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Letters to His Son, 1748 On the Fine Art of
Letters to His Son, 1748 On the Fine Art of

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of Letters to His Son, 1748 On the Fine Art of is here in full — 71 sentences across 15 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/14 · 5 lines
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BATH, October 19, O. S.
1748.
DEAR BOY: Having in my last pointed out what sort of company you should keep, I will now give you some rules for your conduct in it; rules which my own experience and observation enable me to lay down, and communicate to you, with some degree of confidence.
I have often given you hints of this kind before, but then it has been by snatches; I will now be more regular and methodical.
I shall say nothing with regard to your bodily carriage and address, but leave them to the care of your dancing-master, and to your own attention to the best models; remember, however, that they are of consequence.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Letters to His Son, 1748 On the Fine Art of

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of Letters to His Son, 1748 On the Fine Art of is here in full — 71 sentences across 15 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/14 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
BATH, October 19, O. S.
Line 2
1748.
Line 3
DEAR BOY: Having in my last pointed out what sort of company you should keep, I will now give you some rules for your conduct in it; rules which my own experience and observation enable me to lay down, and communicate to you, with some degree of confidence.
/dɪr bɔɪ ˈhævɪŋ ɪn maɪ læst ˈpɔɪntɪd aʊt wʌt sɔːrt ʌv ˈkʌmpəniː juː ʃʊd kiːp aɪ wɪl naʊ ɡɪv juː sʌm ruːlz fɔːr jɔːr ˈkɑːndəkt ɪn ɪt ruːlz wɪtʃ maɪ oʊn ɪkˈspɪriəns ənd ˌɑːbzərˈveɪʃən eˈneɪbəl miː tuː leɪ daʊn ənd kəˈmjuːnəkeɪt tuː juː wɪð sʌm dɪˈɡriː ʌv ˈkɑːnfədəns/
Line 4
I have often given you hints of this kind before, but then it has been by snatches; I will now be more regular and methodical.
/aɪ hæv ˈɔːfən ˈɡɪvən juː hɪnts ʌv ðɪs kaɪnd bɪˈfɔːr bʌt ðen ɪt hæz bɪn baɪ ˈsnætʃɪz aɪ wɪl naʊ biː mɔːr ˈreɡjələr ənd məˈθɑːdəkəl/
Line 5
I shall say nothing with regard to your bodily carriage and address, but leave them to the care of your dancing-master, and to your own attention to the best models; remember, however, that they are of consequence.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bodily adverb US /ˈbɑːdəli/

in bodily form

From this reading “I shall say nothing with regard to your bodily carriage and address, but leave them to the care of your dancing-master, and to your own attention to the best models; remember, however, that they are of consequence.”

communicate verb US /kəˈmjuːnəkeɪt/

transmit information

From this reading “DEAR BOY: Having in my last pointed out what sort of company you should keep, I will now give you some rules for your conduct in it; rules which my own experience and observation enable me to lay down, and communicate to you, with some degree of confidence.”

enable verb US /eˈneɪbəl/

render capable or able for some task

From this reading “DEAR BOY: Having in my last pointed out what sort of company you should keep, I will now give you some rules for your conduct in it; rules which my own experience and observation enable me to lay down, and communicate to you, with some degree of confidence.”

hints noun US /hɪnts/

plural of “hint” — an indirect suggestion

From this reading “I have often given you hints of this kind before, but then it has been by snatches; I will now be more regular and methodical.”

methodical adjective US /məˈθɑːdəkəl/

characterized by method and orderliness

From this reading “I have often given you hints of this kind before, but then it has been by snatches; I will now be more regular and methodical.”

models noun US /ˈmɑːdəlz/

plural of “model” — a hypothetical description of a complex entity or process

From this reading “I shall say nothing with regard to your bodily carriage and address, but leave them to the care of your dancing-master, and to your own attention to the best models; remember, however, that they are of consequence.”

October noun US /ɑːkˈtoʊbər/

the month following September and preceding November

From this reading “BATH, October 19, O. S.”

snatches noun US /ˈsnætʃɪz/

plural of “snatch” — a small fragment

From this reading “I have often given you hints of this kind before, but then it has been by snatches; I will now be more regular and methodical.”

All words in this reading · 83

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1748

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 1748.

19

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading BATH, October 19, O. S.

addressverbUS /ˈædres/

speak to

From this reading I shall say nothing with regard to your bodily carriage and address, but leave them to the care of your dancing-master, and to your own attention to the best models; remember, however, that they are of consequence.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading DEAR BOY: Having in my last pointed out what sort of company you should keep, I will now give you some rules for your conduct in it; rules which my own experience and observation enable me to lay down, and communicate to you, with some degree of confidence.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading I shall say nothing with regard to your bodily carriage and address, but leave them to the care of your dancing-master, and to your own attention to the best models; remember, however, that they are of consequence.

attentionnounUS /əˈtenʃən/

the process whereby a person concentrates on some features of the environment to the (relative) exclusion of others

From this reading I shall say nothing with regard to your bodily carriage and address, but leave them to the care of your dancing-master, and to your own attention to the best models; remember, however, that they are of consequence.

BATHnounUS /bæθ/

a vessel containing liquid in which something is immersed (as to process it or to maintain it at a constant temperature or to lubricate it)

From this reading BATH, October 19, O. S.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading I have often given you hints of this kind before, but then it has been by snatches; I will now be more regular and methodical.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading I have often given you hints of this kind before, but then it has been by snatches; I will now be more regular and methodical.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading I have often given you hints of this kind before, but then it has been by snatches; I will now be more regular and methodical.

bestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading I shall say nothing with regard to your bodily carriage and address, but leave them to the care of your dancing-master, and to your own attention to the best models; remember, however, that they are of consequence.

bodilyadverbUS /ˈbɑːdəli/

in bodily form

From this reading I shall say nothing with regard to your bodily carriage and address, but leave them to the care of your dancing-master, and to your own attention to the best models; remember, however, that they are of consequence.

BOYnounUS /bɔɪ/

a youthful male person

From this reading DEAR BOY: Having in my last pointed out what sort of company you should keep, I will now give you some rules for your conduct in it; rules which my own experience and observation enable me to lay down, and communicate to you, with some degree of confidence.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading I have often given you hints of this kind before, but then it has been by snatches; I will now be more regular and methodical.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading I have often given you hints of this kind before, but then it has been by snatches; I will now be more regular and methodical.

carenounUS /ker/

the work of providing treatment for or attending to someone or something

From this reading I shall say nothing with regard to your bodily carriage and address, but leave them to the care of your dancing-master, and to your own attention to the best models; remember, however, that they are of consequence.

carriagenounUS /ˈkærɪdʒ/

a railcar where passengers ride

From this reading I shall say nothing with regard to your bodily carriage and address, but leave them to the care of your dancing-master, and to your own attention to the best models; remember, however, that they are of consequence.

communicateverbUS /kəˈmjuːnəkeɪt/

transmit information

From this reading DEAR BOY: Having in my last pointed out what sort of company you should keep, I will now give you some rules for your conduct in it; rules which my own experience and observation enable me to lay down, and communicate to you, with some degree of confidence.

companynounUS /ˈkʌmpəniː/

an institution created to conduct business

From this reading DEAR BOY: Having in my last pointed out what sort of company you should keep, I will now give you some rules for your conduct in it; rules which my own experience and observation enable me to lay down, and communicate to you, with some degree of confidence.

conductverbUS /ˈkɑːndəkt/

direct the course of; manage or control

From this reading DEAR BOY: Having in my last pointed out what sort of company you should keep, I will now give you some rules for your conduct in it; rules which my own experience and observation enable me to lay down, and communicate to you, with some degree of confidence.

confidencenounUS /ˈkɑːnfədəns/

freedom from doubt; belief in yourself and your abilities

From this reading DEAR BOY: Having in my last pointed out what sort of company you should keep, I will now give you some rules for your conduct in it; rules which my own experience and observation enable me to lay down, and communicate to you, with some degree of confidence.

consequencenounUS /ˈkɑːnsəkwəns/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading I shall say nothing with regard to your bodily carriage and address, but leave them to the care of your dancing-master, and to your own attention to the best models; remember, however, that they are of consequence.

dancing-masternoun

a professional teacher of dancing

From this reading I shall say nothing with regard to your bodily carriage and address, but leave them to the care of your dancing-master, and to your own attention to the best models; remember, however, that they are of consequence.

DEARadjectiveUS /dɪr/

dearly loved

From this reading DEAR BOY: Having in my last pointed out what sort of company you should keep, I will now give you some rules for your conduct in it; rules which my own experience and observation enable me to lay down, and communicate to you, with some degree of confidence.

degreenounUS /dɪˈɡriː/

a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality

From this reading DEAR BOY: Having in my last pointed out what sort of company you should keep, I will now give you some rules for your conduct in it; rules which my own experience and observation enable me to lay down, and communicate to you, with some degree of confidence.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading DEAR BOY: Having in my last pointed out what sort of company you should keep, I will now give you some rules for your conduct in it; rules which my own experience and observation enable me to lay down, and communicate to you, with some degree of confidence.

enableverbUS /eˈneɪbəl/

render capable or able for some task

From this reading DEAR BOY: Having in my last pointed out what sort of company you should keep, I will now give you some rules for your conduct in it; rules which my own experience and observation enable me to lay down, and communicate to you, with some degree of confidence.

experienceverbUS /ɪkˈspɪriəns/

undergo or live through a difficult experience

From this reading DEAR BOY: Having in my last pointed out what sort of company you should keep, I will now give you some rules for your conduct in it; rules which my own experience and observation enable me to lay down, and communicate to you, with some degree of confidence.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading DEAR BOY: Having in my last pointed out what sort of company you should keep, I will now give you some rules for your conduct in it; rules which my own experience and observation enable me to lay down, and communicate to you, with some degree of confidence.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading DEAR BOY: Having in my last pointed out what sort of company you should keep, I will now give you some rules for your conduct in it; rules which my own experience and observation enable me to lay down, and communicate to you, with some degree of confidence.

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading I have often given you hints of this kind before, but then it has been by snatches; I will now be more regular and methodical.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading I have often given you hints of this kind before, but then it has been by snatches; I will now be more regular and methodical.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading I have often given you hints of this kind before, but then it has been by snatches; I will now be more regular and methodical.

Havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading DEAR BOY: Having in my last pointed out what sort of company you should keep, I will now give you some rules for your conduct in it; rules which my own experience and observation enable me to lay down, and communicate to you, with some degree of confidence.

hintsnounUS /hɪnts/

plural of “hint” — an indirect suggestion

From this reading I have often given you hints of this kind before, but then it has been by snatches; I will now be more regular and methodical.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading I shall say nothing with regard to your bodily carriage and address, but leave them to the care of your dancing-master, and to your own attention to the best models; remember, however, that they are of consequence.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading DEAR BOY: Having in my last pointed out what sort of company you should keep, I will now give you some rules for your conduct in it; rules which my own experience and observation enable me to lay down, and communicate to you, with some degree of confidence.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading DEAR BOY: Having in my last pointed out what sort of company you should keep, I will now give you some rules for your conduct in it; rules which my own experience and observation enable me to lay down, and communicate to you, with some degree of confidence.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading DEAR BOY: Having in my last pointed out what sort of company you should keep, I will now give you some rules for your conduct in it; rules which my own experience and observation enable me to lay down, and communicate to you, with some degree of confidence.

keepverbUS /kiːp/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading DEAR BOY: Having in my last pointed out what sort of company you should keep, I will now give you some rules for your conduct in it; rules which my own experience and observation enable me to lay down, and communicate to you, with some degree of confidence.

kindadjectiveUS /kaɪnd/

having or showing a tender and considerate and helpful nature; used especially of persons and their behavior

From this reading I have often given you hints of this kind before, but then it has been by snatches; I will now be more regular and methodical.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading DEAR BOY: Having in my last pointed out what sort of company you should keep, I will now give you some rules for your conduct in it; rules which my own experience and observation enable me to lay down, and communicate to you, with some degree of confidence.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading DEAR BOY: Having in my last pointed out what sort of company you should keep, I will now give you some rules for your conduct in it; rules which my own experience and observation enable me to lay down, and communicate to you, with some degree of confidence.

leaveverbUS /liːv/

go away from a place

From this reading I shall say nothing with regard to your bodily carriage and address, but leave them to the care of your dancing-master, and to your own attention to the best models; remember, however, that they are of consequence.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading DEAR BOY: Having in my last pointed out what sort of company you should keep, I will now give you some rules for your conduct in it; rules which my own experience and observation enable me to lay down, and communicate to you, with some degree of confidence.

methodicaladjectiveUS /məˈθɑːdəkəl/

characterized by method and orderliness

From this reading I have often given you hints of this kind before, but then it has been by snatches; I will now be more regular and methodical.

modelsnounUS /ˈmɑːdəlz/

plural of “model” — a hypothetical description of a complex entity or process

From this reading I shall say nothing with regard to your bodily carriage and address, but leave them to the care of your dancing-master, and to your own attention to the best models; remember, however, that they are of consequence.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading I have often given you hints of this kind before, but then it has been by snatches; I will now be more regular and methodical.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading DEAR BOY: Having in my last pointed out what sort of company you should keep, I will now give you some rules for your conduct in it; rules which my own experience and observation enable me to lay down, and communicate to you, with some degree of confidence.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading I shall say nothing with regard to your bodily carriage and address, but leave them to the care of your dancing-master, and to your own attention to the best models; remember, however, that they are of consequence.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading DEAR BOY: Having in my last pointed out what sort of company you should keep, I will now give you some rules for your conduct in it; rules which my own experience and observation enable me to lay down, and communicate to you, with some degree of confidence.

OnounUS /oʊ/

a nonmetallic bivalent element that is normally a colorless odorless tasteless nonflammable diatomic gas; constitutes 21 percent of the atmosphere by volume; the most abundant element in the earth's crust

From this reading BATH, October 19, O. S.

observationnounUS /ˌɑːbzərˈveɪʃən/

the act of making and recording a measurement

From this reading DEAR BOY: Having in my last pointed out what sort of company you should keep, I will now give you some rules for your conduct in it; rules which my own experience and observation enable me to lay down, and communicate to you, with some degree of confidence.

OctobernounUS /ɑːkˈtoʊbər/

the month following September and preceding November

From this reading BATH, October 19, O. S.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading DEAR BOY: Having in my last pointed out what sort of company you should keep, I will now give you some rules for your conduct in it; rules which my own experience and observation enable me to lay down, and communicate to you, with some degree of confidence.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading I have often given you hints of this kind before, but then it has been by snatches; I will now be more regular and methodical.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading DEAR BOY: Having in my last pointed out what sort of company you should keep, I will now give you some rules for your conduct in it; rules which my own experience and observation enable me to lay down, and communicate to you, with some degree of confidence.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading DEAR BOY: Having in my last pointed out what sort of company you should keep, I will now give you some rules for your conduct in it; rules which my own experience and observation enable me to lay down, and communicate to you, with some degree of confidence.

pointedadjectiveUS /ˈpɔɪntɪd/

having a point

From this reading DEAR BOY: Having in my last pointed out what sort of company you should keep, I will now give you some rules for your conduct in it; rules which my own experience and observation enable me to lay down, and communicate to you, with some degree of confidence.

regardnounUS /rɪˈɡɑːrd/

(usually preceded by “in”) a detail or point

From this reading I shall say nothing with regard to your bodily carriage and address, but leave them to the care of your dancing-master, and to your own attention to the best models; remember, however, that they are of consequence.

regularadjectiveUS /ˈreɡjələr/

in accordance with fixed order or procedure or principle

From this reading I have often given you hints of this kind before, but then it has been by snatches; I will now be more regular and methodical.

rememberverbUS /rɪˈmɛm.bər/

To recall to mind.

From this reading I shall say nothing with regard to your bodily carriage and address, but leave them to the care of your dancing-master, and to your own attention to the best models; remember, however, that they are of consequence.

rulesnounUS /ruːlz/

plural of “rule” — a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior

From this reading DEAR BOY: Having in my last pointed out what sort of company you should keep, I will now give you some rules for your conduct in it; rules which my own experience and observation enable me to lay down, and communicate to you, with some degree of confidence.

SnounUS /es/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading BATH, October 19, O. S.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading I shall say nothing with regard to your bodily carriage and address, but leave them to the care of your dancing-master, and to your own attention to the best models; remember, however, that they are of consequence.

shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading I shall say nothing with regard to your bodily carriage and address, but leave them to the care of your dancing-master, and to your own attention to the best models; remember, however, that they are of consequence.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading DEAR BOY: Having in my last pointed out what sort of company you should keep, I will now give you some rules for your conduct in it; rules which my own experience and observation enable me to lay down, and communicate to you, with some degree of confidence.

snatchesnounUS /ˈsnætʃɪz/

plural of “snatch” — a small fragment

From this reading I have often given you hints of this kind before, but then it has been by snatches; I will now be more regular and methodical.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading DEAR BOY: Having in my last pointed out what sort of company you should keep, I will now give you some rules for your conduct in it; rules which my own experience and observation enable me to lay down, and communicate to you, with some degree of confidence.

sortnounUS /sɔːrt/

a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading DEAR BOY: Having in my last pointed out what sort of company you should keep, I will now give you some rules for your conduct in it; rules which my own experience and observation enable me to lay down, and communicate to you, with some degree of confidence.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading I shall say nothing with regard to your bodily carriage and address, but leave them to the care of your dancing-master, and to your own attention to the best models; remember, however, that they are of consequence.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading I shall say nothing with regard to your bodily carriage and address, but leave them to the care of your dancing-master, and to your own attention to the best models; remember, however, that they are of consequence.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading I shall say nothing with regard to your bodily carriage and address, but leave them to the care of your dancing-master, and to your own attention to the best models; remember, however, that they are of consequence.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading I have often given you hints of this kind before, but then it has been by snatches; I will now be more regular and methodical.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading I shall say nothing with regard to your bodily carriage and address, but leave them to the care of your dancing-master, and to your own attention to the best models; remember, however, that they are of consequence.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading I have often given you hints of this kind before, but then it has been by snatches; I will now be more regular and methodical.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading DEAR BOY: Having in my last pointed out what sort of company you should keep, I will now give you some rules for your conduct in it; rules which my own experience and observation enable me to lay down, and communicate to you, with some degree of confidence.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading DEAR BOY: Having in my last pointed out what sort of company you should keep, I will now give you some rules for your conduct in it; rules which my own experience and observation enable me to lay down, and communicate to you, with some degree of confidence.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading DEAR BOY: Having in my last pointed out what sort of company you should keep, I will now give you some rules for your conduct in it; rules which my own experience and observation enable me to lay down, and communicate to you, with some degree of confidence.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading DEAR BOY: Having in my last pointed out what sort of company you should keep, I will now give you some rules for your conduct in it; rules which my own experience and observation enable me to lay down, and communicate to you, with some degree of confidence.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading DEAR BOY: Having in my last pointed out what sort of company you should keep, I will now give you some rules for your conduct in it; rules which my own experience and observation enable me to lay down, and communicate to you, with some degree of confidence.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading DEAR BOY: Having in my last pointed out what sort of company you should keep, I will now give you some rules for your conduct in it; rules which my own experience and observation enable me to lay down, and communicate to you, with some degree of confidence.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading DEAR BOY: Having in my last pointed out what sort of company you should keep, I will now give you some rules for your conduct in it; rules which my own experience and observation enable me to lay down, and communicate to you, with some degree of confidence.

Chapter 31 of Letters to His Son, 1748 On the Fine Art of by Philip Dormer Stanhope, Earl of Chesterfield holds 71 sentences, grouped into 15 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of Letters to His Son, 1748 On the Fine Art of contain?

Chapter 31 holds 71 sentences of Letters to His Son, 1748 On the Fine Art of, unabridged, divided into 15 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of Letters to His Son, 1748 On the Fine Art of by Philip Dormer Stanhope, Earl of Chesterfield exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 71 sentences, grouped into 15 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of Letters to His Son, 1748 On the Fine Art of?

Work through the 15 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 15 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Yes. All 1441 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #3352 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #3352, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 120 minutes of reading across 289 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Letters to His Son, 1748 On the Fine Art of

Words and structures a reader meets early in Letters to His Son, 1748 On the Fine Art of, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

January
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1748 On the Fine Art of; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Edified
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1748 On the Fine Art of; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Allotment
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1748 On the Fine Art of; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Leipsig
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1748 On the Fine Art of; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.