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Letters from an American Farmer
Letters from an American Farmer

Chapter XI · Chapter 11

Chapter 11 of Letters from an American Farmer is here in full — 162 sentences across 33 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/32 · 5 lines
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FROM MR.
IW--N AL--Z, A RUSSIAN GENTLEMAN; DESCRIBING THE VISIT HE PAID AT MY REQUEST TO MR.
JOHN BERTRAM, THE CELEBRATED PENNSYLVANIAN BOTANIST Examine this flourishing province, in whatever light you will, the eyes as well as the mind of an European traveller are equally delighted; because a diffusive happiness appears in every part: happiness which is established on the broadest basis.
The wisdom of Lycurgus and Solon never conferred on man one half of the blessings and uninterrupted prosperity which the Pennsylvanians now possess: the name of Penn, that simple but illustrious citizen, does more honour to the English nation than those of many of their kings.
In order to convince you that I have not bestowed undeserved praises in my former letters on this celebrated government; and that either nature or the climate seems to be more favourable here to the arts and sciences, than to any other American province; let us together, agreeable to your desire, pay a visit to Mr. John Bertram, the first botanist, in this new hemisphere: become such by a native impulse of disposition.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Letters from an American Farmer

Chapter XI · Chapter 11

Chapter 11 of Letters from an American Farmer is here in full — 162 sentences across 33 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/32 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
FROM MR.
/frʌm ˈmɪstər/
Line 2
IW--N AL--Z, A RUSSIAN GENTLEMAN; DESCRIBING THE VISIT HE PAID AT MY REQUEST TO MR.
Line 3
JOHN BERTRAM, THE CELEBRATED PENNSYLVANIAN BOTANIST Examine this flourishing province, in whatever light you will, the eyes as well as the mind of an European traveller are equally delighted; because a diffusive happiness appears in every part: happiness which is established on the broadest basis.
Line 4
The wisdom of Lycurgus and Solon never conferred on man one half of the blessings and uninterrupted prosperity which the Pennsylvanians now possess: the name of Penn, that simple but illustrious citizen, does more honour to the English nation than those of many of their kings.
Line 5
In order to convince you that I have not bestowed undeserved praises in my former letters on this celebrated government; and that either nature or the climate seems to be more favourable here to the arts and sciences, than to any other American province; let us together, agreeable to your desire, pay a visit to Mr. John Bertram, the first botanist, in this new hemisphere: become such by a native impulse of disposition.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

botanist noun US /ˈbɑːtənɪst/

a biologist specializing in the study of plants

From this reading “JOHN BERTRAM, THE CELEBRATED PENNSYLVANIAN BOTANIST Examine this flourishing province, in whatever light you will, the eyes as well as the mind of an European traveller are equally delighted; because a diffusive happiness appears in every part: happiness which is established on the broadest basis.”

broadest adjective US /ˈbrɔːdɪst/

superlative of “broad” — having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading “JOHN BERTRAM, THE CELEBRATED PENNSYLVANIAN BOTANIST Examine this flourishing province, in whatever light you will, the eyes as well as the mind of an European traveller are equally delighted; because a diffusive happiness appears in every part: happiness which is established on the broadest basis.”

hemisphere noun US /ˈhemɪsfɪr/

half of the terrestrial globe

From this reading “In order to convince you that I have not bestowed undeserved praises in my former letters on this celebrated government; and that either nature or the climate seems to be more favourable here to the arts and sciences, than to any other American province; let us together, agreeable to your desire, pay a visit to Mr. John Bertram, the first botanist, in this new hemisphere: become such by a native impulse of disposition.”

Penn noun US /pen/

Englishman and Quaker who founded the colony of Pennsylvania (1644-1718)

From this reading “The wisdom of Lycurgus and Solon never conferred on man one half of the blessings and uninterrupted prosperity which the Pennsylvanians now possess: the name of Penn, that simple but illustrious citizen, does more honour to the English nation than those of many of their kings.”

pennsylvanian noun US /ˌpensɪlˈveɪniən/

from 310 million to 280 million years ago; warm climate; swampy land

From this reading “JOHN BERTRAM, THE CELEBRATED PENNSYLVANIAN BOTANIST Examine this flourishing province, in whatever light you will, the eyes as well as the mind of an European traveller are equally delighted; because a diffusive happiness appears in every part: happiness which is established on the broadest basis.”

Pennsylvanians noun US /ˌpensɪlˈveɪniənz/

plural of “pennsylvanian” — from 310 million to 280 million years ago; warm climate; swampy land

From this reading “The wisdom of Lycurgus and Solon never conferred on man one half of the blessings and uninterrupted prosperity which the Pennsylvanians now possess: the name of Penn, that simple but illustrious citizen, does more honour to the English nation than those of many of their kings.”

Solon noun US /ˈsoʊlən/

a man who is a respected leader in national or international affairs

From this reading “The wisdom of Lycurgus and Solon never conferred on man one half of the blessings and uninterrupted prosperity which the Pennsylvanians now possess: the name of Penn, that simple but illustrious citizen, does more honour to the English nation than those of many of their kings.”

undeserved adjective US /ˌʌndɪˈzɜːrvd/

not deserved or earned

From this reading “In order to convince you that I have not bestowed undeserved praises in my former letters on this celebrated government; and that either nature or the climate seems to be more favourable here to the arts and sciences, than to any other American province; let us together, agreeable to your desire, pay a visit to Mr. John Bertram, the first botanist, in this new hemisphere: become such by a native impulse of disposition.”

All words in this reading · 127

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading IW--N AL--Z, A RUSSIAN GENTLEMAN; DESCRIBING THE VISIT HE PAID AT MY REQUEST TO MR.

agreeableadjectiveUS /əˈɡriːəbəl/

conforming to your own liking or feelings or nature

From this reading In order to convince you that I have not bestowed undeserved praises in my former letters on this celebrated government; and that either nature or the climate seems to be more favourable here to the arts and sciences, than to any other American province; let us together, agreeable to your desire, pay a visit to Mr. John Bertram, the first botanist, in this new hemisphere: become such by a native impulse of disposition.

ALnounUS /æl/

a silvery ductile metallic element found primarily in bauxite

From this reading IW--N AL--Z, A RUSSIAN GENTLEMAN; DESCRIBING THE VISIT HE PAID AT MY REQUEST TO MR.

AmericannounUS /əˈmerəkən/

a native or inhabitant of the United States

From this reading In order to convince you that I have not bestowed undeserved praises in my former letters on this celebrated government; and that either nature or the climate seems to be more favourable here to the arts and sciences, than to any other American province; let us together, agreeable to your desire, pay a visit to Mr. John Bertram, the first botanist, in this new hemisphere: become such by a native impulse of disposition.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading JOHN BERTRAM, THE CELEBRATED PENNSYLVANIAN BOTANIST Examine this flourishing province, in whatever light you will, the eyes as well as the mind of an European traveller are equally delighted; because a diffusive happiness appears in every part: happiness which is established on the broadest basis.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The wisdom of Lycurgus and Solon never conferred on man one half of the blessings and uninterrupted prosperity which the Pennsylvanians now possess: the name of Penn, that simple but illustrious citizen, does more honour to the English nation than those of many of their kings.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading In order to convince you that I have not bestowed undeserved praises in my former letters on this celebrated government; and that either nature or the climate seems to be more favourable here to the arts and sciences, than to any other American province; let us together, agreeable to your desire, pay a visit to Mr. John Bertram, the first botanist, in this new hemisphere: become such by a native impulse of disposition.

appearsverbUS /əˈpɪrz/

third-person singular of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading JOHN BERTRAM, THE CELEBRATED PENNSYLVANIAN BOTANIST Examine this flourishing province, in whatever light you will, the eyes as well as the mind of an European traveller are equally delighted; because a diffusive happiness appears in every part: happiness which is established on the broadest basis.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading JOHN BERTRAM, THE CELEBRATED PENNSYLVANIAN BOTANIST Examine this flourishing province, in whatever light you will, the eyes as well as the mind of an European traveller are equally delighted; because a diffusive happiness appears in every part: happiness which is established on the broadest basis.

artsnounUS /ɑːrts/

studies intended to provide general knowledge and intellectual skills (rather than occupational or professional skills)

From this reading In order to convince you that I have not bestowed undeserved praises in my former letters on this celebrated government; and that either nature or the climate seems to be more favourable here to the arts and sciences, than to any other American province; let us together, agreeable to your desire, pay a visit to Mr. John Bertram, the first botanist, in this new hemisphere: become such by a native impulse of disposition.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading JOHN BERTRAM, THE CELEBRATED PENNSYLVANIAN BOTANIST Examine this flourishing province, in whatever light you will, the eyes as well as the mind of an European traveller are equally delighted; because a diffusive happiness appears in every part: happiness which is established on the broadest basis.

ATprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading IW--N AL--Z, A RUSSIAN GENTLEMAN; DESCRIBING THE VISIT HE PAID AT MY REQUEST TO MR.

basisnounUS /ˈbeɪsəs/

a relation that provides the foundation for something

From this reading JOHN BERTRAM, THE CELEBRATED PENNSYLVANIAN BOTANIST Examine this flourishing province, in whatever light you will, the eyes as well as the mind of an European traveller are equally delighted; because a diffusive happiness appears in every part: happiness which is established on the broadest basis.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading In order to convince you that I have not bestowed undeserved praises in my former letters on this celebrated government; and that either nature or the climate seems to be more favourable here to the arts and sciences, than to any other American province; let us together, agreeable to your desire, pay a visit to Mr. John Bertram, the first botanist, in this new hemisphere: become such by a native impulse of disposition.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading JOHN BERTRAM, THE CELEBRATED PENNSYLVANIAN BOTANIST Examine this flourishing province, in whatever light you will, the eyes as well as the mind of an European traveller are equally delighted; because a diffusive happiness appears in every part: happiness which is established on the broadest basis.

becomeverbUS /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading In order to convince you that I have not bestowed undeserved praises in my former letters on this celebrated government; and that either nature or the climate seems to be more favourable here to the arts and sciences, than to any other American province; let us together, agreeable to your desire, pay a visit to Mr. John Bertram, the first botanist, in this new hemisphere: become such by a native impulse of disposition.

BERTRAM

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading JOHN BERTRAM, THE CELEBRATED PENNSYLVANIAN BOTANIST Examine this flourishing province, in whatever light you will, the eyes as well as the mind of an European traveller are equally delighted; because a diffusive happiness appears in every part: happiness which is established on the broadest basis.

bestowedverbUS /bɪˈstoʊd/

past form of “bestow” — present

From this reading In order to convince you that I have not bestowed undeserved praises in my former letters on this celebrated government; and that either nature or the climate seems to be more favourable here to the arts and sciences, than to any other American province; let us together, agreeable to your desire, pay a visit to Mr. John Bertram, the first botanist, in this new hemisphere: become such by a native impulse of disposition.

blessingsnounUS /ˈblesɪŋz/

plural of “blessing” — the formal act of approving

From this reading The wisdom of Lycurgus and Solon never conferred on man one half of the blessings and uninterrupted prosperity which the Pennsylvanians now possess: the name of Penn, that simple but illustrious citizen, does more honour to the English nation than those of many of their kings.

BOTANISTnounUS /ˈbɑːtənɪst/

a biologist specializing in the study of plants

From this reading JOHN BERTRAM, THE CELEBRATED PENNSYLVANIAN BOTANIST Examine this flourishing province, in whatever light you will, the eyes as well as the mind of an European traveller are equally delighted; because a diffusive happiness appears in every part: happiness which is established on the broadest basis.

broadestadjectiveUS /ˈbrɔːdɪst/

superlative of “broad” — having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading JOHN BERTRAM, THE CELEBRATED PENNSYLVANIAN BOTANIST Examine this flourishing province, in whatever light you will, the eyes as well as the mind of an European traveller are equally delighted; because a diffusive happiness appears in every part: happiness which is established on the broadest basis.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The wisdom of Lycurgus and Solon never conferred on man one half of the blessings and uninterrupted prosperity which the Pennsylvanians now possess: the name of Penn, that simple but illustrious citizen, does more honour to the English nation than those of many of their kings.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading In order to convince you that I have not bestowed undeserved praises in my former letters on this celebrated government; and that either nature or the climate seems to be more favourable here to the arts and sciences, than to any other American province; let us together, agreeable to your desire, pay a visit to Mr. John Bertram, the first botanist, in this new hemisphere: become such by a native impulse of disposition.

CELEBRATEDadjectiveUS /ˈseləbreɪtɪd/

widely known and esteemed

From this reading JOHN BERTRAM, THE CELEBRATED PENNSYLVANIAN BOTANIST Examine this flourishing province, in whatever light you will, the eyes as well as the mind of an European traveller are equally delighted; because a diffusive happiness appears in every part: happiness which is established on the broadest basis.

citizennounUS /ˈsɪtəzən/

a native or naturalized member of a state or other political community

From this reading The wisdom of Lycurgus and Solon never conferred on man one half of the blessings and uninterrupted prosperity which the Pennsylvanians now possess: the name of Penn, that simple but illustrious citizen, does more honour to the English nation than those of many of their kings.

climatenounUS /ˈklaɪmət/

the weather in some location averaged over some long period of time

From this reading In order to convince you that I have not bestowed undeserved praises in my former letters on this celebrated government; and that either nature or the climate seems to be more favourable here to the arts and sciences, than to any other American province; let us together, agreeable to your desire, pay a visit to Mr. John Bertram, the first botanist, in this new hemisphere: become such by a native impulse of disposition.

conferredverbUS /kənˈfɜːrd/

inflected form of “confer” — have a conference in order to talk something over

From this reading The wisdom of Lycurgus and Solon never conferred on man one half of the blessings and uninterrupted prosperity which the Pennsylvanians now possess: the name of Penn, that simple but illustrious citizen, does more honour to the English nation than those of many of their kings.

convinceverbUS /kənˈvɪns/

make (someone) agree, understand, or realize the truth or validity of something

From this reading In order to convince you that I have not bestowed undeserved praises in my former letters on this celebrated government; and that either nature or the climate seems to be more favourable here to the arts and sciences, than to any other American province; let us together, agreeable to your desire, pay a visit to Mr. John Bertram, the first botanist, in this new hemisphere: become such by a native impulse of disposition.

delightedadjectiveUS /dɪˈlaɪtəd/

greatly pleased

From this reading JOHN BERTRAM, THE CELEBRATED PENNSYLVANIAN BOTANIST Examine this flourishing province, in whatever light you will, the eyes as well as the mind of an European traveller are equally delighted; because a diffusive happiness appears in every part: happiness which is established on the broadest basis.

DESCRIBINGverbUS /dɪˈskraɪbɪŋ/

-ing form of “describe” — give a description of

From this reading IW--N AL--Z, A RUSSIAN GENTLEMAN; DESCRIBING THE VISIT HE PAID AT MY REQUEST TO MR.

desirenounUS /dɪˈzaɪər/

the feeling that accompanies an unsatisfied state

From this reading In order to convince you that I have not bestowed undeserved praises in my former letters on this celebrated government; and that either nature or the climate seems to be more favourable here to the arts and sciences, than to any other American province; let us together, agreeable to your desire, pay a visit to Mr. John Bertram, the first botanist, in this new hemisphere: become such by a native impulse of disposition.

diffusiveadjective

spreading by diffusion

From this reading JOHN BERTRAM, THE CELEBRATED PENNSYLVANIAN BOTANIST Examine this flourishing province, in whatever light you will, the eyes as well as the mind of an European traveller are equally delighted; because a diffusive happiness appears in every part: happiness which is established on the broadest basis.

dispositionnounUS /ˌdɪspəˈzɪʃən/

your usual mood

From this reading In order to convince you that I have not bestowed undeserved praises in my former letters on this celebrated government; and that either nature or the climate seems to be more favourable here to the arts and sciences, than to any other American province; let us together, agreeable to your desire, pay a visit to Mr. John Bertram, the first botanist, in this new hemisphere: become such by a native impulse of disposition.

doesauxiliary verbUS /dʌz/

the form of “do” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The wisdom of Lycurgus and Solon never conferred on man one half of the blessings and uninterrupted prosperity which the Pennsylvanians now possess: the name of Penn, that simple but illustrious citizen, does more honour to the English nation than those of many of their kings.

eitherdeterminerUS /ˈiːðər/

one or the other of two

From this reading In order to convince you that I have not bestowed undeserved praises in my former letters on this celebrated government; and that either nature or the climate seems to be more favourable here to the arts and sciences, than to any other American province; let us together, agreeable to your desire, pay a visit to Mr. John Bertram, the first botanist, in this new hemisphere: become such by a native impulse of disposition.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading The wisdom of Lycurgus and Solon never conferred on man one half of the blessings and uninterrupted prosperity which the Pennsylvanians now possess: the name of Penn, that simple but illustrious citizen, does more honour to the English nation than those of many of their kings.

equallyadverbUS /ˈiːkwəli/

to the same degree (often followed by “as”)

From this reading JOHN BERTRAM, THE CELEBRATED PENNSYLVANIAN BOTANIST Examine this flourishing province, in whatever light you will, the eyes as well as the mind of an European traveller are equally delighted; because a diffusive happiness appears in every part: happiness which is established on the broadest basis.

establishedadjectiveUS /ɪˈstæblɪʃt/

brought about or set up or accepted; especially long established

From this reading JOHN BERTRAM, THE CELEBRATED PENNSYLVANIAN BOTANIST Examine this flourishing province, in whatever light you will, the eyes as well as the mind of an European traveller are equally delighted; because a diffusive happiness appears in every part: happiness which is established on the broadest basis.

EuropeannounUS /ˌjʊrəˈpiːən/

a native or inhabitant of Europe

From this reading JOHN BERTRAM, THE CELEBRATED PENNSYLVANIAN BOTANIST Examine this flourishing province, in whatever light you will, the eyes as well as the mind of an European traveller are equally delighted; because a diffusive happiness appears in every part: happiness which is established on the broadest basis.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading JOHN BERTRAM, THE CELEBRATED PENNSYLVANIAN BOTANIST Examine this flourishing province, in whatever light you will, the eyes as well as the mind of an European traveller are equally delighted; because a diffusive happiness appears in every part: happiness which is established on the broadest basis.

ExamineverbUS /ɪɡˈzæmɪn/

consider in detail and subject to an analysis in order to discover essential features or meaning

From this reading JOHN BERTRAM, THE CELEBRATED PENNSYLVANIAN BOTANIST Examine this flourishing province, in whatever light you will, the eyes as well as the mind of an European traveller are equally delighted; because a diffusive happiness appears in every part: happiness which is established on the broadest basis.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading JOHN BERTRAM, THE CELEBRATED PENNSYLVANIAN BOTANIST Examine this flourishing province, in whatever light you will, the eyes as well as the mind of an European traveller are equally delighted; because a diffusive happiness appears in every part: happiness which is established on the broadest basis.

favourableadjective

encouraging or approving or pleasing

From this reading In order to convince you that I have not bestowed undeserved praises in my former letters on this celebrated government; and that either nature or the climate seems to be more favourable here to the arts and sciences, than to any other American province; let us together, agreeable to your desire, pay a visit to Mr. John Bertram, the first botanist, in this new hemisphere: become such by a native impulse of disposition.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading In order to convince you that I have not bestowed undeserved praises in my former letters on this celebrated government; and that either nature or the climate seems to be more favourable here to the arts and sciences, than to any other American province; let us together, agreeable to your desire, pay a visit to Mr. John Bertram, the first botanist, in this new hemisphere: become such by a native impulse of disposition.

flourishingadjectiveUS /ˈflɜːrɪʃɪŋ/

very lively and profitable

From this reading JOHN BERTRAM, THE CELEBRATED PENNSYLVANIAN BOTANIST Examine this flourishing province, in whatever light you will, the eyes as well as the mind of an European traveller are equally delighted; because a diffusive happiness appears in every part: happiness which is established on the broadest basis.

formeradjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrmər/

referring to the first of two things or persons mentioned (or the earlier one or ones of several)

From this reading In order to convince you that I have not bestowed undeserved praises in my former letters on this celebrated government; and that either nature or the climate seems to be more favourable here to the arts and sciences, than to any other American province; let us together, agreeable to your desire, pay a visit to Mr. John Bertram, the first botanist, in this new hemisphere: become such by a native impulse of disposition.

FROMprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading FROM MR.

GENTLEMANnounUS /ˈdʒentəlmən/

a man of refinement

From this reading IW--N AL--Z, A RUSSIAN GENTLEMAN; DESCRIBING THE VISIT HE PAID AT MY REQUEST TO MR.

governmentnounUS /ˈɡʌvərmənt/

the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

From this reading In order to convince you that I have not bestowed undeserved praises in my former letters on this celebrated government; and that either nature or the climate seems to be more favourable here to the arts and sciences, than to any other American province; let us together, agreeable to your desire, pay a visit to Mr. John Bertram, the first botanist, in this new hemisphere: become such by a native impulse of disposition.

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading The wisdom of Lycurgus and Solon never conferred on man one half of the blessings and uninterrupted prosperity which the Pennsylvanians now possess: the name of Penn, that simple but illustrious citizen, does more honour to the English nation than those of many of their kings.

happinessnounUS /ˈhæpinəs/

state of well-being characterized by emotions ranging from contentment to intense joy

From this reading JOHN BERTRAM, THE CELEBRATED PENNSYLVANIAN BOTANIST Examine this flourishing province, in whatever light you will, the eyes as well as the mind of an European traveller are equally delighted; because a diffusive happiness appears in every part: happiness which is established on the broadest basis.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading In order to convince you that I have not bestowed undeserved praises in my former letters on this celebrated government; and that either nature or the climate seems to be more favourable here to the arts and sciences, than to any other American province; let us together, agreeable to your desire, pay a visit to Mr. John Bertram, the first botanist, in this new hemisphere: become such by a native impulse of disposition.

HEpronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading IW--N AL--Z, A RUSSIAN GENTLEMAN; DESCRIBING THE VISIT HE PAID AT MY REQUEST TO MR.

hemispherenounUS /ˈhemɪsfɪr/

half of the terrestrial globe

From this reading In order to convince you that I have not bestowed undeserved praises in my former letters on this celebrated government; and that either nature or the climate seems to be more favourable here to the arts and sciences, than to any other American province; let us together, agreeable to your desire, pay a visit to Mr. John Bertram, the first botanist, in this new hemisphere: become such by a native impulse of disposition.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading In order to convince you that I have not bestowed undeserved praises in my former letters on this celebrated government; and that either nature or the climate seems to be more favourable here to the arts and sciences, than to any other American province; let us together, agreeable to your desire, pay a visit to Mr. John Bertram, the first botanist, in this new hemisphere: become such by a native impulse of disposition.

honournounUS /ˈɑːnər/

the state of being honored

From this reading The wisdom of Lycurgus and Solon never conferred on man one half of the blessings and uninterrupted prosperity which the Pennsylvanians now possess: the name of Penn, that simple but illustrious citizen, does more honour to the English nation than those of many of their kings.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading In order to convince you that I have not bestowed undeserved praises in my former letters on this celebrated government; and that either nature or the climate seems to be more favourable here to the arts and sciences, than to any other American province; let us together, agreeable to your desire, pay a visit to Mr. John Bertram, the first botanist, in this new hemisphere: become such by a native impulse of disposition.

illustriousadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈlʌstriəs/

widely known and esteemed

From this reading The wisdom of Lycurgus and Solon never conferred on man one half of the blessings and uninterrupted prosperity which the Pennsylvanians now possess: the name of Penn, that simple but illustrious citizen, does more honour to the English nation than those of many of their kings.

impulsenounUS /ˈɪmpəls/

an instinctive motive

From this reading In order to convince you that I have not bestowed undeserved praises in my former letters on this celebrated government; and that either nature or the climate seems to be more favourable here to the arts and sciences, than to any other American province; let us together, agreeable to your desire, pay a visit to Mr. John Bertram, the first botanist, in this new hemisphere: become such by a native impulse of disposition.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading JOHN BERTRAM, THE CELEBRATED PENNSYLVANIAN BOTANIST Examine this flourishing province, in whatever light you will, the eyes as well as the mind of an European traveller are equally delighted; because a diffusive happiness appears in every part: happiness which is established on the broadest basis.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading JOHN BERTRAM, THE CELEBRATED PENNSYLVANIAN BOTANIST Examine this flourishing province, in whatever light you will, the eyes as well as the mind of an European traveller are equally delighted; because a diffusive happiness appears in every part: happiness which is established on the broadest basis.

IWnoun

the use of information or information technology during a time of crisis or conflict to achieve or promote specific objectives over a specific adversary or adversaries

From this reading IW--N AL--Z, A RUSSIAN GENTLEMAN; DESCRIBING THE VISIT HE PAID AT MY REQUEST TO MR.

JOHNnounUS /dʒɑːn/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading JOHN BERTRAM, THE CELEBRATED PENNSYLVANIAN BOTANIST Examine this flourishing province, in whatever light you will, the eyes as well as the mind of an European traveller are equally delighted; because a diffusive happiness appears in every part: happiness which is established on the broadest basis.

kingsnounUS /kɪŋz/

plural of “king” — a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading The wisdom of Lycurgus and Solon never conferred on man one half of the blessings and uninterrupted prosperity which the Pennsylvanians now possess: the name of Penn, that simple but illustrious citizen, does more honour to the English nation than those of many of their kings.

letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading In order to convince you that I have not bestowed undeserved praises in my former letters on this celebrated government; and that either nature or the climate seems to be more favourable here to the arts and sciences, than to any other American province; let us together, agreeable to your desire, pay a visit to Mr. John Bertram, the first botanist, in this new hemisphere: become such by a native impulse of disposition.

lettersnounUS /ˈletərz/

the literary culture

From this reading In order to convince you that I have not bestowed undeserved praises in my former letters on this celebrated government; and that either nature or the climate seems to be more favourable here to the arts and sciences, than to any other American province; let us together, agreeable to your desire, pay a visit to Mr. John Bertram, the first botanist, in this new hemisphere: become such by a native impulse of disposition.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading JOHN BERTRAM, THE CELEBRATED PENNSYLVANIAN BOTANIST Examine this flourishing province, in whatever light you will, the eyes as well as the mind of an European traveller are equally delighted; because a diffusive happiness appears in every part: happiness which is established on the broadest basis.

Lycurgus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The wisdom of Lycurgus and Solon never conferred on man one half of the blessings and uninterrupted prosperity which the Pennsylvanians now possess: the name of Penn, that simple but illustrious citizen, does more honour to the English nation than those of many of their kings.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading The wisdom of Lycurgus and Solon never conferred on man one half of the blessings and uninterrupted prosperity which the Pennsylvanians now possess: the name of Penn, that simple but illustrious citizen, does more honour to the English nation than those of many of their kings.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading The wisdom of Lycurgus and Solon never conferred on man one half of the blessings and uninterrupted prosperity which the Pennsylvanians now possess: the name of Penn, that simple but illustrious citizen, does more honour to the English nation than those of many of their kings.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading JOHN BERTRAM, THE CELEBRATED PENNSYLVANIAN BOTANIST Examine this flourishing province, in whatever light you will, the eyes as well as the mind of an European traveller are equally delighted; because a diffusive happiness appears in every part: happiness which is established on the broadest basis.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading The wisdom of Lycurgus and Solon never conferred on man one half of the blessings and uninterrupted prosperity which the Pennsylvanians now possess: the name of Penn, that simple but illustrious citizen, does more honour to the English nation than those of many of their kings.

MRnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading FROM MR.

MYdeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading IW--N AL--Z, A RUSSIAN GENTLEMAN; DESCRIBING THE VISIT HE PAID AT MY REQUEST TO MR.

NnounUS /en/

a common nonmetallic element that is normally a colorless odorless tasteless inert diatomic gas; constitutes 78 percent of the atmosphere by volume; a constituent of all living tissues

From this reading IW--N AL--Z, A RUSSIAN GENTLEMAN; DESCRIBING THE VISIT HE PAID AT MY REQUEST TO MR.

nameverbUS /neɪm/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading The wisdom of Lycurgus and Solon never conferred on man one half of the blessings and uninterrupted prosperity which the Pennsylvanians now possess: the name of Penn, that simple but illustrious citizen, does more honour to the English nation than those of many of their kings.

nationnounUS /ˈneɪʃən/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading The wisdom of Lycurgus and Solon never conferred on man one half of the blessings and uninterrupted prosperity which the Pennsylvanians now possess: the name of Penn, that simple but illustrious citizen, does more honour to the English nation than those of many of their kings.

nativeadjectiveUS /ˈneɪtɪv/

characteristic of or existing by virtue of geographic origin

From this reading In order to convince you that I have not bestowed undeserved praises in my former letters on this celebrated government; and that either nature or the climate seems to be more favourable here to the arts and sciences, than to any other American province; let us together, agreeable to your desire, pay a visit to Mr. John Bertram, the first botanist, in this new hemisphere: become such by a native impulse of disposition.

naturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading In order to convince you that I have not bestowed undeserved praises in my former letters on this celebrated government; and that either nature or the climate seems to be more favourable here to the arts and sciences, than to any other American province; let us together, agreeable to your desire, pay a visit to Mr. John Bertram, the first botanist, in this new hemisphere: become such by a native impulse of disposition.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading The wisdom of Lycurgus and Solon never conferred on man one half of the blessings and uninterrupted prosperity which the Pennsylvanians now possess: the name of Penn, that simple but illustrious citizen, does more honour to the English nation than those of many of their kings.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading In order to convince you that I have not bestowed undeserved praises in my former letters on this celebrated government; and that either nature or the climate seems to be more favourable here to the arts and sciences, than to any other American province; let us together, agreeable to your desire, pay a visit to Mr. John Bertram, the first botanist, in this new hemisphere: become such by a native impulse of disposition.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading In order to convince you that I have not bestowed undeserved praises in my former letters on this celebrated government; and that either nature or the climate seems to be more favourable here to the arts and sciences, than to any other American province; let us together, agreeable to your desire, pay a visit to Mr. John Bertram, the first botanist, in this new hemisphere: become such by a native impulse of disposition.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading The wisdom of Lycurgus and Solon never conferred on man one half of the blessings and uninterrupted prosperity which the Pennsylvanians now possess: the name of Penn, that simple but illustrious citizen, does more honour to the English nation than those of many of their kings.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading JOHN BERTRAM, THE CELEBRATED PENNSYLVANIAN BOTANIST Examine this flourishing province, in whatever light you will, the eyes as well as the mind of an European traveller are equally delighted; because a diffusive happiness appears in every part: happiness which is established on the broadest basis.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading JOHN BERTRAM, THE CELEBRATED PENNSYLVANIAN BOTANIST Examine this flourishing province, in whatever light you will, the eyes as well as the mind of an European traveller are equally delighted; because a diffusive happiness appears in every part: happiness which is established on the broadest basis.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The wisdom of Lycurgus and Solon never conferred on man one half of the blessings and uninterrupted prosperity which the Pennsylvanians now possess: the name of Penn, that simple but illustrious citizen, does more honour to the English nation than those of many of their kings.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading In order to convince you that I have not bestowed undeserved praises in my former letters on this celebrated government; and that either nature or the climate seems to be more favourable here to the arts and sciences, than to any other American province; let us together, agreeable to your desire, pay a visit to Mr. John Bertram, the first botanist, in this new hemisphere: become such by a native impulse of disposition.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading In order to convince you that I have not bestowed undeserved praises in my former letters on this celebrated government; and that either nature or the climate seems to be more favourable here to the arts and sciences, than to any other American province; let us together, agreeable to your desire, pay a visit to Mr. John Bertram, the first botanist, in this new hemisphere: become such by a native impulse of disposition.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading In order to convince you that I have not bestowed undeserved praises in my former letters on this celebrated government; and that either nature or the climate seems to be more favourable here to the arts and sciences, than to any other American province; let us together, agreeable to your desire, pay a visit to Mr. John Bertram, the first botanist, in this new hemisphere: become such by a native impulse of disposition.

PAIDadjectiveUS /peɪd/

marked by the reception of pay

From this reading IW--N AL--Z, A RUSSIAN GENTLEMAN; DESCRIBING THE VISIT HE PAID AT MY REQUEST TO MR.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading JOHN BERTRAM, THE CELEBRATED PENNSYLVANIAN BOTANIST Examine this flourishing province, in whatever light you will, the eyes as well as the mind of an European traveller are equally delighted; because a diffusive happiness appears in every part: happiness which is established on the broadest basis.

payverbUS /peɪ/

give money, usually in exchange for goods or services

From this reading In order to convince you that I have not bestowed undeserved praises in my former letters on this celebrated government; and that either nature or the climate seems to be more favourable here to the arts and sciences, than to any other American province; let us together, agreeable to your desire, pay a visit to Mr. John Bertram, the first botanist, in this new hemisphere: become such by a native impulse of disposition.

PennnounUS /pen/

Englishman and Quaker who founded the colony of Pennsylvania (1644-1718)

From this reading The wisdom of Lycurgus and Solon never conferred on man one half of the blessings and uninterrupted prosperity which the Pennsylvanians now possess: the name of Penn, that simple but illustrious citizen, does more honour to the English nation than those of many of their kings.

PENNSYLVANIANnounUS /ˌpensɪlˈveɪniən/

from 310 million to 280 million years ago; warm climate; swampy land

From this reading JOHN BERTRAM, THE CELEBRATED PENNSYLVANIAN BOTANIST Examine this flourishing province, in whatever light you will, the eyes as well as the mind of an European traveller are equally delighted; because a diffusive happiness appears in every part: happiness which is established on the broadest basis.

PennsylvaniansnounUS /ˌpensɪlˈveɪniənz/

plural of “pennsylvanian” — from 310 million to 280 million years ago; warm climate; swampy land

From this reading The wisdom of Lycurgus and Solon never conferred on man one half of the blessings and uninterrupted prosperity which the Pennsylvanians now possess: the name of Penn, that simple but illustrious citizen, does more honour to the English nation than those of many of their kings.

possessverbUS /pəˈzes/

have as an attribute, knowledge, or skill

From this reading The wisdom of Lycurgus and Solon never conferred on man one half of the blessings and uninterrupted prosperity which the Pennsylvanians now possess: the name of Penn, that simple but illustrious citizen, does more honour to the English nation than those of many of their kings.

praisesnounUS /ˈpreɪzəz/

plural of “praise” — an expression of approval and commendation

From this reading In order to convince you that I have not bestowed undeserved praises in my former letters on this celebrated government; and that either nature or the climate seems to be more favourable here to the arts and sciences, than to any other American province; let us together, agreeable to your desire, pay a visit to Mr. John Bertram, the first botanist, in this new hemisphere: become such by a native impulse of disposition.

prosperitynounUS /prɑːˈsperəti/

an economic state of growth with rising profits and full employment

From this reading The wisdom of Lycurgus and Solon never conferred on man one half of the blessings and uninterrupted prosperity which the Pennsylvanians now possess: the name of Penn, that simple but illustrious citizen, does more honour to the English nation than those of many of their kings.

provincenounUS /ˈprɑːvəns/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading JOHN BERTRAM, THE CELEBRATED PENNSYLVANIAN BOTANIST Examine this flourishing province, in whatever light you will, the eyes as well as the mind of an European traveller are equally delighted; because a diffusive happiness appears in every part: happiness which is established on the broadest basis.

REQUESTverbUS /rɪˈkwest/

express the need or desire for

From this reading IW--N AL--Z, A RUSSIAN GENTLEMAN; DESCRIBING THE VISIT HE PAID AT MY REQUEST TO MR.

RUSSIANnounUS /ˈrʌʃən/

a native or inhabitant of Russia

From this reading IW--N AL--Z, A RUSSIAN GENTLEMAN; DESCRIBING THE VISIT HE PAID AT MY REQUEST TO MR.

sciencesnounUS /ˈsaɪənsəz/

plural of “science” — a particular branch of scientific knowledge

From this reading In order to convince you that I have not bestowed undeserved praises in my former letters on this celebrated government; and that either nature or the climate seems to be more favourable here to the arts and sciences, than to any other American province; let us together, agreeable to your desire, pay a visit to Mr. John Bertram, the first botanist, in this new hemisphere: become such by a native impulse of disposition.

seemsverbUS /siːmz/

third-person singular of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading In order to convince you that I have not bestowed undeserved praises in my former letters on this celebrated government; and that either nature or the climate seems to be more favourable here to the arts and sciences, than to any other American province; let us together, agreeable to your desire, pay a visit to Mr. John Bertram, the first botanist, in this new hemisphere: become such by a native impulse of disposition.

simpleadjectiveUS /ˈsɪmpəl/

having few parts; not complex or complicated or involved

From this reading The wisdom of Lycurgus and Solon never conferred on man one half of the blessings and uninterrupted prosperity which the Pennsylvanians now possess: the name of Penn, that simple but illustrious citizen, does more honour to the English nation than those of many of their kings.

SolonnounUS /ˈsoʊlən/

a man who is a respected leader in national or international affairs

From this reading The wisdom of Lycurgus and Solon never conferred on man one half of the blessings and uninterrupted prosperity which the Pennsylvanians now possess: the name of Penn, that simple but illustrious citizen, does more honour to the English nation than those of many of their kings.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading In order to convince you that I have not bestowed undeserved praises in my former letters on this celebrated government; and that either nature or the climate seems to be more favourable here to the arts and sciences, than to any other American province; let us together, agreeable to your desire, pay a visit to Mr. John Bertram, the first botanist, in this new hemisphere: become such by a native impulse of disposition.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading The wisdom of Lycurgus and Solon never conferred on man one half of the blessings and uninterrupted prosperity which the Pennsylvanians now possess: the name of Penn, that simple but illustrious citizen, does more honour to the English nation than those of many of their kings.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The wisdom of Lycurgus and Solon never conferred on man one half of the blessings and uninterrupted prosperity which the Pennsylvanians now possess: the name of Penn, that simple but illustrious citizen, does more honour to the English nation than those of many of their kings.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading IW--N AL--Z, A RUSSIAN GENTLEMAN; DESCRIBING THE VISIT HE PAID AT MY REQUEST TO MR.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The wisdom of Lycurgus and Solon never conferred on man one half of the blessings and uninterrupted prosperity which the Pennsylvanians now possess: the name of Penn, that simple but illustrious citizen, does more honour to the English nation than those of many of their kings.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading JOHN BERTRAM, THE CELEBRATED PENNSYLVANIAN BOTANIST Examine this flourishing province, in whatever light you will, the eyes as well as the mind of an European traveller are equally delighted; because a diffusive happiness appears in every part: happiness which is established on the broadest basis.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading The wisdom of Lycurgus and Solon never conferred on man one half of the blessings and uninterrupted prosperity which the Pennsylvanians now possess: the name of Penn, that simple but illustrious citizen, does more honour to the English nation than those of many of their kings.

TOparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading IW--N AL--Z, A RUSSIAN GENTLEMAN; DESCRIBING THE VISIT HE PAID AT MY REQUEST TO MR.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading In order to convince you that I have not bestowed undeserved praises in my former letters on this celebrated government; and that either nature or the climate seems to be more favourable here to the arts and sciences, than to any other American province; let us together, agreeable to your desire, pay a visit to Mr. John Bertram, the first botanist, in this new hemisphere: become such by a native impulse of disposition.

travellernounUS /ˈtrævələr/

a person who changes location

From this reading JOHN BERTRAM, THE CELEBRATED PENNSYLVANIAN BOTANIST Examine this flourishing province, in whatever light you will, the eyes as well as the mind of an European traveller are equally delighted; because a diffusive happiness appears in every part: happiness which is established on the broadest basis.

undeservedadjectiveUS /ˌʌndɪˈzɜːrvd/

not deserved or earned

From this reading In order to convince you that I have not bestowed undeserved praises in my former letters on this celebrated government; and that either nature or the climate seems to be more favourable here to the arts and sciences, than to any other American province; let us together, agreeable to your desire, pay a visit to Mr. John Bertram, the first botanist, in this new hemisphere: become such by a native impulse of disposition.

uninterruptedadjectiveUS /ˌʌnɪntərˈʌptɪd/

having undisturbed continuity

From this reading The wisdom of Lycurgus and Solon never conferred on man one half of the blessings and uninterrupted prosperity which the Pennsylvanians now possess: the name of Penn, that simple but illustrious citizen, does more honour to the English nation than those of many of their kings.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading In order to convince you that I have not bestowed undeserved praises in my former letters on this celebrated government; and that either nature or the climate seems to be more favourable here to the arts and sciences, than to any other American province; let us together, agreeable to your desire, pay a visit to Mr. John Bertram, the first botanist, in this new hemisphere: become such by a native impulse of disposition.

VISITverbUS /ˈvɪzɪt/

go to see a place, as for entertainment

From this reading IW--N AL--Z, A RUSSIAN GENTLEMAN; DESCRIBING THE VISIT HE PAID AT MY REQUEST TO MR.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading JOHN BERTRAM, THE CELEBRATED PENNSYLVANIAN BOTANIST Examine this flourishing province, in whatever light you will, the eyes as well as the mind of an European traveller are equally delighted; because a diffusive happiness appears in every part: happiness which is established on the broadest basis.

whateverdeterminerUS /ˌwʌˈtevər/

any or all of a kind, it does not matter which

From this reading JOHN BERTRAM, THE CELEBRATED PENNSYLVANIAN BOTANIST Examine this flourishing province, in whatever light you will, the eyes as well as the mind of an European traveller are equally delighted; because a diffusive happiness appears in every part: happiness which is established on the broadest basis.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading JOHN BERTRAM, THE CELEBRATED PENNSYLVANIAN BOTANIST Examine this flourishing province, in whatever light you will, the eyes as well as the mind of an European traveller are equally delighted; because a diffusive happiness appears in every part: happiness which is established on the broadest basis.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading JOHN BERTRAM, THE CELEBRATED PENNSYLVANIAN BOTANIST Examine this flourishing province, in whatever light you will, the eyes as well as the mind of an European traveller are equally delighted; because a diffusive happiness appears in every part: happiness which is established on the broadest basis.

wisdomnounUS /ˈwɪzdəm/

accumulated knowledge or erudition or enlightenment

From this reading The wisdom of Lycurgus and Solon never conferred on man one half of the blessings and uninterrupted prosperity which the Pennsylvanians now possess: the name of Penn, that simple but illustrious citizen, does more honour to the English nation than those of many of their kings.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading JOHN BERTRAM, THE CELEBRATED PENNSYLVANIAN BOTANIST Examine this flourishing province, in whatever light you will, the eyes as well as the mind of an European traveller are equally delighted; because a diffusive happiness appears in every part: happiness which is established on the broadest basis.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading In order to convince you that I have not bestowed undeserved praises in my former letters on this celebrated government; and that either nature or the climate seems to be more favourable here to the arts and sciences, than to any other American province; let us together, agreeable to your desire, pay a visit to Mr. John Bertram, the first botanist, in this new hemisphere: become such by a native impulse of disposition.

ZnounUS /ziː/

the ending of a series or sequence

From this reading IW--N AL--Z, A RUSSIAN GENTLEMAN; DESCRIBING THE VISIT HE PAID AT MY REQUEST TO MR.

Chapter 11 of Letters from an American Farmer by J. Hector St. John de Crèvecoeur holds 162 sentences, grouped into 33 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 11 of Letters from an American Farmer contain?

Chapter 11 holds 162 sentences of Letters from an American Farmer, unabridged, divided into 33 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 11 of Letters from an American Farmer by J. Hector St. John de Crèvecoeur exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 162 sentences, grouped into 33 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 11 of Letters from an American Farmer?

Work through the 33 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 33 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 11 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 11 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Letters from an American Farmer

Common questions about reading Letters from an American Farmer by J. Hector St. John de Crèvecoeur on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Letters from an American Farmer?

Yes. All 2085 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #4666 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Letters from an American Farmer is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #4666, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Letters from an American Farmer take to read?

About 173 minutes of reading across 417 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Letters from an American Farmer section by section

How to work through Letters from an American Farmer section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 12 chapters of Letters from an American Farmer to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Letters from an American Farmer

Words and structures a reader meets early in Letters from an American Farmer, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Thought
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters from an American Farmer; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Because
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters from an American Farmer; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Received
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters from an American Farmer; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Hospitality
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters from an American Farmer; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.