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Letters to His Son, 1752 On the Fine Art of
Letters to His Son, 1752 On the Fine Art of

Chapter XIV · Chapter 14

Chapter 14 of Letters to His Son, 1752 On the Fine Art of is here in full — 42 sentences across 9 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Letters to His Son, 1752 On the Fine Art of
Context Illustration Reading 1/8 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
LONDON, May 31, O. S.
1752 MY DEAR FRIEND: The world is the book, and the only one to which, at present, I would have you apply yourself; and the thorough knowledge of it will be of more use to you, than all the books that ever were read.
Lay aside the best book whenever you can go into the best company; and depend upon it, you change for the better.
However, as the most tumultuous life, whether of business or pleasure, leaves some vacant moments every day, in which a book is the refuge of a rational being, I mean now to point out to you the method of employing those moments (which will and ought to be but few) in the most advantageous manner.
Throw away none of your time upon those trivial, futile books, published by idle or necessitous authors, for the amusement of idle and ignorant readers; such sort of books swarm and buzz about one every day; flap them away, they have no sting.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Letters to His Son, 1752 On the Fine Art of

Chapter XIV · Chapter 14

Chapter 14 of Letters to His Son, 1752 On the Fine Art of is here in full — 42 sentences across 9 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/8 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
LONDON, May 31, O. S.
Line 2
1752 MY DEAR FRIEND: The world is the book, and the only one to which, at present, I would have you apply yourself; and the thorough knowledge of it will be of more use to you, than all the books that ever were read.
Line 3
Lay aside the best book whenever you can go into the best company; and depend upon it, you change for the better.
/leɪ əˈsaɪd ðə best bʊk weˈnevər juː kæn ɡoʊ ˈɪntuː ðə best ˈkʌmpəniː ənd dɪˈpend əˈpɑːn ɪt juː tʃeɪndʒ fɔːr ðə ˈbetər/
Line 4
However, as the most tumultuous life, whether of business or pleasure, leaves some vacant moments every day, in which a book is the refuge of a rational being, I mean now to point out to you the method of employing those moments (which will and ought to be but few) in the most advantageous manner.
/ˌhaʊˈevər æz ðə moʊst ˌtuːˈmʌltʃuːəs laɪf ˈweðər ʌv ˈbɪznəs ɔːr ˈpleʒər liːvz sʌm ˈveɪkənt ˈmoʊmənts ˈevəri deɪ ɪn wɪtʃ ə bʊk ɪz ðə ˈrefjuːdʒ ʌv ə ˈræʃ.ən.əl ˈbiːɪŋ aɪ miːn naʊ tuː pɔɪnt aʊt tuː juː ðə ˈmeθəd ʌv emˈplɔɪɪŋ ðoʊz ˈmoʊmənts wɪtʃ wɪl ənd ɔːt tuː biː bʌt fjuː ɪn ðə moʊst ˌædvənˈteɪdʒəs ˈmænər/
Line 5
Throw away none of your time upon those trivial, futile books, published by idle or necessitous authors, for the amusement of idle and ignorant readers; such sort of books swarm and buzz about one every day; flap them away, they have no sting.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

advantageous adjective US /ˌædvənˈteɪdʒəs/

giving an advantage

From this reading “However, as the most tumultuous life, whether of business or pleasure, leaves some vacant moments every day, in which a book is the refuge of a rational being, I mean now to point out to you the method of employing those moments (which will and ought to be but few) in the most advantageous manner.”

buzz verb US /bʌz/

make a buzzing sound

From this reading “Throw away none of your time upon those trivial, futile books, published by idle or necessitous authors, for the amusement of idle and ignorant readers; such sort of books swarm and buzz about one every day; flap them away, they have no sting.”

employing verb US /emˈplɔɪɪŋ/

-ing form of “employ” — put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose

From this reading “However, as the most tumultuous life, whether of business or pleasure, leaves some vacant moments every day, in which a book is the refuge of a rational being, I mean now to point out to you the method of employing those moments (which will and ought to be but few) in the most advantageous manner.”

flap verb US /flæp/

move in a wavy pattern or with a rising and falling motion

From this reading “Throw away none of your time upon those trivial, futile books, published by idle or necessitous authors, for the amusement of idle and ignorant readers; such sort of books swarm and buzz about one every day; flap them away, they have no sting.”

futile adjective US /ˈfjuːtəl/

producing no result or effect

From this reading “Throw away none of your time upon those trivial, futile books, published by idle or necessitous authors, for the amusement of idle and ignorant readers; such sort of books swarm and buzz about one every day; flap them away, they have no sting.”

sting verb US /stɪŋ/

cause a sharp or stinging pain or discomfort

From this reading “Throw away none of your time upon those trivial, futile books, published by idle or necessitous authors, for the amusement of idle and ignorant readers; such sort of books swarm and buzz about one every day; flap them away, they have no sting.”

swarm noun US /swɔːrm/

a moving crowd

From this reading “Throw away none of your time upon those trivial, futile books, published by idle or necessitous authors, for the amusement of idle and ignorant readers; such sort of books swarm and buzz about one every day; flap them away, they have no sting.”

tumultuous adjective US /ˌtuːˈmʌltʃuːəs/

characterized by unrest or disorder or insubordination

From this reading “However, as the most tumultuous life, whether of business or pleasure, leaves some vacant moments every day, in which a book is the refuge of a rational being, I mean now to point out to you the method of employing those moments (which will and ought to be but few) in the most advantageous manner.”

All words in this reading · 111

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1752

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 1752 MY DEAR FRIEND: The world is the book, and the only one to which, at present, I would have you apply yourself; and the thorough knowledge of it will be of more use to you, than all the books that ever were read.

31

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading LONDON, May 31, O. S.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading However, as the most tumultuous life, whether of business or pleasure, leaves some vacant moments every day, in which a book is the refuge of a rational being, I mean now to point out to you the method of employing those moments (which will and ought to be but few) in the most advantageous manner.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Throw away none of your time upon those trivial, futile books, published by idle or necessitous authors, for the amusement of idle and ignorant readers; such sort of books swarm and buzz about one every day; flap them away, they have no sting.

advantageousadjectiveUS /ˌædvənˈteɪdʒəs/

giving an advantage

From this reading However, as the most tumultuous life, whether of business or pleasure, leaves some vacant moments every day, in which a book is the refuge of a rational being, I mean now to point out to you the method of employing those moments (which will and ought to be but few) in the most advantageous manner.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading 1752 MY DEAR FRIEND: The world is the book, and the only one to which, at present, I would have you apply yourself; and the thorough knowledge of it will be of more use to you, than all the books that ever were read.

amusementnounUS /əˈmjuːzmənt/

a feeling of delight at being entertained

From this reading Throw away none of your time upon those trivial, futile books, published by idle or necessitous authors, for the amusement of idle and ignorant readers; such sort of books swarm and buzz about one every day; flap them away, they have no sting.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading 1752 MY DEAR FRIEND: The world is the book, and the only one to which, at present, I would have you apply yourself; and the thorough knowledge of it will be of more use to you, than all the books that ever were read.

applyverbUS /əˈplaɪ/

put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose

From this reading 1752 MY DEAR FRIEND: The world is the book, and the only one to which, at present, I would have you apply yourself; and the thorough knowledge of it will be of more use to you, than all the books that ever were read.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading However, as the most tumultuous life, whether of business or pleasure, leaves some vacant moments every day, in which a book is the refuge of a rational being, I mean now to point out to you the method of employing those moments (which will and ought to be but few) in the most advantageous manner.

asideadverbUS /əˈsaɪd/

on or to one side

From this reading Lay aside the best book whenever you can go into the best company; and depend upon it, you change for the better.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading 1752 MY DEAR FRIEND: The world is the book, and the only one to which, at present, I would have you apply yourself; and the thorough knowledge of it will be of more use to you, than all the books that ever were read.

authorsnounUS /ˈɔːθərz/

plural of “author” — writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading Throw away none of your time upon those trivial, futile books, published by idle or necessitous authors, for the amusement of idle and ignorant readers; such sort of books swarm and buzz about one every day; flap them away, they have no sting.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Throw away none of your time upon those trivial, futile books, published by idle or necessitous authors, for the amusement of idle and ignorant readers; such sort of books swarm and buzz about one every day; flap them away, they have no sting.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading 1752 MY DEAR FRIEND: The world is the book, and the only one to which, at present, I would have you apply yourself; and the thorough knowledge of it will be of more use to you, than all the books that ever were read.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading However, as the most tumultuous life, whether of business or pleasure, leaves some vacant moments every day, in which a book is the refuge of a rational being, I mean now to point out to you the method of employing those moments (which will and ought to be but few) in the most advantageous manner.

bestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading Lay aside the best book whenever you can go into the best company; and depend upon it, you change for the better.

betteradjectiveUS /ˈbetər/

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading Lay aside the best book whenever you can go into the best company; and depend upon it, you change for the better.

booknounUS /bʊk/

a written work or composition that has been published (printed on pages bound together)

From this reading 1752 MY DEAR FRIEND: The world is the book, and the only one to which, at present, I would have you apply yourself; and the thorough knowledge of it will be of more use to you, than all the books that ever were read.

booksnounUS /bʊks/

Bound written or printed works.

From this reading 1752 MY DEAR FRIEND: The world is the book, and the only one to which, at present, I would have you apply yourself; and the thorough knowledge of it will be of more use to you, than all the books that ever were read.

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading However, as the most tumultuous life, whether of business or pleasure, leaves some vacant moments every day, in which a book is the refuge of a rational being, I mean now to point out to you the method of employing those moments (which will and ought to be but few) in the most advantageous manner.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading However, as the most tumultuous life, whether of business or pleasure, leaves some vacant moments every day, in which a book is the refuge of a rational being, I mean now to point out to you the method of employing those moments (which will and ought to be but few) in the most advantageous manner.

buzzverbUS /bʌz/

make a buzzing sound

From this reading Throw away none of your time upon those trivial, futile books, published by idle or necessitous authors, for the amusement of idle and ignorant readers; such sort of books swarm and buzz about one every day; flap them away, they have no sting.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Throw away none of your time upon those trivial, futile books, published by idle or necessitous authors, for the amusement of idle and ignorant readers; such sort of books swarm and buzz about one every day; flap them away, they have no sting.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading Lay aside the best book whenever you can go into the best company; and depend upon it, you change for the better.

changeverbUS /tʃeɪndʒ/

cause to change; make different; cause a transformation

From this reading Lay aside the best book whenever you can go into the best company; and depend upon it, you change for the better.

companynounUS /ˈkʌmpəniː/

an institution created to conduct business

From this reading Lay aside the best book whenever you can go into the best company; and depend upon it, you change for the better.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading However, as the most tumultuous life, whether of business or pleasure, leaves some vacant moments every day, in which a book is the refuge of a rational being, I mean now to point out to you the method of employing those moments (which will and ought to be but few) in the most advantageous manner.

DEARadjectiveUS /dɪr/

dearly loved

From this reading 1752 MY DEAR FRIEND: The world is the book, and the only one to which, at present, I would have you apply yourself; and the thorough knowledge of it will be of more use to you, than all the books that ever were read.

dependverbUS /dɪˈpend/

be contingent upon (something that is elided)

From this reading Lay aside the best book whenever you can go into the best company; and depend upon it, you change for the better.

employingverbUS /emˈplɔɪɪŋ/

-ing form of “employ” — put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose

From this reading However, as the most tumultuous life, whether of business or pleasure, leaves some vacant moments every day, in which a book is the refuge of a rational being, I mean now to point out to you the method of employing those moments (which will and ought to be but few) in the most advantageous manner.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading 1752 MY DEAR FRIEND: The world is the book, and the only one to which, at present, I would have you apply yourself; and the thorough knowledge of it will be of more use to you, than all the books that ever were read.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading However, as the most tumultuous life, whether of business or pleasure, leaves some vacant moments every day, in which a book is the refuge of a rational being, I mean now to point out to you the method of employing those moments (which will and ought to be but few) in the most advantageous manner.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading However, as the most tumultuous life, whether of business or pleasure, leaves some vacant moments every day, in which a book is the refuge of a rational being, I mean now to point out to you the method of employing those moments (which will and ought to be but few) in the most advantageous manner.

flapverbUS /flæp/

move in a wavy pattern or with a rising and falling motion

From this reading Throw away none of your time upon those trivial, futile books, published by idle or necessitous authors, for the amusement of idle and ignorant readers; such sort of books swarm and buzz about one every day; flap them away, they have no sting.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Lay aside the best book whenever you can go into the best company; and depend upon it, you change for the better.

FRIENDnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading 1752 MY DEAR FRIEND: The world is the book, and the only one to which, at present, I would have you apply yourself; and the thorough knowledge of it will be of more use to you, than all the books that ever were read.

futileadjectiveUS /ˈfjuːtəl/

producing no result or effect

From this reading Throw away none of your time upon those trivial, futile books, published by idle or necessitous authors, for the amusement of idle and ignorant readers; such sort of books swarm and buzz about one every day; flap them away, they have no sting.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading Lay aside the best book whenever you can go into the best company; and depend upon it, you change for the better.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading 1752 MY DEAR FRIEND: The world is the book, and the only one to which, at present, I would have you apply yourself; and the thorough knowledge of it will be of more use to you, than all the books that ever were read.

HoweveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading However, as the most tumultuous life, whether of business or pleasure, leaves some vacant moments every day, in which a book is the refuge of a rational being, I mean now to point out to you the method of employing those moments (which will and ought to be but few) in the most advantageous manner.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading 1752 MY DEAR FRIEND: The world is the book, and the only one to which, at present, I would have you apply yourself; and the thorough knowledge of it will be of more use to you, than all the books that ever were read.

idleadjectiveUS /ˈaɪdəl/

not in action or at work

From this reading Throw away none of your time upon those trivial, futile books, published by idle or necessitous authors, for the amusement of idle and ignorant readers; such sort of books swarm and buzz about one every day; flap them away, they have no sting.

ignorantadjectiveUS /ˈɪɡnərənt/

uneducated in general; lacking knowledge or sophistication

From this reading Throw away none of your time upon those trivial, futile books, published by idle or necessitous authors, for the amusement of idle and ignorant readers; such sort of books swarm and buzz about one every day; flap them away, they have no sting.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading However, as the most tumultuous life, whether of business or pleasure, leaves some vacant moments every day, in which a book is the refuge of a rational being, I mean now to point out to you the method of employing those moments (which will and ought to be but few) in the most advantageous manner.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Lay aside the best book whenever you can go into the best company; and depend upon it, you change for the better.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading 1752 MY DEAR FRIEND: The world is the book, and the only one to which, at present, I would have you apply yourself; and the thorough knowledge of it will be of more use to you, than all the books that ever were read.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading 1752 MY DEAR FRIEND: The world is the book, and the only one to which, at present, I would have you apply yourself; and the thorough knowledge of it will be of more use to you, than all the books that ever were read.

knowledgenounUS /ˈnɑːlədʒ/

the psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning

From this reading 1752 MY DEAR FRIEND: The world is the book, and the only one to which, at present, I would have you apply yourself; and the thorough knowledge of it will be of more use to you, than all the books that ever were read.

LayverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Lay aside the best book whenever you can go into the best company; and depend upon it, you change for the better.

leavesnounUS /liːvz/

plural of “leaf” — the main organ of photosynthesis and transpiration in higher plants

From this reading However, as the most tumultuous life, whether of business or pleasure, leaves some vacant moments every day, in which a book is the refuge of a rational being, I mean now to point out to you the method of employing those moments (which will and ought to be but few) in the most advantageous manner.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading However, as the most tumultuous life, whether of business or pleasure, leaves some vacant moments every day, in which a book is the refuge of a rational being, I mean now to point out to you the method of employing those moments (which will and ought to be but few) in the most advantageous manner.

LONDONnounUS /ˈlʌndən/

the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center

From this reading LONDON, May 31, O. S.

mannernounUS /ˈmænər/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading However, as the most tumultuous life, whether of business or pleasure, leaves some vacant moments every day, in which a book is the refuge of a rational being, I mean now to point out to you the method of employing those moments (which will and ought to be but few) in the most advantageous manner.

Maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading LONDON, May 31, O. S.

meanverbUS /miːn/

mean or intend to express or convey

From this reading However, as the most tumultuous life, whether of business or pleasure, leaves some vacant moments every day, in which a book is the refuge of a rational being, I mean now to point out to you the method of employing those moments (which will and ought to be but few) in the most advantageous manner.

methodnounUS /ˈmeθəd/

a way of doing something, especially a systematic way; implies an orderly logical arrangement (usually in steps)

From this reading However, as the most tumultuous life, whether of business or pleasure, leaves some vacant moments every day, in which a book is the refuge of a rational being, I mean now to point out to you the method of employing those moments (which will and ought to be but few) in the most advantageous manner.

momentsnounUS /ˈmoʊmənts/

plural of “moment” — a particular point in time

From this reading However, as the most tumultuous life, whether of business or pleasure, leaves some vacant moments every day, in which a book is the refuge of a rational being, I mean now to point out to you the method of employing those moments (which will and ought to be but few) in the most advantageous manner.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading 1752 MY DEAR FRIEND: The world is the book, and the only one to which, at present, I would have you apply yourself; and the thorough knowledge of it will be of more use to you, than all the books that ever were read.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading However, as the most tumultuous life, whether of business or pleasure, leaves some vacant moments every day, in which a book is the refuge of a rational being, I mean now to point out to you the method of employing those moments (which will and ought to be but few) in the most advantageous manner.

MYdeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading 1752 MY DEAR FRIEND: The world is the book, and the only one to which, at present, I would have you apply yourself; and the thorough knowledge of it will be of more use to you, than all the books that ever were read.

necessitousadjective

poor enough to need help from others

From this reading Throw away none of your time upon those trivial, futile books, published by idle or necessitous authors, for the amusement of idle and ignorant readers; such sort of books swarm and buzz about one every day; flap them away, they have no sting.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Throw away none of your time upon those trivial, futile books, published by idle or necessitous authors, for the amusement of idle and ignorant readers; such sort of books swarm and buzz about one every day; flap them away, they have no sting.

nonepronounUS /nʌn/

not one, and not any

From this reading Throw away none of your time upon those trivial, futile books, published by idle or necessitous authors, for the amusement of idle and ignorant readers; such sort of books swarm and buzz about one every day; flap them away, they have no sting.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading However, as the most tumultuous life, whether of business or pleasure, leaves some vacant moments every day, in which a book is the refuge of a rational being, I mean now to point out to you the method of employing those moments (which will and ought to be but few) in the most advantageous manner.

OnounUS /oʊ/

a nonmetallic bivalent element that is normally a colorless odorless tasteless nonflammable diatomic gas; constitutes 21 percent of the atmosphere by volume; the most abundant element in the earth's crust

From this reading LONDON, May 31, O. S.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading 1752 MY DEAR FRIEND: The world is the book, and the only one to which, at present, I would have you apply yourself; and the thorough knowledge of it will be of more use to you, than all the books that ever were read.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading 1752 MY DEAR FRIEND: The world is the book, and the only one to which, at present, I would have you apply yourself; and the thorough knowledge of it will be of more use to you, than all the books that ever were read.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading 1752 MY DEAR FRIEND: The world is the book, and the only one to which, at present, I would have you apply yourself; and the thorough knowledge of it will be of more use to you, than all the books that ever were read.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading However, as the most tumultuous life, whether of business or pleasure, leaves some vacant moments every day, in which a book is the refuge of a rational being, I mean now to point out to you the method of employing those moments (which will and ought to be but few) in the most advantageous manner.

oughtmodal verbUS /ɔːt/

used with “to” to say what is right or advisable

From this reading However, as the most tumultuous life, whether of business or pleasure, leaves some vacant moments every day, in which a book is the refuge of a rational being, I mean now to point out to you the method of employing those moments (which will and ought to be but few) in the most advantageous manner.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading However, as the most tumultuous life, whether of business or pleasure, leaves some vacant moments every day, in which a book is the refuge of a rational being, I mean now to point out to you the method of employing those moments (which will and ought to be but few) in the most advantageous manner.

pleasurenounUS /ˈpleʒər/

a fundamental feeling that is hard to define but that people desire to experience

From this reading However, as the most tumultuous life, whether of business or pleasure, leaves some vacant moments every day, in which a book is the refuge of a rational being, I mean now to point out to you the method of employing those moments (which will and ought to be but few) in the most advantageous manner.

pointnounUS /pɔɪnt/

a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading However, as the most tumultuous life, whether of business or pleasure, leaves some vacant moments every day, in which a book is the refuge of a rational being, I mean now to point out to you the method of employing those moments (which will and ought to be but few) in the most advantageous manner.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading 1752 MY DEAR FRIEND: The world is the book, and the only one to which, at present, I would have you apply yourself; and the thorough knowledge of it will be of more use to you, than all the books that ever were read.

publishedadjectiveUS /ˈpʌblɪʃt/

prepared and printed for distribution and sale

From this reading Throw away none of your time upon those trivial, futile books, published by idle or necessitous authors, for the amusement of idle and ignorant readers; such sort of books swarm and buzz about one every day; flap them away, they have no sting.

rationaladjectiveUS /ˈræʃ.ən.əl/

Based on or in accordance with reason or logic rather than turbulent emotions.

From this reading However, as the most tumultuous life, whether of business or pleasure, leaves some vacant moments every day, in which a book is the refuge of a rational being, I mean now to point out to you the method of employing those moments (which will and ought to be but few) in the most advantageous manner.

readverbUS /red/

interpret something that is written or printed

From this reading 1752 MY DEAR FRIEND: The world is the book, and the only one to which, at present, I would have you apply yourself; and the thorough knowledge of it will be of more use to you, than all the books that ever were read.

readersnounUS /ˈriːdərz/

plural of “reader” — a person who enjoys reading

From this reading Throw away none of your time upon those trivial, futile books, published by idle or necessitous authors, for the amusement of idle and ignorant readers; such sort of books swarm and buzz about one every day; flap them away, they have no sting.

refugenounUS /ˈrefjuːdʒ/

a safe place

From this reading However, as the most tumultuous life, whether of business or pleasure, leaves some vacant moments every day, in which a book is the refuge of a rational being, I mean now to point out to you the method of employing those moments (which will and ought to be but few) in the most advantageous manner.

SnounUS /es/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading LONDON, May 31, O. S.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading However, as the most tumultuous life, whether of business or pleasure, leaves some vacant moments every day, in which a book is the refuge of a rational being, I mean now to point out to you the method of employing those moments (which will and ought to be but few) in the most advantageous manner.

sortnounUS /sɔːrt/

a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading Throw away none of your time upon those trivial, futile books, published by idle or necessitous authors, for the amusement of idle and ignorant readers; such sort of books swarm and buzz about one every day; flap them away, they have no sting.

stingverbUS /stɪŋ/

cause a sharp or stinging pain or discomfort

From this reading Throw away none of your time upon those trivial, futile books, published by idle or necessitous authors, for the amusement of idle and ignorant readers; such sort of books swarm and buzz about one every day; flap them away, they have no sting.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Throw away none of your time upon those trivial, futile books, published by idle or necessitous authors, for the amusement of idle and ignorant readers; such sort of books swarm and buzz about one every day; flap them away, they have no sting.

swarmnounUS /swɔːrm/

a moving crowd

From this reading Throw away none of your time upon those trivial, futile books, published by idle or necessitous authors, for the amusement of idle and ignorant readers; such sort of books swarm and buzz about one every day; flap them away, they have no sting.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading 1752 MY DEAR FRIEND: The world is the book, and the only one to which, at present, I would have you apply yourself; and the thorough knowledge of it will be of more use to you, than all the books that ever were read.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading 1752 MY DEAR FRIEND: The world is the book, and the only one to which, at present, I would have you apply yourself; and the thorough knowledge of it will be of more use to you, than all the books that ever were read.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading 1752 MY DEAR FRIEND: The world is the book, and the only one to which, at present, I would have you apply yourself; and the thorough knowledge of it will be of more use to you, than all the books that ever were read.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Throw away none of your time upon those trivial, futile books, published by idle or necessitous authors, for the amusement of idle and ignorant readers; such sort of books swarm and buzz about one every day; flap them away, they have no sting.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Throw away none of your time upon those trivial, futile books, published by idle or necessitous authors, for the amusement of idle and ignorant readers; such sort of books swarm and buzz about one every day; flap them away, they have no sting.

thoroughadjectiveUS /ˈθɜːroʊ/

painstakingly careful and accurate

From this reading 1752 MY DEAR FRIEND: The world is the book, and the only one to which, at present, I would have you apply yourself; and the thorough knowledge of it will be of more use to you, than all the books that ever were read.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading However, as the most tumultuous life, whether of business or pleasure, leaves some vacant moments every day, in which a book is the refuge of a rational being, I mean now to point out to you the method of employing those moments (which will and ought to be but few) in the most advantageous manner.

ThrowverbUS /θroʊ/

propel through the air

From this reading Throw away none of your time upon those trivial, futile books, published by idle or necessitous authors, for the amusement of idle and ignorant readers; such sort of books swarm and buzz about one every day; flap them away, they have no sting.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Throw away none of your time upon those trivial, futile books, published by idle or necessitous authors, for the amusement of idle and ignorant readers; such sort of books swarm and buzz about one every day; flap them away, they have no sting.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading 1752 MY DEAR FRIEND: The world is the book, and the only one to which, at present, I would have you apply yourself; and the thorough knowledge of it will be of more use to you, than all the books that ever were read.

trivialadjectiveUS /ˈtrɪviəl/

(informal) small and of little importance

From this reading Throw away none of your time upon those trivial, futile books, published by idle or necessitous authors, for the amusement of idle and ignorant readers; such sort of books swarm and buzz about one every day; flap them away, they have no sting.

tumultuousadjectiveUS /ˌtuːˈmʌltʃuːəs/

characterized by unrest or disorder or insubordination

From this reading However, as the most tumultuous life, whether of business or pleasure, leaves some vacant moments every day, in which a book is the refuge of a rational being, I mean now to point out to you the method of employing those moments (which will and ought to be but few) in the most advantageous manner.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Lay aside the best book whenever you can go into the best company; and depend upon it, you change for the better.

usenounUS /juːs/

the act of using

From this reading 1752 MY DEAR FRIEND: The world is the book, and the only one to which, at present, I would have you apply yourself; and the thorough knowledge of it will be of more use to you, than all the books that ever were read.

vacantadjectiveUS /ˈveɪkənt/

void of intelligence or thought

From this reading However, as the most tumultuous life, whether of business or pleasure, leaves some vacant moments every day, in which a book is the refuge of a rational being, I mean now to point out to you the method of employing those moments (which will and ought to be but few) in the most advantageous manner.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading 1752 MY DEAR FRIEND: The world is the book, and the only one to which, at present, I would have you apply yourself; and the thorough knowledge of it will be of more use to you, than all the books that ever were read.

wheneverconjunctionUS /weˈnevər/

at any time that; every time that

From this reading Lay aside the best book whenever you can go into the best company; and depend upon it, you change for the better.

whetherconjunctionUS /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading However, as the most tumultuous life, whether of business or pleasure, leaves some vacant moments every day, in which a book is the refuge of a rational being, I mean now to point out to you the method of employing those moments (which will and ought to be but few) in the most advantageous manner.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading 1752 MY DEAR FRIEND: The world is the book, and the only one to which, at present, I would have you apply yourself; and the thorough knowledge of it will be of more use to you, than all the books that ever were read.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading 1752 MY DEAR FRIEND: The world is the book, and the only one to which, at present, I would have you apply yourself; and the thorough knowledge of it will be of more use to you, than all the books that ever were read.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading 1752 MY DEAR FRIEND: The world is the book, and the only one to which, at present, I would have you apply yourself; and the thorough knowledge of it will be of more use to you, than all the books that ever were read.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading 1752 MY DEAR FRIEND: The world is the book, and the only one to which, at present, I would have you apply yourself; and the thorough knowledge of it will be of more use to you, than all the books that ever were read.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading 1752 MY DEAR FRIEND: The world is the book, and the only one to which, at present, I would have you apply yourself; and the thorough knowledge of it will be of more use to you, than all the books that ever were read.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading Throw away none of your time upon those trivial, futile books, published by idle or necessitous authors, for the amusement of idle and ignorant readers; such sort of books swarm and buzz about one every day; flap them away, they have no sting.

yourselfpronounUS /jərˈself/

used when the person spoken to is also the object of the action

From this reading 1752 MY DEAR FRIEND: The world is the book, and the only one to which, at present, I would have you apply yourself; and the thorough knowledge of it will be of more use to you, than all the books that ever were read.

Chapter 14 of Letters to His Son, 1752 On the Fine Art of by Philip Dormer Stanhope, Earl of Chesterfield holds 42 sentences, grouped into 9 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 14 of Letters to His Son, 1752 On the Fine Art of contain?

Chapter 14 holds 42 sentences of Letters to His Son, 1752 On the Fine Art of, unabridged, divided into 9 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 14 of Letters to His Son, 1752 On the Fine Art of by Philip Dormer Stanhope, Earl of Chesterfield exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 42 sentences, grouped into 9 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 14 of Letters to His Son, 1752 On the Fine Art of?

Work through the 9 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 9 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 14 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 14 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #3356, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 102 minutes of reading across 247 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Letters to His Son, 1752 On the Fine Art of

Words and structures a reader meets early in Letters to His Son, 1752 On the Fine Art of, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

London
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1752 On the Fine Art of; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
January
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1752 On the Fine Art of; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Friend
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1752 On the Fine Art of; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Laziness
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1752 On the Fine Art of; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.