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Letters to His Son, 1752 On the Fine Art of
Letters to His Son, 1752 On the Fine Art of

Chapter XXI · Chapter 21

Chapter 21 of Letters to His Son, 1752 On the Fine Art of is here in full — 21 sentences across 5 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

By Philip Dormer Stanhope, Earl of Chesterfield • Curated US English Learning Edition
Cover illustration for Letters to His Son, 1752 On the Fine Art of
Context Illustration Reading 1/4 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
TO MONSIEUR DE VOLTAIRE, NOW STAYING AT BERLIN.
LONDON, August 27, O. S.
1752.
SIR: As a most convincing proof how infinitely I am interested in everything which concerns Mr. Stanhope, who will have the honor of presenting you this letter, I take the liberty of introducing him to you.
He has read a great deal, he has seen a great deal; whether or not he has made a proper use of that knowledge, is what I do not know: he is only twenty years of age.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Letters to His Son, 1752 On the Fine Art of

Chapter XXI · Chapter 21

Chapter 21 of Letters to His Son, 1752 On the Fine Art of is here in full — 21 sentences across 5 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/4 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
TO MONSIEUR DE VOLTAIRE, NOW STAYING AT BERLIN.
/tuː məˈsjɜːr diː voʊlˈter naʊ ˈsteɪɪŋ æt bərˈlɪn/
Line 2
LONDON, August 27, O. S.
Line 3
1752.
Line 4
SIR: As a most convincing proof how infinitely I am interested in everything which concerns Mr. Stanhope, who will have the honor of presenting you this letter, I take the liberty of introducing him to you.
Line 5
He has read a great deal, he has seen a great deal; whether or not he has made a proper use of that knowledge, is what I do not know: he is only twenty years of age.
/hiː hæz red ə ɡreɪt diːl hiː hæz siːn ə ɡreɪt diːl ˈweðər ɔːr nɑːt hiː hæz meɪd ə ˈprɑːpər juːs ʌv ðæt ˈnɑːlədʒ ɪz wʌt aɪ duː nɑːt noʊ hiː ɪz ˈoʊnli ˈtwenti jɪrz ʌv eɪdʒ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

berlin noun US /bərˈlɪn/

capital of Germany located in eastern Germany

From this reading “TO MONSIEUR DE VOLTAIRE, NOW STAYING AT BERLIN.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
concerns noun US /kənˈsɜːrnz/

plural of “concern” — something that interests you because it is important or affects you

From this reading “SIR: As a most convincing proof how infinitely I am interested in everything which concerns Mr. Stanhope, who will have the honor of presenting you this letter, I take the liberty of introducing him to you.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
convincing adjective US /kənˈvɪnsɪŋ/

causing one to believe the truth of something

From this reading “SIR: As a most convincing proof how infinitely I am interested in everything which concerns Mr. Stanhope, who will have the honor of presenting you this letter, I take the liberty of introducing him to you.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
infinitely adverb US /ˈɪnfənətli/

without bounds

From this reading “SIR: As a most convincing proof how infinitely I am interested in everything which concerns Mr. Stanhope, who will have the honor of presenting you this letter, I take the liberty of introducing him to you.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
introducing verb US /ˌɪntrəˈduːsɪŋ/

-ing form of “introduce” — cause to come to know personally

From this reading “SIR: As a most convincing proof how infinitely I am interested in everything which concerns Mr. Stanhope, who will have the honor of presenting you this letter, I take the liberty of introducing him to you.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
presenting verb US /prɪˈzentɪŋ/

-ing form of “present” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading “SIR: As a most convincing proof how infinitely I am interested in everything which concerns Mr. Stanhope, who will have the honor of presenting you this letter, I take the liberty of introducing him to you.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
Stanhope noun US /ˈstænəp/

a light open horse-drawn carriage with two or four wheels and one seat

From this reading “SIR: As a most convincing proof how infinitely I am interested in everything which concerns Mr. Stanhope, who will have the honor of presenting you this letter, I take the liberty of introducing him to you.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
voltaire noun US /voʊlˈter/

French writer who was the embodiment of 18th century Enlightenment (1694-1778)

From this reading “TO MONSIEUR DE VOLTAIRE, NOW STAYING AT BERLIN.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1

All words in this reading · 67

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1752

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 1752.

Pending verification
27

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading LONDON, August 27, O. S.

Pending verification
adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading SIR: As a most convincing proof how infinitely I am interested in everything which concerns Mr. Stanhope, who will have the honor of presenting you this letter, I take the liberty of introducing him to you.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
agenounUS /eɪdʒ/

how long something has existed

From this reading He has read a great deal, he has seen a great deal; whether or not he has made a proper use of that knowledge, is what I do not know: he is only twenty years of age.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
amauxiliary verbUS /æm/

the form of “be” used with “I”

From this reading SIR: As a most convincing proof how infinitely I am interested in everything which concerns Mr. Stanhope, who will have the honor of presenting you this letter, I take the liberty of introducing him to you.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading SIR: As a most convincing proof how infinitely I am interested in everything which concerns Mr. Stanhope, who will have the honor of presenting you this letter, I take the liberty of introducing him to you.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
ATprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading TO MONSIEUR DE VOLTAIRE, NOW STAYING AT BERLIN.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
AugustnounUS /ˈɑːɡəst/

the month following July and preceding September

From this reading LONDON, August 27, O. S.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
BERLINnounUS /bərˈlɪn/

capital of Germany located in eastern Germany

From this reading TO MONSIEUR DE VOLTAIRE, NOW STAYING AT BERLIN.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
concernsnounUS /kənˈsɜːrnz/

plural of “concern” — something that interests you because it is important or affects you

From this reading SIR: As a most convincing proof how infinitely I am interested in everything which concerns Mr. Stanhope, who will have the honor of presenting you this letter, I take the liberty of introducing him to you.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
convincingadjectiveUS /kənˈvɪnsɪŋ/

causing one to believe the truth of something

From this reading SIR: As a most convincing proof how infinitely I am interested in everything which concerns Mr. Stanhope, who will have the honor of presenting you this letter, I take the liberty of introducing him to you.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
DEnounUS /diː/

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading TO MONSIEUR DE VOLTAIRE, NOW STAYING AT BERLIN.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
dealverbUS /diːl/

act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression

From this reading He has read a great deal, he has seen a great deal; whether or not he has made a proper use of that knowledge, is what I do not know: he is only twenty years of age.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading He has read a great deal, he has seen a great deal; whether or not he has made a proper use of that knowledge, is what I do not know: he is only twenty years of age.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
everythingpronounUS /ˈevriθɪŋ/

all things; all of a situation

From this reading SIR: As a most convincing proof how infinitely I am interested in everything which concerns Mr. Stanhope, who will have the honor of presenting you this letter, I take the liberty of introducing him to you.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading He has read a great deal, he has seen a great deal; whether or not he has made a proper use of that knowledge, is what I do not know: he is only twenty years of age.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He has read a great deal, he has seen a great deal; whether or not he has made a proper use of that knowledge, is what I do not know: he is only twenty years of age.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading SIR: As a most convincing proof how infinitely I am interested in everything which concerns Mr. Stanhope, who will have the honor of presenting you this letter, I take the liberty of introducing him to you.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He has read a great deal, he has seen a great deal; whether or not he has made a proper use of that knowledge, is what I do not know: he is only twenty years of age.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading SIR: As a most convincing proof how infinitely I am interested in everything which concerns Mr. Stanhope, who will have the honor of presenting you this letter, I take the liberty of introducing him to you.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
honornounUS /ˈɑːnər/

a tangible symbol signifying approval or distinction

From this reading SIR: As a most convincing proof how infinitely I am interested in everything which concerns Mr. Stanhope, who will have the honor of presenting you this letter, I take the liberty of introducing him to you.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SIR: As a most convincing proof how infinitely I am interested in everything which concerns Mr. Stanhope, who will have the honor of presenting you this letter, I take the liberty of introducing him to you.

Pending verification
IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading SIR: As a most convincing proof how infinitely I am interested in everything which concerns Mr. Stanhope, who will have the honor of presenting you this letter, I take the liberty of introducing him to you.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading SIR: As a most convincing proof how infinitely I am interested in everything which concerns Mr. Stanhope, who will have the honor of presenting you this letter, I take the liberty of introducing him to you.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
infinitelyadverbUS /ˈɪnfənətli/

without bounds

From this reading SIR: As a most convincing proof how infinitely I am interested in everything which concerns Mr. Stanhope, who will have the honor of presenting you this letter, I take the liberty of introducing him to you.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
interestedadjectiveUS /ˈɪntrəstɪd/

having or showing interest; especially curiosity or fascination or concern

From this reading SIR: As a most convincing proof how infinitely I am interested in everything which concerns Mr. Stanhope, who will have the honor of presenting you this letter, I take the liberty of introducing him to you.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
introducingverbUS /ˌɪntrəˈduːsɪŋ/

-ing form of “introduce” — cause to come to know personally

From this reading SIR: As a most convincing proof how infinitely I am interested in everything which concerns Mr. Stanhope, who will have the honor of presenting you this letter, I take the liberty of introducing him to you.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He has read a great deal, he has seen a great deal; whether or not he has made a proper use of that knowledge, is what I do not know: he is only twenty years of age.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading He has read a great deal, he has seen a great deal; whether or not he has made a proper use of that knowledge, is what I do not know: he is only twenty years of age.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
knowledgenounUS /ˈnɑːlədʒ/

the psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning

From this reading He has read a great deal, he has seen a great deal; whether or not he has made a proper use of that knowledge, is what I do not know: he is only twenty years of age.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
letternounUS /ˈletər/

a written message addressed to a person or organization

From this reading SIR: As a most convincing proof how infinitely I am interested in everything which concerns Mr. Stanhope, who will have the honor of presenting you this letter, I take the liberty of introducing him to you.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
libertynounUS /ˈlɪb.ər.ti/

The state of being free within society from oppressive restrictions on one's way of life.

From this reading SIR: As a most convincing proof how infinitely I am interested in everything which concerns Mr. Stanhope, who will have the honor of presenting you this letter, I take the liberty of introducing him to you.

Velmora curated lexicon
LONDONnounUS /ˈlʌndən/

the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center

From this reading LONDON, August 27, O. S.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading He has read a great deal, he has seen a great deal; whether or not he has made a proper use of that knowledge, is what I do not know: he is only twenty years of age.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
MONSIEURnounUS /məˈsjɜːr/

used as a French courtesy title; equivalent to English “Mr”

From this reading TO MONSIEUR DE VOLTAIRE, NOW STAYING AT BERLIN.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading SIR: As a most convincing proof how infinitely I am interested in everything which concerns Mr. Stanhope, who will have the honor of presenting you this letter, I take the liberty of introducing him to you.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading SIR: As a most convincing proof how infinitely I am interested in everything which concerns Mr. Stanhope, who will have the honor of presenting you this letter, I take the liberty of introducing him to you.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading He has read a great deal, he has seen a great deal; whether or not he has made a proper use of that knowledge, is what I do not know: he is only twenty years of age.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
NOWadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading TO MONSIEUR DE VOLTAIRE, NOW STAYING AT BERLIN.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
OnounUS /oʊ/

a nonmetallic bivalent element that is normally a colorless odorless tasteless nonflammable diatomic gas; constitutes 21 percent of the atmosphere by volume; the most abundant element in the earth's crust

From this reading LONDON, August 27, O. S.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading SIR: As a most convincing proof how infinitely I am interested in everything which concerns Mr. Stanhope, who will have the honor of presenting you this letter, I take the liberty of introducing him to you.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading He has read a great deal, he has seen a great deal; whether or not he has made a proper use of that knowledge, is what I do not know: he is only twenty years of age.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading He has read a great deal, he has seen a great deal; whether or not he has made a proper use of that knowledge, is what I do not know: he is only twenty years of age.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
presentingverbUS /prɪˈzentɪŋ/

-ing form of “present” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading SIR: As a most convincing proof how infinitely I am interested in everything which concerns Mr. Stanhope, who will have the honor of presenting you this letter, I take the liberty of introducing him to you.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
proofnounUS /pruːf/

any factual evidence that helps to establish the truth of something

From this reading SIR: As a most convincing proof how infinitely I am interested in everything which concerns Mr. Stanhope, who will have the honor of presenting you this letter, I take the liberty of introducing him to you.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
properadjectiveUS /ˈprɑːpər/

marked by suitability or rightness or appropriateness

From this reading He has read a great deal, he has seen a great deal; whether or not he has made a proper use of that knowledge, is what I do not know: he is only twenty years of age.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
readverbUS /red/

interpret something that is written or printed

From this reading He has read a great deal, he has seen a great deal; whether or not he has made a proper use of that knowledge, is what I do not know: he is only twenty years of age.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
SnounUS /es/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading LONDON, August 27, O. S.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading He has read a great deal, he has seen a great deal; whether or not he has made a proper use of that knowledge, is what I do not know: he is only twenty years of age.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
SIRnounUS /sɜːr/

term of address for a man

From this reading SIR: As a most convincing proof how infinitely I am interested in everything which concerns Mr. Stanhope, who will have the honor of presenting you this letter, I take the liberty of introducing him to you.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
StanhopenounUS /ˈstænəp/

a light open horse-drawn carriage with two or four wheels and one seat

From this reading SIR: As a most convincing proof how infinitely I am interested in everything which concerns Mr. Stanhope, who will have the honor of presenting you this letter, I take the liberty of introducing him to you.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
STAYINGverbUS /ˈsteɪɪŋ/

-ing form of “stay” — stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading TO MONSIEUR DE VOLTAIRE, NOW STAYING AT BERLIN.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading SIR: As a most convincing proof how infinitely I am interested in everything which concerns Mr. Stanhope, who will have the honor of presenting you this letter, I take the liberty of introducing him to you.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading He has read a great deal, he has seen a great deal; whether or not he has made a proper use of that knowledge, is what I do not know: he is only twenty years of age.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading SIR: As a most convincing proof how infinitely I am interested in everything which concerns Mr. Stanhope, who will have the honor of presenting you this letter, I take the liberty of introducing him to you.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading SIR: As a most convincing proof how infinitely I am interested in everything which concerns Mr. Stanhope, who will have the honor of presenting you this letter, I take the liberty of introducing him to you.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
TOparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading TO MONSIEUR DE VOLTAIRE, NOW STAYING AT BERLIN.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
twentynounUS /ˈtwenti/

the cardinal number that is the sum of nineteen and one

From this reading He has read a great deal, he has seen a great deal; whether or not he has made a proper use of that knowledge, is what I do not know: he is only twenty years of age.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
usenounUS /juːs/

the act of using

From this reading He has read a great deal, he has seen a great deal; whether or not he has made a proper use of that knowledge, is what I do not know: he is only twenty years of age.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
VOLTAIREnounUS /voʊlˈter/

French writer who was the embodiment of 18th century Enlightenment (1694-1778)

From this reading TO MONSIEUR DE VOLTAIRE, NOW STAYING AT BERLIN.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading He has read a great deal, he has seen a great deal; whether or not he has made a proper use of that knowledge, is what I do not know: he is only twenty years of age.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
whetherconjunctionUS /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading He has read a great deal, he has seen a great deal; whether or not he has made a proper use of that knowledge, is what I do not know: he is only twenty years of age.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading SIR: As a most convincing proof how infinitely I am interested in everything which concerns Mr. Stanhope, who will have the honor of presenting you this letter, I take the liberty of introducing him to you.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading SIR: As a most convincing proof how infinitely I am interested in everything which concerns Mr. Stanhope, who will have the honor of presenting you this letter, I take the liberty of introducing him to you.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading SIR: As a most convincing proof how infinitely I am interested in everything which concerns Mr. Stanhope, who will have the honor of presenting you this letter, I take the liberty of introducing him to you.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading He has read a great deal, he has seen a great deal; whether or not he has made a proper use of that knowledge, is what I do not know: he is only twenty years of age.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading SIR: As a most convincing proof how infinitely I am interested in everything which concerns Mr. Stanhope, who will have the honor of presenting you this letter, I take the liberty of introducing him to you.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary

Chapter 21 of Letters to His Son, 1752 On the Fine Art of by Philip Dormer Stanhope, Earl of Chesterfield holds 21 sentences, grouped into 5 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 21 of Letters to His Son, 1752 On the Fine Art of contain?

Chapter 21 holds 21 sentences of Letters to His Son, 1752 On the Fine Art of, unabridged, divided into 5 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 21 of Letters to His Son, 1752 On the Fine Art of by Philip Dormer Stanhope, Earl of Chesterfield exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 21 sentences, grouped into 5 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 21 of Letters to His Son, 1752 On the Fine Art of?

Work through the 5 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 5 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 21 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Vocabulary met early in Letters to His Son, 1752 On the Fine Art of

Words and structures a reader meets early in Letters to His Son, 1752 On the Fine Art of, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

London
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1752 On the Fine Art of; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
January
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1752 On the Fine Art of; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Friend
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1752 On the Fine Art of; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Laziness
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1752 On the Fine Art of; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.