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Letters on Literature
Letters on Literature

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Letters on Literature is here in full — 159 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/31 · 5 lines
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But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.
It is a mammoth posing as a kitten, though whatever he says or does, his audience throw up their hands and eyes and ask: "Was there ever such a man?"
"Thank Heaven, _never_!" the nineteenth century replies unanimously.
Secure as he is of the contemporary public verdict, Sir Charles does not attempt to repress his love of "pawing" all his female acquaintances.
He is eternally taking their hands, putting his arm round their waists, leading them up and down, and permitting himself liberties that in a less perfect character would be considered intolerable.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Letters on Literature

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Letters on Literature is here in full — 159 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/31 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.
Line 2
It is a mammoth posing as a kitten, though whatever he says or does, his audience throw up their hands and eyes and ask: "Was there ever such a man?"
/ɪt ɪz ə ˈmæməθ ˈpoʊzɪŋ æz ə ˈkɪtən ðoʊ ˌwʌˈtevər hiː sez ɔːr dʌz hɪz ˈɑːdiəns θroʊ ʌp ðer hændz ənd aɪz ənd æsk wɑːz ðer ˈevər sʌtʃ ə mæn/
Line 3
"Thank Heaven, _never_!" the nineteenth century replies unanimously.
/θæŋk ˈhevən ˈnevər ðə ˈnaɪnˈtiːnθ ˈsentʃəri rɪˈplaɪz juːˈnænəməsli/
Line 4
Secure as he is of the contemporary public verdict, Sir Charles does not attempt to repress his love of "pawing" all his female acquaintances.
/sɪˈkjʊr æz hiː ɪz ʌv ðə kənˈtempəreri ˈpʌblɪk ˈvɜːrdɪkt sɜːr tʃɑːrlz dʌz nɑːt əˈtempt tuː riˈpres hɪz lʌv ʌv ˈpɔːɪŋ ɔːl hɪz ˈfiːmeɪl əˈkweɪntənsɪz/
Line 5
He is eternally taking their hands, putting his arm round their waists, leading them up and down, and permitting himself liberties that in a less perfect character would be considered intolerable.
/hiː ɪz ɪˈtɜːrnəli ˈteɪkɪŋ ðer hændz ˈpʌtɪŋ hɪz ɑːrm raʊnd ðer weɪsts ˈliːdɪŋ ðem ʌp ənd daʊn ənd pərˈmɪtɪŋ hɪmˈself ˈlɪbərtiːz ðæt ɪn ə les pərˈfekt ˈkerɪktər wʊd biː kənˈsɪdərd ˌɪnˈtɑːlərəbəl/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

exchanges noun US /ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒəz/

plural of “exchange” — chemical process in which one atom or ion or group changes places with another

From this reading “But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.”

jocose adjective US /ˌdʒɔːˈkoʊz/

characterized by jokes and good humor

From this reading “But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.”

mammoth adjective US /ˈmæməθ/

so exceedingly large or extensive as to suggest a giant or mammoth

From this reading “It is a mammoth posing as a kitten, though whatever he says or does, his audience throw up their hands and eyes and ask: "Was there ever such a man?"”

pawing verb US /ˈpɔːɪŋ/

-ing form of “paw” — scrape with the paws

From this reading “Secure as he is of the contemporary public verdict, Sir Charles does not attempt to repress his love of "pawing" all his female acquaintances.”

posing noun US /ˈpoʊzɪŋ/

(photography) the act of assuming a certain position (as for a photograph or portrait)

From this reading “It is a mammoth posing as a kitten, though whatever he says or does, his audience throw up their hands and eyes and ask: "Was there ever such a man?"”

quips noun US /kwɪps/

plural of “quip” — a witty saying

From this reading “But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.”

rallies noun US /ˈræliz/

plural of “rally” — a large gathering of people intended to arouse enthusiasm

From this reading “But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.”

waists noun US /weɪsts/

plural of “waist” — the narrowing of the body between the ribs and hips

From this reading “He is eternally taking their hands, putting his arm round their waists, leading them up and down, and permitting himself liberties that in a less perfect character would be considered intolerable.”

All words in this reading · 99

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.

acquaintancesnounUS /əˈkweɪntənsɪz/

plural of “acquaintance” — personal knowledge or information about someone or something

From this reading Secure as he is of the contemporary public verdict, Sir Charles does not attempt to repress his love of "pawing" all his female acquaintances.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.

ancientadjectiveUS /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/

Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.

From this reading But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It is a mammoth posing as a kitten, though whatever he says or does, his audience throw up their hands and eyes and ask: "Was there ever such a man?"

armnounUS /ɑːrm/

a human limb; technically the part of the superior limb between the shoulder and the elbow but commonly used to refer to the whole superior limb

From this reading He is eternally taking their hands, putting his arm round their waists, leading them up and down, and permitting himself liberties that in a less perfect character would be considered intolerable.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.

askverbUS /æsk/

make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading It is a mammoth posing as a kitten, though whatever he says or does, his audience throw up their hands and eyes and ask: "Was there ever such a man?"

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.

attemptnounUS /əˈtempt/

earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something

From this reading Secure as he is of the contemporary public verdict, Sir Charles does not attempt to repress his love of "pawing" all his female acquaintances.

attemptsnounUS /əˈtempts/

plural of “attempt” — earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something

From this reading But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.

audiencenounUS /ˈɑːdiəns/

a gathering of spectators or listeners at a (usually public) performance

From this reading It is a mammoth posing as a kitten, though whatever he says or does, his audience throw up their hands and eyes and ask: "Was there ever such a man?"

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.

Beauchamp

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.

centurynounUS /ˈsentʃəri/

a period of 100 years

From this reading "Thank Heaven, _never_!" the nineteenth century replies unanimously.

characternounUS /ˈkerɪktər/

an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading He is eternally taking their hands, putting his arm round their waists, leading them up and down, and permitting himself liberties that in a less perfect character would be considered intolerable.

CharlesnounUS /tʃɑːrlz/

King of France from 1560 to 1574 whose reign was dominated by his mother Catherine de Medicis (1550-1574)

From this reading But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.

consideredadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərd/

carefully weighed

From this reading He is eternally taking their hands, putting his arm round their waists, leading them up and down, and permitting himself liberties that in a less perfect character would be considered intolerable.

contemporaryadjectiveUS /kənˈtempəreri/

characteristic of the present

From this reading Secure as he is of the contemporary public verdict, Sir Charles does not attempt to repress his love of "pawing" all his female acquaintances.

cousinsnounUS /ˈkʌzənz/

plural of “cousin” — the child of your aunt or uncle

From this reading But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.

dearadjectiveUS /dɪr/

dearly loved

From this reading But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.

doesauxiliary verbUS /dʌz/

the form of “do” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It is a mammoth posing as a kitten, though whatever he says or does, his audience throw up their hands and eyes and ask: "Was there ever such a man?"

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading He is eternally taking their hands, putting his arm round their waists, leading them up and down, and permitting himself liberties that in a less perfect character would be considered intolerable.

eternallyadverbUS /ɪˈtɜːrnəli/

for a limitless time

From this reading He is eternally taking their hands, putting his arm round their waists, leading them up and down, and permitting himself liberties that in a less perfect character would be considered intolerable.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading It is a mammoth posing as a kitten, though whatever he says or does, his audience throw up their hands and eyes and ask: "Was there ever such a man?"

excellentadjectiveUS /ˈeksələnt/

very good; of the highest quality

From this reading But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.

exchangesnounUS /ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒəz/

plural of “exchange” — chemical process in which one atom or ion or group changes places with another

From this reading But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading It is a mammoth posing as a kitten, though whatever he says or does, his audience throw up their hands and eyes and ask: "Was there ever such a man?"

femaleadjectiveUS /ˈfiːmeɪl/

being the sex (of plant or animal) that produces fertilizable gametes (ova) from which offspring develop

From this reading Secure as he is of the contemporary public verdict, Sir Charles does not attempt to repress his love of "pawing" all his female acquaintances.

friendnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.

grandmothernounUS /ˈɡrændmʌðər/

the mother of your father or mother

From this reading But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading It is a mammoth posing as a kitten, though whatever he says or does, his audience throw up their hands and eyes and ask: "Was there ever such a man?"

Harriet's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.

HeavennounUS /ˈhevən/

any place of complete bliss and delight and peace

From this reading "Thank Heaven, _never_!" the nineteenth century replies unanimously.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading He is eternally taking their hands, putting his arm round their waists, leading them up and down, and permitting himself liberties that in a less perfect character would be considered intolerable.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.

infinitelyadverbUS /ˈɪnfənətli/

without bounds

From this reading But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.

intolerableadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtɑːlərəbəl/

incapable of being tolerated or endured

From this reading He is eternally taking their hands, putting his arm round their waists, leading them up and down, and permitting himself liberties that in a less perfect character would be considered intolerable.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It is a mammoth posing as a kitten, though whatever he says or does, his audience throw up their hands and eyes and ask: "Was there ever such a man?"

jocoseadjectiveUS /ˌdʒɔːˈkoʊz/

characterized by jokes and good humor

From this reading But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.

kittennounUS /ˈkɪtən/

young domestic cat

From this reading It is a mammoth posing as a kitten, though whatever he says or does, his audience throw up their hands and eyes and ask: "Was there ever such a man?"

leadingadjectiveUS /ˈliːdɪŋ/

indicating the most important performer or role

From this reading He is eternally taking their hands, putting his arm round their waists, leading them up and down, and permitting himself liberties that in a less perfect character would be considered intolerable.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading He is eternally taking their hands, putting his arm round their waists, leading them up and down, and permitting himself liberties that in a less perfect character would be considered intolerable.

libertiesnounUS /ˈlɪbərtiːz/

plural of “liberty” — immunity from arbitrary exercise of authority: political independence

From this reading He is eternally taking their hands, putting his arm round their waists, leading them up and down, and permitting himself liberties that in a less perfect character would be considered intolerable.

lovenounUS /lʌv/

a strong positive emotion of regard and affection

From this reading Secure as he is of the contemporary public verdict, Sir Charles does not attempt to repress his love of "pawing" all his female acquaintances.

mammothadjectiveUS /ˈmæməθ/

so exceedingly large or extensive as to suggest a giant or mammoth

From this reading It is a mammoth posing as a kitten, though whatever he says or does, his audience throw up their hands and eyes and ask: "Was there ever such a man?"

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading It is a mammoth posing as a kitten, though whatever he says or does, his audience throw up their hands and eyes and ask: "Was there ever such a man?"

mannernounUS /ˈmænər/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.

momentsnounUS /ˈmoʊmənts/

plural of “moment” — a particular point in time

From this reading But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading "Thank Heaven, _never_!" the nineteenth century replies unanimously.

nineteenthadjectiveUS /ˈnaɪnˈtiːnθ/

coming next after the eighteenth in position

From this reading "Thank Heaven, _never_!" the nineteenth century replies unanimously.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Secure as he is of the contemporary public verdict, Sir Charles does not attempt to repress his love of "pawing" all his female acquaintances.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.

pawingverbUS /ˈpɔːɪŋ/

-ing form of “paw” — scrape with the paws

From this reading Secure as he is of the contemporary public verdict, Sir Charles does not attempt to repress his love of "pawing" all his female acquaintances.

perfectadjectiveUS /pərˈfekt/

being complete of its kind and without defect or blemish

From this reading He is eternally taking their hands, putting his arm round their waists, leading them up and down, and permitting himself liberties that in a less perfect character would be considered intolerable.

permittingverbUS /pərˈmɪtɪŋ/

inflected form of “permit” — consent to, give permission

From this reading He is eternally taking their hands, putting his arm round their waists, leading them up and down, and permitting himself liberties that in a less perfect character would be considered intolerable.

posingnounUS /ˈpoʊzɪŋ/

(photography) the act of assuming a certain position (as for a photograph or portrait)

From this reading It is a mammoth posing as a kitten, though whatever he says or does, his audience throw up their hands and eyes and ask: "Was there ever such a man?"

publicnounUS /ˈpʌblɪk/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading Secure as he is of the contemporary public verdict, Sir Charles does not attempt to repress his love of "pawing" all his female acquaintances.

puttingnounUS /ˈpʌtɪŋ/

hitting a golf ball that is on the green using a putter

From this reading He is eternally taking their hands, putting his arm round their waists, leading them up and down, and permitting himself liberties that in a less perfect character would be considered intolerable.

quipsnounUS /kwɪps/

plural of “quip” — a witty saying

From this reading But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.

ralliesnounUS /ˈræliz/

plural of “rally” — a large gathering of people intended to arouse enthusiasm

From this reading But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.

repliesnounUS /rɪˈplaɪz/

plural of “reply” — a statement (either spoken or written) that is made to reply to a question or request or criticism or accusation

From this reading "Thank Heaven, _never_!" the nineteenth century replies unanimously.

repressverbUS /riˈpres/

put down by force or intimidation

From this reading Secure as he is of the contemporary public verdict, Sir Charles does not attempt to repress his love of "pawing" all his female acquaintances.

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading He is eternally taking their hands, putting his arm round their waists, leading them up and down, and permitting himself liberties that in a less perfect character would be considered intolerable.

saysnounUS /sez/

plural of “say” — the chance to speak

From this reading It is a mammoth posing as a kitten, though whatever he says or does, his audience throw up their hands and eyes and ask: "Was there ever such a man?"

SecureverbUS /sɪˈkjʊr/

get by special effort

From this reading Secure as he is of the contemporary public verdict, Sir Charles does not attempt to repress his love of "pawing" all his female acquaintances.

SirnounUS /sɜːr/

term of address for a man

From this reading But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.

sprightlyadjectiveUS /ˈspraɪtli/

full of spirit and vitality

From this reading But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.

step-mother

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading It is a mammoth posing as a kitten, though whatever he says or does, his audience throw up their hands and eyes and ask: "Was there ever such a man?"

takingnounUS /ˈteɪkɪŋ/

the act of someone who picks up or takes something

From this reading He is eternally taking their hands, putting his arm round their waists, leading them up and down, and permitting himself liberties that in a less perfect character would be considered intolerable.

ThankverbUS /θæŋk/

express gratitude or show appreciation to

From this reading "Thank Heaven, _never_!" the nineteenth century replies unanimously.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading It is a mammoth posing as a kitten, though whatever he says or does, his audience throw up their hands and eyes and ask: "Was there ever such a man?"

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading He is eternally taking their hands, putting his arm round their waists, leading them up and down, and permitting himself liberties that in a less perfect character would be considered intolerable.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading It is a mammoth posing as a kitten, though whatever he says or does, his audience throw up their hands and eyes and ask: "Was there ever such a man?"

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading It is a mammoth posing as a kitten, though whatever he says or does, his audience throw up their hands and eyes and ask: "Was there ever such a man?"

throwverbUS /θroʊ/

propel through the air

From this reading It is a mammoth posing as a kitten, though whatever he says or does, his audience throw up their hands and eyes and ask: "Was there ever such a man?"

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.

tryingadjectiveUS /ˈtraɪɪŋ/

hard to endure

From this reading But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.

unanimouslyadverbUS /juːˈnænəməsli/

of one mind; without dissent

From this reading "Thank Heaven, _never_!" the nineteenth century replies unanimously.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading It is a mammoth posing as a kitten, though whatever he says or does, his audience throw up their hands and eyes and ask: "Was there ever such a man?"

verdictnounUS /ˈvɜːrdɪkt/

(law) the findings of a jury on issues of fact submitted to it for decision; can be used in formulating a judgment

From this reading Secure as he is of the contemporary public verdict, Sir Charles does not attempt to repress his love of "pawing" all his female acquaintances.

waistsnounUS /weɪsts/

plural of “waist” — the narrowing of the body between the ribs and hips

From this reading He is eternally taking their hands, putting his arm round their waists, leading them up and down, and permitting himself liberties that in a less perfect character would be considered intolerable.

Wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It is a mammoth posing as a kitten, though whatever he says or does, his audience throw up their hands and eyes and ask: "Was there ever such a man?"

whateverdeterminerUS /ˌwʌˈtevər/

any or all of a kind, it does not matter which

From this reading It is a mammoth posing as a kitten, though whatever he says or does, his audience throw up their hands and eyes and ask: "Was there ever such a man?"

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.

worstnounUS /wɜːrst/

the least favorable outcome

From this reading But, my dear, trying as Sir Charles is at all moments, he is infinitely at his worst when he attempts to be jocose, when he rallies the step-mother of his friend Beauchamp in a sprightly manner, or exchanges quips with Harriet's cousins at the house of "that excellent ancient," her grandmother.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading He is eternally taking their hands, putting his arm round their waists, leading them up and down, and permitting himself liberties that in a less perfect character would be considered intolerable.

Chapter 8 of Letters on Literature by Andrew Lang holds 159 sentences, grouped into 32 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Letters on Literature contain?

Chapter 8 holds 159 sentences of Letters on Literature, unabridged, divided into 32 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Letters on Literature by Andrew Lang exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 159 sentences, grouped into 32 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Letters on Literature?

Work through the 32 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 32 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Letters on Literature

Common questions about reading Letters on Literature by Andrew Lang on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Letters on Literature?

Yes. All 1411 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #1395 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Letters on Literature is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #1395, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Letters on Literature take to read?

About 117 minutes of reading across 283 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Letters on Literature section by section

How to work through Letters on Literature section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Letters on Literature

Words and structures a reader meets early in Letters on Literature, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Introductory
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters on Literature; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Modern
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters on Literature; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
English
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters on Literature; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Poetry
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters on Literature; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.