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Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine
Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine

Chapter XXVIII

Chapter 28 of Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine is here in full — 140 sentences across 28 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine
Context Illustration Reading 1/28 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
RESULT OF HER SUCCESS.
She had been discharged toward the end of winter; the next summer passed away, and winter returned.
Short days and less work; in winter there is no warmth, no light, no mid-day, for the evening is joined to the morning; there is fog, twilight, the window is gray, and you cannot see clearly.
The sky is like a dark vault, and the sun has the look of a poor man.
It is a frightful season; winter changes into stone the water of heaven and the heart of man.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine

Chapter XXVIII

Chapter 28 of Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine is here in full — 140 sentences across 28 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/28 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
RESULT OF HER SUCCESS.
/rɪˈzʌlt ʌv hɜːr səkˈses/
Line 2
She had been discharged toward the end of winter; the next summer passed away, and winter returned.
/ʃiː hæd bɪn dɪsˈtʃɑːrdʒd təˈwɔːrd ðə end ʌv ˈwɪntər ðə nekst ˈsʌmər pæst əˈweɪ ənd ˈwɪntər rɪˈtɜːrnd/
Line 3
Short days and less work; in winter there is no warmth, no light, no mid-day, for the evening is joined to the morning; there is fog, twilight, the window is gray, and you cannot see clearly.
Line 4
The sky is like a dark vault, and the sun has the look of a poor man.
/ðə skaɪ ɪz laɪk ə dɑːrk vɔːlt ənd ðə sʌn hæz ðə lʊk ʌv ə puːr mæn/
Line 5
It is a frightful season; winter changes into stone the water of heaven and the heart of man.
/ɪt ɪz ə ˈfraɪtfəl ˈsiːzən ˈwɪntər ˈtʃeɪndʒəz ˈɪntuː stoʊn ðə ˈwɔːtər ʌv ˈhevən ənd ðə hɑːrt ʌv mæn/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

changes noun US /ˈtʃeɪndʒəz/

plural of “change” — an event that occurs when something passes from one state or phase to another

From this reading “It is a frightful season; winter changes into stone the water of heaven and the heart of man.”

clearly adverb US /ˈklɪrli/

without doubt or question

From this reading “Short days and less work; in winter there is no warmth, no light, no mid-day, for the evening is joined to the morning; there is fog, twilight, the window is gray, and you cannot see clearly.”

discharged adjective US /dɪsˈtʃɑːrdʒd/

having lost your job

From this reading “She had been discharged toward the end of winter; the next summer passed away, and winter returned.”

fog noun US /fɑːɡ/

droplets of water vapor suspended in the air near the ground

From this reading “Short days and less work; in winter there is no warmth, no light, no mid-day, for the evening is joined to the morning; there is fog, twilight, the window is gray, and you cannot see clearly.”

frightful adjective US /ˈfraɪtfəl/

provoking horror

From this reading “It is a frightful season; winter changes into stone the water of heaven and the heart of man.”

twilight noun US /ˈtwaɪlaɪt/

the time of day immediately following sunset

From this reading “Short days and less work; in winter there is no warmth, no light, no mid-day, for the evening is joined to the morning; there is fog, twilight, the window is gray, and you cannot see clearly.”

vault noun US /vɔːlt/

a stone room, often below a church, used for burial

From this reading “The sky is like a dark vault, and the sun has the look of a poor man.”

warmth noun US /wɔːrmθ/

the sensation caused by heat energy

From this reading “Short days and less work; in winter there is no warmth, no light, no mid-day, for the evening is joined to the morning; there is fog, twilight, the window is gray, and you cannot see clearly.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

dark vault noun + noun

In this reading “The sky is like a dark vault, and the sun has the look of a poor man.”

passed away verb + particle counted as “pass away”

pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life

In this reading “She had been discharged toward the end of winter; the next summer passed away, and winter returned.”

next summer adjective + noun

In this reading “She had been discharged toward the end of winter; the next summer passed away, and winter returned.”

toward the end preposition + article + noun counted as “toward … end”

In this reading “She had been discharged toward the end of winter; the next summer passed away, and winter returned.”

see clearly verb + particle

In this reading “Short days and less work; in winter there is no warmth, no light, no mid-day, for the evening is joined to the morning; there is fog, twilight, the window is gray, and you cannot see clearly.”

poor man adjective + noun

In this reading “The sky is like a dark vault, and the sun has the look of a poor man.”

All words in this reading · 61

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The sky is like a dark vault, and the sun has the look of a poor man.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading She had been discharged toward the end of winter; the next summer passed away, and winter returned.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading She had been discharged toward the end of winter; the next summer passed away, and winter returned.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading She had been discharged toward the end of winter; the next summer passed away, and winter returned.

cannot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Short days and less work; in winter there is no warmth, no light, no mid-day, for the evening is joined to the morning; there is fog, twilight, the window is gray, and you cannot see clearly.

changesnounUS /ˈtʃeɪndʒəz/

plural of “change” — an event that occurs when something passes from one state or phase to another

From this reading It is a frightful season; winter changes into stone the water of heaven and the heart of man.

clearlyadverbUS /ˈklɪrli/

without doubt or question

From this reading Short days and less work; in winter there is no warmth, no light, no mid-day, for the evening is joined to the morning; there is fog, twilight, the window is gray, and you cannot see clearly.

darknounUS /dɑːrk/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading The sky is like a dark vault, and the sun has the look of a poor man.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading Short days and less work; in winter there is no warmth, no light, no mid-day, for the evening is joined to the morning; there is fog, twilight, the window is gray, and you cannot see clearly.

dischargedadjectiveUS /dɪsˈtʃɑːrdʒd/

having lost your job

From this reading She had been discharged toward the end of winter; the next summer passed away, and winter returned.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading She had been discharged toward the end of winter; the next summer passed away, and winter returned.

eveningnounUS /ˈiːvnɪŋ/

the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)

From this reading Short days and less work; in winter there is no warmth, no light, no mid-day, for the evening is joined to the morning; there is fog, twilight, the window is gray, and you cannot see clearly.

fognounUS /fɑːɡ/

droplets of water vapor suspended in the air near the ground

From this reading Short days and less work; in winter there is no warmth, no light, no mid-day, for the evening is joined to the morning; there is fog, twilight, the window is gray, and you cannot see clearly.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Short days and less work; in winter there is no warmth, no light, no mid-day, for the evening is joined to the morning; there is fog, twilight, the window is gray, and you cannot see clearly.

frightfuladjectiveUS /ˈfraɪtfəl/

provoking horror

From this reading It is a frightful season; winter changes into stone the water of heaven and the heart of man.

graynounUS /ɡreɪ/

a neutral achromatic color midway between white and black

From this reading Short days and less work; in winter there is no warmth, no light, no mid-day, for the evening is joined to the morning; there is fog, twilight, the window is gray, and you cannot see clearly.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading She had been discharged toward the end of winter; the next summer passed away, and winter returned.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The sky is like a dark vault, and the sun has the look of a poor man.

heartnounUS /hɑːrt/

the locus of feelings and intuitions

From this reading It is a frightful season; winter changes into stone the water of heaven and the heart of man.

heavennounUS /ˈhevən/

any place of complete bliss and delight and peace

From this reading It is a frightful season; winter changes into stone the water of heaven and the heart of man.

HERdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading RESULT OF HER SUCCESS.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Short days and less work; in winter there is no warmth, no light, no mid-day, for the evening is joined to the morning; there is fog, twilight, the window is gray, and you cannot see clearly.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading It is a frightful season; winter changes into stone the water of heaven and the heart of man.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Short days and less work; in winter there is no warmth, no light, no mid-day, for the evening is joined to the morning; there is fog, twilight, the window is gray, and you cannot see clearly.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It is a frightful season; winter changes into stone the water of heaven and the heart of man.

joinedadjectiveUS /dʒɔɪnd/

of or relating to two people who are married to each other

From this reading Short days and less work; in winter there is no warmth, no light, no mid-day, for the evening is joined to the morning; there is fog, twilight, the window is gray, and you cannot see clearly.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading Short days and less work; in winter there is no warmth, no light, no mid-day, for the evening is joined to the morning; there is fog, twilight, the window is gray, and you cannot see clearly.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading Short days and less work; in winter there is no warmth, no light, no mid-day, for the evening is joined to the morning; there is fog, twilight, the window is gray, and you cannot see clearly.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading The sky is like a dark vault, and the sun has the look of a poor man.

lookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading The sky is like a dark vault, and the sun has the look of a poor man.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading The sky is like a dark vault, and the sun has the look of a poor man.

mid-day

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Short days and less work; in winter there is no warmth, no light, no mid-day, for the evening is joined to the morning; there is fog, twilight, the window is gray, and you cannot see clearly.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading Short days and less work; in winter there is no warmth, no light, no mid-day, for the evening is joined to the morning; there is fog, twilight, the window is gray, and you cannot see clearly.

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading She had been discharged toward the end of winter; the next summer passed away, and winter returned.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Short days and less work; in winter there is no warmth, no light, no mid-day, for the evening is joined to the morning; there is fog, twilight, the window is gray, and you cannot see clearly.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading RESULT OF HER SUCCESS.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading She had been discharged toward the end of winter; the next summer passed away, and winter returned.

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading The sky is like a dark vault, and the sun has the look of a poor man.

RESULTnounUS /rɪˈzʌlt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading RESULT OF HER SUCCESS.

returnedverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrnd/

past form of “return” — go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading She had been discharged toward the end of winter; the next summer passed away, and winter returned.

seasonnounUS /ˈsiːzən/

a period of the year marked by special events or activities in some field

From this reading It is a frightful season; winter changes into stone the water of heaven and the heart of man.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Short days and less work; in winter there is no warmth, no light, no mid-day, for the evening is joined to the morning; there is fog, twilight, the window is gray, and you cannot see clearly.

ShepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading She had been discharged toward the end of winter; the next summer passed away, and winter returned.

ShortadjectiveUS /ʃɔːrt/

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading Short days and less work; in winter there is no warmth, no light, no mid-day, for the evening is joined to the morning; there is fog, twilight, the window is gray, and you cannot see clearly.

skynounUS /skaɪ/

the atmosphere and outer space as viewed from the earth

From this reading The sky is like a dark vault, and the sun has the look of a poor man.

stonenounUS /stoʊn/

a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading It is a frightful season; winter changes into stone the water of heaven and the heart of man.

SUCCESSnounUS /səkˈses/

an event that accomplishes its intended purpose

From this reading RESULT OF HER SUCCESS.

summernounUS /ˈsʌmər/

the warmest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the summer solstice to the autumnal equinox

From this reading She had been discharged toward the end of winter; the next summer passed away, and winter returned.

sunnounUS /sʌn/

the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system

From this reading The sky is like a dark vault, and the sun has the look of a poor man.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading She had been discharged toward the end of winter; the next summer passed away, and winter returned.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Short days and less work; in winter there is no warmth, no light, no mid-day, for the evening is joined to the morning; there is fog, twilight, the window is gray, and you cannot see clearly.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Short days and less work; in winter there is no warmth, no light, no mid-day, for the evening is joined to the morning; there is fog, twilight, the window is gray, and you cannot see clearly.

towardprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrd/

in the direction of

From this reading She had been discharged toward the end of winter; the next summer passed away, and winter returned.

twilightnounUS /ˈtwaɪlaɪt/

the time of day immediately following sunset

From this reading Short days and less work; in winter there is no warmth, no light, no mid-day, for the evening is joined to the morning; there is fog, twilight, the window is gray, and you cannot see clearly.

vaultnounUS /vɔːlt/

a stone room, often below a church, used for burial

From this reading The sky is like a dark vault, and the sun has the look of a poor man.

warmthnounUS /wɔːrmθ/

the sensation caused by heat energy

From this reading Short days and less work; in winter there is no warmth, no light, no mid-day, for the evening is joined to the morning; there is fog, twilight, the window is gray, and you cannot see clearly.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading It is a frightful season; winter changes into stone the water of heaven and the heart of man.

windownounUS /ˈwɪndoʊ/

a framework of wood or metal that contains a glass windowpane and is built into a wall or roof to admit light or air

From this reading Short days and less work; in winter there is no warmth, no light, no mid-day, for the evening is joined to the morning; there is fog, twilight, the window is gray, and you cannot see clearly.

winternounUS /ˈwɪntər/

the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox

From this reading She had been discharged toward the end of winter; the next summer passed away, and winter returned.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading Short days and less work; in winter there is no warmth, no light, no mid-day, for the evening is joined to the morning; there is fog, twilight, the window is gray, and you cannot see clearly.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading Short days and less work; in winter there is no warmth, no light, no mid-day, for the evening is joined to the morning; there is fog, twilight, the window is gray, and you cannot see clearly.

Chapter 28 of Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine by Victor Hugo holds 140 sentences, grouped into 28 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 28 of Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine contain?

Chapter 28 holds 140 sentences of Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine, unabridged, divided into 28 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 28 of Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine by Victor Hugo exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 140 sentences, grouped into 28 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 28 of Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine?

Work through the 28 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 28 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 28 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 28 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine

Common questions about reading Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine by Victor Hugo on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine?

Yes. All 5432 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #48731 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #48731, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine take to read?

About 452 minutes of reading across 1087 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine section by section

How to work through Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine

Words and structures a reader meets early in Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Authorized
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Translation
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Lascelles
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Wraxall
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Les Misérables, V. 1/5: Fantine; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.