Learn English through classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Letters to His Son, 1748 On the Fine Art of
Letters to His Son, 1748 On the Fine Art of

Chapter XVI · Chapter 16

Chapter 16 of Letters to His Son, 1748 On the Fine Art of is here in full — 15 sentences across 3 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Letters to His Son, 1748 On the Fine Art of
Context Illustration Reading 1/3 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
LONDON, May 31, O. S.
1748.
DEAR BOY: I received yesterday your letter of the 16th, N. S., and have, in consequence of it, written this day to Sir Charles Williams, to thank him for all the civilities he has shown you.
Your first setting out at court has, I find, been very favorable; and his Polish Majesty has distinguished you.
I hope you received that mark of distinction with respect and with steadiness, which is the proper behavior of a man of fashion.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Letters to His Son, 1748 On the Fine Art of

Chapter XVI · Chapter 16

Chapter 16 of Letters to His Son, 1748 On the Fine Art of is here in full — 15 sentences across 3 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/3 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
LONDON, May 31, O. S.
Line 2
1748.
Line 3
DEAR BOY: I received yesterday your letter of the 16th, N. S., and have, in consequence of it, written this day to Sir Charles Williams, to thank him for all the civilities he has shown you.
Line 4
Your first setting out at court has, I find, been very favorable; and his Polish Majesty has distinguished you.
/jɔːr fɜːrst ˈsetɪŋ aʊt æt kɔːrt hæz aɪ faɪnd bɪn ˈveri ˈfeɪvərəbəl ənd hɪz ˈpɑːlɪʃ ˈmædʒəsti hæz dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃt juː/
Line 5
I hope you received that mark of distinction with respect and with steadiness, which is the proper behavior of a man of fashion.
/aɪ hoʊp juː rəˈsiːvd ðæt mɑːrk ʌv dɪˈstɪŋkʃən wɪð rɪˈspekt ənd wɪð ˈstedinɪs wɪtʃ ɪz ðə ˈprɑːpər bɪˈheɪvjər ʌv ə mæn ʌv ˈfæʃən/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

behavior noun US /bɪˈheɪvjər/

manner of acting or controlling yourself

From this reading “I hope you received that mark of distinction with respect and with steadiness, which is the proper behavior of a man of fashion.”

distinction noun US /dɪˈstɪŋkʃən/

a discrimination between things as different and distinct on the basis of their characteristics or attributes

From this reading “I hope you received that mark of distinction with respect and with steadiness, which is the proper behavior of a man of fashion.”

distinguished adjective US /dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃt/

(used of persons) standing above others in character or attainment or reputation

From this reading “Your first setting out at court has, I find, been very favorable; and his Polish Majesty has distinguished you.”

favorable adjective US /ˈfeɪvərəbəl/

encouraging or approving or pleasing

From this reading “Your first setting out at court has, I find, been very favorable; and his Polish Majesty has distinguished you.”

Polish noun US /ˈpɑːlɪʃ/

the property of being smooth and shiny

From this reading “Your first setting out at court has, I find, been very favorable; and his Polish Majesty has distinguished you.”

setting noun US /ˈsetɪŋ/

the context and environment in which something is set

From this reading “Your first setting out at court has, I find, been very favorable; and his Polish Majesty has distinguished you.”

steadiness noun US /ˈstedinɪs/

freedom from wavering or indecision; constancy of resolve or conduct

From this reading “I hope you received that mark of distinction with respect and with steadiness, which is the proper behavior of a man of fashion.”

Williams noun US /ˈwɪljəmz/

United States country singer and songwriter (1923-1953)

From this reading “DEAR BOY: I received yesterday your letter of the 16th, N. S., and have, in consequence of it, written this day to Sir Charles Williams, to thank him for all the civilities he has shown you.”

All words in this reading · 65

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

16th

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading DEAR BOY: I received yesterday your letter of the 16th, N. S., and have, in consequence of it, written this day to Sir Charles Williams, to thank him for all the civilities he has shown you.

1748

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 1748.

31

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading LONDON, May 31, O. S.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading I hope you received that mark of distinction with respect and with steadiness, which is the proper behavior of a man of fashion.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading DEAR BOY: I received yesterday your letter of the 16th, N. S., and have, in consequence of it, written this day to Sir Charles Williams, to thank him for all the civilities he has shown you.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading DEAR BOY: I received yesterday your letter of the 16th, N. S., and have, in consequence of it, written this day to Sir Charles Williams, to thank him for all the civilities he has shown you.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Your first setting out at court has, I find, been very favorable; and his Polish Majesty has distinguished you.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Your first setting out at court has, I find, been very favorable; and his Polish Majesty has distinguished you.

behaviornounUS /bɪˈheɪvjər/

manner of acting or controlling yourself

From this reading I hope you received that mark of distinction with respect and with steadiness, which is the proper behavior of a man of fashion.

BOYnounUS /bɔɪ/

a youthful male person

From this reading DEAR BOY: I received yesterday your letter of the 16th, N. S., and have, in consequence of it, written this day to Sir Charles Williams, to thank him for all the civilities he has shown you.

CharlesnounUS /tʃɑːrlz/

King of France from 1560 to 1574 whose reign was dominated by his mother Catherine de Medicis (1550-1574)

From this reading DEAR BOY: I received yesterday your letter of the 16th, N. S., and have, in consequence of it, written this day to Sir Charles Williams, to thank him for all the civilities he has shown you.

civilities

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading DEAR BOY: I received yesterday your letter of the 16th, N. S., and have, in consequence of it, written this day to Sir Charles Williams, to thank him for all the civilities he has shown you.

consequencenounUS /ˈkɑːnsəkwəns/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading DEAR BOY: I received yesterday your letter of the 16th, N. S., and have, in consequence of it, written this day to Sir Charles Williams, to thank him for all the civilities he has shown you.

courtnounUS /kɔːrt/

an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading Your first setting out at court has, I find, been very favorable; and his Polish Majesty has distinguished you.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading DEAR BOY: I received yesterday your letter of the 16th, N. S., and have, in consequence of it, written this day to Sir Charles Williams, to thank him for all the civilities he has shown you.

DEARadjectiveUS /dɪr/

dearly loved

From this reading DEAR BOY: I received yesterday your letter of the 16th, N. S., and have, in consequence of it, written this day to Sir Charles Williams, to thank him for all the civilities he has shown you.

distinctionnounUS /dɪˈstɪŋkʃən/

a discrimination between things as different and distinct on the basis of their characteristics or attributes

From this reading I hope you received that mark of distinction with respect and with steadiness, which is the proper behavior of a man of fashion.

distinguishedadjectiveUS /dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃt/

(used of persons) standing above others in character or attainment or reputation

From this reading Your first setting out at court has, I find, been very favorable; and his Polish Majesty has distinguished you.

fashionnounUS /ˈfæʃən/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading I hope you received that mark of distinction with respect and with steadiness, which is the proper behavior of a man of fashion.

favorableadjectiveUS /ˈfeɪvərəbəl/

encouraging or approving or pleasing

From this reading Your first setting out at court has, I find, been very favorable; and his Polish Majesty has distinguished you.

findverbUS /faɪnd/

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading Your first setting out at court has, I find, been very favorable; and his Polish Majesty has distinguished you.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading Your first setting out at court has, I find, been very favorable; and his Polish Majesty has distinguished you.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading DEAR BOY: I received yesterday your letter of the 16th, N. S., and have, in consequence of it, written this day to Sir Charles Williams, to thank him for all the civilities he has shown you.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading DEAR BOY: I received yesterday your letter of the 16th, N. S., and have, in consequence of it, written this day to Sir Charles Williams, to thank him for all the civilities he has shown you.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading DEAR BOY: I received yesterday your letter of the 16th, N. S., and have, in consequence of it, written this day to Sir Charles Williams, to thank him for all the civilities he has shown you.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading DEAR BOY: I received yesterday your letter of the 16th, N. S., and have, in consequence of it, written this day to Sir Charles Williams, to thank him for all the civilities he has shown you.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading DEAR BOY: I received yesterday your letter of the 16th, N. S., and have, in consequence of it, written this day to Sir Charles Williams, to thank him for all the civilities he has shown you.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Your first setting out at court has, I find, been very favorable; and his Polish Majesty has distinguished you.

hopenounUS /hoʊp/

a specific instance of feeling hopeful

From this reading I hope you received that mark of distinction with respect and with steadiness, which is the proper behavior of a man of fashion.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading DEAR BOY: I received yesterday your letter of the 16th, N. S., and have, in consequence of it, written this day to Sir Charles Williams, to thank him for all the civilities he has shown you.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading DEAR BOY: I received yesterday your letter of the 16th, N. S., and have, in consequence of it, written this day to Sir Charles Williams, to thank him for all the civilities he has shown you.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading I hope you received that mark of distinction with respect and with steadiness, which is the proper behavior of a man of fashion.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading DEAR BOY: I received yesterday your letter of the 16th, N. S., and have, in consequence of it, written this day to Sir Charles Williams, to thank him for all the civilities he has shown you.

letternounUS /ˈletər/

a written message addressed to a person or organization

From this reading DEAR BOY: I received yesterday your letter of the 16th, N. S., and have, in consequence of it, written this day to Sir Charles Williams, to thank him for all the civilities he has shown you.

LONDONnounUS /ˈlʌndən/

the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center

From this reading LONDON, May 31, O. S.

MajestynounUS /ˈmædʒəsti/

impressiveness in scale or proportion

From this reading Your first setting out at court has, I find, been very favorable; and his Polish Majesty has distinguished you.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading I hope you received that mark of distinction with respect and with steadiness, which is the proper behavior of a man of fashion.

markverbUS /mɑːrk/

attach a tag or label to

From this reading I hope you received that mark of distinction with respect and with steadiness, which is the proper behavior of a man of fashion.

Maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading LONDON, May 31, O. S.

NnounUS /en/

a common nonmetallic element that is normally a colorless odorless tasteless inert diatomic gas; constitutes 78 percent of the atmosphere by volume; a constituent of all living tissues

From this reading DEAR BOY: I received yesterday your letter of the 16th, N. S., and have, in consequence of it, written this day to Sir Charles Williams, to thank him for all the civilities he has shown you.

OnounUS /oʊ/

a nonmetallic bivalent element that is normally a colorless odorless tasteless nonflammable diatomic gas; constitutes 21 percent of the atmosphere by volume; the most abundant element in the earth's crust

From this reading LONDON, May 31, O. S.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading DEAR BOY: I received yesterday your letter of the 16th, N. S., and have, in consequence of it, written this day to Sir Charles Williams, to thank him for all the civilities he has shown you.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Your first setting out at court has, I find, been very favorable; and his Polish Majesty has distinguished you.

PolishnounUS /ˈpɑːlɪʃ/

the property of being smooth and shiny

From this reading Your first setting out at court has, I find, been very favorable; and his Polish Majesty has distinguished you.

properadjectiveUS /ˈprɑːpər/

marked by suitability or rightness or appropriateness

From this reading I hope you received that mark of distinction with respect and with steadiness, which is the proper behavior of a man of fashion.

receivedadjectiveUS /rəˈsiːvd/

conforming to the established language usage of educated native speakers

From this reading DEAR BOY: I received yesterday your letter of the 16th, N. S., and have, in consequence of it, written this day to Sir Charles Williams, to thank him for all the civilities he has shown you.

respectnounUS /rɪˈspekt/

(usually preceded by “in”) a detail or point

From this reading I hope you received that mark of distinction with respect and with steadiness, which is the proper behavior of a man of fashion.

SnounUS /es/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading LONDON, May 31, O. S.

settingnounUS /ˈsetɪŋ/

the context and environment in which something is set

From this reading Your first setting out at court has, I find, been very favorable; and his Polish Majesty has distinguished you.

shownverbUS /ʃoʊn/

inflected form of “show” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading DEAR BOY: I received yesterday your letter of the 16th, N. S., and have, in consequence of it, written this day to Sir Charles Williams, to thank him for all the civilities he has shown you.

SirnounUS /sɜːr/

term of address for a man

From this reading DEAR BOY: I received yesterday your letter of the 16th, N. S., and have, in consequence of it, written this day to Sir Charles Williams, to thank him for all the civilities he has shown you.

steadinessnounUS /ˈstedinɪs/

freedom from wavering or indecision; constancy of resolve or conduct

From this reading I hope you received that mark of distinction with respect and with steadiness, which is the proper behavior of a man of fashion.

thankverbUS /θæŋk/

express gratitude or show appreciation to

From this reading DEAR BOY: I received yesterday your letter of the 16th, N. S., and have, in consequence of it, written this day to Sir Charles Williams, to thank him for all the civilities he has shown you.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading I hope you received that mark of distinction with respect and with steadiness, which is the proper behavior of a man of fashion.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading DEAR BOY: I received yesterday your letter of the 16th, N. S., and have, in consequence of it, written this day to Sir Charles Williams, to thank him for all the civilities he has shown you.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading DEAR BOY: I received yesterday your letter of the 16th, N. S., and have, in consequence of it, written this day to Sir Charles Williams, to thank him for all the civilities he has shown you.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading DEAR BOY: I received yesterday your letter of the 16th, N. S., and have, in consequence of it, written this day to Sir Charles Williams, to thank him for all the civilities he has shown you.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Your first setting out at court has, I find, been very favorable; and his Polish Majesty has distinguished you.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading I hope you received that mark of distinction with respect and with steadiness, which is the proper behavior of a man of fashion.

WilliamsnounUS /ˈwɪljəmz/

United States country singer and songwriter (1923-1953)

From this reading DEAR BOY: I received yesterday your letter of the 16th, N. S., and have, in consequence of it, written this day to Sir Charles Williams, to thank him for all the civilities he has shown you.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading I hope you received that mark of distinction with respect and with steadiness, which is the proper behavior of a man of fashion.

writtenadjectiveUS /ˈrɪtən/

set down in writing in any of various ways

From this reading DEAR BOY: I received yesterday your letter of the 16th, N. S., and have, in consequence of it, written this day to Sir Charles Williams, to thank him for all the civilities he has shown you.

yesterdaynounUS /ˈjestərdeɪ/

the day immediately before today

From this reading DEAR BOY: I received yesterday your letter of the 16th, N. S., and have, in consequence of it, written this day to Sir Charles Williams, to thank him for all the civilities he has shown you.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading DEAR BOY: I received yesterday your letter of the 16th, N. S., and have, in consequence of it, written this day to Sir Charles Williams, to thank him for all the civilities he has shown you.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading DEAR BOY: I received yesterday your letter of the 16th, N. S., and have, in consequence of it, written this day to Sir Charles Williams, to thank him for all the civilities he has shown you.

Chapter 16 of Letters to His Son, 1748 On the Fine Art of by Philip Dormer Stanhope, Earl of Chesterfield holds 15 sentences, grouped into 3 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 16 of Letters to His Son, 1748 On the Fine Art of contain?

Chapter 16 holds 15 sentences of Letters to His Son, 1748 On the Fine Art of, unabridged, divided into 3 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 16 of Letters to His Son, 1748 On the Fine Art of by Philip Dormer Stanhope, Earl of Chesterfield exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 15 sentences, grouped into 3 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 16 of Letters to His Son, 1748 On the Fine Art of?

Work through the 3 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 3 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 16 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 16 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Letters to His Son, 1748 On the Fine Art of

Common questions about reading Letters to His Son, 1748 On the Fine Art of by Philip Dormer Stanhope, Earl of Chesterfield on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Letters to His Son, 1748 On the Fine Art of?

Yes. All 1441 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #3352 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Letters to His Son, 1748 On the Fine Art of is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #3352, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Letters to His Son, 1748 On the Fine Art of take to read?

About 120 minutes of reading across 289 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Letters to His Son, 1748 On the Fine Art of section by section

How to work through Letters to His Son, 1748 On the Fine Art of section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 38 chapters of Letters to His Son, 1748 On the Fine Art of to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Letters to His Son, 1748 On the Fine Art of

Words and structures a reader meets early in Letters to His Son, 1748 On the Fine Art of, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

January
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1748 On the Fine Art of; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Edified
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1748 On the Fine Art of; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Allotment
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1748 On the Fine Art of; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Leipsig
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1748 On the Fine Art of; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.