; and they beheld the Moorish king, at the head of his guards, emerging down the avenues that led to the gate.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading At a distance lay the wrecks of the blackened and smouldering camp; while before them, gaudy and glittering pennons waving, and trumpets sounding, came the exultant legions of the foe.

campnounUS /kæmp/

temporary living quarters specially built by the army for soldiers

From this reading At a distance lay the wrecks of the blackened and smouldering camp; while before them, gaudy and glittering pennons waving, and trumpets sounding, came the exultant legions of the foe.

ChristiansnounUS /ˈkrɪstʃənz/

plural of “christian” — a religious person who believes Jesus is the Christ and who is a member of a Christian denomination

From this reading Fondly anticipating the retreat of the Christians, after so signal a disaster, the gay and dazzling spectacle of their march to the assault filled them with consternation and alarm.

consternationnounUS /ˌkɑːnstərˈneɪʃən/

fear resulting from the awareness of danger

From this reading Fondly anticipating the retreat of the Christians, after so signal a disaster, the gay and dazzling spectacle of their march to the assault filled them with consternation and alarm.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading The Moors could scarcely believe their senses.

dawnedverbUS /dɔːnd/

past form of “dawn” — become clear or enter one's consciousness or emotions

From this reading The day slowly dawned upon that awful night; and the Moors, still upon the battlements of Granada, beheld the whole army of Ferdinand on its march towards their wails.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading The day slowly dawned upon that awful night; and the Moors, still upon the battlements of Granada, beheld the whole army of Ferdinand on its march towards their wails.

dazzlingadjectiveUS /ˈdæzəlɪŋ/

amazingly impressive; suggestive of the flashing of lightning

From this reading Fondly anticipating the retreat of the Christians, after so signal a disaster, the gay and dazzling spectacle of their march to the assault filled them with consternation and alarm.

disasternounUS /dɪˈzæstər/

a state of extreme (usually irremediable) ruin and misfortune

From this reading Fondly anticipating the retreat of the Christians, after so signal a disaster, the gay and dazzling spectacle of their march to the assault filled them with consternation and alarm.

distancenounUS /ˈdɪstəns/

the property created by the space between two objects or points

From this reading At a distance lay the wrecks of the blackened and smouldering camp; while before them, gaudy and glittering pennons waving, and trumpets sounding, came the exultant legions of the foe.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading While yet wondering and inactive, the trumpet of Boabdil was heard behind; and they beheld the Moorish king, at the head of his guards, emerging down the avenues that led to the gate.

emergingadjectiveUS /ɪˈmɜːrdʒɪŋ/

coming to maturity

From this reading While yet wondering and inactive, the trumpet of Boabdil was heard behind; and they beheld the Moorish king, at the head of his guards, emerging down the avenues that led to the gate.

exultantadjectiveUS /ɪɡˈzʌltənt/

joyful and proud especially because of triumph or success

From this reading At a distance lay the wrecks of the blackened and smouldering camp; while before them, gaudy and glittering pennons waving, and trumpets sounding, came the exultant legions of the foe.

FerdinandnounUS /ˈfɜːrdɪnænd/

the king of Castile and Aragon who ruled jointly with his wife Isabella

From this reading The day slowly dawned upon that awful night; and the Moors, still upon the battlements of Granada, beheld the whole army of Ferdinand on its march towards their wails.

filledadjectiveUS /fɪld/

(usually followed by “with” or used as a combining form) generously supplied with

From this reading Fondly anticipating the retreat of the Christians, after so signal a disaster, the gay and dazzling spectacle of their march to the assault filled them with consternation and alarm.

foenounUS /foʊ/

an armed adversary (especially a member of an opposing military force)

From this reading At a distance lay the wrecks of the blackened and smouldering camp; while before them, gaudy and glittering pennons waving, and trumpets sounding, came the exultant legions of the foe.

FondlyadverbUS /ˈfɑːndli/

with fondness; with love

From this reading Fondly anticipating the retreat of the Christians, after so signal a disaster, the gay and dazzling spectacle of their march to the assault filled them with consternation and alarm.

gatenounUS /ɡeɪt/

a movable barrier in a fence or wall

From this reading While yet wondering and inactive, the trumpet of Boabdil was heard behind; and they beheld the Moorish king, at the head of his guards, emerging down the avenues that led to the gate.

gaudyadjectiveUS /ˈɡɔːdi/

tastelessly showy

From this reading At a distance lay the wrecks of the blackened and smouldering camp; while before them, gaudy and glittering pennons waving, and trumpets sounding, came the exultant legions of the foe.

gayadjectiveUS /ɡeɪ/

bright and pleasant; promoting a feeling of cheer

From this reading Fondly anticipating the retreat of the Christians, after so signal a disaster, the gay and dazzling spectacle of their march to the assault filled them with consternation and alarm.

glitteringadjectiveUS /ˈɡlɪtərɪŋ/

having brief brilliant points or flashes of light

From this reading At a distance lay the wrecks of the blackened and smouldering camp; while before them, gaudy and glittering pennons waving, and trumpets sounding, came the exultant legions of the foe.

GranadanounUS /ɡrəˈnɑːdə/

a city in southeastern Spain that was the capital of the Moorish kingdom until it was captured by Ferdinand and Isabella in 1492

From this reading The day slowly dawned upon that awful night; and the Moors, still upon the battlements of Granada, beheld the whole army of Ferdinand on its march towards their wails.

guardsnounUS /ɡɑːrdz/

plural of “guard” — a person who keeps watch over something or someone

From this reading While yet wondering and inactive, the trumpet of Boabdil was heard behind; and they beheld the Moorish king, at the head of his guards, emerging down the avenues that led to the gate.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading While yet wondering and inactive, the trumpet of Boabdil was heard behind; and they beheld the Moorish king, at the head of his guards, emerging down the avenues that led to the gate.

heardadjectiveUS /hɜːrd/

detected or perceived by the sense of hearing

From this reading While yet wondering and inactive, the trumpet of Boabdil was heard behind; and they beheld the Moorish king, at the head of his guards, emerging down the avenues that led to the gate.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading While yet wondering and inactive, the trumpet of Boabdil was heard behind; and they beheld the Moorish king, at the head of his guards, emerging down the avenues that led to the gate.

inactiveadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈnæktɪv/

(chemistry) not participating in a chemical reaction; chemically inert

From this reading While yet wondering and inactive, the trumpet of Boabdil was heard behind; and they beheld the Moorish king, at the head of his guards, emerging down the avenues that led to the gate.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The day slowly dawned upon that awful night; and the Moors, still upon the battlements of Granada, beheld the whole army of Ferdinand on its march towards their wails.

kingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading While yet wondering and inactive, the trumpet of Boabdil was heard behind; and they beheld the Moorish king, at the head of his guards, emerging down the avenues that led to the gate.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading At a distance lay the wrecks of the blackened and smouldering camp; while before them, gaudy and glittering pennons waving, and trumpets sounding, came the exultant legions of the foe.

lednounUS /led/

diode such that light emitted at a p-n junction is proportional to the bias current; color depends on the material used

From this reading While yet wondering and inactive, the trumpet of Boabdil was heard behind; and they beheld the Moorish king, at the head of his guards, emerging down the avenues that led to the gate.

legionsnounUS /ˈliːdʒənz/

plural of “legion” — archaic terms for army

From this reading At a distance lay the wrecks of the blackened and smouldering camp; while before them, gaudy and glittering pennons waving, and trumpets sounding, came the exultant legions of the foe.

marchverbUS /mɑːrtʃ/

march in a procession

From this reading The day slowly dawned upon that awful night; and the Moors, still upon the battlements of Granada, beheld the whole army of Ferdinand on its march towards their wails.

MoorishnounUS /ˈmʊrɪʃ/

a style of architecture common in Spain from the 13th to 16th centuries; characterized by horseshoe-shaped arches

From this reading While yet wondering and inactive, the trumpet of Boabdil was heard behind; and they beheld the Moorish king, at the head of his guards, emerging down the avenues that led to the gate.

MoorsnounUS /mʊrz/

plural of “moor” — one of the Muslim people of north Africa; of mixed Arab and Berber descent; converted to Islam in the 8th century; conqueror of Spain in the 8th century

From this reading The day slowly dawned upon that awful night; and the Moors, still upon the battlements of Granada, beheld the whole army of Ferdinand on its march towards their wails.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading The day slowly dawned upon that awful night; and the Moors, still upon the battlements of Granada, beheld the whole army of Ferdinand on its march towards their wails.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The day slowly dawned upon that awful night; and the Moors, still upon the battlements of Granada, beheld the whole army of Ferdinand on its march towards their wails.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The day slowly dawned upon that awful night; and the Moors, still upon the battlements of Granada, beheld the whole army of Ferdinand on its march towards their wails.

pennons

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At a distance lay the wrecks of the blackened and smouldering camp; while before them, gaudy and glittering pennons waving, and trumpets sounding, came the exultant legions of the foe.

retreatnounUS /riˈtriːt/

(military) withdrawal of troops to a more favorable position to escape the enemy's superior forces or after a defeat

From this reading Fondly anticipating the retreat of the Christians, after so signal a disaster, the gay and dazzling spectacle of their march to the assault filled them with consternation and alarm.

scarcelyadverbUS /ˈskersli/

only a very short time before

From this reading The Moors could scarcely believe their senses.

sensesnounUS /ˈsensɪz/

plural of “sens” — street names for marijuana

From this reading The Moors could scarcely believe their senses.

signalnounUS /ˈsɪɡnəl/

any nonverbal action or gesture that encodes a message

From this reading Fondly anticipating the retreat of the Christians, after so signal a disaster, the gay and dazzling spectacle of their march to the assault filled them with consternation and alarm.

slowlyadverbUS /ˈsloʊli/

without speed (“slow” is sometimes used informally for “slowly”)

From this reading The day slowly dawned upon that awful night; and the Moors, still upon the battlements of Granada, beheld the whole army of Ferdinand on its march towards their wails.

smoulderingadjective

showing scarcely suppressed anger

From this reading At a distance lay the wrecks of the blackened and smouldering camp; while before them, gaudy and glittering pennons waving, and trumpets sounding, came the exultant legions of the foe.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Fondly anticipating the retreat of the Christians, after so signal a disaster, the gay and dazzling spectacle of their march to the assault filled them with consternation and alarm.

soundingadjectiveUS /ˈsaʊndɪŋ/

appearing to be as specified; usually used as combining forms

From this reading At a distance lay the wrecks of the blackened and smouldering camp; while before them, gaudy and glittering pennons waving, and trumpets sounding, came the exultant legions of the foe.

spectaclenounUS /ˈspektəkəl/

something or someone seen (especially a notable or unusual sight)

From this reading Fondly anticipating the retreat of the Christians, after so signal a disaster, the gay and dazzling spectacle of their march to the assault filled them with consternation and alarm.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading The day slowly dawned upon that awful night; and the Moors, still upon the battlements of Granada, beheld the whole army of Ferdinand on its march towards their wails.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The day slowly dawned upon that awful night; and the Moors, still upon the battlements of Granada, beheld the whole army of Ferdinand on its march towards their wails.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The day slowly dawned upon that awful night; and the Moors, still upon the battlements of Granada, beheld the whole army of Ferdinand on its march towards their wails.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The day slowly dawned upon that awful night; and the Moors, still upon the battlements of Granada, beheld the whole army of Ferdinand on its march towards their wails.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading At a distance lay the wrecks of the blackened and smouldering camp; while before them, gaudy and glittering pennons waving, and trumpets sounding, came the exultant legions of the foe.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading While yet wondering and inactive, the trumpet of Boabdil was heard behind; and they beheld the Moorish king, at the head of his guards, emerging down the avenues that led to the gate.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Fondly anticipating the retreat of the Christians, after so signal a disaster, the gay and dazzling spectacle of their march to the assault filled them with consternation and alarm.

towardsprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrdz/

in the direction of

From this reading The day slowly dawned upon that awful night; and the Moors, still upon the battlements of Granada, beheld the whole army of Ferdinand on its march towards their wails.

trumpetverbUS /ˈtrʌmpət/

proclaim on, or as if on, a trumpet

From this reading While yet wondering and inactive, the trumpet of Boabdil was heard behind; and they beheld the Moorish king, at the head of his guards, emerging down the avenues that led to the gate.

trumpetsnounUS /ˈtrʌmpəts/

pitcher plant of southeastern United States having erect yellow trumpet-shaped pitchers with wide mouths and erect lids

From this reading At a distance lay the wrecks of the blackened and smouldering camp; while before them, gaudy and glittering pennons waving, and trumpets sounding, came the exultant legions of the foe.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The day slowly dawned upon that awful night; and the Moors, still upon the battlements of Granada, beheld the whole army of Ferdinand on its march towards their wails.

wailsnounUS /weɪlz/

plural of “wail” — a cry of sorrow and grief

From this reading The day slowly dawned upon that awful night; and the Moors, still upon the battlements of Granada, beheld the whole army of Ferdinand on its march towards their wails.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading While yet wondering and inactive, the trumpet of Boabdil was heard behind; and they beheld the Moorish king, at the head of his guards, emerging down the avenues that led to the gate.

wavingnounUS /ˈweɪvɪŋ/

the act of signaling by a movement of the hand

From this reading At a distance lay the wrecks of the blackened and smouldering camp; while before them, gaudy and glittering pennons waving, and trumpets sounding, came the exultant legions of the foe.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading At a distance lay the wrecks of the blackened and smouldering camp; while before them, gaudy and glittering pennons waving, and trumpets sounding, came the exultant legions of the foe.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading The day slowly dawned upon that awful night; and the Moors, still upon the battlements of Granada, beheld the whole army of Ferdinand on its march towards their wails.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Fondly anticipating the retreat of the Christians, after so signal a disaster, the gay and dazzling spectacle of their march to the assault filled them with consternation and alarm.

wonderingadjectiveUS /ˈwʌndərɪŋ/

showing curiosity

From this reading While yet wondering and inactive, the trumpet of Boabdil was heard behind; and they beheld the Moorish king, at the head of his guards, emerging down the avenues that led to the gate.

wrecksnounUS /reks/

plural of “wreck” — something or someone that has suffered ruin or dilapidation

From this reading At a distance lay the wrecks of the blackened and smouldering camp; while before them, gaudy and glittering pennons waving, and trumpets sounding, came the exultant legions of the foe.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading While yet wondering and inactive, the trumpet of Boabdil was heard behind; and they beheld the Moorish king, at the head of his guards, emerging down the avenues that led to the gate.

Chapter 20 of Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Complete by Edward Bulwer Lytton, Baron Lytton holds 128 sentences, grouped into 26 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Complete contain?

Chapter 20 holds 128 sentences of Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Complete, unabridged, divided into 26 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Complete by Edward Bulwer Lytton, Baron Lytton exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 128 sentences, grouped into 26 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Complete?

Work through the 26 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 26 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Complete

Common questions about reading Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Complete by Edward Bulwer Lytton, Baron Lytton on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Complete?

Yes. All 2405 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #9761 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Complete is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #9761, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Complete take to read?

About 200 minutes of reading across 481 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Complete section by section

How to work through Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Complete section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 26 chapters of Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Complete to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Complete

Words and structures a reader meets early in Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Complete, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Summer
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Complete; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Armies
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Complete; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Ferdinand
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Complete; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Isabel
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Leila or, the Siege of Granada, Complete; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.