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Les Misérables, V. 2/5: Cosette
Les Misérables, V. 2/5: Cosette

Chapter XXXI

Chapter 31 of Les Misérables, V. 2/5: Cosette is here in full — 55 sentences across 11 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Les Misérables, V. 2/5: Cosette
Context Illustration Reading 1/11 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
ORIGIN OF THE PERPETUAL ADORATION.
This parlor, almost sepulchral, which we have described is a thoroughly local fact, which is not reproduced with the same severity in other convents.
In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.
It was in the garden of this convent that the chestnut tree grew, which was considered the handsomest and largest in France, and which had the reputation among the worthy eighteenth-century folk of being "the father of all the chestnut trees in the kingdom."
As we said, this convent of the Temple was occupied by Benedictines of the Perpetual Adoration, who greatly differed from those Benedictines who descended from Citeaux.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Les Misérables, V. 2/5: Cosette

Chapter XXXI

Chapter 31 of Les Misérables, V. 2/5: Cosette is here in full — 55 sentences across 11 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/11 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
ORIGIN OF THE PERPETUAL ADORATION.
/ˈɔːrədʒən ʌv ðə pərˈpetʃuːəl ˌædərˈeɪʃən/
Line 2
This parlor, almost sepulchral, which we have described is a thoroughly local fact, which is not reproduced with the same severity in other convents.
Line 3
In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.
Line 4
It was in the garden of this convent that the chestnut tree grew, which was considered the handsomest and largest in France, and which had the reputation among the worthy eighteenth-century folk of being "the father of all the chestnut trees in the kingdom."
Line 5
As we said, this convent of the Temple was occupied by Benedictines of the Perpetual Adoration, who greatly differed from those Benedictines who descended from Citeaux.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

adoration noun US /ˌædərˈeɪʃən/

a feeling of profound love and admiration

From this reading “ORIGIN OF THE PERPETUAL ADORATION.”

Benedictine noun US /ˌbenəˈdɪktin/

a monk or nun belonging to the order founded by Saint Benedict

From this reading “In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.”

Benedictines noun US /ˌbenəˈdɪktinz/

plural of “benedictine” — a monk or nun belonging to the order founded by Saint Benedict

From this reading “As we said, this convent of the Temple was occupied by Benedictines of the Perpetual Adoration, who greatly differed from those Benedictines who descended from Citeaux.”

bouquets noun US /boʊˈkeɪz/

plural of “bouquet” — an arrangement of flowers that is usually given as a present

From this reading “In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.”

convents noun US /ˈkɑːnvənts/

plural of “convent” — a religious residence especially for nuns

From this reading “This parlor, almost sepulchral, which we have described is a thoroughly local fact, which is not reproduced with the same severity in other convents.”

differed verb US /ˈdɪfərd/

past form of “differ” — be different

From this reading “As we said, this convent of the Temple was occupied by Benedictines of the Perpetual Adoration, who greatly differed from those Benedictines who descended from Citeaux.”

reproduced verb US /ˌriːprəˈduːst/

past form of “reproduce” — make a copy or equivalent of

From this reading “This parlor, almost sepulchral, which we have described is a thoroughly local fact, which is not reproduced with the same severity in other convents.”

substituted verb US /ˈsʌbstətuːtɪd/

past form of “substitute” — put in the place of another; switch seemingly equivalent items

From this reading “In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

muslin curtains noun + noun counted as “muslin curtain”

In this reading “In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.”

white muslin noun + noun

In this reading “In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.”

chestnut tree adjective + noun

any of several attractive deciduous trees yellow-brown in autumn; yield a hard wood and edible nuts in a prickly bur

In this reading “It was in the garden of this convent that the chestnut tree grew, which was considered the handsomest and largest in France, and which had the reputation among the worthy eighteenth-century folk of being "the father of all the chestnut trees in the kingdom."”

differed from verb + particle counted as “differ from”

In this reading “As we said, this convent of the Temple was occupied by Benedictines of the Perpetual Adoration, who greatly differed from those Benedictines who descended from Citeaux.”

substituted for verb + particle counted as “substitute for”

In this reading “In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.”

descended from verb + particle counted as “descend from”

In this reading “As we said, this convent of the Temple was occupied by Benedictines of the Perpetual Adoration, who greatly differed from those Benedictines who descended from Citeaux.”

all sorts adjective + noun counted as “all sort”

In this reading “In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.”

in the garden preposition + article + noun counted as “in … garden”

In this reading “It was in the garden of this convent that the chestnut tree grew, which was considered the handsomest and largest in France, and which had the reputation among the worthy eighteenth-century folk of being "the father of all the chestnut trees in the kingdom."”

All words in this reading · 99

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading This parlor, almost sepulchral, which we have described is a thoroughly local fact, which is not reproduced with the same severity in other convents.

admittedverbUS /ədˈmɪtɪd/

inflected form of “admit” — declare to be true or admit the existence or reality or truth of

From this reading In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.

ADORATIONnounUS /ˌædərˈeɪʃən/

a feeling of profound love and admiration

From this reading ORIGIN OF THE PERPETUAL ADORATION.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading This parlor, almost sepulchral, which we have described is a thoroughly local fact, which is not reproduced with the same severity in other convents.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading It was in the garden of this convent that the chestnut tree grew, which was considered the handsomest and largest in France, and which had the reputation among the worthy eighteenth-century folk of being "the father of all the chestnut trees in the kingdom."

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As we said, this convent of the Temple was occupied by Benedictines of the Perpetual Adoration, who greatly differed from those Benedictines who descended from Citeaux.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading It was in the garden of this convent that the chestnut tree grew, which was considered the handsomest and largest in France, and which had the reputation among the worthy eighteenth-century folk of being "the father of all the chestnut trees in the kingdom."

belongedverbUS /bɪˈlɔːŋd/

past form of “belong” — be owned by; be in the possession of

From this reading In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.

BenedictinenounUS /ˌbenəˈdɪktin/

a monk or nun belonging to the order founded by Saint Benedict

From this reading In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.

BenedictinesnounUS /ˌbenəˈdɪktinz/

plural of “benedictine” — a monk or nun belonging to the order founded by Saint Benedict

From this reading As we said, this convent of the Temple was occupied by Benedictines of the Perpetual Adoration, who greatly differed from those Benedictines who descended from Citeaux.

blackadjectiveUS /blæk/

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.

boardedverbUS /ˈbɔːrdəd/

past form of “board” — get on board of (trains, buses, ships, aircraft, etc.)

From this reading In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.

bouquetsnounUS /boʊˈkeɪz/

plural of “bouquet” — an arrangement of flowers that is usually given as a present

From this reading In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.

brownnounUS /braʊn/

an orange of low brightness and saturation

From this reading In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading As we said, this convent of the Temple was occupied by Benedictines of the Perpetual Adoration, who greatly differed from those Benedictines who descended from Citeaux.

chestnutadjectiveUS /ˈtʃesnʌt/

(of hair or feathers) of a golden brown to reddish brown color

From this reading It was in the garden of this convent that the chestnut tree grew, which was considered the handsomest and largest in France, and which had the reputation among the worthy eighteenth-century folk of being "the father of all the chestnut trees in the kingdom."

Citeaux

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As we said, this convent of the Temple was occupied by Benedictines of the Perpetual Adoration, who greatly differed from those Benedictines who descended from Citeaux.

consideredadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərd/

carefully weighed

From this reading It was in the garden of this convent that the chestnut tree grew, which was considered the handsomest and largest in France, and which had the reputation among the worthy eighteenth-century folk of being "the father of all the chestnut trees in the kingdom."

conventnounUS /ˈkɑːnvənt/

a religious residence especially for nuns

From this reading In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.

conventsnounUS /ˈkɑːnvənts/

plural of “convent” — a religious residence especially for nuns

From this reading This parlor, almost sepulchral, which we have described is a thoroughly local fact, which is not reproduced with the same severity in other convents.

curtainsnounUS /ˈkɜːrtənz/

plural of “curtain” — hanging cloth used as a blind (especially for a window)

From this reading In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.

descendedverbUS /dɪˈsendəd/

past form of “descend” — move downward and lower, but not necessarily all the way

From this reading As we said, this convent of the Temple was occupied by Benedictines of the Perpetual Adoration, who greatly differed from those Benedictines who descended from Citeaux.

describedadjectiveUS /dɪˈskraɪbd/

represented in words especially with sharpness and detail

From this reading This parlor, almost sepulchral, which we have described is a thoroughly local fact, which is not reproduced with the same severity in other convents.

differedverbUS /ˈdɪfərd/

past form of “differ” — be different

From this reading As we said, this convent of the Temple was occupied by Benedictines of the Perpetual Adoration, who greatly differed from those Benedictines who descended from Citeaux.

du

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.

eighteenth-century

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was in the garden of this convent that the chestnut tree grew, which was considered the handsomest and largest in France, and which had the reputation among the worthy eighteenth-century folk of being "the father of all the chestnut trees in the kingdom."

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.

factnounUS /fækt/

a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading This parlor, almost sepulchral, which we have described is a thoroughly local fact, which is not reproduced with the same severity in other convents.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading It was in the garden of this convent that the chestnut tree grew, which was considered the handsomest and largest in France, and which had the reputation among the worthy eighteenth-century folk of being "the father of all the chestnut trees in the kingdom."

folknounUS /foʊk/

people in general (often used in the plural)

From this reading It was in the garden of this convent that the chestnut tree grew, which was considered the handsomest and largest in France, and which had the reputation among the worthy eighteenth-century folk of being "the father of all the chestnut trees in the kingdom."

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.

FrancenounUS /fræns/

a republic in western Europe; the largest country wholly in Europe

From this reading It was in the garden of this convent that the chestnut tree grew, which was considered the handsomest and largest in France, and which had the reputation among the worthy eighteenth-century folk of being "the father of all the chestnut trees in the kingdom."

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading As we said, this convent of the Temple was occupied by Benedictines of the Perpetual Adoration, who greatly differed from those Benedictines who descended from Citeaux.

gardennounUS /ˈɡɑːrdən/

a plot of ground where plants are cultivated

From this reading It was in the garden of this convent that the chestnut tree grew, which was considered the handsomest and largest in France, and which had the reputation among the worthy eighteenth-century folk of being "the father of all the chestnut trees in the kingdom."

greatlyadverbUS /ˈɡreɪtli/

to an extraordinary extent or degree

From this reading As we said, this convent of the Temple was occupied by Benedictines of the Perpetual Adoration, who greatly differed from those Benedictines who descended from Citeaux.

grewverbUS /ɡruː/

inflected form of “grow” — pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become

From this reading It was in the garden of this convent that the chestnut tree grew, which was considered the handsomest and largest in France, and which had the reputation among the worthy eighteenth-century folk of being "the father of all the chestnut trees in the kingdom."

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading It was in the garden of this convent that the chestnut tree grew, which was considered the handsomest and largest in France, and which had the reputation among the worthy eighteenth-century folk of being "the father of all the chestnut trees in the kingdom."

handsomest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was in the garden of this convent that the chestnut tree grew, which was considered the handsomest and largest in France, and which had the reputation among the worthy eighteenth-century folk of being "the father of all the chestnut trees in the kingdom."

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading This parlor, almost sepulchral, which we have described is a thoroughly local fact, which is not reproduced with the same severity in other convents.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading This parlor, almost sepulchral, which we have described is a thoroughly local fact, which is not reproduced with the same severity in other convents.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This parlor, almost sepulchral, which we have described is a thoroughly local fact, which is not reproduced with the same severity in other convents.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.

kingdomnounUS /ˈkɪŋdəm/

a domain in which something is dominant

From this reading It was in the garden of this convent that the chestnut tree grew, which was considered the handsomest and largest in France, and which had the reputation among the worthy eighteenth-century folk of being "the father of all the chestnut trees in the kingdom."

largestadjectiveUS /ˈlɑːrdʒəst/

superlative of “large” — above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading It was in the garden of this convent that the chestnut tree grew, which was considered the handsomest and largest in France, and which had the reputation among the worthy eighteenth-century folk of being "the father of all the chestnut trees in the kingdom."

localadjectiveUS /ˈloʊkəl/

relating to or applicable to or concerned with the administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area

From this reading This parlor, almost sepulchral, which we have described is a thoroughly local fact, which is not reproduced with the same severity in other convents.

muslinnounUS /ˈmʌzlən/

plain-woven cotton fabric

From this reading In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading This parlor, almost sepulchral, which we have described is a thoroughly local fact, which is not reproduced with the same severity in other convents.

nunnounUS /nʌn/

a woman religious

From this reading In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.

occupiedadjectiveUS /ˈɑːkjəpaɪd/

held or filled or in use

From this reading As we said, this convent of the Temple was occupied by Benedictines of the Perpetual Adoration, who greatly differed from those Benedictines who descended from Citeaux.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading ORIGIN OF THE PERPETUAL ADORATION.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.

ORIGINnounUS /ˈɔːrədʒən/

the place where something begins, where it springs into being

From this reading ORIGIN OF THE PERPETUAL ADORATION.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading This parlor, almost sepulchral, which we have described is a thoroughly local fact, which is not reproduced with the same severity in other convents.

paintedadjectiveUS /ˈpeɪntɪd/

coated with paint

From this reading In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.

parlornounUS /ˈpɑːrlər/

reception room in an inn or club where visitors can be received

From this reading This parlor, almost sepulchral, which we have described is a thoroughly local fact, which is not reproduced with the same severity in other convents.

PERPETUALadjectiveUS /pərˈpetʃuːəl/

continuing forever or indefinitely

From this reading ORIGIN OF THE PERPETUAL ADORATION.

picturesnounUS /ˈpɪktʃərz/

plural of “picture” — a visual representation (of an object or scene or person or abstraction) produced on a surface

From this reading In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.

portraitnounUS /ˈpɔːrtrət/

a word picture of a person's appearance and character

From this reading In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.

reproducedverbUS /ˌriːprəˈduːst/

past form of “reproduce” — make a copy or equivalent of

From this reading This parlor, almost sepulchral, which we have described is a thoroughly local fact, which is not reproduced with the same severity in other convents.

reputationnounUS /ˌrepjəˈteɪʃən/

the state of being held in high esteem and honor

From this reading It was in the garden of this convent that the chestnut tree grew, which was considered the handsomest and largest in France, and which had the reputation among the worthy eighteenth-century folk of being "the father of all the chestnut trees in the kingdom."

roomnounUS /ruːm/

an area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling

From this reading In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.

RuenounUS /ruː/

European strong-scented perennial herb with grey-green bitter-tasting leaves; an irritant similar to poison ivy

From this reading In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading As we said, this convent of the Temple was occupied by Benedictines of the Perpetual Adoration, who greatly differed from those Benedictines who descended from Citeaux.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading This parlor, almost sepulchral, which we have described is a thoroughly local fact, which is not reproduced with the same severity in other convents.

sepulchraladjective

of or relating to a sepulchre

From this reading This parlor, almost sepulchral, which we have described is a thoroughly local fact, which is not reproduced with the same severity in other convents.

severitynounUS /sɪˈverɪti/

used of the degree of something undesirable e.g. pain or weather

From this reading This parlor, almost sepulchral, which we have described is a thoroughly local fact, which is not reproduced with the same severity in other convents.

shuttersnounUS /ˈʃʌtərz/

plural of “shutter” — a mechanical device on a camera that opens and closes to control the time of a photographic exposure

From this reading In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.

sortsnounUS /sɔːrts/

plural of “sort” — a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.

substitutedverbUS /ˈsʌbstətuːtɪd/

past form of “substitute” — put in the place of another; switch seemingly equivalent items

From this reading In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.

TemplenounUS /ˈtempəl/

place of worship consisting of an edifice for the worship of a deity

From this reading In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It was in the garden of this convent that the chestnut tree grew, which was considered the handsomest and largest in France, and which had the reputation among the worthy eighteenth-century folk of being "the father of all the chestnut trees in the kingdom."

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading ORIGIN OF THE PERPETUAL ADORATION.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This parlor, almost sepulchral, which we have described is a thoroughly local fact, which is not reproduced with the same severity in other convents.

thoroughlyadverbUS /ˈθɜːroʊli/

in an exhaustive manner

From this reading This parlor, almost sepulchral, which we have described is a thoroughly local fact, which is not reproduced with the same severity in other convents.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading As we said, this convent of the Temple was occupied by Benedictines of the Perpetual Adoration, who greatly differed from those Benedictines who descended from Citeaux.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.

treenounUS /triː/

a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading It was in the garden of this convent that the chestnut tree grew, which was considered the handsomest and largest in France, and which had the reputation among the worthy eighteenth-century folk of being "the father of all the chestnut trees in the kingdom."

treesnounUS /triːz/

plural of “tree” — a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading It was in the garden of this convent that the chestnut tree grew, which was considered the handsomest and largest in France, and which had the reputation among the worthy eighteenth-century folk of being "the father of all the chestnut trees in the kingdom."

trueadjectiveUS /truː/

consistent with fact or reality; not false

From this reading In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.

Turk's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.

uncoveredadjectiveUS /ənˈkʌvərd/

not covered with clothing

From this reading In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.

wallsnounUS /wɔːlz/

plural of “wall” — an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading This parlor, almost sepulchral, which we have described is a thoroughly local fact, which is not reproduced with the same severity in other convents.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading This parlor, almost sepulchral, which we have described is a thoroughly local fact, which is not reproduced with the same severity in other convents.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.

whitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading As we said, this convent of the Temple was occupied by Benedictines of the Perpetual Adoration, who greatly differed from those Benedictines who descended from Citeaux.

windowsnounUS /ˈwɪndoʊz/

(trademark) an operating system with a graphical user interface

From this reading In the convent of the Rue du Temple, which, it is true, belonged to another order, brown curtains were substituted for the black shutters, and the parlor itself was a boarded room with white muslin curtains at the windows, while the walls admitted all sorts of pictures,--the portrait of a Benedictine nun with uncovered face, painted bouquets, and even a Turk's head.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading This parlor, almost sepulchral, which we have described is a thoroughly local fact, which is not reproduced with the same severity in other convents.

worthyadjectiveUS /ˈwɜːr.ði/

Having or showing the qualities or abilities that merit recognition in character or magic.

From this reading It was in the garden of this convent that the chestnut tree grew, which was considered the handsomest and largest in France, and which had the reputation among the worthy eighteenth-century folk of being "the father of all the chestnut trees in the kingdom."

Chapter 31 of Les Misérables, V. 2/5: Cosette by Victor Hugo holds 55 sentences, grouped into 11 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of Les Misérables, V. 2/5: Cosette contain?

Chapter 31 holds 55 sentences of Les Misérables, V. 2/5: Cosette, unabridged, divided into 11 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of Les Misérables, V. 2/5: Cosette by Victor Hugo exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 55 sentences, grouped into 11 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of Les Misérables, V. 2/5: Cosette?

Work through the 11 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 11 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 31 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Les Misérables, V. 2/5: Cosette

Common questions about reading Les Misérables, V. 2/5: Cosette by Victor Hugo on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Les Misérables, V. 2/5: Cosette?

Yes. All 4643 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #48732 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Les Misérables, V. 2/5: Cosette is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #48732, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Les Misérables, V. 2/5: Cosette take to read?

About 386 minutes of reading across 929 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Les Misérables, V. 2/5: Cosette section by section

How to work through Les Misérables, V. 2/5: Cosette section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Les Misérables, V. 2/5: Cosette to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Les Misérables, V. 2/5: Cosette

Words and structures a reader meets early in Les Misérables, V. 2/5: Cosette, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Rables
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Les Misérables, V. 2/5: Cosette; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Victor
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Les Misérables, V. 2/5: Cosette; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Second
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Les Misérables, V. 2/5: Cosette; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cosette
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Les Misérables, V. 2/5: Cosette; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.