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Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art
Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art is here in full — 33 sentences across 7 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art
Context Illustration Reading 1/6 · 5 lines
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LONDON, November 24, O. S.
1747 DEAR BOY: As often as I write to you (and that you know is pretty often), so often I am in doubt whether it is to any purpose, and whether it is not labor and paper lost.
This entirely depends upon the degree of reason and reflection which you are master of, or think proper to exert.
If you give yourself time to think, and have sense enough to think right, two reflections must necessarily occur to you; the one is, that I have a great deal of experience, and that you have none: the other is, that I am the only man living who cannot have, directly or indirectly, any interest concerning you, but your own.
From which two undeniable principles, the obvious and necessary conclusion is, that you ought, for your own sake, to attend to and follow my advice.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art is here in full — 33 sentences across 7 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/6 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
LONDON, November 24, O. S.
Line 2
1747 DEAR BOY: As often as I write to you (and that you know is pretty often), so often I am in doubt whether it is to any purpose, and whether it is not labor and paper lost.
Line 3
This entirely depends upon the degree of reason and reflection which you are master of, or think proper to exert.
/ðɪs ɪnˈtaɪərli dɪˈpendz əˈpɑːn ðə dɪˈɡriː ʌv ˈriːzən ənd rɪˈflekʃən wɪtʃ juː ɑːr ˈmæstər ʌv ɔːr θɪŋk ˈprɑːpər tuː ɪɡˈzɜːrt/
Line 4
If you give yourself time to think, and have sense enough to think right, two reflections must necessarily occur to you; the one is, that I have a great deal of experience, and that you have none: the other is, that I am the only man living who cannot have, directly or indirectly, any interest concerning you, but your own.
Line 5
From which two undeniable principles, the obvious and necessary conclusion is, that you ought, for your own sake, to attend to and follow my advice.
/frʌm wɪtʃ tuː ˌʌndɪˈnaɪəbəl ˈprɪnsəpəlz ðə ˈɑːbviəs ənd ˈnesəseri kənˈkluːʒən ɪz ðæt juː ɔːt fɔːr jɔːr oʊn seɪk tuː əˈtend tuː ənd ˈfɑːloʊ maɪ ædˈvaɪs/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

depends verb US /dɪˈpendz/

third-person singular of “depend” — be contingent upon (something that is elided)

From this reading “This entirely depends upon the degree of reason and reflection which you are master of, or think proper to exert.”

exert verb US /ɪɡˈzɜːrt/

put to use

From this reading “This entirely depends upon the degree of reason and reflection which you are master of, or think proper to exert.”

indirectly adverb US /ˌɪndərˈektliː/

not in a forthright manner

From this reading “If you give yourself time to think, and have sense enough to think right, two reflections must necessarily occur to you; the one is, that I have a great deal of experience, and that you have none: the other is, that I am the only man living who cannot have, directly or indirectly, any interest concerning you, but your own.”

necessarily adverb US /ˌnesəˈserəli/

in an essential manner

From this reading “If you give yourself time to think, and have sense enough to think right, two reflections must necessarily occur to you; the one is, that I have a great deal of experience, and that you have none: the other is, that I am the only man living who cannot have, directly or indirectly, any interest concerning you, but your own.”

November noun US /noʊˈvembər/

the month following October and preceding December

From this reading “LONDON, November 24, O. S.”

occur verb US /əˈkɜːr/

come to pass

From this reading “If you give yourself time to think, and have sense enough to think right, two reflections must necessarily occur to you; the one is, that I have a great deal of experience, and that you have none: the other is, that I am the only man living who cannot have, directly or indirectly, any interest concerning you, but your own.”

reflections noun US /rɪˈflekʃənz/

plural of “reflection” — a calm, lengthy, intent consideration

From this reading “If you give yourself time to think, and have sense enough to think right, two reflections must necessarily occur to you; the one is, that I have a great deal of experience, and that you have none: the other is, that I am the only man living who cannot have, directly or indirectly, any interest concerning you, but your own.”

undeniable adjective US /ˌʌndɪˈnaɪəbəl/

not possible to deny

From this reading “From which two undeniable principles, the obvious and necessary conclusion is, that you ought, for your own sake, to attend to and follow my advice.”

All words in this reading · 92

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1747

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 1747 DEAR BOY: As often as I write to you (and that you know is pretty often), so often I am in doubt whether it is to any purpose, and whether it is not labor and paper lost.

24

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading LONDON, November 24, O. S.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading If you give yourself time to think, and have sense enough to think right, two reflections must necessarily occur to you; the one is, that I have a great deal of experience, and that you have none: the other is, that I am the only man living who cannot have, directly or indirectly, any interest concerning you, but your own.

advicenounUS /ædˈvaɪs/

a proposal for an appropriate course of action

From this reading From which two undeniable principles, the obvious and necessary conclusion is, that you ought, for your own sake, to attend to and follow my advice.

amauxiliary verbUS /æm/

the form of “be” used with “I”

From this reading 1747 DEAR BOY: As often as I write to you (and that you know is pretty often), so often I am in doubt whether it is to any purpose, and whether it is not labor and paper lost.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading 1747 DEAR BOY: As often as I write to you (and that you know is pretty often), so often I am in doubt whether it is to any purpose, and whether it is not labor and paper lost.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading 1747 DEAR BOY: As often as I write to you (and that you know is pretty often), so often I am in doubt whether it is to any purpose, and whether it is not labor and paper lost.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading This entirely depends upon the degree of reason and reflection which you are master of, or think proper to exert.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading 1747 DEAR BOY: As often as I write to you (and that you know is pretty often), so often I am in doubt whether it is to any purpose, and whether it is not labor and paper lost.

attendverbUS /əˈtend/

be present at (meetings, church services, university), etc.

From this reading From which two undeniable principles, the obvious and necessary conclusion is, that you ought, for your own sake, to attend to and follow my advice.

BOYnounUS /bɔɪ/

a youthful male person

From this reading 1747 DEAR BOY: As often as I write to you (and that you know is pretty often), so often I am in doubt whether it is to any purpose, and whether it is not labor and paper lost.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading If you give yourself time to think, and have sense enough to think right, two reflections must necessarily occur to you; the one is, that I have a great deal of experience, and that you have none: the other is, that I am the only man living who cannot have, directly or indirectly, any interest concerning you, but your own.

cannot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If you give yourself time to think, and have sense enough to think right, two reflections must necessarily occur to you; the one is, that I have a great deal of experience, and that you have none: the other is, that I am the only man living who cannot have, directly or indirectly, any interest concerning you, but your own.

concerningverbUS /kənˈsɜːrnɪŋ/

-ing form of “concern” — be relevant to

From this reading If you give yourself time to think, and have sense enough to think right, two reflections must necessarily occur to you; the one is, that I have a great deal of experience, and that you have none: the other is, that I am the only man living who cannot have, directly or indirectly, any interest concerning you, but your own.

conclusionnounUS /kənˈkluːʒən/

a position or opinion or judgment reached after consideration

From this reading From which two undeniable principles, the obvious and necessary conclusion is, that you ought, for your own sake, to attend to and follow my advice.

dealverbUS /diːl/

act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression

From this reading If you give yourself time to think, and have sense enough to think right, two reflections must necessarily occur to you; the one is, that I have a great deal of experience, and that you have none: the other is, that I am the only man living who cannot have, directly or indirectly, any interest concerning you, but your own.

DEARadjectiveUS /dɪr/

dearly loved

From this reading 1747 DEAR BOY: As often as I write to you (and that you know is pretty often), so often I am in doubt whether it is to any purpose, and whether it is not labor and paper lost.

degreenounUS /dɪˈɡriː/

a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality

From this reading This entirely depends upon the degree of reason and reflection which you are master of, or think proper to exert.

dependsverbUS /dɪˈpendz/

third-person singular of “depend” — be contingent upon (something that is elided)

From this reading This entirely depends upon the degree of reason and reflection which you are master of, or think proper to exert.

directlyadverbUS /dərˈektli/

without deviation

From this reading If you give yourself time to think, and have sense enough to think right, two reflections must necessarily occur to you; the one is, that I have a great deal of experience, and that you have none: the other is, that I am the only man living who cannot have, directly or indirectly, any interest concerning you, but your own.

doubtnounUS /daʊt/

the state of being unsure of something

From this reading 1747 DEAR BOY: As often as I write to you (and that you know is pretty often), so often I am in doubt whether it is to any purpose, and whether it is not labor and paper lost.

enoughnounUS /ɪˈnʌf/

an adequate quantity; a quantity that is large enough to achieve a purpose

From this reading If you give yourself time to think, and have sense enough to think right, two reflections must necessarily occur to you; the one is, that I have a great deal of experience, and that you have none: the other is, that I am the only man living who cannot have, directly or indirectly, any interest concerning you, but your own.

entirelyadverbUS /ɪnˈtaɪərli/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading This entirely depends upon the degree of reason and reflection which you are master of, or think proper to exert.

exertverbUS /ɪɡˈzɜːrt/

put to use

From this reading This entirely depends upon the degree of reason and reflection which you are master of, or think proper to exert.

experienceverbUS /ɪkˈspɪriəns/

undergo or live through a difficult experience

From this reading If you give yourself time to think, and have sense enough to think right, two reflections must necessarily occur to you; the one is, that I have a great deal of experience, and that you have none: the other is, that I am the only man living who cannot have, directly or indirectly, any interest concerning you, but your own.

followverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊ/

to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading From which two undeniable principles, the obvious and necessary conclusion is, that you ought, for your own sake, to attend to and follow my advice.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading From which two undeniable principles, the obvious and necessary conclusion is, that you ought, for your own sake, to attend to and follow my advice.

FromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading From which two undeniable principles, the obvious and necessary conclusion is, that you ought, for your own sake, to attend to and follow my advice.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading If you give yourself time to think, and have sense enough to think right, two reflections must necessarily occur to you; the one is, that I have a great deal of experience, and that you have none: the other is, that I am the only man living who cannot have, directly or indirectly, any interest concerning you, but your own.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading If you give yourself time to think, and have sense enough to think right, two reflections must necessarily occur to you; the one is, that I have a great deal of experience, and that you have none: the other is, that I am the only man living who cannot have, directly or indirectly, any interest concerning you, but your own.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading If you give yourself time to think, and have sense enough to think right, two reflections must necessarily occur to you; the one is, that I have a great deal of experience, and that you have none: the other is, that I am the only man living who cannot have, directly or indirectly, any interest concerning you, but your own.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading 1747 DEAR BOY: As often as I write to you (and that you know is pretty often), so often I am in doubt whether it is to any purpose, and whether it is not labor and paper lost.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading If you give yourself time to think, and have sense enough to think right, two reflections must necessarily occur to you; the one is, that I have a great deal of experience, and that you have none: the other is, that I am the only man living who cannot have, directly or indirectly, any interest concerning you, but your own.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading 1747 DEAR BOY: As often as I write to you (and that you know is pretty often), so often I am in doubt whether it is to any purpose, and whether it is not labor and paper lost.

indirectlyadverbUS /ˌɪndərˈektliː/

not in a forthright manner

From this reading If you give yourself time to think, and have sense enough to think right, two reflections must necessarily occur to you; the one is, that I have a great deal of experience, and that you have none: the other is, that I am the only man living who cannot have, directly or indirectly, any interest concerning you, but your own.

interestnounUS /ˈɪntrəst/

a sense of concern with and curiosity about someone or something

From this reading If you give yourself time to think, and have sense enough to think right, two reflections must necessarily occur to you; the one is, that I have a great deal of experience, and that you have none: the other is, that I am the only man living who cannot have, directly or indirectly, any interest concerning you, but your own.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading 1747 DEAR BOY: As often as I write to you (and that you know is pretty often), so often I am in doubt whether it is to any purpose, and whether it is not labor and paper lost.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading 1747 DEAR BOY: As often as I write to you (and that you know is pretty often), so often I am in doubt whether it is to any purpose, and whether it is not labor and paper lost.

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading 1747 DEAR BOY: As often as I write to you (and that you know is pretty often), so often I am in doubt whether it is to any purpose, and whether it is not labor and paper lost.

labornounUS /ˈleɪbər/

a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages

From this reading 1747 DEAR BOY: As often as I write to you (and that you know is pretty often), so often I am in doubt whether it is to any purpose, and whether it is not labor and paper lost.

livingnounUS /ˈlɪvɪŋ/

the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities

From this reading If you give yourself time to think, and have sense enough to think right, two reflections must necessarily occur to you; the one is, that I have a great deal of experience, and that you have none: the other is, that I am the only man living who cannot have, directly or indirectly, any interest concerning you, but your own.

LONDONnounUS /ˈlʌndən/

the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center

From this reading LONDON, November 24, O. S.

lostadjectiveUS /lɔːst/

no longer in your possession or control; unable to be found or recovered

From this reading 1747 DEAR BOY: As often as I write to you (and that you know is pretty often), so often I am in doubt whether it is to any purpose, and whether it is not labor and paper lost.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading If you give yourself time to think, and have sense enough to think right, two reflections must necessarily occur to you; the one is, that I have a great deal of experience, and that you have none: the other is, that I am the only man living who cannot have, directly or indirectly, any interest concerning you, but your own.

masternounUS /ˈmæstər/

an artist of consummate skill

From this reading This entirely depends upon the degree of reason and reflection which you are master of, or think proper to exert.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading If you give yourself time to think, and have sense enough to think right, two reflections must necessarily occur to you; the one is, that I have a great deal of experience, and that you have none: the other is, that I am the only man living who cannot have, directly or indirectly, any interest concerning you, but your own.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading From which two undeniable principles, the obvious and necessary conclusion is, that you ought, for your own sake, to attend to and follow my advice.

necessarilyadverbUS /ˌnesəˈserəli/

in an essential manner

From this reading If you give yourself time to think, and have sense enough to think right, two reflections must necessarily occur to you; the one is, that I have a great deal of experience, and that you have none: the other is, that I am the only man living who cannot have, directly or indirectly, any interest concerning you, but your own.

necessaryadjectiveUS /ˈnesəseri/

absolutely essential

From this reading From which two undeniable principles, the obvious and necessary conclusion is, that you ought, for your own sake, to attend to and follow my advice.

nonepronounUS /nʌn/

not one, and not any

From this reading If you give yourself time to think, and have sense enough to think right, two reflections must necessarily occur to you; the one is, that I have a great deal of experience, and that you have none: the other is, that I am the only man living who cannot have, directly or indirectly, any interest concerning you, but your own.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading 1747 DEAR BOY: As often as I write to you (and that you know is pretty often), so often I am in doubt whether it is to any purpose, and whether it is not labor and paper lost.

NovembernounUS /noʊˈvembər/

the month following October and preceding December

From this reading LONDON, November 24, O. S.

OnounUS /oʊ/

a nonmetallic bivalent element that is normally a colorless odorless tasteless nonflammable diatomic gas; constitutes 21 percent of the atmosphere by volume; the most abundant element in the earth's crust

From this reading LONDON, November 24, O. S.

obviousadjectiveUS /ˈɑːbviəs/

easily perceived by the senses or grasped by the mind

From this reading From which two undeniable principles, the obvious and necessary conclusion is, that you ought, for your own sake, to attend to and follow my advice.

occurverbUS /əˈkɜːr/

come to pass

From this reading If you give yourself time to think, and have sense enough to think right, two reflections must necessarily occur to you; the one is, that I have a great deal of experience, and that you have none: the other is, that I am the only man living who cannot have, directly or indirectly, any interest concerning you, but your own.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading This entirely depends upon the degree of reason and reflection which you are master of, or think proper to exert.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading 1747 DEAR BOY: As often as I write to you (and that you know is pretty often), so often I am in doubt whether it is to any purpose, and whether it is not labor and paper lost.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading If you give yourself time to think, and have sense enough to think right, two reflections must necessarily occur to you; the one is, that I have a great deal of experience, and that you have none: the other is, that I am the only man living who cannot have, directly or indirectly, any interest concerning you, but your own.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading If you give yourself time to think, and have sense enough to think right, two reflections must necessarily occur to you; the one is, that I have a great deal of experience, and that you have none: the other is, that I am the only man living who cannot have, directly or indirectly, any interest concerning you, but your own.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading This entirely depends upon the degree of reason and reflection which you are master of, or think proper to exert.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading If you give yourself time to think, and have sense enough to think right, two reflections must necessarily occur to you; the one is, that I have a great deal of experience, and that you have none: the other is, that I am the only man living who cannot have, directly or indirectly, any interest concerning you, but your own.

oughtmodal verbUS /ɔːt/

used with “to” to say what is right or advisable

From this reading From which two undeniable principles, the obvious and necessary conclusion is, that you ought, for your own sake, to attend to and follow my advice.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading If you give yourself time to think, and have sense enough to think right, two reflections must necessarily occur to you; the one is, that I have a great deal of experience, and that you have none: the other is, that I am the only man living who cannot have, directly or indirectly, any interest concerning you, but your own.

papernounUS /ˈpeɪpər/

a material made of cellulose pulp derived mainly from wood or rags or certain grasses

From this reading 1747 DEAR BOY: As often as I write to you (and that you know is pretty often), so often I am in doubt whether it is to any purpose, and whether it is not labor and paper lost.

prettyadjectiveUS /ˈprɪti/

pleasing by delicacy or grace; not imposing

From this reading 1747 DEAR BOY: As often as I write to you (and that you know is pretty often), so often I am in doubt whether it is to any purpose, and whether it is not labor and paper lost.

principlesnounUS /ˈprɪnsəpəlz/

plural of “principle” — a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct

From this reading From which two undeniable principles, the obvious and necessary conclusion is, that you ought, for your own sake, to attend to and follow my advice.

properadjectiveUS /ˈprɑːpər/

marked by suitability or rightness or appropriateness

From this reading This entirely depends upon the degree of reason and reflection which you are master of, or think proper to exert.

purposenounUS /ˈpɜːrpəs/

an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading 1747 DEAR BOY: As often as I write to you (and that you know is pretty often), so often I am in doubt whether it is to any purpose, and whether it is not labor and paper lost.

reasonnounUS /ˈriːzən/

a rational motive for a belief or action

From this reading This entirely depends upon the degree of reason and reflection which you are master of, or think proper to exert.

reflectionnounUS /rɪˈflekʃən/

a calm, lengthy, intent consideration

From this reading This entirely depends upon the degree of reason and reflection which you are master of, or think proper to exert.

reflectionsnounUS /rɪˈflekʃənz/

plural of “reflection” — a calm, lengthy, intent consideration

From this reading If you give yourself time to think, and have sense enough to think right, two reflections must necessarily occur to you; the one is, that I have a great deal of experience, and that you have none: the other is, that I am the only man living who cannot have, directly or indirectly, any interest concerning you, but your own.

rightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading If you give yourself time to think, and have sense enough to think right, two reflections must necessarily occur to you; the one is, that I have a great deal of experience, and that you have none: the other is, that I am the only man living who cannot have, directly or indirectly, any interest concerning you, but your own.

SnounUS /es/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading LONDON, November 24, O. S.

sakenounUS /seɪk/

a reason for wanting something done

From this reading From which two undeniable principles, the obvious and necessary conclusion is, that you ought, for your own sake, to attend to and follow my advice.

sensenounUS /sens/

a general conscious awareness

From this reading If you give yourself time to think, and have sense enough to think right, two reflections must necessarily occur to you; the one is, that I have a great deal of experience, and that you have none: the other is, that I am the only man living who cannot have, directly or indirectly, any interest concerning you, but your own.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading 1747 DEAR BOY: As often as I write to you (and that you know is pretty often), so often I am in doubt whether it is to any purpose, and whether it is not labor and paper lost.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading 1747 DEAR BOY: As often as I write to you (and that you know is pretty often), so often I am in doubt whether it is to any purpose, and whether it is not labor and paper lost.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading This entirely depends upon the degree of reason and reflection which you are master of, or think proper to exert.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading This entirely depends upon the degree of reason and reflection which you are master of, or think proper to exert.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This entirely depends upon the degree of reason and reflection which you are master of, or think proper to exert.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading If you give yourself time to think, and have sense enough to think right, two reflections must necessarily occur to you; the one is, that I have a great deal of experience, and that you have none: the other is, that I am the only man living who cannot have, directly or indirectly, any interest concerning you, but your own.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading 1747 DEAR BOY: As often as I write to you (and that you know is pretty often), so often I am in doubt whether it is to any purpose, and whether it is not labor and paper lost.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading If you give yourself time to think, and have sense enough to think right, two reflections must necessarily occur to you; the one is, that I have a great deal of experience, and that you have none: the other is, that I am the only man living who cannot have, directly or indirectly, any interest concerning you, but your own.

undeniableadjectiveUS /ˌʌndɪˈnaɪəbəl/

not possible to deny

From this reading From which two undeniable principles, the obvious and necessary conclusion is, that you ought, for your own sake, to attend to and follow my advice.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading This entirely depends upon the degree of reason and reflection which you are master of, or think proper to exert.

whetherconjunctionUS /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading 1747 DEAR BOY: As often as I write to you (and that you know is pretty often), so often I am in doubt whether it is to any purpose, and whether it is not labor and paper lost.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading This entirely depends upon the degree of reason and reflection which you are master of, or think proper to exert.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading If you give yourself time to think, and have sense enough to think right, two reflections must necessarily occur to you; the one is, that I have a great deal of experience, and that you have none: the other is, that I am the only man living who cannot have, directly or indirectly, any interest concerning you, but your own.

writeverbUS /raɪt/

produce a literary work

From this reading 1747 DEAR BOY: As often as I write to you (and that you know is pretty often), so often I am in doubt whether it is to any purpose, and whether it is not labor and paper lost.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading 1747 DEAR BOY: As often as I write to you (and that you know is pretty often), so often I am in doubt whether it is to any purpose, and whether it is not labor and paper lost.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading If you give yourself time to think, and have sense enough to think right, two reflections must necessarily occur to you; the one is, that I have a great deal of experience, and that you have none: the other is, that I am the only man living who cannot have, directly or indirectly, any interest concerning you, but your own.

yourselfpronounUS /jərˈself/

used when the person spoken to is also the object of the action

From this reading If you give yourself time to think, and have sense enough to think right, two reflections must necessarily occur to you; the one is, that I have a great deal of experience, and that you have none: the other is, that I am the only man living who cannot have, directly or indirectly, any interest concerning you, but your own.

Chapter 20 of Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art by Philip Dormer Stanhope, Earl of Chesterfield holds 33 sentences, grouped into 7 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art contain?

Chapter 20 holds 33 sentences of Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art, unabridged, divided into 7 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art by Philip Dormer Stanhope, Earl of Chesterfield exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 33 sentences, grouped into 7 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art?

Work through the 7 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #3351, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 43 minutes of reading across 104 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art

Words and structures a reader meets early in Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

October
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Distresses
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Journey
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Heidelberg
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.