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Letters on Literature
Letters on Literature

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Letters on Literature is here in full — 155 sentences across 31 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/31 · 5 lines
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The name of Mr. Robert Bridges is probably strange to many lovers of poetry who would like nothing better than to make acquaintance with his verse.
But his verse is not so easily found.
This poet never writes in magazines; his books have not appealed to the public by any sort of advertisement, only two or three of them have come forth in the regular way.
The first was "Poems, by Robert Bridges, Batchelor of Arts in the University of Oxford.
_Parva seges satis est_.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Letters on Literature

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Letters on Literature is here in full — 155 sentences across 31 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/31 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The name of Mr. Robert Bridges is probably strange to many lovers of poetry who would like nothing better than to make acquaintance with his verse.
/ðə neɪm ʌv ˈmɪstər ˈrɑːbərt ˈbrɪdʒəz ɪz ˈprɑːbəbliː streɪndʒ tuː ˈmeni ˈlʌvərz ʌv ˈpoʊətri huː wʊd laɪk ˈnʌθɪŋ ˈbetər ðæn tuː meɪk əˈkweɪntəns wɪð hɪz vɜːrs/
Line 2
But his verse is not so easily found.
/bʌt hɪz vɜːrs ɪz nɑːt soʊ ˈiːzəli faʊnd/
Line 3
This poet never writes in magazines; his books have not appealed to the public by any sort of advertisement, only two or three of them have come forth in the regular way.
/ðɪs ˈpoʊət ˈnevər raɪts ɪn ˈmæɡəziːnz hɪz bʊks hæv nɑːt əˈpiːld tuː ðə ˈpʌblɪk baɪ ˈeni sɔːrt ʌv ædˈvɜːrtəzmənt ˈoʊnli tuː ɔːr θriː ʌv ðem hæv kʌm fɔːrθ ɪn ðə ˈreɡjələr weɪ/
Line 4
The first was "Poems, by Robert Bridges, Batchelor of Arts in the University of Oxford.
Line 5
_Parva seges satis est_.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

advertisement noun US /ædˈvɜːrtəzmənt/

a public promotion of some product or service

From this reading “This poet never writes in magazines; his books have not appealed to the public by any sort of advertisement, only two or three of them have come forth in the regular way.”

appealed verb US /əˈpiːld/

past form of “appeal” — take a court case to a higher court for review

From this reading “This poet never writes in magazines; his books have not appealed to the public by any sort of advertisement, only two or three of them have come forth in the regular way.”

Bridges noun US /ˈbrɪdʒəz/

United States labor leader who organized the longshoremen (1901-1990)

From this reading “The name of Mr. Robert Bridges is probably strange to many lovers of poetry who would like nothing better than to make acquaintance with his verse.”

est noun US /est/

standard time in the 5th time zone west of Greenwich, reckoned at the 75th meridian; used in the eastern United States

magazines noun US /ˈmæɡəziːnz/

plural of “magazine” — a periodic publication containing pictures and stories and articles of interest to those who purchase it or subscribe to it

From this reading “This poet never writes in magazines; his books have not appealed to the public by any sort of advertisement, only two or three of them have come forth in the regular way.”

Oxford noun US /ˈɑːksfərd/

a city in southern England to the northwest of London; site of Oxford University

From this reading “The first was "Poems, by Robert Bridges, Batchelor of Arts in the University of Oxford.”

University noun US /ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsəti/

the body of faculty and students at a university

From this reading “The first was "Poems, by Robert Bridges, Batchelor of Arts in the University of Oxford.”

writes verb US /raɪts/

third-person singular of “write” — produce a literary work

From this reading “This poet never writes in magazines; his books have not appealed to the public by any sort of advertisement, only two or three of them have come forth in the regular way.”

All words in this reading · 63

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

acquaintancenounUS /əˈkweɪntəns/

personal knowledge or information about someone or something

From this reading The name of Mr. Robert Bridges is probably strange to many lovers of poetry who would like nothing better than to make acquaintance with his verse.

advertisementnounUS /ædˈvɜːrtəzmənt/

a public promotion of some product or service

From this reading This poet never writes in magazines; his books have not appealed to the public by any sort of advertisement, only two or three of them have come forth in the regular way.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading This poet never writes in magazines; his books have not appealed to the public by any sort of advertisement, only two or three of them have come forth in the regular way.

appealedverbUS /əˈpiːld/

past form of “appeal” — take a court case to a higher court for review

From this reading This poet never writes in magazines; his books have not appealed to the public by any sort of advertisement, only two or three of them have come forth in the regular way.

ArtsnounUS /ɑːrts/

studies intended to provide general knowledge and intellectual skills (rather than occupational or professional skills)

From this reading The first was "Poems, by Robert Bridges, Batchelor of Arts in the University of Oxford.

Batchelor

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The first was "Poems, by Robert Bridges, Batchelor of Arts in the University of Oxford.

betteradjectiveUS /ˈbetər/

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading The name of Mr. Robert Bridges is probably strange to many lovers of poetry who would like nothing better than to make acquaintance with his verse.

booksnounUS /bʊks/

Bound written or printed works.

From this reading This poet never writes in magazines; his books have not appealed to the public by any sort of advertisement, only two or three of them have come forth in the regular way.

BridgesnounUS /ˈbrɪdʒəz/

United States labor leader who organized the longshoremen (1901-1990)

From this reading The name of Mr. Robert Bridges is probably strange to many lovers of poetry who would like nothing better than to make acquaintance with his verse.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But his verse is not so easily found.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading This poet never writes in magazines; his books have not appealed to the public by any sort of advertisement, only two or three of them have come forth in the regular way.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading This poet never writes in magazines; his books have not appealed to the public by any sort of advertisement, only two or three of them have come forth in the regular way.

easilyadverbUS /ˈiːzəli/

with ease (“easy” is sometimes used informally for “easily”)

From this reading But his verse is not so easily found.

estnounUS /est/

standard time in the 5th time zone west of Greenwich, reckoned at the 75th meridian; used in the eastern United States

From this reading _Parva seges satis est_.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading The first was "Poems, by Robert Bridges, Batchelor of Arts in the University of Oxford.

forthadverbUS /fɔːrθ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading This poet never writes in magazines; his books have not appealed to the public by any sort of advertisement, only two or three of them have come forth in the regular way.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading But his verse is not so easily found.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading This poet never writes in magazines; his books have not appealed to the public by any sort of advertisement, only two or three of them have come forth in the regular way.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The name of Mr. Robert Bridges is probably strange to many lovers of poetry who would like nothing better than to make acquaintance with his verse.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading This poet never writes in magazines; his books have not appealed to the public by any sort of advertisement, only two or three of them have come forth in the regular way.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The name of Mr. Robert Bridges is probably strange to many lovers of poetry who would like nothing better than to make acquaintance with his verse.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading The name of Mr. Robert Bridges is probably strange to many lovers of poetry who would like nothing better than to make acquaintance with his verse.

loversnounUS /ˈlʌvərz/

plural of “lover” — a person who loves someone or is loved by someone

From this reading The name of Mr. Robert Bridges is probably strange to many lovers of poetry who would like nothing better than to make acquaintance with his verse.

magazinesnounUS /ˈmæɡəziːnz/

plural of “magazine” — a periodic publication containing pictures and stories and articles of interest to those who purchase it or subscribe to it

From this reading This poet never writes in magazines; his books have not appealed to the public by any sort of advertisement, only two or three of them have come forth in the regular way.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading The name of Mr. Robert Bridges is probably strange to many lovers of poetry who would like nothing better than to make acquaintance with his verse.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading The name of Mr. Robert Bridges is probably strange to many lovers of poetry who would like nothing better than to make acquaintance with his verse.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading The name of Mr. Robert Bridges is probably strange to many lovers of poetry who would like nothing better than to make acquaintance with his verse.

nameverbUS /neɪm/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading The name of Mr. Robert Bridges is probably strange to many lovers of poetry who would like nothing better than to make acquaintance with his verse.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading This poet never writes in magazines; his books have not appealed to the public by any sort of advertisement, only two or three of them have come forth in the regular way.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading But his verse is not so easily found.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading The name of Mr. Robert Bridges is probably strange to many lovers of poetry who would like nothing better than to make acquaintance with his verse.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The name of Mr. Robert Bridges is probably strange to many lovers of poetry who would like nothing better than to make acquaintance with his verse.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading This poet never writes in magazines; his books have not appealed to the public by any sort of advertisement, only two or three of them have come forth in the regular way.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading This poet never writes in magazines; his books have not appealed to the public by any sort of advertisement, only two or three of them have come forth in the regular way.

OxfordnounUS /ˈɑːksfərd/

a city in southern England to the northwest of London; site of Oxford University

From this reading The first was "Poems, by Robert Bridges, Batchelor of Arts in the University of Oxford.

Parva

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Parva seges satis est_.

PoemsnounUS /ˈpoʊəmz/

plural of “poem” — a composition written in metrical feet forming rhythmical lines

From this reading The first was "Poems, by Robert Bridges, Batchelor of Arts in the University of Oxford.

poetnounUS /ˈpoʊət/

a writer of poems (the term is usually reserved for writers of good poetry)

From this reading This poet never writes in magazines; his books have not appealed to the public by any sort of advertisement, only two or three of them have come forth in the regular way.

poetrynounUS /ˈpoʊətri/

literature in metrical form

From this reading The name of Mr. Robert Bridges is probably strange to many lovers of poetry who would like nothing better than to make acquaintance with his verse.

probablyadverbUS /ˈprɑːbəbliː/

with considerable certainty; without much doubt

From this reading The name of Mr. Robert Bridges is probably strange to many lovers of poetry who would like nothing better than to make acquaintance with his verse.

publicnounUS /ˈpʌblɪk/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading This poet never writes in magazines; his books have not appealed to the public by any sort of advertisement, only two or three of them have come forth in the regular way.

regularadjectiveUS /ˈreɡjələr/

in accordance with fixed order or procedure or principle

From this reading This poet never writes in magazines; his books have not appealed to the public by any sort of advertisement, only two or three of them have come forth in the regular way.

RobertnounUS /ˈrɑːbərt/

United States parliamentary authority and author (in 1876) of Robert's Rules of Order (1837-1923)

From this reading The name of Mr. Robert Bridges is probably strange to many lovers of poetry who would like nothing better than to make acquaintance with his verse.

satis

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Parva seges satis est_.

seges

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Parva seges satis est_.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading But his verse is not so easily found.

sortnounUS /sɔːrt/

a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading This poet never writes in magazines; his books have not appealed to the public by any sort of advertisement, only two or three of them have come forth in the regular way.

strangeadjectiveUS /streɪndʒ/

being definitely out of the ordinary and unexpected; slightly odd or even a bit weird

From this reading The name of Mr. Robert Bridges is probably strange to many lovers of poetry who would like nothing better than to make acquaintance with his verse.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading The name of Mr. Robert Bridges is probably strange to many lovers of poetry who would like nothing better than to make acquaintance with his verse.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The name of Mr. Robert Bridges is probably strange to many lovers of poetry who would like nothing better than to make acquaintance with his verse.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading This poet never writes in magazines; his books have not appealed to the public by any sort of advertisement, only two or three of them have come forth in the regular way.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This poet never writes in magazines; his books have not appealed to the public by any sort of advertisement, only two or three of them have come forth in the regular way.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading This poet never writes in magazines; his books have not appealed to the public by any sort of advertisement, only two or three of them have come forth in the regular way.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The name of Mr. Robert Bridges is probably strange to many lovers of poetry who would like nothing better than to make acquaintance with his verse.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading This poet never writes in magazines; his books have not appealed to the public by any sort of advertisement, only two or three of them have come forth in the regular way.

UniversitynounUS /ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsəti/

the body of faculty and students at a university

From this reading The first was "Poems, by Robert Bridges, Batchelor of Arts in the University of Oxford.

versenounUS /vɜːrs/

literature in metrical form

From this reading The name of Mr. Robert Bridges is probably strange to many lovers of poetry who would like nothing better than to make acquaintance with his verse.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The first was "Poems, by Robert Bridges, Batchelor of Arts in the University of Oxford.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading This poet never writes in magazines; his books have not appealed to the public by any sort of advertisement, only two or three of them have come forth in the regular way.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The name of Mr. Robert Bridges is probably strange to many lovers of poetry who would like nothing better than to make acquaintance with his verse.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The name of Mr. Robert Bridges is probably strange to many lovers of poetry who would like nothing better than to make acquaintance with his verse.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading The name of Mr. Robert Bridges is probably strange to many lovers of poetry who would like nothing better than to make acquaintance with his verse.

writesverbUS /raɪts/

third-person singular of “write” — produce a literary work

From this reading This poet never writes in magazines; his books have not appealed to the public by any sort of advertisement, only two or three of them have come forth in the regular way.

Chapter 2 of Letters on Literature by Andrew Lang holds 155 sentences, grouped into 31 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of Letters on Literature contain?

Chapter 2 holds 155 sentences of Letters on Literature, unabridged, divided into 31 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of Letters on Literature by Andrew Lang exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 155 sentences, grouped into 31 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of Letters on Literature?

Work through the 31 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 31 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Letters on Literature

Common questions about reading Letters on Literature by Andrew Lang on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Letters on Literature?

Yes. All 1411 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #1395 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Letters on Literature is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #1395, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Letters on Literature take to read?

About 117 minutes of reading across 283 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Letters on Literature section by section

How to work through Letters on Literature section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 9 chapters of Letters on Literature to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Letters on Literature

Words and structures a reader meets early in Letters on Literature, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Introductory
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters on Literature; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Modern
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters on Literature; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
English
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters on Literature; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Poetry
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters on Literature; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.