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Letters to His Son, 1749 On the Fine Art of
Letters to His Son, 1749 On the Fine Art of

Chapter XXXVI · Chapter 36

Chapter 36 of Letters to His Son, 1749 On the Fine Art of is here in full — 61 sentences across 13 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Letters to His Son, 1749 On the Fine Art of
Context Illustration Reading 1/12 · 5 lines
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LONDON, December 19, O. S.
1749.
DEAR BOY: The knowledge of mankind is a very use ful knowledge for everybody; a most necessary one for you, who are destined to an active, public life.
You will have to do with all sorts of characters; you should, therefore, know them thoroughly, in order to manage them ably.
This knowledge is not to be gotten systematically; you must acquire it yourself by your own observation and sagacity; I will give you such hints as I think may be useful land-marks in your intended progress.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Letters to His Son, 1749 On the Fine Art of

Chapter XXXVI · Chapter 36

Chapter 36 of Letters to His Son, 1749 On the Fine Art of is here in full — 61 sentences across 13 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/12 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
LONDON, December 19, O. S.
Line 2
1749.
Line 3
DEAR BOY: The knowledge of mankind is a very use ful knowledge for everybody; a most necessary one for you, who are destined to an active, public life.
Line 4
You will have to do with all sorts of characters; you should, therefore, know them thoroughly, in order to manage them ably.
/juː wɪl hæv tuː duː wɪð ɔːl sɔːrts ʌv ˈkærəktərz juː ʃʊd ˈðerfɔːr noʊ ðem ˈθɜːroʊli ɪn ˈɔːrdər tuː ˈmænədʒ ðem ˈeɪbli/
Line 5
This knowledge is not to be gotten systematically; you must acquire it yourself by your own observation and sagacity; I will give you such hints as I think may be useful land-marks in your intended progress.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

ably adverb US /ˈeɪbli/

with competence; in a competent capable manner

From this reading “You will have to do with all sorts of characters; you should, therefore, know them thoroughly, in order to manage them ably.”

acquire verb US /əˈkwaɪər/

come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading “This knowledge is not to be gotten systematically; you must acquire it yourself by your own observation and sagacity; I will give you such hints as I think may be useful land-marks in your intended progress.”

December noun US /dɪˈsembər/

the last (12th) month of the year

From this reading “LONDON, December 19, O. S.”

destined adjective US /ˈdestɪnd/

headed or intending to head in a certain direction; often used as a combining form as in “college-bound students”

From this reading “DEAR BOY: The knowledge of mankind is a very use ful knowledge for everybody; a most necessary one for you, who are destined to an active, public life.”

gotten verb US /ˈɡɑːtən/

inflected form of “get” — come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading “This knowledge is not to be gotten systematically; you must acquire it yourself by your own observation and sagacity; I will give you such hints as I think may be useful land-marks in your intended progress.”

hints noun US /hɪnts/

plural of “hint” — an indirect suggestion

From this reading “This knowledge is not to be gotten systematically; you must acquire it yourself by your own observation and sagacity; I will give you such hints as I think may be useful land-marks in your intended progress.”

sagacity noun US /səˈɡæs.ə.t̬i/

The quality of being sagacious; keen wisdom and sound judgment. (Sự minh triết, sự sáng suốt.)

From this reading “This knowledge is not to be gotten systematically; you must acquire it yourself by your own observation and sagacity; I will give you such hints as I think may be useful land-marks in your intended progress.”

systematically adverb US /ˌsɪstəˈmætɪkli/

in a systematic or consistent manner

From this reading “This knowledge is not to be gotten systematically; you must acquire it yourself by your own observation and sagacity; I will give you such hints as I think may be useful land-marks in your intended progress.”

All words in this reading · 73

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1749

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 1749.

19

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading LONDON, December 19, O. S.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading DEAR BOY: The knowledge of mankind is a very use ful knowledge for everybody; a most necessary one for you, who are destined to an active, public life.

ablyadverbUS /ˈeɪbli/

with competence; in a competent capable manner

From this reading You will have to do with all sorts of characters; you should, therefore, know them thoroughly, in order to manage them ably.

acquireverbUS /əˈkwaɪər/

come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading This knowledge is not to be gotten systematically; you must acquire it yourself by your own observation and sagacity; I will give you such hints as I think may be useful land-marks in your intended progress.

activeadjectiveUS /ˈæktɪv/

tending to become more severe or wider in scope

From this reading DEAR BOY: The knowledge of mankind is a very use ful knowledge for everybody; a most necessary one for you, who are destined to an active, public life.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading You will have to do with all sorts of characters; you should, therefore, know them thoroughly, in order to manage them ably.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading DEAR BOY: The knowledge of mankind is a very use ful knowledge for everybody; a most necessary one for you, who are destined to an active, public life.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading This knowledge is not to be gotten systematically; you must acquire it yourself by your own observation and sagacity; I will give you such hints as I think may be useful land-marks in your intended progress.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading DEAR BOY: The knowledge of mankind is a very use ful knowledge for everybody; a most necessary one for you, who are destined to an active, public life.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading This knowledge is not to be gotten systematically; you must acquire it yourself by your own observation and sagacity; I will give you such hints as I think may be useful land-marks in your intended progress.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading This knowledge is not to be gotten systematically; you must acquire it yourself by your own observation and sagacity; I will give you such hints as I think may be useful land-marks in your intended progress.

BOYnounUS /bɔɪ/

a youthful male person

From this reading DEAR BOY: The knowledge of mankind is a very use ful knowledge for everybody; a most necessary one for you, who are destined to an active, public life.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading This knowledge is not to be gotten systematically; you must acquire it yourself by your own observation and sagacity; I will give you such hints as I think may be useful land-marks in your intended progress.

charactersnounUS /ˈkærəktərz/

plural of “character” — an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading You will have to do with all sorts of characters; you should, therefore, know them thoroughly, in order to manage them ably.

DEARadjectiveUS /dɪr/

dearly loved

From this reading DEAR BOY: The knowledge of mankind is a very use ful knowledge for everybody; a most necessary one for you, who are destined to an active, public life.

DecembernounUS /dɪˈsembər/

the last (12th) month of the year

From this reading LONDON, December 19, O. S.

destinedadjectiveUS /ˈdestɪnd/

headed or intending to head in a certain direction; often used as a combining form as in “college-bound students”

From this reading DEAR BOY: The knowledge of mankind is a very use ful knowledge for everybody; a most necessary one for you, who are destined to an active, public life.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading You will have to do with all sorts of characters; you should, therefore, know them thoroughly, in order to manage them ably.

everybodypronounUS /ˈevribɑːdi/

every person

From this reading DEAR BOY: The knowledge of mankind is a very use ful knowledge for everybody; a most necessary one for you, who are destined to an active, public life.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading DEAR BOY: The knowledge of mankind is a very use ful knowledge for everybody; a most necessary one for you, who are destined to an active, public life.

fulnoun

a family of languages of the Fulani of West Africa and used as a lingua franca in the sub-Saharan regions from Senegal to Chad; the best known of the West African languages

From this reading DEAR BOY: The knowledge of mankind is a very use ful knowledge for everybody; a most necessary one for you, who are destined to an active, public life.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading This knowledge is not to be gotten systematically; you must acquire it yourself by your own observation and sagacity; I will give you such hints as I think may be useful land-marks in your intended progress.

gottenverbUS /ˈɡɑːtən/

inflected form of “get” — come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading This knowledge is not to be gotten systematically; you must acquire it yourself by your own observation and sagacity; I will give you such hints as I think may be useful land-marks in your intended progress.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading You will have to do with all sorts of characters; you should, therefore, know them thoroughly, in order to manage them ably.

hintsnounUS /hɪnts/

plural of “hint” — an indirect suggestion

From this reading This knowledge is not to be gotten systematically; you must acquire it yourself by your own observation and sagacity; I will give you such hints as I think may be useful land-marks in your intended progress.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading This knowledge is not to be gotten systematically; you must acquire it yourself by your own observation and sagacity; I will give you such hints as I think may be useful land-marks in your intended progress.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading You will have to do with all sorts of characters; you should, therefore, know them thoroughly, in order to manage them ably.

intendedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtendɪd/

resulting from one's intentions

From this reading This knowledge is not to be gotten systematically; you must acquire it yourself by your own observation and sagacity; I will give you such hints as I think may be useful land-marks in your intended progress.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading DEAR BOY: The knowledge of mankind is a very use ful knowledge for everybody; a most necessary one for you, who are destined to an active, public life.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading This knowledge is not to be gotten systematically; you must acquire it yourself by your own observation and sagacity; I will give you such hints as I think may be useful land-marks in your intended progress.

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading You will have to do with all sorts of characters; you should, therefore, know them thoroughly, in order to manage them ably.

knowledgenounUS /ˈnɑːlədʒ/

the psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning

From this reading DEAR BOY: The knowledge of mankind is a very use ful knowledge for everybody; a most necessary one for you, who are destined to an active, public life.

land-marks

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This knowledge is not to be gotten systematically; you must acquire it yourself by your own observation and sagacity; I will give you such hints as I think may be useful land-marks in your intended progress.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading DEAR BOY: The knowledge of mankind is a very use ful knowledge for everybody; a most necessary one for you, who are destined to an active, public life.

LONDONnounUS /ˈlʌndən/

the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center

From this reading LONDON, December 19, O. S.

manageverbUS /ˈmænədʒ/

be successful; achieve a goal

From this reading You will have to do with all sorts of characters; you should, therefore, know them thoroughly, in order to manage them ably.

mankindnounUS /ˈmænˈkaɪnd/

all of the living human inhabitants of the earth

From this reading DEAR BOY: The knowledge of mankind is a very use ful knowledge for everybody; a most necessary one for you, who are destined to an active, public life.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading This knowledge is not to be gotten systematically; you must acquire it yourself by your own observation and sagacity; I will give you such hints as I think may be useful land-marks in your intended progress.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading DEAR BOY: The knowledge of mankind is a very use ful knowledge for everybody; a most necessary one for you, who are destined to an active, public life.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading This knowledge is not to be gotten systematically; you must acquire it yourself by your own observation and sagacity; I will give you such hints as I think may be useful land-marks in your intended progress.

necessaryadjectiveUS /ˈnesəseri/

absolutely essential

From this reading DEAR BOY: The knowledge of mankind is a very use ful knowledge for everybody; a most necessary one for you, who are destined to an active, public life.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading This knowledge is not to be gotten systematically; you must acquire it yourself by your own observation and sagacity; I will give you such hints as I think may be useful land-marks in your intended progress.

OnounUS /oʊ/

a nonmetallic bivalent element that is normally a colorless odorless tasteless nonflammable diatomic gas; constitutes 21 percent of the atmosphere by volume; the most abundant element in the earth's crust

From this reading LONDON, December 19, O. S.

observationnounUS /ˌɑːbzərˈveɪʃən/

the act of making and recording a measurement

From this reading This knowledge is not to be gotten systematically; you must acquire it yourself by your own observation and sagacity; I will give you such hints as I think may be useful land-marks in your intended progress.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading DEAR BOY: The knowledge of mankind is a very use ful knowledge for everybody; a most necessary one for you, who are destined to an active, public life.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading DEAR BOY: The knowledge of mankind is a very use ful knowledge for everybody; a most necessary one for you, who are destined to an active, public life.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading You will have to do with all sorts of characters; you should, therefore, know them thoroughly, in order to manage them ably.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading This knowledge is not to be gotten systematically; you must acquire it yourself by your own observation and sagacity; I will give you such hints as I think may be useful land-marks in your intended progress.

progressnounUS /ˈprɑːɡres/

gradual improvement or growth or development

From this reading This knowledge is not to be gotten systematically; you must acquire it yourself by your own observation and sagacity; I will give you such hints as I think may be useful land-marks in your intended progress.

publicnounUS /ˈpʌblɪk/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading DEAR BOY: The knowledge of mankind is a very use ful knowledge for everybody; a most necessary one for you, who are destined to an active, public life.

SnounUS /es/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading LONDON, December 19, O. S.

sagacitynounUS /səˈɡæs.ə.t̬i/

The quality of being sagacious; keen wisdom and sound judgment. (Sự minh triết, sự sáng suốt.)

From this reading This knowledge is not to be gotten systematically; you must acquire it yourself by your own observation and sagacity; I will give you such hints as I think may be useful land-marks in your intended progress.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading You will have to do with all sorts of characters; you should, therefore, know them thoroughly, in order to manage them ably.

sortsnounUS /sɔːrts/

plural of “sort” — a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading You will have to do with all sorts of characters; you should, therefore, know them thoroughly, in order to manage them ably.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading This knowledge is not to be gotten systematically; you must acquire it yourself by your own observation and sagacity; I will give you such hints as I think may be useful land-marks in your intended progress.

systematicallyadverbUS /ˌsɪstəˈmætɪkli/

in a systematic or consistent manner

From this reading This knowledge is not to be gotten systematically; you must acquire it yourself by your own observation and sagacity; I will give you such hints as I think may be useful land-marks in your intended progress.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading DEAR BOY: The knowledge of mankind is a very use ful knowledge for everybody; a most necessary one for you, who are destined to an active, public life.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading You will have to do with all sorts of characters; you should, therefore, know them thoroughly, in order to manage them ably.

thereforeadverbUS /ˈðerfɔːr/

for that reason; as a result

From this reading You will have to do with all sorts of characters; you should, therefore, know them thoroughly, in order to manage them ably.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading This knowledge is not to be gotten systematically; you must acquire it yourself by your own observation and sagacity; I will give you such hints as I think may be useful land-marks in your intended progress.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This knowledge is not to be gotten systematically; you must acquire it yourself by your own observation and sagacity; I will give you such hints as I think may be useful land-marks in your intended progress.

thoroughlyadverbUS /ˈθɜːroʊli/

in an exhaustive manner

From this reading You will have to do with all sorts of characters; you should, therefore, know them thoroughly, in order to manage them ably.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading DEAR BOY: The knowledge of mankind is a very use ful knowledge for everybody; a most necessary one for you, who are destined to an active, public life.

usenounUS /juːs/

the act of using

From this reading DEAR BOY: The knowledge of mankind is a very use ful knowledge for everybody; a most necessary one for you, who are destined to an active, public life.

usefuladjectiveUS /ˈjuːsfəl/

being of use or service

From this reading This knowledge is not to be gotten systematically; you must acquire it yourself by your own observation and sagacity; I will give you such hints as I think may be useful land-marks in your intended progress.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading DEAR BOY: The knowledge of mankind is a very use ful knowledge for everybody; a most necessary one for you, who are destined to an active, public life.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading DEAR BOY: The knowledge of mankind is a very use ful knowledge for everybody; a most necessary one for you, who are destined to an active, public life.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading You will have to do with all sorts of characters; you should, therefore, know them thoroughly, in order to manage them ably.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading You will have to do with all sorts of characters; you should, therefore, know them thoroughly, in order to manage them ably.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading DEAR BOY: The knowledge of mankind is a very use ful knowledge for everybody; a most necessary one for you, who are destined to an active, public life.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading This knowledge is not to be gotten systematically; you must acquire it yourself by your own observation and sagacity; I will give you such hints as I think may be useful land-marks in your intended progress.

yourselfpronounUS /jərˈself/

used when the person spoken to is also the object of the action

From this reading This knowledge is not to be gotten systematically; you must acquire it yourself by your own observation and sagacity; I will give you such hints as I think may be useful land-marks in your intended progress.

Chapter 36 of Letters to His Son, 1749 On the Fine Art of by Philip Dormer Stanhope, Earl of Chesterfield holds 61 sentences, grouped into 13 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 36 of Letters to His Son, 1749 On the Fine Art of contain?

Chapter 36 holds 61 sentences of Letters to His Son, 1749 On the Fine Art of, unabridged, divided into 13 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 36 of Letters to His Son, 1749 On the Fine Art of by Philip Dormer Stanhope, Earl of Chesterfield exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 61 sentences, grouped into 13 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 36 of Letters to His Son, 1749 On the Fine Art of?

Work through the 13 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 13 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 36 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Vocabulary met early in Letters to His Son, 1749 On the Fine Art of

Words and structures a reader meets early in Letters to His Son, 1749 On the Fine Art of, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

London
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1749 On the Fine Art of; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
January
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1749 On the Fine Art of; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Received
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1749 On the Fine Art of; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Letter
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1749 On the Fine Art of; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.