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Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art
Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art

Chapter XXI · Chapter 21

Chapter 21 of Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art is here in full — 22 sentences across 5 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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LONDON, December 15, O. S.
1747 DEAR Boy: There is nothing which I more wish that you should know, and which fewer people do know, than the true use and value of time.
It is in everybody's mouth; but in few people's practice.
Every fool, who slatterns away his whole time in nothings, utters, however, some trite commonplace sentence, of which there are millions, to prove, at once, the value and the fleetness of time.
The sun-dials, likewise all over Europe, have some ingenious inscription to that effect; so that nobody squanders away their time, without hearing and seeing, daily, how necessary it is to employ it well, and how irrecoverable it is if lost.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art

Chapter XXI · Chapter 21

Chapter 21 of Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art is here in full — 22 sentences across 5 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/4 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
LONDON, December 15, O. S.
Line 2
1747 DEAR Boy: There is nothing which I more wish that you should know, and which fewer people do know, than the true use and value of time.
Line 3
It is in everybody's mouth; but in few people's practice.
Line 4
Every fool, who slatterns away his whole time in nothings, utters, however, some trite commonplace sentence, of which there are millions, to prove, at once, the value and the fleetness of time.
Line 5
The sun-dials, likewise all over Europe, have some ingenious inscription to that effect; so that nobody squanders away their time, without hearing and seeing, daily, how necessary it is to employ it well, and how irrecoverable it is if lost.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

fewer adjective US /ˈfjuːər/

(comparative of “few” used with count nouns) quantifier meaning a smaller number of

From this reading “1747 DEAR Boy: There is nothing which I more wish that you should know, and which fewer people do know, than the true use and value of time.”

ingenious adjective US /ɪnˈdʒiː.ni.əs/

Clever, original, and remarkably inventive in design and execution.

From this reading “The sun-dials, likewise all over Europe, have some ingenious inscription to that effect; so that nobody squanders away their time, without hearing and seeing, daily, how necessary it is to employ it well, and how irrecoverable it is if lost.”

inscription noun US /ˌɪnˈskrɪpʃən/

letters inscribed (especially words engraved or carved) on something

From this reading “The sun-dials, likewise all over Europe, have some ingenious inscription to that effect; so that nobody squanders away their time, without hearing and seeing, daily, how necessary it is to employ it well, and how irrecoverable it is if lost.”

nothings noun US /ˈnʌθɪŋz/

inconsequential conversation

From this reading “Every fool, who slatterns away his whole time in nothings, utters, however, some trite commonplace sentence, of which there are millions, to prove, at once, the value and the fleetness of time.”

people's noun US /ˈpiːpəlz/

possessive form of “people” — (plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading “It is in everybody's mouth; but in few people's practice.”

squanders verb US /ˈskwɑːndərz/

third-person singular of “squander” — spend thoughtlessly; throw away

From this reading “The sun-dials, likewise all over Europe, have some ingenious inscription to that effect; so that nobody squanders away their time, without hearing and seeing, daily, how necessary it is to employ it well, and how irrecoverable it is if lost.”

trite adjective US /traɪt/

repeated too often; overfamiliar through overuse

From this reading “Every fool, who slatterns away his whole time in nothings, utters, however, some trite commonplace sentence, of which there are millions, to prove, at once, the value and the fleetness of time.”

utters verb US /ˈʌtərz/

third-person singular of “utter” — articulate; either verbally or with a cry, shout, or noise

From this reading “Every fool, who slatterns away his whole time in nothings, utters, however, some trite commonplace sentence, of which there are millions, to prove, at once, the value and the fleetness of time.”

All words in this reading · 83

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

15

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading LONDON, December 15, O. S.

1747

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 1747 DEAR Boy: There is nothing which I more wish that you should know, and which fewer people do know, than the true use and value of time.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The sun-dials, likewise all over Europe, have some ingenious inscription to that effect; so that nobody squanders away their time, without hearing and seeing, daily, how necessary it is to employ it well, and how irrecoverable it is if lost.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading 1747 DEAR Boy: There is nothing which I more wish that you should know, and which fewer people do know, than the true use and value of time.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Every fool, who slatterns away his whole time in nothings, utters, however, some trite commonplace sentence, of which there are millions, to prove, at once, the value and the fleetness of time.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Every fool, who slatterns away his whole time in nothings, utters, however, some trite commonplace sentence, of which there are millions, to prove, at once, the value and the fleetness of time.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Every fool, who slatterns away his whole time in nothings, utters, however, some trite commonplace sentence, of which there are millions, to prove, at once, the value and the fleetness of time.

BoynounUS /bɔɪ/

a youthful male person

From this reading 1747 DEAR Boy: There is nothing which I more wish that you should know, and which fewer people do know, than the true use and value of time.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading It is in everybody's mouth; but in few people's practice.

commonplaceadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːmənpleɪs/

completely ordinary and unremarkable

From this reading Every fool, who slatterns away his whole time in nothings, utters, however, some trite commonplace sentence, of which there are millions, to prove, at once, the value and the fleetness of time.

dailyadverbUS /ˈdeɪli/

every day; without missing a day

From this reading The sun-dials, likewise all over Europe, have some ingenious inscription to that effect; so that nobody squanders away their time, without hearing and seeing, daily, how necessary it is to employ it well, and how irrecoverable it is if lost.

DEARadjectiveUS /dɪr/

dearly loved

From this reading 1747 DEAR Boy: There is nothing which I more wish that you should know, and which fewer people do know, than the true use and value of time.

DecembernounUS /dɪˈsembər/

the last (12th) month of the year

From this reading LONDON, December 15, O. S.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading 1747 DEAR Boy: There is nothing which I more wish that you should know, and which fewer people do know, than the true use and value of time.

effectnounUS /ɪˈfekt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading The sun-dials, likewise all over Europe, have some ingenious inscription to that effect; so that nobody squanders away their time, without hearing and seeing, daily, how necessary it is to employ it well, and how irrecoverable it is if lost.

employverbUS /emˈplɔɪ/

put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose

From this reading The sun-dials, likewise all over Europe, have some ingenious inscription to that effect; so that nobody squanders away their time, without hearing and seeing, daily, how necessary it is to employ it well, and how irrecoverable it is if lost.

EuropenounUS /ˈjʊrəp/

the 2nd smallest continent (actually a vast peninsula of Eurasia); the British use “Europe” to refer to all of the continent except the British Isles

From this reading The sun-dials, likewise all over Europe, have some ingenious inscription to that effect; so that nobody squanders away their time, without hearing and seeing, daily, how necessary it is to employ it well, and how irrecoverable it is if lost.

EverydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading Every fool, who slatterns away his whole time in nothings, utters, however, some trite commonplace sentence, of which there are millions, to prove, at once, the value and the fleetness of time.

everybody's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is in everybody's mouth; but in few people's practice.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading It is in everybody's mouth; but in few people's practice.

feweradjectiveUS /ˈfjuːər/

(comparative of “few” used with count nouns) quantifier meaning a smaller number of

From this reading 1747 DEAR Boy: There is nothing which I more wish that you should know, and which fewer people do know, than the true use and value of time.

fleetnessnoun

rapidity of movement

From this reading Every fool, who slatterns away his whole time in nothings, utters, however, some trite commonplace sentence, of which there are millions, to prove, at once, the value and the fleetness of time.

foolnounUS /fuːl/

a person who lacks good judgment

From this reading Every fool, who slatterns away his whole time in nothings, utters, however, some trite commonplace sentence, of which there are millions, to prove, at once, the value and the fleetness of time.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading The sun-dials, likewise all over Europe, have some ingenious inscription to that effect; so that nobody squanders away their time, without hearing and seeing, daily, how necessary it is to employ it well, and how irrecoverable it is if lost.

hearingnounUS /ˈhiːrɪŋ/

(law) a proceeding (usually by a court) where evidence is taken for the purpose of determining an issue of fact and reaching a decision based on that evidence

From this reading The sun-dials, likewise all over Europe, have some ingenious inscription to that effect; so that nobody squanders away their time, without hearing and seeing, daily, how necessary it is to employ it well, and how irrecoverable it is if lost.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Every fool, who slatterns away his whole time in nothings, utters, however, some trite commonplace sentence, of which there are millions, to prove, at once, the value and the fleetness of time.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The sun-dials, likewise all over Europe, have some ingenious inscription to that effect; so that nobody squanders away their time, without hearing and seeing, daily, how necessary it is to employ it well, and how irrecoverable it is if lost.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading Every fool, who slatterns away his whole time in nothings, utters, however, some trite commonplace sentence, of which there are millions, to prove, at once, the value and the fleetness of time.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading 1747 DEAR Boy: There is nothing which I more wish that you should know, and which fewer people do know, than the true use and value of time.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading The sun-dials, likewise all over Europe, have some ingenious inscription to that effect; so that nobody squanders away their time, without hearing and seeing, daily, how necessary it is to employ it well, and how irrecoverable it is if lost.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading It is in everybody's mouth; but in few people's practice.

ingeniousadjectiveUS /ɪnˈdʒiː.ni.əs/

Clever, original, and remarkably inventive in design and execution.

From this reading The sun-dials, likewise all over Europe, have some ingenious inscription to that effect; so that nobody squanders away their time, without hearing and seeing, daily, how necessary it is to employ it well, and how irrecoverable it is if lost.

inscriptionnounUS /ˌɪnˈskrɪpʃən/

letters inscribed (especially words engraved or carved) on something

From this reading The sun-dials, likewise all over Europe, have some ingenious inscription to that effect; so that nobody squanders away their time, without hearing and seeing, daily, how necessary it is to employ it well, and how irrecoverable it is if lost.

irrecoverableadjective

incapable of being recovered or regained

From this reading The sun-dials, likewise all over Europe, have some ingenious inscription to that effect; so that nobody squanders away their time, without hearing and seeing, daily, how necessary it is to employ it well, and how irrecoverable it is if lost.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading 1747 DEAR Boy: There is nothing which I more wish that you should know, and which fewer people do know, than the true use and value of time.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It is in everybody's mouth; but in few people's practice.

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading 1747 DEAR Boy: There is nothing which I more wish that you should know, and which fewer people do know, than the true use and value of time.

likewiseadverbUS /ˈlaɪkwaɪz/

in like or similar manner

From this reading The sun-dials, likewise all over Europe, have some ingenious inscription to that effect; so that nobody squanders away their time, without hearing and seeing, daily, how necessary it is to employ it well, and how irrecoverable it is if lost.

LONDONnounUS /ˈlʌndən/

the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center

From this reading LONDON, December 15, O. S.

lostadjectiveUS /lɔːst/

no longer in your possession or control; unable to be found or recovered

From this reading The sun-dials, likewise all over Europe, have some ingenious inscription to that effect; so that nobody squanders away their time, without hearing and seeing, daily, how necessary it is to employ it well, and how irrecoverable it is if lost.

millionsnounUS /ˈmɪljənz/

plural of “million” — the number that is represented as a one followed by 6 zeros

From this reading Every fool, who slatterns away his whole time in nothings, utters, however, some trite commonplace sentence, of which there are millions, to prove, at once, the value and the fleetness of time.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading 1747 DEAR Boy: There is nothing which I more wish that you should know, and which fewer people do know, than the true use and value of time.

mouthnounUS /maʊθ/

the opening through which food is taken in and vocalizations emerge

From this reading It is in everybody's mouth; but in few people's practice.

necessaryadjectiveUS /ˈnesəseri/

absolutely essential

From this reading The sun-dials, likewise all over Europe, have some ingenious inscription to that effect; so that nobody squanders away their time, without hearing and seeing, daily, how necessary it is to employ it well, and how irrecoverable it is if lost.

nobodypronounUS /ˈnoʊbɑːdiː/

no person; not anyone

From this reading The sun-dials, likewise all over Europe, have some ingenious inscription to that effect; so that nobody squanders away their time, without hearing and seeing, daily, how necessary it is to employ it well, and how irrecoverable it is if lost.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading 1747 DEAR Boy: There is nothing which I more wish that you should know, and which fewer people do know, than the true use and value of time.

nothingsnounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋz/

inconsequential conversation

From this reading Every fool, who slatterns away his whole time in nothings, utters, however, some trite commonplace sentence, of which there are millions, to prove, at once, the value and the fleetness of time.

OnounUS /oʊ/

a nonmetallic bivalent element that is normally a colorless odorless tasteless nonflammable diatomic gas; constitutes 21 percent of the atmosphere by volume; the most abundant element in the earth's crust

From this reading LONDON, December 15, O. S.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading 1747 DEAR Boy: There is nothing which I more wish that you should know, and which fewer people do know, than the true use and value of time.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading Every fool, who slatterns away his whole time in nothings, utters, however, some trite commonplace sentence, of which there are millions, to prove, at once, the value and the fleetness of time.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading The sun-dials, likewise all over Europe, have some ingenious inscription to that effect; so that nobody squanders away their time, without hearing and seeing, daily, how necessary it is to employ it well, and how irrecoverable it is if lost.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading 1747 DEAR Boy: There is nothing which I more wish that you should know, and which fewer people do know, than the true use and value of time.

people'snounUS /ˈpiːpəlz/

possessive form of “people” — (plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading It is in everybody's mouth; but in few people's practice.

practicenounUS /ˈpræktəs/

a customary way of operation or behavior

From this reading It is in everybody's mouth; but in few people's practice.

proveverbUS /pruːv/

be shown or be found to be

From this reading Every fool, who slatterns away his whole time in nothings, utters, however, some trite commonplace sentence, of which there are millions, to prove, at once, the value and the fleetness of time.

SnounUS /es/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading LONDON, December 15, O. S.

seeingnounUS /ˈsiːɪŋ/

perception by means of the eyes

From this reading The sun-dials, likewise all over Europe, have some ingenious inscription to that effect; so that nobody squanders away their time, without hearing and seeing, daily, how necessary it is to employ it well, and how irrecoverable it is if lost.

sentencenounUS /ˈsentəns/

a string of words satisfying the grammatical rules of a language

From this reading Every fool, who slatterns away his whole time in nothings, utters, however, some trite commonplace sentence, of which there are millions, to prove, at once, the value and the fleetness of time.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading 1747 DEAR Boy: There is nothing which I more wish that you should know, and which fewer people do know, than the true use and value of time.

slatterns

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Every fool, who slatterns away his whole time in nothings, utters, however, some trite commonplace sentence, of which there are millions, to prove, at once, the value and the fleetness of time.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading The sun-dials, likewise all over Europe, have some ingenious inscription to that effect; so that nobody squanders away their time, without hearing and seeing, daily, how necessary it is to employ it well, and how irrecoverable it is if lost.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Every fool, who slatterns away his whole time in nothings, utters, however, some trite commonplace sentence, of which there are millions, to prove, at once, the value and the fleetness of time.

squandersverbUS /ˈskwɑːndərz/

third-person singular of “squander” — spend thoughtlessly; throw away

From this reading The sun-dials, likewise all over Europe, have some ingenious inscription to that effect; so that nobody squanders away their time, without hearing and seeing, daily, how necessary it is to employ it well, and how irrecoverable it is if lost.

sun-dials

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The sun-dials, likewise all over Europe, have some ingenious inscription to that effect; so that nobody squanders away their time, without hearing and seeing, daily, how necessary it is to employ it well, and how irrecoverable it is if lost.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading 1747 DEAR Boy: There is nothing which I more wish that you should know, and which fewer people do know, than the true use and value of time.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading 1747 DEAR Boy: There is nothing which I more wish that you should know, and which fewer people do know, than the true use and value of time.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading 1747 DEAR Boy: There is nothing which I more wish that you should know, and which fewer people do know, than the true use and value of time.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The sun-dials, likewise all over Europe, have some ingenious inscription to that effect; so that nobody squanders away their time, without hearing and seeing, daily, how necessary it is to employ it well, and how irrecoverable it is if lost.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading 1747 DEAR Boy: There is nothing which I more wish that you should know, and which fewer people do know, than the true use and value of time.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading 1747 DEAR Boy: There is nothing which I more wish that you should know, and which fewer people do know, than the true use and value of time.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Every fool, who slatterns away his whole time in nothings, utters, however, some trite commonplace sentence, of which there are millions, to prove, at once, the value and the fleetness of time.

triteadjectiveUS /traɪt/

repeated too often; overfamiliar through overuse

From this reading Every fool, who slatterns away his whole time in nothings, utters, however, some trite commonplace sentence, of which there are millions, to prove, at once, the value and the fleetness of time.

trueadjectiveUS /truː/

consistent with fact or reality; not false

From this reading 1747 DEAR Boy: There is nothing which I more wish that you should know, and which fewer people do know, than the true use and value of time.

usenounUS /juːs/

the act of using

From this reading 1747 DEAR Boy: There is nothing which I more wish that you should know, and which fewer people do know, than the true use and value of time.

uttersverbUS /ˈʌtərz/

third-person singular of “utter” — articulate; either verbally or with a cry, shout, or noise

From this reading Every fool, who slatterns away his whole time in nothings, utters, however, some trite commonplace sentence, of which there are millions, to prove, at once, the value and the fleetness of time.

valuenounUS /ˈvæljuː/

a numerical quantity measured or assigned or computed

From this reading 1747 DEAR Boy: There is nothing which I more wish that you should know, and which fewer people do know, than the true use and value of time.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading The sun-dials, likewise all over Europe, have some ingenious inscription to that effect; so that nobody squanders away their time, without hearing and seeing, daily, how necessary it is to employ it well, and how irrecoverable it is if lost.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading 1747 DEAR Boy: There is nothing which I more wish that you should know, and which fewer people do know, than the true use and value of time.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Every fool, who slatterns away his whole time in nothings, utters, however, some trite commonplace sentence, of which there are millions, to prove, at once, the value and the fleetness of time.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading Every fool, who slatterns away his whole time in nothings, utters, however, some trite commonplace sentence, of which there are millions, to prove, at once, the value and the fleetness of time.

wishverbUS /wɪʃ/

hope for; have a wish

From this reading 1747 DEAR Boy: There is nothing which I more wish that you should know, and which fewer people do know, than the true use and value of time.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading The sun-dials, likewise all over Europe, have some ingenious inscription to that effect; so that nobody squanders away their time, without hearing and seeing, daily, how necessary it is to employ it well, and how irrecoverable it is if lost.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading 1747 DEAR Boy: There is nothing which I more wish that you should know, and which fewer people do know, than the true use and value of time.

Chapter 21 of Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art by Philip Dormer Stanhope, Earl of Chesterfield holds 22 sentences, grouped into 5 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 21 of Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art contain?

Chapter 21 holds 22 sentences of Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art, unabridged, divided into 5 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 21 of Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art by Philip Dormer Stanhope, Earl of Chesterfield exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 22 sentences, grouped into 5 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 21 of Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art?

Work through the 5 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 5 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 21 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 21 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art

Common questions about reading Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art by Philip Dormer Stanhope, Earl of Chesterfield on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art?

Yes. All 518 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #3351 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #3351, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art take to read?

About 43 minutes of reading across 104 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art section by section

How to work through Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 23 chapters of Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art

Words and structures a reader meets early in Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

October
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Distresses
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Journey
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Heidelberg
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1746-47 On the Fine Art; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.