Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine
Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine

Chapter XXIII

Chapter 23 of Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine is here in full — 19 sentences across 4 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine
Context Illustration Reading 1/3 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE DESCENT.
PROGRESS IN BLACK-BEAD MAKING.
What had become of the mother, who, according to the people of Montfermeil, appeared to have deserted her child?
Where was she; what was she doing?
After leaving her little Cosette with the Thénardiers, she had continued her journey and arrived at M. sur M. Fantine had been away from her province for ten years, and while she had been slowly descending from misery to misery, her native town had prospered.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine

Chapter XXIII

Chapter 23 of Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine is here in full — 19 sentences across 4 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/3 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE DESCENT.
/ðə dɪˈsent/
Line 2
PROGRESS IN BLACK-BEAD MAKING.
Line 3
What had become of the mother, who, according to the people of Montfermeil, appeared to have deserted her child?
Line 4
Where was she; what was she doing?
/wer wɑːz ʃiː wʌt wɑːz ʃiː ˈduːɪŋ/
Line 5
After leaving her little Cosette with the Thénardiers, she had continued her journey and arrived at M. sur M. Fantine had been away from her province for ten years, and while she had been slowly descending from misery to misery, her native town had prospered.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

descending adjective US /dɪˈsendɪŋ/

coming down or downward

From this reading “After leaving her little Cosette with the Thénardiers, she had continued her journey and arrived at M. sur M. Fantine had been away from her province for ten years, and while she had been slowly descending from misery to misery, her native town had prospered.”

descent noun US /dɪˈsent/

An action of moving downward, dropping, or falling into a deeper place.

From this reading “THE DESCENT.”

deserted adjective US /dɪˈzɜːrtɪd/

forsaken by owner or inhabitants

From this reading “What had become of the mother, who, according to the people of Montfermeil, appeared to have deserted her child?”

misery noun US /ˈmɪzəri/

a state of ill-being due to affliction or misfortune

From this reading “After leaving her little Cosette with the Thénardiers, she had continued her journey and arrived at M. sur M. Fantine had been away from her province for ten years, and while she had been slowly descending from misery to misery, her native town had prospered.”

progress noun US /ˈprɑːɡres/

gradual improvement or growth or development

From this reading “PROGRESS IN BLACK-BEAD MAKING.”

prospered verb US /ˈprɑːspərd/

past form of “prosper” — make steady progress; be at the high point in one's career or reach a high point in historical significance or importance

From this reading “After leaving her little Cosette with the Thénardiers, she had continued her journey and arrived at M. sur M. Fantine had been away from her province for ten years, and while she had been slowly descending from misery to misery, her native town had prospered.”

province noun US /ˈprɑːvəns/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading “After leaving her little Cosette with the Thénardiers, she had continued her journey and arrived at M. sur M. Fantine had been away from her province for ten years, and while she had been slowly descending from misery to misery, her native town had prospered.”

sur noun US /sɜːr/

a port in southern Lebanon on the Mediterranean Sea; formerly a major Phoenician seaport famous for silks

From this reading “After leaving her little Cosette with the Thénardiers, she had continued her journey and arrived at M. sur M. Fantine had been away from her province for ten years, and while she had been slowly descending from misery to misery, her native town had prospered.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

ten years noun + noun

In this reading “After leaving her little Cosette with the Thénardiers, she had continued her journey and arrived at M. sur M. Fantine had been away from her province for ten years, and while she had been slowly descending from misery to misery, her native town had prospered.”

slowly descending adverb + adjective

In this reading “After leaving her little Cosette with the Thénardiers, she had continued her journey and arrived at M. sur M. Fantine had been away from her province for ten years, and while she had been slowly descending from misery to misery, her native town had prospered.”

native town adjective + noun

In this reading “After leaving her little Cosette with the Thénardiers, she had continued her journey and arrived at M. sur M. Fantine had been away from her province for ten years, and while she had been slowly descending from misery to misery, her native town had prospered.”

arrived at verb + particle counted as “arrive at”

reach a destination, either real or abstract

In this reading “After leaving her little Cosette with the Thénardiers, she had continued her journey and arrived at M. sur M. Fantine had been away from her province for ten years, and while she had been slowly descending from misery to misery, her native town had prospered.”

After leaving preposition + noun

In this reading “After leaving her little Cosette with the Thénardiers, she had continued her journey and arrived at M. sur M. Fantine had been away from her province for ten years, and while she had been slowly descending from misery to misery, her native town had prospered.”

for ten preposition + noun

In this reading “After leaving her little Cosette with the Thénardiers, she had continued her journey and arrived at M. sur M. Fantine had been away from her province for ten years, and while she had been slowly descending from misery to misery, her native town had prospered.”

All words in this reading · 53

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

accordingadjectiveUS /əˈkɔːrdɪŋ/

(followed by “to”) in agreement with or accordant with

From this reading What had become of the mother, who, according to the people of Montfermeil, appeared to have deserted her child?

AfterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading After leaving her little Cosette with the Thénardiers, she had continued her journey and arrived at M. sur M. Fantine had been away from her province for ten years, and while she had been slowly descending from misery to misery, her native town had prospered.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading After leaving her little Cosette with the Thénardiers, she had continued her journey and arrived at M. sur M. Fantine had been away from her province for ten years, and while she had been slowly descending from misery to misery, her native town had prospered.

appearedverbUS /əˈpɪrd/

past form of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading What had become of the mother, who, according to the people of Montfermeil, appeared to have deserted her child?

arrivedverbUS /ərˈaɪvd/

past form of “arrive” — reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress

From this reading After leaving her little Cosette with the Thénardiers, she had continued her journey and arrived at M. sur M. Fantine had been away from her province for ten years, and while she had been slowly descending from misery to misery, her native town had prospered.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading After leaving her little Cosette with the Thénardiers, she had continued her journey and arrived at M. sur M. Fantine had been away from her province for ten years, and while she had been slowly descending from misery to misery, her native town had prospered.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading After leaving her little Cosette with the Thénardiers, she had continued her journey and arrived at M. sur M. Fantine had been away from her province for ten years, and while she had been slowly descending from misery to misery, her native town had prospered.

becomeverbUS /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading What had become of the mother, who, according to the people of Montfermeil, appeared to have deserted her child?

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading After leaving her little Cosette with the Thénardiers, she had continued her journey and arrived at M. sur M. Fantine had been away from her province for ten years, and while she had been slowly descending from misery to misery, her native town had prospered.

BLACK-BEAD

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading PROGRESS IN BLACK-BEAD MAKING.

childnounUS /tʃaɪld/

a young person of either sex

From this reading What had become of the mother, who, according to the people of Montfermeil, appeared to have deserted her child?

continuedadjectiveUS /kənˈtɪnjuːd/

without stop or interruption

From this reading After leaving her little Cosette with the Thénardiers, she had continued her journey and arrived at M. sur M. Fantine had been away from her province for ten years, and while she had been slowly descending from misery to misery, her native town had prospered.

Cosette

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After leaving her little Cosette with the Thénardiers, she had continued her journey and arrived at M. sur M. Fantine had been away from her province for ten years, and while she had been slowly descending from misery to misery, her native town had prospered.

descendingadjectiveUS /dɪˈsendɪŋ/

coming down or downward

From this reading After leaving her little Cosette with the Thénardiers, she had continued her journey and arrived at M. sur M. Fantine had been away from her province for ten years, and while she had been slowly descending from misery to misery, her native town had prospered.

DESCENTnounUS /dɪˈsent/

An action of moving downward, dropping, or falling into a deeper place.

From this reading THE DESCENT.

desertedadjectiveUS /dɪˈzɜːrtɪd/

forsaken by owner or inhabitants

From this reading What had become of the mother, who, according to the people of Montfermeil, appeared to have deserted her child?

doingverbUS /ˈduːɪŋ/

-ing form of “do” — engage in

From this reading Where was she; what was she doing?

Fantine

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After leaving her little Cosette with the Thénardiers, she had continued her journey and arrived at M. sur M. Fantine had been away from her province for ten years, and while she had been slowly descending from misery to misery, her native town had prospered.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading After leaving her little Cosette with the Thénardiers, she had continued her journey and arrived at M. sur M. Fantine had been away from her province for ten years, and while she had been slowly descending from misery to misery, her native town had prospered.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading After leaving her little Cosette with the Thénardiers, she had continued her journey and arrived at M. sur M. Fantine had been away from her province for ten years, and while she had been slowly descending from misery to misery, her native town had prospered.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading What had become of the mother, who, according to the people of Montfermeil, appeared to have deserted her child?

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading What had become of the mother, who, according to the people of Montfermeil, appeared to have deserted her child?

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading What had become of the mother, who, according to the people of Montfermeil, appeared to have deserted her child?

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading PROGRESS IN BLACK-BEAD MAKING.

journeyverbUS /ˈdʒɜːrni/

undertake a journey or trip

From this reading After leaving her little Cosette with the Thénardiers, she had continued her journey and arrived at M. sur M. Fantine had been away from her province for ten years, and while she had been slowly descending from misery to misery, her native town had prospered.

leavingnounUS /ˈliːvɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading After leaving her little Cosette with the Thénardiers, she had continued her journey and arrived at M. sur M. Fantine had been away from her province for ten years, and while she had been slowly descending from misery to misery, her native town had prospered.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading After leaving her little Cosette with the Thénardiers, she had continued her journey and arrived at M. sur M. Fantine had been away from her province for ten years, and while she had been slowly descending from misery to misery, her native town had prospered.

MnounUS /em/

the basic unit of length adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites (approximately 1.094 yards)

From this reading After leaving her little Cosette with the Thénardiers, she had continued her journey and arrived at M. sur M. Fantine had been away from her province for ten years, and while she had been slowly descending from misery to misery, her native town had prospered.

MAKINGnounUS /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading PROGRESS IN BLACK-BEAD MAKING.

miserynounUS /ˈmɪzəri/

a state of ill-being due to affliction or misfortune

From this reading After leaving her little Cosette with the Thénardiers, she had continued her journey and arrived at M. sur M. Fantine had been away from her province for ten years, and while she had been slowly descending from misery to misery, her native town had prospered.

Montfermeil

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading What had become of the mother, who, according to the people of Montfermeil, appeared to have deserted her child?

mothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading What had become of the mother, who, according to the people of Montfermeil, appeared to have deserted her child?

nativeadjectiveUS /ˈneɪtɪv/

characteristic of or existing by virtue of geographic origin

From this reading After leaving her little Cosette with the Thénardiers, she had continued her journey and arrived at M. sur M. Fantine had been away from her province for ten years, and while she had been slowly descending from misery to misery, her native town had prospered.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading What had become of the mother, who, according to the people of Montfermeil, appeared to have deserted her child?

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading What had become of the mother, who, according to the people of Montfermeil, appeared to have deserted her child?

PROGRESSnounUS /ˈprɑːɡres/

gradual improvement or growth or development

From this reading PROGRESS IN BLACK-BEAD MAKING.

prosperedverbUS /ˈprɑːspərd/

past form of “prosper” — make steady progress; be at the high point in one's career or reach a high point in historical significance or importance

From this reading After leaving her little Cosette with the Thénardiers, she had continued her journey and arrived at M. sur M. Fantine had been away from her province for ten years, and while she had been slowly descending from misery to misery, her native town had prospered.

provincenounUS /ˈprɑːvəns/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading After leaving her little Cosette with the Thénardiers, she had continued her journey and arrived at M. sur M. Fantine had been away from her province for ten years, and while she had been slowly descending from misery to misery, her native town had prospered.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Where was she; what was she doing?

slowlyadverbUS /ˈsloʊli/

without speed (“slow” is sometimes used informally for “slowly”)

From this reading After leaving her little Cosette with the Thénardiers, she had continued her journey and arrived at M. sur M. Fantine had been away from her province for ten years, and while she had been slowly descending from misery to misery, her native town had prospered.

surnounUS /sɜːr/

a port in southern Lebanon on the Mediterranean Sea; formerly a major Phoenician seaport famous for silks

From this reading After leaving her little Cosette with the Thénardiers, she had continued her journey and arrived at M. sur M. Fantine had been away from her province for ten years, and while she had been slowly descending from misery to misery, her native town had prospered.

tennounUS /ten/

the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one; the base of the decimal system

From this reading After leaving her little Cosette with the Thénardiers, she had continued her journey and arrived at M. sur M. Fantine had been away from her province for ten years, and while she had been slowly descending from misery to misery, her native town had prospered.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE DESCENT.

Thénardiers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After leaving her little Cosette with the Thénardiers, she had continued her journey and arrived at M. sur M. Fantine had been away from her province for ten years, and while she had been slowly descending from misery to misery, her native town had prospered.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading What had become of the mother, who, according to the people of Montfermeil, appeared to have deserted her child?

townnounUS /taʊn/

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading After leaving her little Cosette with the Thénardiers, she had continued her journey and arrived at M. sur M. Fantine had been away from her province for ten years, and while she had been slowly descending from misery to misery, her native town had prospered.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Where was she; what was she doing?

WhatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading What had become of the mother, who, according to the people of Montfermeil, appeared to have deserted her child?

WhereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading Where was she; what was she doing?

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading After leaving her little Cosette with the Thénardiers, she had continued her journey and arrived at M. sur M. Fantine had been away from her province for ten years, and while she had been slowly descending from misery to misery, her native town had prospered.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading What had become of the mother, who, according to the people of Montfermeil, appeared to have deserted her child?

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading After leaving her little Cosette with the Thénardiers, she had continued her journey and arrived at M. sur M. Fantine had been away from her province for ten years, and while she had been slowly descending from misery to misery, her native town had prospered.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading After leaving her little Cosette with the Thénardiers, she had continued her journey and arrived at M. sur M. Fantine had been away from her province for ten years, and while she had been slowly descending from misery to misery, her native town had prospered.

Chapter 23 of Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine by Victor Hugo holds 19 sentences, grouped into 4 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 23 of Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine contain?

Chapter 23 holds 19 sentences of Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine, unabridged, divided into 4 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 23 of Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine by Victor Hugo exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 19 sentences, grouped into 4 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 23 of Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine?

Work through the 4 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 4 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 23 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 23 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine

Common questions about reading Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine by Victor Hugo on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine?

Yes. All 5432 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #48731 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #48731, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine take to read?

About 452 minutes of reading across 1087 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine section by section

How to work through Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine

Words and structures a reader meets early in Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Authorized
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Translation
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Lascelles
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Wraxall
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.