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Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art
Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art is here in full — 14 sentences across 3 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/2 · 5 lines
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DEAR BOY: You are by this time (I suppose) quite settled and at home at Lausanne; therefore pray let me know how you pass your time there, and what your studies, your amusements, and your acquaintances are.
I take it for granted, that you inform yourself daily of the nature of the government and constitution of the Thirteen Cantons; and as I am ignorant of them myself, must apply to you for information.
I know the names, but I do not know the nature of some of the most considerable offices there; such as the Avoyers, the Seizeniers, the Banderets, and the Gros Sautier.
I desire, therefore, that you will let me know what is the particular business, department, or province of these several magistrates.
But as I imagine that there may be some, though, I believe, no essential difference, in the governments of the several Cantons, I would not give you the trouble of informing yourself of each of them; but confine my inquiries, as you may your informations, to the Canton you reside in, that of Berne, which I take to be the principal one.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art is here in full — 14 sentences across 3 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/2 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
DEAR BOY: You are by this time (I suppose) quite settled and at home at Lausanne; therefore pray let me know how you pass your time there, and what your studies, your amusements, and your acquaintances are.
Line 2
I take it for granted, that you inform yourself daily of the nature of the government and constitution of the Thirteen Cantons; and as I am ignorant of them myself, must apply to you for information.
/aɪ teɪk ɪt fɔːr ˈɡræntəd ðæt juː ˌɪnˈfɔːrm jərˈself ˈdeɪli ʌv ðə ˈneɪtʃər ʌv ðə ˈɡʌvərmənt ənd ˌkɑːnstəˈtuːʃən ʌv ðə ˈθɜːrˈtiːn ˈkæntənz ənd æz aɪ æm ˈɪɡnərənt ʌv ðem ˌmaɪˈself mʌst əˈplaɪ tuː juː fɔːr ˌɪnfərˈmeɪʃən/
Line 3
I know the names, but I do not know the nature of some of the most considerable offices there; such as the Avoyers, the Seizeniers, the Banderets, and the Gros Sautier.
Line 4
I desire, therefore, that you will let me know what is the particular business, department, or province of these several magistrates.
/aɪ dɪˈzaɪər ˈðerfɔːr ðæt juː wɪl let miː noʊ wʌt ɪz ðə pərˈtɪkjələr ˈbɪznəs dɪˈpɑːrtmənt ɔːr ˈprɑːvəns ʌv ðiːz ˈsevrəl ˈmædʒɪstreɪts/
Line 5
But as I imagine that there may be some, though, I believe, no essential difference, in the governments of the several Cantons, I would not give you the trouble of informing yourself of each of them; but confine my inquiries, as you may your informations, to the Canton you reside in, that of Berne, which I take to be the principal one.
/bʌt æz aɪ ˌɪˈmædʒən ðæt ðer meɪ biː sʌm ðoʊ aɪ bɪˈliːv noʊ eˈsenʃəl ˈdɪfərəns ɪn ðə ˈɡʌvərmənts ʌv ðə ˈsevrəl ˈkæntənz aɪ wʊd nɑːt ɡɪv juː ðə ˈtrʌbəl ʌv ˌɪnˈfɔːrmɪŋ jərˈself ʌv iːtʃ ʌv ðem bʌt kənˈfaɪn maɪ ˌɪnˈkwaɪəriz æz juː meɪ jɔːr ˌɪnfərˈmeɪʃənz tuː ðə ˈkæntən juː rɪˈzaɪd ɪn ðæt ʌv bɜːrn wɪtʃ aɪ teɪk tuː biː ðə ˈprɪnsəpəl wʌn/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Berne noun US /bɜːrn/

the capital of Switzerland; located in western Switzerland

From this reading “But as I imagine that there may be some, though, I believe, no essential difference, in the governments of the several Cantons, I would not give you the trouble of informing yourself of each of them; but confine my inquiries, as you may your informations, to the Canton you reside in, that of Berne, which I take to be the principal one.”

Canton noun US /ˈkæntən/

a city on the Zhu Jiang delta in southern China; the capital of Guangdong province and a major deep-water port

From this reading “But as I imagine that there may be some, though, I believe, no essential difference, in the governments of the several Cantons, I would not give you the trouble of informing yourself of each of them; but confine my inquiries, as you may your informations, to the Canton you reside in, that of Berne, which I take to be the principal one.”

Cantons noun US /ˈkæntənz/

plural of “canton” — a city on the Zhu Jiang delta in southern China; the capital of Guangdong province and a major deep-water port

From this reading “I take it for granted, that you inform yourself daily of the nature of the government and constitution of the Thirteen Cantons; and as I am ignorant of them myself, must apply to you for information.”

confine verb US /kənˈfaɪn/

place limits on (extent or amount or access)

From this reading “But as I imagine that there may be some, though, I believe, no essential difference, in the governments of the several Cantons, I would not give you the trouble of informing yourself of each of them; but confine my inquiries, as you may your informations, to the Canton you reside in, that of Berne, which I take to be the principal one.”

governments noun US /ˈɡʌvərmənts/

plural of “government” — the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

From this reading “But as I imagine that there may be some, though, I believe, no essential difference, in the governments of the several Cantons, I would not give you the trouble of informing yourself of each of them; but confine my inquiries, as you may your informations, to the Canton you reside in, that of Berne, which I take to be the principal one.”

informations noun US /ˌɪnfərˈmeɪʃənz/

plural of “information” — a message received and understood

From this reading “But as I imagine that there may be some, though, I believe, no essential difference, in the governments of the several Cantons, I would not give you the trouble of informing yourself of each of them; but confine my inquiries, as you may your informations, to the Canton you reside in, that of Berne, which I take to be the principal one.”

Lausanne noun US /ˌlɔːˈsæn/

a city in western Switzerland; cultural and commercial center

From this reading “DEAR BOY: You are by this time (I suppose) quite settled and at home at Lausanne; therefore pray let me know how you pass your time there, and what your studies, your amusements, and your acquaintances are.”

reside verb US /rɪˈzaɪd/

make one's home in a particular place or community

From this reading “But as I imagine that there may be some, though, I believe, no essential difference, in the governments of the several Cantons, I would not give you the trouble of informing yourself of each of them; but confine my inquiries, as you may your informations, to the Canton you reside in, that of Berne, which I take to be the principal one.”

All words in this reading · 102

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

acquaintancesnounUS /əˈkweɪntənsɪz/

plural of “acquaintance” — personal knowledge or information about someone or something

From this reading DEAR BOY: You are by this time (I suppose) quite settled and at home at Lausanne; therefore pray let me know how you pass your time there, and what your studies, your amusements, and your acquaintances are.

amauxiliary verbUS /æm/

the form of “be” used with “I”

From this reading I take it for granted, that you inform yourself daily of the nature of the government and constitution of the Thirteen Cantons; and as I am ignorant of them myself, must apply to you for information.

amusementsnounUS /əˈmjuːzmənts/

plural of “amusement” — a feeling of delight at being entertained

From this reading DEAR BOY: You are by this time (I suppose) quite settled and at home at Lausanne; therefore pray let me know how you pass your time there, and what your studies, your amusements, and your acquaintances are.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading DEAR BOY: You are by this time (I suppose) quite settled and at home at Lausanne; therefore pray let me know how you pass your time there, and what your studies, your amusements, and your acquaintances are.

applyverbUS /əˈplaɪ/

put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose

From this reading I take it for granted, that you inform yourself daily of the nature of the government and constitution of the Thirteen Cantons; and as I am ignorant of them myself, must apply to you for information.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading DEAR BOY: You are by this time (I suppose) quite settled and at home at Lausanne; therefore pray let me know how you pass your time there, and what your studies, your amusements, and your acquaintances are.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading I take it for granted, that you inform yourself daily of the nature of the government and constitution of the Thirteen Cantons; and as I am ignorant of them myself, must apply to you for information.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading DEAR BOY: You are by this time (I suppose) quite settled and at home at Lausanne; therefore pray let me know how you pass your time there, and what your studies, your amusements, and your acquaintances are.

Avoyers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I know the names, but I do not know the nature of some of the most considerable offices there; such as the Avoyers, the Seizeniers, the Banderets, and the Gros Sautier.

Banderets

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I know the names, but I do not know the nature of some of the most considerable offices there; such as the Avoyers, the Seizeniers, the Banderets, and the Gros Sautier.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading But as I imagine that there may be some, though, I believe, no essential difference, in the governments of the several Cantons, I would not give you the trouble of informing yourself of each of them; but confine my inquiries, as you may your informations, to the Canton you reside in, that of Berne, which I take to be the principal one.

believeverbUS /bɪˈliːv/

accept as true; take to be true

From this reading But as I imagine that there may be some, though, I believe, no essential difference, in the governments of the several Cantons, I would not give you the trouble of informing yourself of each of them; but confine my inquiries, as you may your informations, to the Canton you reside in, that of Berne, which I take to be the principal one.

BernenounUS /bɜːrn/

the capital of Switzerland; located in western Switzerland

From this reading But as I imagine that there may be some, though, I believe, no essential difference, in the governments of the several Cantons, I would not give you the trouble of informing yourself of each of them; but confine my inquiries, as you may your informations, to the Canton you reside in, that of Berne, which I take to be the principal one.

BOYnounUS /bɔɪ/

a youthful male person

From this reading DEAR BOY: You are by this time (I suppose) quite settled and at home at Lausanne; therefore pray let me know how you pass your time there, and what your studies, your amusements, and your acquaintances are.

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading I desire, therefore, that you will let me know what is the particular business, department, or province of these several magistrates.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading I know the names, but I do not know the nature of some of the most considerable offices there; such as the Avoyers, the Seizeniers, the Banderets, and the Gros Sautier.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading DEAR BOY: You are by this time (I suppose) quite settled and at home at Lausanne; therefore pray let me know how you pass your time there, and what your studies, your amusements, and your acquaintances are.

CantonnounUS /ˈkæntən/

a city on the Zhu Jiang delta in southern China; the capital of Guangdong province and a major deep-water port

From this reading But as I imagine that there may be some, though, I believe, no essential difference, in the governments of the several Cantons, I would not give you the trouble of informing yourself of each of them; but confine my inquiries, as you may your informations, to the Canton you reside in, that of Berne, which I take to be the principal one.

CantonsnounUS /ˈkæntənz/

plural of “canton” — a city on the Zhu Jiang delta in southern China; the capital of Guangdong province and a major deep-water port

From this reading I take it for granted, that you inform yourself daily of the nature of the government and constitution of the Thirteen Cantons; and as I am ignorant of them myself, must apply to you for information.

confineverbUS /kənˈfaɪn/

place limits on (extent or amount or access)

From this reading But as I imagine that there may be some, though, I believe, no essential difference, in the governments of the several Cantons, I would not give you the trouble of informing yourself of each of them; but confine my inquiries, as you may your informations, to the Canton you reside in, that of Berne, which I take to be the principal one.

considerableadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərəbəl/

large or relatively large in number or amount or extent or degree

From this reading I know the names, but I do not know the nature of some of the most considerable offices there; such as the Avoyers, the Seizeniers, the Banderets, and the Gros Sautier.

constitutionnounUS /ˌkɑːnstəˈtuːʃən/

law determining the fundamental political principles of a government

From this reading I take it for granted, that you inform yourself daily of the nature of the government and constitution of the Thirteen Cantons; and as I am ignorant of them myself, must apply to you for information.

dailyadverbUS /ˈdeɪli/

every day; without missing a day

From this reading I take it for granted, that you inform yourself daily of the nature of the government and constitution of the Thirteen Cantons; and as I am ignorant of them myself, must apply to you for information.

DEARadjectiveUS /dɪr/

dearly loved

From this reading DEAR BOY: You are by this time (I suppose) quite settled and at home at Lausanne; therefore pray let me know how you pass your time there, and what your studies, your amusements, and your acquaintances are.

departmentnounUS /dɪˈpɑːrtmənt/

a specialized division of a large organization

From this reading I desire, therefore, that you will let me know what is the particular business, department, or province of these several magistrates.

desirenounUS /dɪˈzaɪər/

the feeling that accompanies an unsatisfied state

From this reading I desire, therefore, that you will let me know what is the particular business, department, or province of these several magistrates.

differencenounUS /ˈdɪfərəns/

the quality of being unlike or dissimilar

From this reading But as I imagine that there may be some, though, I believe, no essential difference, in the governments of the several Cantons, I would not give you the trouble of informing yourself of each of them; but confine my inquiries, as you may your informations, to the Canton you reside in, that of Berne, which I take to be the principal one.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading I know the names, but I do not know the nature of some of the most considerable offices there; such as the Avoyers, the Seizeniers, the Banderets, and the Gros Sautier.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading But as I imagine that there may be some, though, I believe, no essential difference, in the governments of the several Cantons, I would not give you the trouble of informing yourself of each of them; but confine my inquiries, as you may your informations, to the Canton you reside in, that of Berne, which I take to be the principal one.

essentialadjectiveUS /eˈsenʃəl/

absolutely necessary; vitally necessary

From this reading But as I imagine that there may be some, though, I believe, no essential difference, in the governments of the several Cantons, I would not give you the trouble of informing yourself of each of them; but confine my inquiries, as you may your informations, to the Canton you reside in, that of Berne, which I take to be the principal one.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading I take it for granted, that you inform yourself daily of the nature of the government and constitution of the Thirteen Cantons; and as I am ignorant of them myself, must apply to you for information.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading But as I imagine that there may be some, though, I believe, no essential difference, in the governments of the several Cantons, I would not give you the trouble of informing yourself of each of them; but confine my inquiries, as you may your informations, to the Canton you reside in, that of Berne, which I take to be the principal one.

governmentnounUS /ˈɡʌvərmənt/

the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

From this reading I take it for granted, that you inform yourself daily of the nature of the government and constitution of the Thirteen Cantons; and as I am ignorant of them myself, must apply to you for information.

governmentsnounUS /ˈɡʌvərmənts/

plural of “government” — the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

From this reading But as I imagine that there may be some, though, I believe, no essential difference, in the governments of the several Cantons, I would not give you the trouble of informing yourself of each of them; but confine my inquiries, as you may your informations, to the Canton you reside in, that of Berne, which I take to be the principal one.

grantedadjectiveUS /ˈɡræntəd/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading I take it for granted, that you inform yourself daily of the nature of the government and constitution of the Thirteen Cantons; and as I am ignorant of them myself, must apply to you for information.

Gros

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I know the names, but I do not know the nature of some of the most considerable offices there; such as the Avoyers, the Seizeniers, the Banderets, and the Gros Sautier.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading DEAR BOY: You are by this time (I suppose) quite settled and at home at Lausanne; therefore pray let me know how you pass your time there, and what your studies, your amusements, and your acquaintances are.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading DEAR BOY: You are by this time (I suppose) quite settled and at home at Lausanne; therefore pray let me know how you pass your time there, and what your studies, your amusements, and your acquaintances are.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading DEAR BOY: You are by this time (I suppose) quite settled and at home at Lausanne; therefore pray let me know how you pass your time there, and what your studies, your amusements, and your acquaintances are.

ignorantadjectiveUS /ˈɪɡnərənt/

uneducated in general; lacking knowledge or sophistication

From this reading I take it for granted, that you inform yourself daily of the nature of the government and constitution of the Thirteen Cantons; and as I am ignorant of them myself, must apply to you for information.

imagineverbUS /ˌɪˈmædʒən/

form a mental image of something that is not present or that is not the case

From this reading But as I imagine that there may be some, though, I believe, no essential difference, in the governments of the several Cantons, I would not give you the trouble of informing yourself of each of them; but confine my inquiries, as you may your informations, to the Canton you reside in, that of Berne, which I take to be the principal one.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading But as I imagine that there may be some, though, I believe, no essential difference, in the governments of the several Cantons, I would not give you the trouble of informing yourself of each of them; but confine my inquiries, as you may your informations, to the Canton you reside in, that of Berne, which I take to be the principal one.

informverbUS /ˌɪnˈfɔːrm/

impart knowledge of some fact, state of affairs, or event to

From this reading I take it for granted, that you inform yourself daily of the nature of the government and constitution of the Thirteen Cantons; and as I am ignorant of them myself, must apply to you for information.

informationnounUS /ˌɪnfərˈmeɪʃən/

a message received and understood

From this reading I take it for granted, that you inform yourself daily of the nature of the government and constitution of the Thirteen Cantons; and as I am ignorant of them myself, must apply to you for information.

informationsnounUS /ˌɪnfərˈmeɪʃənz/

plural of “information” — a message received and understood

From this reading But as I imagine that there may be some, though, I believe, no essential difference, in the governments of the several Cantons, I would not give you the trouble of informing yourself of each of them; but confine my inquiries, as you may your informations, to the Canton you reside in, that of Berne, which I take to be the principal one.

informingnounUS /ˌɪnˈfɔːrmɪŋ/

to furnish incriminating evidence to an officer of the law (usually in return for favors)

From this reading But as I imagine that there may be some, though, I believe, no essential difference, in the governments of the several Cantons, I would not give you the trouble of informing yourself of each of them; but confine my inquiries, as you may your informations, to the Canton you reside in, that of Berne, which I take to be the principal one.

inquiriesnounUS /ˌɪnˈkwaɪəriz/

plural of “inquiry” — a search for knowledge

From this reading But as I imagine that there may be some, though, I believe, no essential difference, in the governments of the several Cantons, I would not give you the trouble of informing yourself of each of them; but confine my inquiries, as you may your informations, to the Canton you reside in, that of Berne, which I take to be the principal one.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading I desire, therefore, that you will let me know what is the particular business, department, or province of these several magistrates.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading I take it for granted, that you inform yourself daily of the nature of the government and constitution of the Thirteen Cantons; and as I am ignorant of them myself, must apply to you for information.

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading DEAR BOY: You are by this time (I suppose) quite settled and at home at Lausanne; therefore pray let me know how you pass your time there, and what your studies, your amusements, and your acquaintances are.

LausannenounUS /ˌlɔːˈsæn/

a city in western Switzerland; cultural and commercial center

From this reading DEAR BOY: You are by this time (I suppose) quite settled and at home at Lausanne; therefore pray let me know how you pass your time there, and what your studies, your amusements, and your acquaintances are.

letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading DEAR BOY: You are by this time (I suppose) quite settled and at home at Lausanne; therefore pray let me know how you pass your time there, and what your studies, your amusements, and your acquaintances are.

magistratesnounUS /ˈmædʒɪstreɪts/

plural of “magistrate” — a lay judge or civil authority who administers the law (especially one who conducts a court dealing with minor offenses)

From this reading I desire, therefore, that you will let me know what is the particular business, department, or province of these several magistrates.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading But as I imagine that there may be some, though, I believe, no essential difference, in the governments of the several Cantons, I would not give you the trouble of informing yourself of each of them; but confine my inquiries, as you may your informations, to the Canton you reside in, that of Berne, which I take to be the principal one.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading DEAR BOY: You are by this time (I suppose) quite settled and at home at Lausanne; therefore pray let me know how you pass your time there, and what your studies, your amusements, and your acquaintances are.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading I know the names, but I do not know the nature of some of the most considerable offices there; such as the Avoyers, the Seizeniers, the Banderets, and the Gros Sautier.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading I take it for granted, that you inform yourself daily of the nature of the government and constitution of the Thirteen Cantons; and as I am ignorant of them myself, must apply to you for information.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading But as I imagine that there may be some, though, I believe, no essential difference, in the governments of the several Cantons, I would not give you the trouble of informing yourself of each of them; but confine my inquiries, as you may your informations, to the Canton you reside in, that of Berne, which I take to be the principal one.

myselfpronounUS /ˌmaɪˈself/

used when the speaker is also the object of the action

From this reading I take it for granted, that you inform yourself daily of the nature of the government and constitution of the Thirteen Cantons; and as I am ignorant of them myself, must apply to you for information.

namesnounUS /neɪmz/

verbal abuse; a crude substitute for argument

From this reading I know the names, but I do not know the nature of some of the most considerable offices there; such as the Avoyers, the Seizeniers, the Banderets, and the Gros Sautier.

naturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading I take it for granted, that you inform yourself daily of the nature of the government and constitution of the Thirteen Cantons; and as I am ignorant of them myself, must apply to you for information.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading But as I imagine that there may be some, though, I believe, no essential difference, in the governments of the several Cantons, I would not give you the trouble of informing yourself of each of them; but confine my inquiries, as you may your informations, to the Canton you reside in, that of Berne, which I take to be the principal one.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading I know the names, but I do not know the nature of some of the most considerable offices there; such as the Avoyers, the Seizeniers, the Banderets, and the Gros Sautier.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading I take it for granted, that you inform yourself daily of the nature of the government and constitution of the Thirteen Cantons; and as I am ignorant of them myself, must apply to you for information.

officesnounUS /ˈɔːfəsəz/

plural of “office” — place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed

From this reading I know the names, but I do not know the nature of some of the most considerable offices there; such as the Avoyers, the Seizeniers, the Banderets, and the Gros Sautier.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading But as I imagine that there may be some, though, I believe, no essential difference, in the governments of the several Cantons, I would not give you the trouble of informing yourself of each of them; but confine my inquiries, as you may your informations, to the Canton you reside in, that of Berne, which I take to be the principal one.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading I desire, therefore, that you will let me know what is the particular business, department, or province of these several magistrates.

particularadjectiveUS /pərˈtɪkjələr/

unique or specific to a person or thing or category

From this reading I desire, therefore, that you will let me know what is the particular business, department, or province of these several magistrates.

passverbUS /pæs/

go across or through

From this reading DEAR BOY: You are by this time (I suppose) quite settled and at home at Lausanne; therefore pray let me know how you pass your time there, and what your studies, your amusements, and your acquaintances are.

prayverbUS /preɪ/

address a deity, a prophet, a saint or an object of worship; say a prayer

From this reading DEAR BOY: You are by this time (I suppose) quite settled and at home at Lausanne; therefore pray let me know how you pass your time there, and what your studies, your amusements, and your acquaintances are.

principalnounUS /ˈprɪnsəpəl/

the original amount of a debt on which interest is calculated

From this reading But as I imagine that there may be some, though, I believe, no essential difference, in the governments of the several Cantons, I would not give you the trouble of informing yourself of each of them; but confine my inquiries, as you may your informations, to the Canton you reside in, that of Berne, which I take to be the principal one.

provincenounUS /ˈprɑːvəns/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading I desire, therefore, that you will let me know what is the particular business, department, or province of these several magistrates.

quiteadverbUS /kwaɪt/

to a degree (not used with a negative)

From this reading DEAR BOY: You are by this time (I suppose) quite settled and at home at Lausanne; therefore pray let me know how you pass your time there, and what your studies, your amusements, and your acquaintances are.

resideverbUS /rɪˈzaɪd/

make one's home in a particular place or community

From this reading But as I imagine that there may be some, though, I believe, no essential difference, in the governments of the several Cantons, I would not give you the trouble of informing yourself of each of them; but confine my inquiries, as you may your informations, to the Canton you reside in, that of Berne, which I take to be the principal one.

Sautier

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I know the names, but I do not know the nature of some of the most considerable offices there; such as the Avoyers, the Seizeniers, the Banderets, and the Gros Sautier.

Seizeniers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I know the names, but I do not know the nature of some of the most considerable offices there; such as the Avoyers, the Seizeniers, the Banderets, and the Gros Sautier.

settledadjectiveUS /ˈsetəld/

established or decided beyond dispute or doubt

From this reading DEAR BOY: You are by this time (I suppose) quite settled and at home at Lausanne; therefore pray let me know how you pass your time there, and what your studies, your amusements, and your acquaintances are.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading I desire, therefore, that you will let me know what is the particular business, department, or province of these several magistrates.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading I know the names, but I do not know the nature of some of the most considerable offices there; such as the Avoyers, the Seizeniers, the Banderets, and the Gros Sautier.

studiesnounUS /ˈstʌdiz/

plural of “study” — a detailed critical inspection

From this reading DEAR BOY: You are by this time (I suppose) quite settled and at home at Lausanne; therefore pray let me know how you pass your time there, and what your studies, your amusements, and your acquaintances are.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading I know the names, but I do not know the nature of some of the most considerable offices there; such as the Avoyers, the Seizeniers, the Banderets, and the Gros Sautier.

supposeverbUS /səˈpoʊz/

express a supposition

From this reading DEAR BOY: You are by this time (I suppose) quite settled and at home at Lausanne; therefore pray let me know how you pass your time there, and what your studies, your amusements, and your acquaintances are.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading I take it for granted, that you inform yourself daily of the nature of the government and constitution of the Thirteen Cantons; and as I am ignorant of them myself, must apply to you for information.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading I take it for granted, that you inform yourself daily of the nature of the government and constitution of the Thirteen Cantons; and as I am ignorant of them myself, must apply to you for information.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading I take it for granted, that you inform yourself daily of the nature of the government and constitution of the Thirteen Cantons; and as I am ignorant of them myself, must apply to you for information.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading I take it for granted, that you inform yourself daily of the nature of the government and constitution of the Thirteen Cantons; and as I am ignorant of them myself, must apply to you for information.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading DEAR BOY: You are by this time (I suppose) quite settled and at home at Lausanne; therefore pray let me know how you pass your time there, and what your studies, your amusements, and your acquaintances are.

thereforeadverbUS /ˈðerfɔːr/

for that reason; as a result

From this reading DEAR BOY: You are by this time (I suppose) quite settled and at home at Lausanne; therefore pray let me know how you pass your time there, and what your studies, your amusements, and your acquaintances are.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading I desire, therefore, that you will let me know what is the particular business, department, or province of these several magistrates.

ThirteennounUS /ˈθɜːrˈtiːn/

the cardinal number that is the sum of twelve and one

From this reading I take it for granted, that you inform yourself daily of the nature of the government and constitution of the Thirteen Cantons; and as I am ignorant of them myself, must apply to you for information.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading DEAR BOY: You are by this time (I suppose) quite settled and at home at Lausanne; therefore pray let me know how you pass your time there, and what your studies, your amusements, and your acquaintances are.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading But as I imagine that there may be some, though, I believe, no essential difference, in the governments of the several Cantons, I would not give you the trouble of informing yourself of each of them; but confine my inquiries, as you may your informations, to the Canton you reside in, that of Berne, which I take to be the principal one.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading DEAR BOY: You are by this time (I suppose) quite settled and at home at Lausanne; therefore pray let me know how you pass your time there, and what your studies, your amusements, and your acquaintances are.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading I take it for granted, that you inform yourself daily of the nature of the government and constitution of the Thirteen Cantons; and as I am ignorant of them myself, must apply to you for information.

troublenounUS /ˈtrʌbəl/

a source of difficulty

From this reading But as I imagine that there may be some, though, I believe, no essential difference, in the governments of the several Cantons, I would not give you the trouble of informing yourself of each of them; but confine my inquiries, as you may your informations, to the Canton you reside in, that of Berne, which I take to be the principal one.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading DEAR BOY: You are by this time (I suppose) quite settled and at home at Lausanne; therefore pray let me know how you pass your time there, and what your studies, your amusements, and your acquaintances are.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading But as I imagine that there may be some, though, I believe, no essential difference, in the governments of the several Cantons, I would not give you the trouble of informing yourself of each of them; but confine my inquiries, as you may your informations, to the Canton you reside in, that of Berne, which I take to be the principal one.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading I desire, therefore, that you will let me know what is the particular business, department, or province of these several magistrates.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading But as I imagine that there may be some, though, I believe, no essential difference, in the governments of the several Cantons, I would not give you the trouble of informing yourself of each of them; but confine my inquiries, as you may your informations, to the Canton you reside in, that of Berne, which I take to be the principal one.

YoupronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading DEAR BOY: You are by this time (I suppose) quite settled and at home at Lausanne; therefore pray let me know how you pass your time there, and what your studies, your amusements, and your acquaintances are.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading DEAR BOY: You are by this time (I suppose) quite settled and at home at Lausanne; therefore pray let me know how you pass your time there, and what your studies, your amusements, and your acquaintances are.

yourselfpronounUS /jərˈself/

used when the person spoken to is also the object of the action

From this reading I take it for granted, that you inform yourself daily of the nature of the government and constitution of the Thirteen Cantons; and as I am ignorant of them myself, must apply to you for information.

Chapter 2 of Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art by Philip Dormer Stanhope, Earl of Chesterfield holds 14 sentences, grouped into 3 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art contain?

Chapter 2 holds 14 sentences of Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art, unabridged, divided into 3 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art by Philip Dormer Stanhope, Earl of Chesterfield exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 14 sentences, grouped into 3 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art?

Work through the 3 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 3 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Vocabulary met early in Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art

Words and structures a reader meets early in Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

October
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Distresses
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Journey
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Heidelberg
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