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Letters to His Son, 1751 On the Fine Art of
Letters to His Son, 1751 On the Fine Art of

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Letters to His Son, 1751 On the Fine Art of is here in full — 35 sentences across 7 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/7 · 5 lines
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LONDON, January 14, O. S.
1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: Among the many good things Mr. Harte has told me of you, two in particular gave me great pleasure.
The first, that you are exceedingly careful and jealous of the dignity of your character; that is the sure and solid foundation upon which you must both stand and rise.
A man's moral character is a more delicate thing than a woman's reputation of chastity.
A slip or two may possibly be forgiven her, and her character may be clarified by subsequent and continued good conduct: but a man's moral character once tainted is irreparably destroyed.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Letters to His Son, 1751 On the Fine Art of

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Letters to His Son, 1751 On the Fine Art of is here in full — 35 sentences across 7 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/7 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
LONDON, January 14, O. S.
Line 2
1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: Among the many good things Mr. Harte has told me of you, two in particular gave me great pleasure.
Line 3
The first, that you are exceedingly careful and jealous of the dignity of your character; that is the sure and solid foundation upon which you must both stand and rise.
/ðə fɜːrst ðæt juː ɑːr ɪkˈsiːdɪŋli ˈkerfəl ənd ˈdʒeləs ʌv ðə ˈdɪɡnəti ʌv jɔːr ˈkerɪktər ðæt ɪz ðə ʃʊr ənd ˈsɑːləd faʊnˈdeɪʃən əˈpɑːn wɪtʃ juː mʌst boʊθ stænd ənd raɪz/
Line 4
A man's moral character is a more delicate thing than a woman's reputation of chastity.
/ə mænz ˈmɔːrəl ˈkerɪktər ɪz ə mɔːr ˈdeləkət θɪŋ ðæn ə ˈwʊmənz ˌrepjəˈteɪʃən ʌv ˈtʃæstəti/
Line 5
A slip or two may possibly be forgiven her, and her character may be clarified by subsequent and continued good conduct: but a man's moral character once tainted is irreparably destroyed.
/ə slɪp ɔːr tuː meɪ ˈpɑːsəbli biː fərˈɡɪvən hɜːr ənd hɜːr ˈkerɪktər meɪ biː ˈklerəfaɪd baɪ ˈsʌbsəkwənt ənd kənˈtɪnjuːd ɡʊd ˈkɑːndəkt bʌt ə mænz ˈmɔːrəl ˈkerɪktər wʌns ˈteɪntɪd ɪz ˌɪˈrepərəbli dɪˈstrɔɪd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

chastity noun US /ˈtʃæstəti/

abstaining from sexual relations (as because of religious vows)

From this reading “A man's moral character is a more delicate thing than a woman's reputation of chastity.”

clarified verb US /ˈklerəfaɪd/

inflected form of “clarify” — make clear and (more) comprehensible

From this reading “A slip or two may possibly be forgiven her, and her character may be clarified by subsequent and continued good conduct: but a man's moral character once tainted is irreparably destroyed.”

forgiven verb US /fərˈɡɪvən/

inflected form of “forgive” — stop blaming or grant forgiveness

From this reading “A slip or two may possibly be forgiven her, and her character may be clarified by subsequent and continued good conduct: but a man's moral character once tainted is irreparably destroyed.”

foundation noun US /faʊnˈdeɪʃən/

the basis on which something is grounded

From this reading “The first, that you are exceedingly careful and jealous of the dignity of your character; that is the sure and solid foundation upon which you must both stand and rise.”

Harte noun US /hɑːrt/

United States writer noted for his stories about life during the California gold rush (1836-1902)

From this reading “1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: Among the many good things Mr. Harte has told me of you, two in particular gave me great pleasure.”

irreparably adverb US /ˌɪˈrepərəbli/

in an irreparable manner or to an irreparable degree

From this reading “A slip or two may possibly be forgiven her, and her character may be clarified by subsequent and continued good conduct: but a man's moral character once tainted is irreparably destroyed.”

subsequent adjective US /ˈsʌbsəkwənt/

following in time or order

From this reading “A slip or two may possibly be forgiven her, and her character may be clarified by subsequent and continued good conduct: but a man's moral character once tainted is irreparably destroyed.”

tainted adjective US /ˈteɪntɪd/

touched by rot or decay

From this reading “A slip or two may possibly be forgiven her, and her character may be clarified by subsequent and continued good conduct: but a man's moral character once tainted is irreparably destroyed.”

All words in this reading · 74

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

14

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading LONDON, January 14, O. S.

1751

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: Among the many good things Mr. Harte has told me of you, two in particular gave me great pleasure.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A man's moral character is a more delicate thing than a woman's reputation of chastity.

AmongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: Among the many good things Mr. Harte has told me of you, two in particular gave me great pleasure.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The first, that you are exceedingly careful and jealous of the dignity of your character; that is the sure and solid foundation upon which you must both stand and rise.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The first, that you are exceedingly careful and jealous of the dignity of your character; that is the sure and solid foundation upon which you must both stand and rise.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading A slip or two may possibly be forgiven her, and her character may be clarified by subsequent and continued good conduct: but a man's moral character once tainted is irreparably destroyed.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading The first, that you are exceedingly careful and jealous of the dignity of your character; that is the sure and solid foundation upon which you must both stand and rise.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading A slip or two may possibly be forgiven her, and her character may be clarified by subsequent and continued good conduct: but a man's moral character once tainted is irreparably destroyed.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading A slip or two may possibly be forgiven her, and her character may be clarified by subsequent and continued good conduct: but a man's moral character once tainted is irreparably destroyed.

carefuladjectiveUS /ˈkerfəl/

exercising caution or showing care or attention

From this reading The first, that you are exceedingly careful and jealous of the dignity of your character; that is the sure and solid foundation upon which you must both stand and rise.

characternounUS /ˈkerɪktər/

an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading The first, that you are exceedingly careful and jealous of the dignity of your character; that is the sure and solid foundation upon which you must both stand and rise.

chastitynounUS /ˈtʃæstəti/

abstaining from sexual relations (as because of religious vows)

From this reading A man's moral character is a more delicate thing than a woman's reputation of chastity.

clarifiedverbUS /ˈklerəfaɪd/

inflected form of “clarify” — make clear and (more) comprehensible

From this reading A slip or two may possibly be forgiven her, and her character may be clarified by subsequent and continued good conduct: but a man's moral character once tainted is irreparably destroyed.

conductverbUS /ˈkɑːndəkt/

direct the course of; manage or control

From this reading A slip or two may possibly be forgiven her, and her character may be clarified by subsequent and continued good conduct: but a man's moral character once tainted is irreparably destroyed.

continuedadjectiveUS /kənˈtɪnjuːd/

without stop or interruption

From this reading A slip or two may possibly be forgiven her, and her character may be clarified by subsequent and continued good conduct: but a man's moral character once tainted is irreparably destroyed.

DEARadjectiveUS /dɪr/

dearly loved

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: Among the many good things Mr. Harte has told me of you, two in particular gave me great pleasure.

delicateadjectiveUS /ˈdeləkət/

exquisitely fine and subtle and pleasing; susceptible to injury

From this reading A man's moral character is a more delicate thing than a woman's reputation of chastity.

destroyedadjectiveUS /dɪˈstrɔɪd/

spoiled or ruined or demolished

From this reading A slip or two may possibly be forgiven her, and her character may be clarified by subsequent and continued good conduct: but a man's moral character once tainted is irreparably destroyed.

dignitynounUS /ˈdɪɡnəti/

the quality of being worthy of esteem or respect

From this reading The first, that you are exceedingly careful and jealous of the dignity of your character; that is the sure and solid foundation upon which you must both stand and rise.

exceedinglyadverbUS /ɪkˈsiːdɪŋli/

to an extreme degree

From this reading The first, that you are exceedingly careful and jealous of the dignity of your character; that is the sure and solid foundation upon which you must both stand and rise.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading The first, that you are exceedingly careful and jealous of the dignity of your character; that is the sure and solid foundation upon which you must both stand and rise.

forgivenverbUS /fərˈɡɪvən/

inflected form of “forgive” — stop blaming or grant forgiveness

From this reading A slip or two may possibly be forgiven her, and her character may be clarified by subsequent and continued good conduct: but a man's moral character once tainted is irreparably destroyed.

foundationnounUS /faʊnˈdeɪʃən/

the basis on which something is grounded

From this reading The first, that you are exceedingly careful and jealous of the dignity of your character; that is the sure and solid foundation upon which you must both stand and rise.

FRIENDnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: Among the many good things Mr. Harte has told me of you, two in particular gave me great pleasure.

gaveverbUS /ɡeɪv/

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: Among the many good things Mr. Harte has told me of you, two in particular gave me great pleasure.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: Among the many good things Mr. Harte has told me of you, two in particular gave me great pleasure.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: Among the many good things Mr. Harte has told me of you, two in particular gave me great pleasure.

HartenounUS /hɑːrt/

United States writer noted for his stories about life during the California gold rush (1836-1902)

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: Among the many good things Mr. Harte has told me of you, two in particular gave me great pleasure.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: Among the many good things Mr. Harte has told me of you, two in particular gave me great pleasure.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading A slip or two may possibly be forgiven her, and her character may be clarified by subsequent and continued good conduct: but a man's moral character once tainted is irreparably destroyed.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: Among the many good things Mr. Harte has told me of you, two in particular gave me great pleasure.

irreparablyadverbUS /ˌɪˈrepərəbli/

in an irreparable manner or to an irreparable degree

From this reading A slip or two may possibly be forgiven her, and her character may be clarified by subsequent and continued good conduct: but a man's moral character once tainted is irreparably destroyed.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The first, that you are exceedingly careful and jealous of the dignity of your character; that is the sure and solid foundation upon which you must both stand and rise.

JanuarynounUS /ˈdʒænjuːeri/

the first month of the year; begins 10 days after the winter solstice

From this reading LONDON, January 14, O. S.

jealousadjectiveUS /ˈdʒeləs/

showing extreme cupidity; painfully desirous of another's advantages

From this reading The first, that you are exceedingly careful and jealous of the dignity of your character; that is the sure and solid foundation upon which you must both stand and rise.

LONDONnounUS /ˈlʌndən/

the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center

From this reading LONDON, January 14, O. S.

man'snounUS /mænz/

possessive form of “man” — an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading A man's moral character is a more delicate thing than a woman's reputation of chastity.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: Among the many good things Mr. Harte has told me of you, two in particular gave me great pleasure.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading A slip or two may possibly be forgiven her, and her character may be clarified by subsequent and continued good conduct: but a man's moral character once tainted is irreparably destroyed.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: Among the many good things Mr. Harte has told me of you, two in particular gave me great pleasure.

moraladjectiveUS /ˈmɔːrəl/

concerned with principles of right and wrong or conforming to standards of behavior and character based on those principles

From this reading A man's moral character is a more delicate thing than a woman's reputation of chastity.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading A man's moral character is a more delicate thing than a woman's reputation of chastity.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: Among the many good things Mr. Harte has told me of you, two in particular gave me great pleasure.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading The first, that you are exceedingly careful and jealous of the dignity of your character; that is the sure and solid foundation upon which you must both stand and rise.

MYdeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: Among the many good things Mr. Harte has told me of you, two in particular gave me great pleasure.

OnounUS /oʊ/

a nonmetallic bivalent element that is normally a colorless odorless tasteless nonflammable diatomic gas; constitutes 21 percent of the atmosphere by volume; the most abundant element in the earth's crust

From this reading LONDON, January 14, O. S.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: Among the many good things Mr. Harte has told me of you, two in particular gave me great pleasure.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading A slip or two may possibly be forgiven her, and her character may be clarified by subsequent and continued good conduct: but a man's moral character once tainted is irreparably destroyed.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading A slip or two may possibly be forgiven her, and her character may be clarified by subsequent and continued good conduct: but a man's moral character once tainted is irreparably destroyed.

particularadjectiveUS /pərˈtɪkjələr/

unique or specific to a person or thing or category

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: Among the many good things Mr. Harte has told me of you, two in particular gave me great pleasure.

pleasurenounUS /ˈpleʒər/

a fundamental feeling that is hard to define but that people desire to experience

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: Among the many good things Mr. Harte has told me of you, two in particular gave me great pleasure.

possiblyadverbUS /ˈpɑːsəbli/

by chance

From this reading A slip or two may possibly be forgiven her, and her character may be clarified by subsequent and continued good conduct: but a man's moral character once tainted is irreparably destroyed.

reputationnounUS /ˌrepjəˈteɪʃən/

the state of being held in high esteem and honor

From this reading A man's moral character is a more delicate thing than a woman's reputation of chastity.

riseverbUS /raɪz/

move upward

From this reading The first, that you are exceedingly careful and jealous of the dignity of your character; that is the sure and solid foundation upon which you must both stand and rise.

SnounUS /es/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading LONDON, January 14, O. S.

slipverbUS /slɪp/

move stealthily

From this reading A slip or two may possibly be forgiven her, and her character may be clarified by subsequent and continued good conduct: but a man's moral character once tainted is irreparably destroyed.

solidadjectiveUS /ˈsɑːləd/

characterized by good substantial quality

From this reading The first, that you are exceedingly careful and jealous of the dignity of your character; that is the sure and solid foundation upon which you must both stand and rise.

standverbUS /stænd/

be standing; be upright

From this reading The first, that you are exceedingly careful and jealous of the dignity of your character; that is the sure and solid foundation upon which you must both stand and rise.

subsequentadjectiveUS /ˈsʌbsəkwənt/

following in time or order

From this reading A slip or two may possibly be forgiven her, and her character may be clarified by subsequent and continued good conduct: but a man's moral character once tainted is irreparably destroyed.

sureadjectiveUS /ʃʊr/

having or feeling no doubt or uncertainty; confident and assured

From this reading The first, that you are exceedingly careful and jealous of the dignity of your character; that is the sure and solid foundation upon which you must both stand and rise.

taintedadjectiveUS /ˈteɪntɪd/

touched by rot or decay

From this reading A slip or two may possibly be forgiven her, and her character may be clarified by subsequent and continued good conduct: but a man's moral character once tainted is irreparably destroyed.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading A man's moral character is a more delicate thing than a woman's reputation of chastity.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The first, that you are exceedingly careful and jealous of the dignity of your character; that is the sure and solid foundation upon which you must both stand and rise.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: Among the many good things Mr. Harte has told me of you, two in particular gave me great pleasure.

thingnounUS /θɪŋ/

a special situation

From this reading A man's moral character is a more delicate thing than a woman's reputation of chastity.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: Among the many good things Mr. Harte has told me of you, two in particular gave me great pleasure.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: Among the many good things Mr. Harte has told me of you, two in particular gave me great pleasure.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: Among the many good things Mr. Harte has told me of you, two in particular gave me great pleasure.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The first, that you are exceedingly careful and jealous of the dignity of your character; that is the sure and solid foundation upon which you must both stand and rise.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The first, that you are exceedingly careful and jealous of the dignity of your character; that is the sure and solid foundation upon which you must both stand and rise.

woman'snounUS /ˈwʊmənz/

possessive form of “woman” — an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading A man's moral character is a more delicate thing than a woman's reputation of chastity.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: Among the many good things Mr. Harte has told me of you, two in particular gave me great pleasure.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading The first, that you are exceedingly careful and jealous of the dignity of your character; that is the sure and solid foundation upon which you must both stand and rise.

Chapter 2 of Letters to His Son, 1751 On the Fine Art of by Philip Dormer Stanhope, Earl of Chesterfield holds 35 sentences, grouped into 7 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of Letters to His Son, 1751 On the Fine Art of contain?

Chapter 2 holds 35 sentences of Letters to His Son, 1751 On the Fine Art of, unabridged, divided into 7 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of Letters to His Son, 1751 On the Fine Art of by Philip Dormer Stanhope, Earl of Chesterfield exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 35 sentences, grouped into 7 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of Letters to His Son, 1751 On the Fine Art of?

Work through the 7 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 7 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Vocabulary met early in Letters to His Son, 1751 On the Fine Art of

Words and structures a reader meets early in Letters to His Son, 1751 On the Fine Art of, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Friend
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1751 On the Fine Art of; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Letter
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1751 On the Fine Art of; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Debut'
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1751 On the Fine Art of; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Paris
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1751 On the Fine Art of; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.