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Letters on the equality of the sexes, and the condition of woman
Letters on the equality of the sexes, and the condition of woman

Chapter V

Chapter 5 of Letters on the equality of the sexes, and the condition of woman is here in full — 52 sentences across 11 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Letters on the equality of the sexes, and the condition of woman
Context Illustration Reading 1/10 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
CONDITION IN ASIA AND AFRICA.
_Groton, 8th Mo.
4th, 1837._ MY DEAR SISTER,--I design to devote this letter to a brief examination of the condition of women in Asia and Africa.
I believe it will be found that men, in the exercise of their usurped dominion over woman, have almost invariably done one of two things.
They have either made slaves of the creatures whom God designed to be their companions and their coadjutors in every moral and intellectual improvement, or they have dressed them like dolls, and used them as toys to amuse their hours of recreation.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Letters on the equality of the sexes, and the condition of woman

Chapter V

Chapter 5 of Letters on the equality of the sexes, and the condition of woman is here in full — 52 sentences across 11 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/10 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
CONDITION IN ASIA AND AFRICA.
/kənˈdɪʃən ɪn ˈeɪʒə ənd ˈæfrəkɑː/
Line 2
_Groton, 8th Mo.
Line 3
4th, 1837._ MY DEAR SISTER,--I design to devote this letter to a brief examination of the condition of women in Asia and Africa.
Line 4
I believe it will be found that men, in the exercise of their usurped dominion over woman, have almost invariably done one of two things.
/aɪ bɪˈliːv ɪt wɪl biː faʊnd ðæt men ɪn ðə ˈeksərsaɪz ʌv ðer ˌjuːˈsɜːrpt dəˈmɪnjən ˈoʊvər ˈwʊmən hæv ˈɔːlmoʊst ˌɪnˈveriəbli dʌn wʌn ʌv tuː θɪŋz/
Line 5
They have either made slaves of the creatures whom God designed to be their companions and their coadjutors in every moral and intellectual improvement, or they have dressed them like dolls, and used them as toys to amuse their hours of recreation.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

asia noun US /ˈeɪʒə/

the largest continent with 60% of the earth's population; it is joined to Europe on the west to form Eurasia; it is the site of some of the world's earliest civilizations

From this reading “CONDITION IN ASIA AND AFRICA.”

devote verb US /dɪˈvoʊt/

give entirely to a specific person, activity, or cause

From this reading “4th, 1837._ MY DEAR SISTER,--I design to devote this letter to a brief examination of the condition of women in Asia and Africa.”

dolls noun US /dɑːlz/

plural of “doll” — a small replica of a person; used as a toy

From this reading “They have either made slaves of the creatures whom God designed to be their companions and their coadjutors in every moral and intellectual improvement, or they have dressed them like dolls, and used them as toys to amuse their hours of recreation.”

dominion noun US /dəˈmɪnjən/

dominance or power through legal authority

From this reading “I believe it will be found that men, in the exercise of their usurped dominion over woman, have almost invariably done one of two things.”

improvement noun US /ˌɪmˈpruːvmənt/

a change for the better; progress in development

From this reading “They have either made slaves of the creatures whom God designed to be their companions and their coadjutors in every moral and intellectual improvement, or they have dressed them like dolls, and used them as toys to amuse their hours of recreation.”

recreation noun US /ˌrekriˈeɪʃən/

an activity that diverts or amuses or stimulates

From this reading “They have either made slaves of the creatures whom God designed to be their companions and their coadjutors in every moral and intellectual improvement, or they have dressed them like dolls, and used them as toys to amuse their hours of recreation.”

toys noun US /tɔɪz/

plural of “toy” — an artifact designed to be played with

From this reading “They have either made slaves of the creatures whom God designed to be their companions and their coadjutors in every moral and intellectual improvement, or they have dressed them like dolls, and used them as toys to amuse their hours of recreation.”

usurped verb US /ˌjuːˈsɜːrpt/

past form of “usurp” — seize and take control without authority and possibly with force; take as one's right or possession

From this reading “I believe it will be found that men, in the exercise of their usurped dominion over woman, have almost invariably done one of two things.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

brief examination adjective + noun

In this reading “4th, 1837._ MY DEAR SISTER,--I design to devote this letter to a brief examination of the condition of women in Asia and Africa.”

DEAR SISTER adjective + noun

In this reading “4th, 1837._ MY DEAR SISTER,--I design to devote this letter to a brief examination of the condition of women in Asia and Africa.”

two things noun + noun

In this reading “I believe it will be found that men, in the exercise of their usurped dominion over woman, have almost invariably done one of two things.”

All words in this reading · 70

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1837

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 4th, 1837._ MY DEAR SISTER,--I design to devote this letter to a brief examination of the condition of women in Asia and Africa.

4th

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 4th, 1837._ MY DEAR SISTER,--I design to devote this letter to a brief examination of the condition of women in Asia and Africa.

8th

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Groton, 8th Mo.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading 4th, 1837._ MY DEAR SISTER,--I design to devote this letter to a brief examination of the condition of women in Asia and Africa.

AFRICAnounUS /ˈæfrəkɑː/

the second largest continent; located to the south of Europe and bordered to the west by the South Atlantic and to the east by the Indian Ocean

From this reading CONDITION IN ASIA AND AFRICA.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading I believe it will be found that men, in the exercise of their usurped dominion over woman, have almost invariably done one of two things.

amuseverbUS /əˈmjuːz/

occupy in an agreeable, entertaining or pleasant fashion

From this reading They have either made slaves of the creatures whom God designed to be their companions and their coadjutors in every moral and intellectual improvement, or they have dressed them like dolls, and used them as toys to amuse their hours of recreation.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading CONDITION IN ASIA AND AFRICA.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading They have either made slaves of the creatures whom God designed to be their companions and their coadjutors in every moral and intellectual improvement, or they have dressed them like dolls, and used them as toys to amuse their hours of recreation.

ASIAnounUS /ˈeɪʒə/

the largest continent with 60% of the earth's population; it is joined to Europe on the west to form Eurasia; it is the site of some of the world's earliest civilizations

From this reading CONDITION IN ASIA AND AFRICA.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading I believe it will be found that men, in the exercise of their usurped dominion over woman, have almost invariably done one of two things.

believeverbUS /bɪˈliːv/

accept as true; take to be true

From this reading I believe it will be found that men, in the exercise of their usurped dominion over woman, have almost invariably done one of two things.

briefadjectiveUS /briːf/

of short duration or distance

From this reading 4th, 1837._ MY DEAR SISTER,--I design to devote this letter to a brief examination of the condition of women in Asia and Africa.

coadjutors

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They have either made slaves of the creatures whom God designed to be their companions and their coadjutors in every moral and intellectual improvement, or they have dressed them like dolls, and used them as toys to amuse their hours of recreation.

companionsnounUS /kəmˈpænjənz/

plural of “companion” — a friend who is frequently in the company of another

From this reading They have either made slaves of the creatures whom God designed to be their companions and their coadjutors in every moral and intellectual improvement, or they have dressed them like dolls, and used them as toys to amuse their hours of recreation.

CONDITIONnounUS /kənˈdɪʃən/

a state at a particular time

From this reading CONDITION IN ASIA AND AFRICA.

creaturesnounUS /ˈkriːtʃərz/

plural of “creature” — a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading They have either made slaves of the creatures whom God designed to be their companions and their coadjutors in every moral and intellectual improvement, or they have dressed them like dolls, and used them as toys to amuse their hours of recreation.

DEARadjectiveUS /dɪr/

dearly loved

From this reading 4th, 1837._ MY DEAR SISTER,--I design to devote this letter to a brief examination of the condition of women in Asia and Africa.

designnounUS /dɪˈzaɪn/

the act of working out the form of something (as by making a sketch or outline or plan)

From this reading 4th, 1837._ MY DEAR SISTER,--I design to devote this letter to a brief examination of the condition of women in Asia and Africa.

designedadjectiveUS /dɪˈzaɪnd/

done or made or performed with purpose and intent

From this reading They have either made slaves of the creatures whom God designed to be their companions and their coadjutors in every moral and intellectual improvement, or they have dressed them like dolls, and used them as toys to amuse their hours of recreation.

devoteverbUS /dɪˈvoʊt/

give entirely to a specific person, activity, or cause

From this reading 4th, 1837._ MY DEAR SISTER,--I design to devote this letter to a brief examination of the condition of women in Asia and Africa.

dollsnounUS /dɑːlz/

plural of “doll” — a small replica of a person; used as a toy

From this reading They have either made slaves of the creatures whom God designed to be their companions and their coadjutors in every moral and intellectual improvement, or they have dressed them like dolls, and used them as toys to amuse their hours of recreation.

dominionnounUS /dəˈmɪnjən/

dominance or power through legal authority

From this reading I believe it will be found that men, in the exercise of their usurped dominion over woman, have almost invariably done one of two things.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading I believe it will be found that men, in the exercise of their usurped dominion over woman, have almost invariably done one of two things.

dressedadjectiveUS /drest/

dressed or clothed especially in fine attire; often used in combination

From this reading They have either made slaves of the creatures whom God designed to be their companions and their coadjutors in every moral and intellectual improvement, or they have dressed them like dolls, and used them as toys to amuse their hours of recreation.

eitherdeterminerUS /ˈiːðər/

one or the other of two

From this reading They have either made slaves of the creatures whom God designed to be their companions and their coadjutors in every moral and intellectual improvement, or they have dressed them like dolls, and used them as toys to amuse their hours of recreation.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading They have either made slaves of the creatures whom God designed to be their companions and their coadjutors in every moral and intellectual improvement, or they have dressed them like dolls, and used them as toys to amuse their hours of recreation.

examinationnounUS /ɪɡˌzæməˈneɪʃən/

the act of examining something closely (as for mistakes)

From this reading 4th, 1837._ MY DEAR SISTER,--I design to devote this letter to a brief examination of the condition of women in Asia and Africa.

exercisenounUS /ˈeksərsaɪz/

the activity of exerting your muscles in various ways to keep fit

From this reading I believe it will be found that men, in the exercise of their usurped dominion over woman, have almost invariably done one of two things.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading I believe it will be found that men, in the exercise of their usurped dominion over woman, have almost invariably done one of two things.

GodnounUS /ɡɑːd/

the supernatural being conceived as the perfect and omnipotent and omniscient originator and ruler of the universe; the object of worship in monotheistic religions

From this reading They have either made slaves of the creatures whom God designed to be their companions and their coadjutors in every moral and intellectual improvement, or they have dressed them like dolls, and used them as toys to amuse their hours of recreation.

Groton

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Groton, 8th Mo.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading I believe it will be found that men, in the exercise of their usurped dominion over woman, have almost invariably done one of two things.

hoursnounUS /ˈaʊərz/

a period of time assigned for work

From this reading They have either made slaves of the creatures whom God designed to be their companions and their coadjutors in every moral and intellectual improvement, or they have dressed them like dolls, and used them as toys to amuse their hours of recreation.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading 4th, 1837._ MY DEAR SISTER,--I design to devote this letter to a brief examination of the condition of women in Asia and Africa.

improvementnounUS /ˌɪmˈpruːvmənt/

a change for the better; progress in development

From this reading They have either made slaves of the creatures whom God designed to be their companions and their coadjutors in every moral and intellectual improvement, or they have dressed them like dolls, and used them as toys to amuse their hours of recreation.

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading CONDITION IN ASIA AND AFRICA.

intellectualadjectiveUS /ˌɪntəˈlektʃuːəl/

of or associated with or requiring the use of the mind

From this reading They have either made slaves of the creatures whom God designed to be their companions and their coadjutors in every moral and intellectual improvement, or they have dressed them like dolls, and used them as toys to amuse their hours of recreation.

invariablyadverbUS /ˌɪnˈveriəbli/

without variation or change, in every case

From this reading I believe it will be found that men, in the exercise of their usurped dominion over woman, have almost invariably done one of two things.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading I believe it will be found that men, in the exercise of their usurped dominion over woman, have almost invariably done one of two things.

letternounUS /ˈletər/

a written message addressed to a person or organization

From this reading 4th, 1837._ MY DEAR SISTER,--I design to devote this letter to a brief examination of the condition of women in Asia and Africa.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading They have either made slaves of the creatures whom God designed to be their companions and their coadjutors in every moral and intellectual improvement, or they have dressed them like dolls, and used them as toys to amuse their hours of recreation.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading They have either made slaves of the creatures whom God designed to be their companions and their coadjutors in every moral and intellectual improvement, or they have dressed them like dolls, and used them as toys to amuse their hours of recreation.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading I believe it will be found that men, in the exercise of their usurped dominion over woman, have almost invariably done one of two things.

MonounUS /moʊ/

an indefinitely short time

From this reading _Groton, 8th Mo.

moraladjectiveUS /ˈmɔːrəl/

concerned with principles of right and wrong or conforming to standards of behavior and character based on those principles

From this reading They have either made slaves of the creatures whom God designed to be their companions and their coadjutors in every moral and intellectual improvement, or they have dressed them like dolls, and used them as toys to amuse their hours of recreation.

MYdeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading 4th, 1837._ MY DEAR SISTER,--I design to devote this letter to a brief examination of the condition of women in Asia and Africa.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading 4th, 1837._ MY DEAR SISTER,--I design to devote this letter to a brief examination of the condition of women in Asia and Africa.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading I believe it will be found that men, in the exercise of their usurped dominion over woman, have almost invariably done one of two things.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading They have either made slaves of the creatures whom God designed to be their companions and their coadjutors in every moral and intellectual improvement, or they have dressed them like dolls, and used them as toys to amuse their hours of recreation.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading I believe it will be found that men, in the exercise of their usurped dominion over woman, have almost invariably done one of two things.

recreationnounUS /ˌrekriˈeɪʃən/

an activity that diverts or amuses or stimulates

From this reading They have either made slaves of the creatures whom God designed to be their companions and their coadjutors in every moral and intellectual improvement, or they have dressed them like dolls, and used them as toys to amuse their hours of recreation.

SISTERnounUS /ˈsɪstər/

a female person who has the same parents as another person

From this reading 4th, 1837._ MY DEAR SISTER,--I design to devote this letter to a brief examination of the condition of women in Asia and Africa.

slavesnounUS /sleɪvz/

plural of “slave” — a person who is owned by someone

From this reading They have either made slaves of the creatures whom God designed to be their companions and their coadjutors in every moral and intellectual improvement, or they have dressed them like dolls, and used them as toys to amuse their hours of recreation.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading I believe it will be found that men, in the exercise of their usurped dominion over woman, have almost invariably done one of two things.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading 4th, 1837._ MY DEAR SISTER,--I design to devote this letter to a brief examination of the condition of women in Asia and Africa.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading I believe it will be found that men, in the exercise of their usurped dominion over woman, have almost invariably done one of two things.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading They have either made slaves of the creatures whom God designed to be their companions and their coadjutors in every moral and intellectual improvement, or they have dressed them like dolls, and used them as toys to amuse their hours of recreation.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They have either made slaves of the creatures whom God designed to be their companions and their coadjutors in every moral and intellectual improvement, or they have dressed them like dolls, and used them as toys to amuse their hours of recreation.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading I believe it will be found that men, in the exercise of their usurped dominion over woman, have almost invariably done one of two things.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading 4th, 1837._ MY DEAR SISTER,--I design to devote this letter to a brief examination of the condition of women in Asia and Africa.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading 4th, 1837._ MY DEAR SISTER,--I design to devote this letter to a brief examination of the condition of women in Asia and Africa.

toysnounUS /tɔɪz/

plural of “toy” — an artifact designed to be played with

From this reading They have either made slaves of the creatures whom God designed to be their companions and their coadjutors in every moral and intellectual improvement, or they have dressed them like dolls, and used them as toys to amuse their hours of recreation.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading I believe it will be found that men, in the exercise of their usurped dominion over woman, have almost invariably done one of two things.

usedadjectiveUS /juːzd/

employed in accomplishing something

From this reading They have either made slaves of the creatures whom God designed to be their companions and their coadjutors in every moral and intellectual improvement, or they have dressed them like dolls, and used them as toys to amuse their hours of recreation.

usurpedverbUS /ˌjuːˈsɜːrpt/

past form of “usurp” — seize and take control without authority and possibly with force; take as one's right or possession

From this reading I believe it will be found that men, in the exercise of their usurped dominion over woman, have almost invariably done one of two things.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading They have either made slaves of the creatures whom God designed to be their companions and their coadjutors in every moral and intellectual improvement, or they have dressed them like dolls, and used them as toys to amuse their hours of recreation.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading I believe it will be found that men, in the exercise of their usurped dominion over woman, have almost invariably done one of two things.

womannounUS /ˈwʊmən/

an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading I believe it will be found that men, in the exercise of their usurped dominion over woman, have almost invariably done one of two things.

womennounUS /ˈwɪmən/

plural of “woman” — an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading 4th, 1837._ MY DEAR SISTER,--I design to devote this letter to a brief examination of the condition of women in Asia and Africa.

Chapter 5 of Letters on the equality of the sexes, and the condition of woman by Sarah Grimké holds 52 sentences, grouped into 11 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 5 of Letters on the equality of the sexes, and the condition of woman contain?

Chapter 5 holds 52 sentences of Letters on the equality of the sexes, and the condition of woman, unabridged, divided into 11 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 5 of Letters on the equality of the sexes, and the condition of woman by Sarah Grimké exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 52 sentences, grouped into 11 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 5 of Letters on the equality of the sexes, and the condition of woman?

Work through the 11 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 11 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 5 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 5 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Letters on the equality of the sexes, and the condition of woman

Common questions about reading Letters on the equality of the sexes, and the condition of woman by Sarah Grimké on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Letters on the equality of the sexes, and the condition of woman?

Yes. All 1209 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #69485 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #69485, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 100 minutes of reading across 242 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Letters on the equality of the sexes, and the condition of woman

Words and structures a reader meets early in Letters on the equality of the sexes, and the condition of woman, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Original
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters on the equality of the sexes, and the condition of woman; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Equality
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters on the equality of the sexes, and the condition of woman; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Woman
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters on the equality of the sexes, and the condition of woman; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Amesbury
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters on the equality of the sexes, and the condition of woman; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.