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Letters to His Son, 1751 On the Fine Art of
Letters to His Son, 1751 On the Fine Art of

Chapter VI · Chapter 6

Chapter 6 of Letters to His Son, 1751 On the Fine Art of is here in full — 48 sentences across 10 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Letters to His Son, 1751 On the Fine Art of
Context Illustration Reading 1/9 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
LONDON, February 11, O. S.
1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: When you go to the play, which I hope you do often, for it is a very instructive amusement, you must certainly have observed the very different effects which the several parts have upon you, according as they are well or ill acted.
The very best tragedy of, Corneille's, if well spoken and acted, interests, engages, agitates, and affects your passions.
Love, terror, and pity alternately possess you.
But, if ill spoken and acted, it would only excite your indignation or your laughter.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Letters to His Son, 1751 On the Fine Art of

Chapter VI · Chapter 6

Chapter 6 of Letters to His Son, 1751 On the Fine Art of is here in full — 48 sentences across 10 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/9 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
LONDON, February 11, O. S.
Line 2
1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: When you go to the play, which I hope you do often, for it is a very instructive amusement, you must certainly have observed the very different effects which the several parts have upon you, according as they are well or ill acted.
Line 3
The very best tragedy of, Corneille's, if well spoken and acted, interests, engages, agitates, and affects your passions.
Line 4
Love, terror, and pity alternately possess you.
/lʌv ˈterər ənd ˈpɪti ˈɔːltərnətli pəˈzes juː/
Line 5
But, if ill spoken and acted, it would only excite your indignation or your laughter.
/bʌt ɪf ɪl ˈspoʊkən ənd ˈæktɪd ɪt wʊd ˈoʊnli ɪkˈsaɪt jɔːr ˌɪndɪɡˈneɪʃən ɔːr jɔːr ˈlæftər/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

affects noun US /əˈfekts/

plural of “affect” — the conscious subjective aspect of feeling or emotion

From this reading “The very best tragedy of, Corneille's, if well spoken and acted, interests, engages, agitates, and affects your passions.”

alternately adverb US /ˈɔːltərnətli/

in an alternating sequence or position

From this reading “Love, terror, and pity alternately possess you.”

engages verb US /enˈɡeɪdʒɪz/

third-person singular of “engage” — carry out or participate in an activity; be involved in

From this reading “The very best tragedy of, Corneille's, if well spoken and acted, interests, engages, agitates, and affects your passions.”

excite verb US /ɪkˈsaɪt/

arouse or elicit a feeling

From this reading “But, if ill spoken and acted, it would only excite your indignation or your laughter.”

February noun US /ˈfebjəweri/

the month following January and preceding March

From this reading “LONDON, February 11, O. S.”

instructive adjective US /ˌɪnˈstrʌktɪv/

serving to instruct or enlighten or inform

From this reading “1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: When you go to the play, which I hope you do often, for it is a very instructive amusement, you must certainly have observed the very different effects which the several parts have upon you, according as they are well or ill acted.”

passions noun US /ˈpæʃənz/

plural of “passion” — a strong feeling or emotion

From this reading “The very best tragedy of, Corneille's, if well spoken and acted, interests, engages, agitates, and affects your passions.”

tragedy noun US /ˈtrædʒədi/

an event resulting in great loss and misfortune

From this reading “The very best tragedy of, Corneille's, if well spoken and acted, interests, engages, agitates, and affects your passions.”

All words in this reading · 68

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

11

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading LONDON, February 11, O. S.

1751

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: When you go to the play, which I hope you do often, for it is a very instructive amusement, you must certainly have observed the very different effects which the several parts have upon you, according as they are well or ill acted.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: When you go to the play, which I hope you do often, for it is a very instructive amusement, you must certainly have observed the very different effects which the several parts have upon you, according as they are well or ill acted.

accordingadjectiveUS /əˈkɔːrdɪŋ/

(followed by “to”) in agreement with or accordant with

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: When you go to the play, which I hope you do often, for it is a very instructive amusement, you must certainly have observed the very different effects which the several parts have upon you, according as they are well or ill acted.

actedverbUS /ˈæktɪd/

past form of “act” — perform an action, or work out or perform (an action)

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: When you go to the play, which I hope you do often, for it is a very instructive amusement, you must certainly have observed the very different effects which the several parts have upon you, according as they are well or ill acted.

affectsnounUS /əˈfekts/

plural of “affect” — the conscious subjective aspect of feeling or emotion

From this reading The very best tragedy of, Corneille's, if well spoken and acted, interests, engages, agitates, and affects your passions.

agitates

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The very best tragedy of, Corneille's, if well spoken and acted, interests, engages, agitates, and affects your passions.

alternatelyadverbUS /ˈɔːltərnətli/

in an alternating sequence or position

From this reading Love, terror, and pity alternately possess you.

amusementnounUS /əˈmjuːzmənt/

a feeling of delight at being entertained

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: When you go to the play, which I hope you do often, for it is a very instructive amusement, you must certainly have observed the very different effects which the several parts have upon you, according as they are well or ill acted.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The very best tragedy of, Corneille's, if well spoken and acted, interests, engages, agitates, and affects your passions.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: When you go to the play, which I hope you do often, for it is a very instructive amusement, you must certainly have observed the very different effects which the several parts have upon you, according as they are well or ill acted.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: When you go to the play, which I hope you do often, for it is a very instructive amusement, you must certainly have observed the very different effects which the several parts have upon you, according as they are well or ill acted.

bestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading The very best tragedy of, Corneille's, if well spoken and acted, interests, engages, agitates, and affects your passions.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But, if ill spoken and acted, it would only excite your indignation or your laughter.

certainlyadverbUS /ˈsɜːrtənli/

definitely or positively (“sure” is sometimes used informally for “surely”)

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: When you go to the play, which I hope you do often, for it is a very instructive amusement, you must certainly have observed the very different effects which the several parts have upon you, according as they are well or ill acted.

Corneille's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The very best tragedy of, Corneille's, if well spoken and acted, interests, engages, agitates, and affects your passions.

DEARadjectiveUS /dɪr/

dearly loved

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: When you go to the play, which I hope you do often, for it is a very instructive amusement, you must certainly have observed the very different effects which the several parts have upon you, according as they are well or ill acted.

differentadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfərənt/

unlike in nature or quality or form or degree

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: When you go to the play, which I hope you do often, for it is a very instructive amusement, you must certainly have observed the very different effects which the several parts have upon you, according as they are well or ill acted.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: When you go to the play, which I hope you do often, for it is a very instructive amusement, you must certainly have observed the very different effects which the several parts have upon you, according as they are well or ill acted.

effectsnounUS /ɪˈfekts/

property of a personal character that is portable but not used in business

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: When you go to the play, which I hope you do often, for it is a very instructive amusement, you must certainly have observed the very different effects which the several parts have upon you, according as they are well or ill acted.

engagesverbUS /enˈɡeɪdʒɪz/

third-person singular of “engage” — carry out or participate in an activity; be involved in

From this reading The very best tragedy of, Corneille's, if well spoken and acted, interests, engages, agitates, and affects your passions.

exciteverbUS /ɪkˈsaɪt/

arouse or elicit a feeling

From this reading But, if ill spoken and acted, it would only excite your indignation or your laughter.

FebruarynounUS /ˈfebjəweri/

the month following January and preceding March

From this reading LONDON, February 11, O. S.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: When you go to the play, which I hope you do often, for it is a very instructive amusement, you must certainly have observed the very different effects which the several parts have upon you, according as they are well or ill acted.

FRIENDnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: When you go to the play, which I hope you do often, for it is a very instructive amusement, you must certainly have observed the very different effects which the several parts have upon you, according as they are well or ill acted.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: When you go to the play, which I hope you do often, for it is a very instructive amusement, you must certainly have observed the very different effects which the several parts have upon you, according as they are well or ill acted.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: When you go to the play, which I hope you do often, for it is a very instructive amusement, you must certainly have observed the very different effects which the several parts have upon you, according as they are well or ill acted.

hopenounUS /hoʊp/

a specific instance of feeling hopeful

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: When you go to the play, which I hope you do often, for it is a very instructive amusement, you must certainly have observed the very different effects which the several parts have upon you, according as they are well or ill acted.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: When you go to the play, which I hope you do often, for it is a very instructive amusement, you must certainly have observed the very different effects which the several parts have upon you, according as they are well or ill acted.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading The very best tragedy of, Corneille's, if well spoken and acted, interests, engages, agitates, and affects your passions.

illadjectiveUS /ɪl/

affected by an impairment of normal physical or mental function

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: When you go to the play, which I hope you do often, for it is a very instructive amusement, you must certainly have observed the very different effects which the several parts have upon you, according as they are well or ill acted.

indignationnounUS /ˌɪndɪɡˈneɪʃən/

a feeling of righteous anger

From this reading But, if ill spoken and acted, it would only excite your indignation or your laughter.

instructiveadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈstrʌktɪv/

serving to instruct or enlighten or inform

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: When you go to the play, which I hope you do often, for it is a very instructive amusement, you must certainly have observed the very different effects which the several parts have upon you, according as they are well or ill acted.

interestsnounUS /ˈɪntrəsts/

plural of “interest” — a sense of concern with and curiosity about someone or something

From this reading The very best tragedy of, Corneille's, if well spoken and acted, interests, engages, agitates, and affects your passions.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: When you go to the play, which I hope you do often, for it is a very instructive amusement, you must certainly have observed the very different effects which the several parts have upon you, according as they are well or ill acted.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: When you go to the play, which I hope you do often, for it is a very instructive amusement, you must certainly have observed the very different effects which the several parts have upon you, according as they are well or ill acted.

laughternounUS /ˈlæftər/

the sound of laughing

From this reading But, if ill spoken and acted, it would only excite your indignation or your laughter.

LONDONnounUS /ˈlʌndən/

the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center

From this reading LONDON, February 11, O. S.

LovenounUS /lʌv/

a strong positive emotion of regard and affection

From this reading Love, terror, and pity alternately possess you.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: When you go to the play, which I hope you do often, for it is a very instructive amusement, you must certainly have observed the very different effects which the several parts have upon you, according as they are well or ill acted.

MYdeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: When you go to the play, which I hope you do often, for it is a very instructive amusement, you must certainly have observed the very different effects which the several parts have upon you, according as they are well or ill acted.

OnounUS /oʊ/

a nonmetallic bivalent element that is normally a colorless odorless tasteless nonflammable diatomic gas; constitutes 21 percent of the atmosphere by volume; the most abundant element in the earth's crust

From this reading LONDON, February 11, O. S.

observedadjectiveUS /əbˈzɜːrvd/

discovered or determined by scientific observation

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: When you go to the play, which I hope you do often, for it is a very instructive amusement, you must certainly have observed the very different effects which the several parts have upon you, according as they are well or ill acted.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The very best tragedy of, Corneille's, if well spoken and acted, interests, engages, agitates, and affects your passions.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: When you go to the play, which I hope you do often, for it is a very instructive amusement, you must certainly have observed the very different effects which the several parts have upon you, according as they are well or ill acted.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading But, if ill spoken and acted, it would only excite your indignation or your laughter.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: When you go to the play, which I hope you do often, for it is a very instructive amusement, you must certainly have observed the very different effects which the several parts have upon you, according as they are well or ill acted.

partsnounUS /pɑːrts/

the local environment

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: When you go to the play, which I hope you do often, for it is a very instructive amusement, you must certainly have observed the very different effects which the several parts have upon you, according as they are well or ill acted.

passionsnounUS /ˈpæʃənz/

plural of “passion” — a strong feeling or emotion

From this reading The very best tragedy of, Corneille's, if well spoken and acted, interests, engages, agitates, and affects your passions.

pitynounUS /ˈpɪti/

a feeling of sympathy and sorrow for the misfortunes of others

From this reading Love, terror, and pity alternately possess you.

playverbUS /pleɪ/

participate in games or sport

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: When you go to the play, which I hope you do often, for it is a very instructive amusement, you must certainly have observed the very different effects which the several parts have upon you, according as they are well or ill acted.

possessverbUS /pəˈzes/

have as an attribute, knowledge, or skill

From this reading Love, terror, and pity alternately possess you.

SnounUS /es/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading LONDON, February 11, O. S.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: When you go to the play, which I hope you do often, for it is a very instructive amusement, you must certainly have observed the very different effects which the several parts have upon you, according as they are well or ill acted.

spokenadjectiveUS /ˈspoʊkən/

uttered through the medium of speech or characterized by speech; sometimes used in combination

From this reading The very best tragedy of, Corneille's, if well spoken and acted, interests, engages, agitates, and affects your passions.

terrornounUS /ˈterər/

an overwhelming feeling of fear and anxiety

From this reading Love, terror, and pity alternately possess you.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: When you go to the play, which I hope you do often, for it is a very instructive amusement, you must certainly have observed the very different effects which the several parts have upon you, according as they are well or ill acted.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: When you go to the play, which I hope you do often, for it is a very instructive amusement, you must certainly have observed the very different effects which the several parts have upon you, according as they are well or ill acted.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: When you go to the play, which I hope you do often, for it is a very instructive amusement, you must certainly have observed the very different effects which the several parts have upon you, according as they are well or ill acted.

tragedynounUS /ˈtrædʒədi/

an event resulting in great loss and misfortune

From this reading The very best tragedy of, Corneille's, if well spoken and acted, interests, engages, agitates, and affects your passions.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: When you go to the play, which I hope you do often, for it is a very instructive amusement, you must certainly have observed the very different effects which the several parts have upon you, according as they are well or ill acted.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: When you go to the play, which I hope you do often, for it is a very instructive amusement, you must certainly have observed the very different effects which the several parts have upon you, according as they are well or ill acted.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: When you go to the play, which I hope you do often, for it is a very instructive amusement, you must certainly have observed the very different effects which the several parts have upon you, according as they are well or ill acted.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: When you go to the play, which I hope you do often, for it is a very instructive amusement, you must certainly have observed the very different effects which the several parts have upon you, according as they are well or ill acted.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: When you go to the play, which I hope you do often, for it is a very instructive amusement, you must certainly have observed the very different effects which the several parts have upon you, according as they are well or ill acted.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading But, if ill spoken and acted, it would only excite your indignation or your laughter.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading 1751 MY DEAR FRIEND: When you go to the play, which I hope you do often, for it is a very instructive amusement, you must certainly have observed the very different effects which the several parts have upon you, according as they are well or ill acted.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading The very best tragedy of, Corneille's, if well spoken and acted, interests, engages, agitates, and affects your passions.

Chapter 6 of Letters to His Son, 1751 On the Fine Art of by Philip Dormer Stanhope, Earl of Chesterfield holds 48 sentences, grouped into 10 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 6 of Letters to His Son, 1751 On the Fine Art of contain?

Chapter 6 holds 48 sentences of Letters to His Son, 1751 On the Fine Art of, unabridged, divided into 10 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 6 of Letters to His Son, 1751 On the Fine Art of by Philip Dormer Stanhope, Earl of Chesterfield exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 48 sentences, grouped into 10 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 6 of Letters to His Son, 1751 On the Fine Art of?

Work through the 10 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 10 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 6 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #3355, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 105 minutes of reading across 254 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Letters to His Son, 1751 On the Fine Art of

Words and structures a reader meets early in Letters to His Son, 1751 On the Fine Art of, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Friend
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1751 On the Fine Art of; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Letter
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1751 On the Fine Art of; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Debut'
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1751 On the Fine Art of; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Paris
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1751 On the Fine Art of; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.