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Letters to His Son, 1753-54 On the Fine Art
Letters to His Son, 1753-54 On the Fine Art

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Letters to His Son, 1753-54 On the Fine Art is here in full — 44 sentences across 9 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Letters to His Son, 1753-54 On the Fine Art
Context Illustration Reading 1/8 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
LONDON, January 15, 1753 MY DEAR FRIEND: I never think my time so well employed, as when I think it employed to your advantage.
You have long had the greatest share of it; you now engross it.
The moment is now decisive; the piece is going to be exhibited to the public; the mere out lines and the general coloring are not sufficient to attract the eyes and to secure applause; but the last finishing, artful, and delicate strokes are necessary.
Skillful judges will discern and acknowledge their merit; the ignorant will, without knowing why, feel their power.
In that view, I have thrown together, for your perusal, some maxims; or, to speak more properly, observations on men and things; for I have no merit as to the invention: I am no system monger; and, instead of giving way to my imagination, I have only consulted my memory; and my conclusions are all drawn from facts, not from fancy.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Letters to His Son, 1753-54 On the Fine Art

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Letters to His Son, 1753-54 On the Fine Art is here in full — 44 sentences across 9 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/8 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
LONDON, January 15, 1753 MY DEAR FRIEND: I never think my time so well employed, as when I think it employed to your advantage.
Line 2
You have long had the greatest share of it; you now engross it.
/juː hæv lɔːŋ hæd ðə ˈɡreɪtəst ʃer ʌv ɪt juː naʊ ɪnˈɡroʊs ɪt/
Line 3
The moment is now decisive; the piece is going to be exhibited to the public; the mere out lines and the general coloring are not sufficient to attract the eyes and to secure applause; but the last finishing, artful, and delicate strokes are necessary.
/ðə ˈmoʊmənt ɪz naʊ dɪˈsaɪsɪv ðə piːs ɪz ˈɡoʊɪŋ tuː biː ɪɡˈzɪbətəd tuː ðə ˈpʌblɪk ðə mɪr aʊt laɪnz ənd ðə ˈdʒenərəl ˈkʌlərɪŋ ɑːr nɑːt səˈfɪʃənt tuː əˈtrækt ðə aɪz ənd tuː sɪˈkjʊr əˈplɔːz bʌt ðə læst ˈfɪnɪʃɪŋ ˈɑːrtfəl ənd ˈdeləkət stroʊks ɑːr ˈnesəseri/
Line 4
Skillful judges will discern and acknowledge their merit; the ignorant will, without knowing why, feel their power.
/ˈskɪlfəl ˈdʒʌdʒɪz wɪl dɪˈsɜːrn ənd ækˈnɑːlɪdʒ ðer ˈmerət ðə ˈɪɡnərənt wɪl wɪˈθaʊt ˈnoʊɪŋ waɪ fiːl ðer ˈpaʊər/
Line 5
In that view, I have thrown together, for your perusal, some maxims; or, to speak more properly, observations on men and things; for I have no merit as to the invention: I am no system monger; and, instead of giving way to my imagination, I have only consulted my memory; and my conclusions are all drawn from facts, not from fancy.
/ɪn ðæt vjuː aɪ hæv θroʊn təˈɡeðər fɔːr jɔːr pərˈuːzəl sʌm ˈmæksəmz ɔːr tuː spiːk mɔːr ˈprɑːpərli ˌɑːbzərˈveɪʃənz ɑːn men ənd θɪŋz fɔːr aɪ hæv noʊ ˈmerət æz tuː ðə ˌɪnˈvenʃən aɪ æm noʊ ˈsɪstəm ˈmʌŋɡər ənd ˌɪnˈsted ʌv ˈɡɪvɪŋ weɪ tuː maɪ ˌɪmædʒəˈneɪʃən aɪ hæv ˈoʊnli kənˈsʌltəd maɪ ˈmem.ər.i ənd maɪ kənˈkluːʒənz ɑːr ɔːl drɔːn frʌm fækts nɑːt frʌm ˈfænsi/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

artful adjective US /ˈɑːrtfəl/

not straightforward or candid; giving a false appearance of frankness

From this reading “The moment is now decisive; the piece is going to be exhibited to the public; the mere out lines and the general coloring are not sufficient to attract the eyes and to secure applause; but the last finishing, artful, and delicate strokes are necessary.”

coloring noun US /ˈkʌlərɪŋ/

a digestible substance used to give color to food

From this reading “The moment is now decisive; the piece is going to be exhibited to the public; the mere out lines and the general coloring are not sufficient to attract the eyes and to secure applause; but the last finishing, artful, and delicate strokes are necessary.”

conclusions noun US /kənˈkluːʒənz/

plural of “conclusion” — a position or opinion or judgment reached after consideration

From this reading “In that view, I have thrown together, for your perusal, some maxims; or, to speak more properly, observations on men and things; for I have no merit as to the invention: I am no system monger; and, instead of giving way to my imagination, I have only consulted my memory; and my conclusions are all drawn from facts, not from fancy.”

engross verb US /ɪnˈɡroʊs/

devote (oneself) fully to

From this reading “You have long had the greatest share of it; you now engross it.”

maxims noun US /ˈmæksəmz/

plural of “maxim” — a saying that is widely accepted on its own merits

From this reading “In that view, I have thrown together, for your perusal, some maxims; or, to speak more properly, observations on men and things; for I have no merit as to the invention: I am no system monger; and, instead of giving way to my imagination, I have only consulted my memory; and my conclusions are all drawn from facts, not from fancy.”

monger noun US /ˈmʌŋɡər/

someone who purchases and maintains an inventory of goods to be sold

From this reading “In that view, I have thrown together, for your perusal, some maxims; or, to speak more properly, observations on men and things; for I have no merit as to the invention: I am no system monger; and, instead of giving way to my imagination, I have only consulted my memory; and my conclusions are all drawn from facts, not from fancy.”

perusal noun US /pərˈuːzəl/

reading carefully with intent to remember

From this reading “In that view, I have thrown together, for your perusal, some maxims; or, to speak more properly, observations on men and things; for I have no merit as to the invention: I am no system monger; and, instead of giving way to my imagination, I have only consulted my memory; and my conclusions are all drawn from facts, not from fancy.”

Skillful adjective US /ˈskɪlfəl/

having or showing knowledge and skill and aptitude

From this reading “Skillful judges will discern and acknowledge their merit; the ignorant will, without knowing why, feel their power.”

All words in this reading · 106

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

15

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading LONDON, January 15, 1753 MY DEAR FRIEND: I never think my time so well employed, as when I think it employed to your advantage.

1753

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading LONDON, January 15, 1753 MY DEAR FRIEND: I never think my time so well employed, as when I think it employed to your advantage.

acknowledgeverbUS /ækˈnɑːlɪdʒ/

declare to be true or admit the existence or reality or truth of

From this reading Skillful judges will discern and acknowledge their merit; the ignorant will, without knowing why, feel their power.

advantagenounUS /ædˈvæntɪdʒ/

the quality of having a superior or more favorable position

From this reading LONDON, January 15, 1753 MY DEAR FRIEND: I never think my time so well employed, as when I think it employed to your advantage.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading In that view, I have thrown together, for your perusal, some maxims; or, to speak more properly, observations on men and things; for I have no merit as to the invention: I am no system monger; and, instead of giving way to my imagination, I have only consulted my memory; and my conclusions are all drawn from facts, not from fancy.

amauxiliary verbUS /æm/

the form of “be” used with “I”

From this reading In that view, I have thrown together, for your perusal, some maxims; or, to speak more properly, observations on men and things; for I have no merit as to the invention: I am no system monger; and, instead of giving way to my imagination, I have only consulted my memory; and my conclusions are all drawn from facts, not from fancy.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The moment is now decisive; the piece is going to be exhibited to the public; the mere out lines and the general coloring are not sufficient to attract the eyes and to secure applause; but the last finishing, artful, and delicate strokes are necessary.

applausenounUS /əˈplɔːz/

a demonstration of approval by clapping the hands together

From this reading The moment is now decisive; the piece is going to be exhibited to the public; the mere out lines and the general coloring are not sufficient to attract the eyes and to secure applause; but the last finishing, artful, and delicate strokes are necessary.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The moment is now decisive; the piece is going to be exhibited to the public; the mere out lines and the general coloring are not sufficient to attract the eyes and to secure applause; but the last finishing, artful, and delicate strokes are necessary.

artfuladjectiveUS /ˈɑːrtfəl/

not straightforward or candid; giving a false appearance of frankness

From this reading The moment is now decisive; the piece is going to be exhibited to the public; the mere out lines and the general coloring are not sufficient to attract the eyes and to secure applause; but the last finishing, artful, and delicate strokes are necessary.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading LONDON, January 15, 1753 MY DEAR FRIEND: I never think my time so well employed, as when I think it employed to your advantage.

attractverbUS /əˈtrækt/

direct toward itself or oneself by means of some psychological power or physical attributes

From this reading The moment is now decisive; the piece is going to be exhibited to the public; the mere out lines and the general coloring are not sufficient to attract the eyes and to secure applause; but the last finishing, artful, and delicate strokes are necessary.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The moment is now decisive; the piece is going to be exhibited to the public; the mere out lines and the general coloring are not sufficient to attract the eyes and to secure applause; but the last finishing, artful, and delicate strokes are necessary.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The moment is now decisive; the piece is going to be exhibited to the public; the mere out lines and the general coloring are not sufficient to attract the eyes and to secure applause; but the last finishing, artful, and delicate strokes are necessary.

coloringnounUS /ˈkʌlərɪŋ/

a digestible substance used to give color to food

From this reading The moment is now decisive; the piece is going to be exhibited to the public; the mere out lines and the general coloring are not sufficient to attract the eyes and to secure applause; but the last finishing, artful, and delicate strokes are necessary.

conclusionsnounUS /kənˈkluːʒənz/

plural of “conclusion” — a position or opinion or judgment reached after consideration

From this reading In that view, I have thrown together, for your perusal, some maxims; or, to speak more properly, observations on men and things; for I have no merit as to the invention: I am no system monger; and, instead of giving way to my imagination, I have only consulted my memory; and my conclusions are all drawn from facts, not from fancy.

consultedverbUS /kənˈsʌltəd/

past form of “consult” — get or ask advice from

From this reading In that view, I have thrown together, for your perusal, some maxims; or, to speak more properly, observations on men and things; for I have no merit as to the invention: I am no system monger; and, instead of giving way to my imagination, I have only consulted my memory; and my conclusions are all drawn from facts, not from fancy.

DEARadjectiveUS /dɪr/

dearly loved

From this reading LONDON, January 15, 1753 MY DEAR FRIEND: I never think my time so well employed, as when I think it employed to your advantage.

decisiveadjectiveUS /dɪˈsaɪsɪv/

determining or having the power to determine an outcome

From this reading The moment is now decisive; the piece is going to be exhibited to the public; the mere out lines and the general coloring are not sufficient to attract the eyes and to secure applause; but the last finishing, artful, and delicate strokes are necessary.

delicateadjectiveUS /ˈdeləkət/

exquisitely fine and subtle and pleasing; susceptible to injury

From this reading The moment is now decisive; the piece is going to be exhibited to the public; the mere out lines and the general coloring are not sufficient to attract the eyes and to secure applause; but the last finishing, artful, and delicate strokes are necessary.

discernverbUS /dɪˈsɜːrn/

detect with the senses

From this reading Skillful judges will discern and acknowledge their merit; the ignorant will, without knowing why, feel their power.

drawnadjectiveUS /drɔːn/

showing the wearing effects of overwork or care or suffering

From this reading In that view, I have thrown together, for your perusal, some maxims; or, to speak more properly, observations on men and things; for I have no merit as to the invention: I am no system monger; and, instead of giving way to my imagination, I have only consulted my memory; and my conclusions are all drawn from facts, not from fancy.

employedadjectiveUS /emˈplɔɪd/

having your services engaged for; or having a job especially one that pays wages or a salary

From this reading LONDON, January 15, 1753 MY DEAR FRIEND: I never think my time so well employed, as when I think it employed to your advantage.

engrossverbUS /ɪnˈɡroʊs/

devote (oneself) fully to

From this reading You have long had the greatest share of it; you now engross it.

exhibitedverbUS /ɪɡˈzɪbətəd/

past form of “exhibit” — show an attribute, property, knowledge, or skill

From this reading The moment is now decisive; the piece is going to be exhibited to the public; the mere out lines and the general coloring are not sufficient to attract the eyes and to secure applause; but the last finishing, artful, and delicate strokes are necessary.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading The moment is now decisive; the piece is going to be exhibited to the public; the mere out lines and the general coloring are not sufficient to attract the eyes and to secure applause; but the last finishing, artful, and delicate strokes are necessary.

factsnounUS /fækts/

plural of “fact” — a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading In that view, I have thrown together, for your perusal, some maxims; or, to speak more properly, observations on men and things; for I have no merit as to the invention: I am no system monger; and, instead of giving way to my imagination, I have only consulted my memory; and my conclusions are all drawn from facts, not from fancy.

fancynounUS /ˈfænsi/

something many people believe that is false

From this reading In that view, I have thrown together, for your perusal, some maxims; or, to speak more properly, observations on men and things; for I have no merit as to the invention: I am no system monger; and, instead of giving way to my imagination, I have only consulted my memory; and my conclusions are all drawn from facts, not from fancy.

feelverbUS /fiːl/

undergo an emotional sensation or be in a particular state of mind

From this reading Skillful judges will discern and acknowledge their merit; the ignorant will, without knowing why, feel their power.

finishingnounUS /ˈfɪnɪʃɪŋ/

a decorative texture or appearance of a surface (or the substance that gives it that appearance)

From this reading The moment is now decisive; the piece is going to be exhibited to the public; the mere out lines and the general coloring are not sufficient to attract the eyes and to secure applause; but the last finishing, artful, and delicate strokes are necessary.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading In that view, I have thrown together, for your perusal, some maxims; or, to speak more properly, observations on men and things; for I have no merit as to the invention: I am no system monger; and, instead of giving way to my imagination, I have only consulted my memory; and my conclusions are all drawn from facts, not from fancy.

FRIENDnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading LONDON, January 15, 1753 MY DEAR FRIEND: I never think my time so well employed, as when I think it employed to your advantage.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading In that view, I have thrown together, for your perusal, some maxims; or, to speak more properly, observations on men and things; for I have no merit as to the invention: I am no system monger; and, instead of giving way to my imagination, I have only consulted my memory; and my conclusions are all drawn from facts, not from fancy.

generaladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading The moment is now decisive; the piece is going to be exhibited to the public; the mere out lines and the general coloring are not sufficient to attract the eyes and to secure applause; but the last finishing, artful, and delicate strokes are necessary.

givingnounUS /ˈɡɪvɪŋ/

the act of giving

From this reading In that view, I have thrown together, for your perusal, some maxims; or, to speak more properly, observations on men and things; for I have no merit as to the invention: I am no system monger; and, instead of giving way to my imagination, I have only consulted my memory; and my conclusions are all drawn from facts, not from fancy.

goingnounUS /ˈɡoʊɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading The moment is now decisive; the piece is going to be exhibited to the public; the mere out lines and the general coloring are not sufficient to attract the eyes and to secure applause; but the last finishing, artful, and delicate strokes are necessary.

greatestadjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtəst/

highest in quality

From this reading You have long had the greatest share of it; you now engross it.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading You have long had the greatest share of it; you now engross it.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading You have long had the greatest share of it; you now engross it.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading LONDON, January 15, 1753 MY DEAR FRIEND: I never think my time so well employed, as when I think it employed to your advantage.

ignorantadjectiveUS /ˈɪɡnərənt/

uneducated in general; lacking knowledge or sophistication

From this reading Skillful judges will discern and acknowledge their merit; the ignorant will, without knowing why, feel their power.

imaginationnounUS /ˌɪmædʒəˈneɪʃən/

the formation of a mental image of something that is not perceived as real and is not present to the senses

From this reading In that view, I have thrown together, for your perusal, some maxims; or, to speak more properly, observations on men and things; for I have no merit as to the invention: I am no system monger; and, instead of giving way to my imagination, I have only consulted my memory; and my conclusions are all drawn from facts, not from fancy.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In that view, I have thrown together, for your perusal, some maxims; or, to speak more properly, observations on men and things; for I have no merit as to the invention: I am no system monger; and, instead of giving way to my imagination, I have only consulted my memory; and my conclusions are all drawn from facts, not from fancy.

insteadadverbUS /ˌɪnˈsted/

in place of, or as an alternative to

From this reading In that view, I have thrown together, for your perusal, some maxims; or, to speak more properly, observations on men and things; for I have no merit as to the invention: I am no system monger; and, instead of giving way to my imagination, I have only consulted my memory; and my conclusions are all drawn from facts, not from fancy.

inventionnounUS /ˌɪnˈvenʃən/

the creation of something in the mind

From this reading In that view, I have thrown together, for your perusal, some maxims; or, to speak more properly, observations on men and things; for I have no merit as to the invention: I am no system monger; and, instead of giving way to my imagination, I have only consulted my memory; and my conclusions are all drawn from facts, not from fancy.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The moment is now decisive; the piece is going to be exhibited to the public; the mere out lines and the general coloring are not sufficient to attract the eyes and to secure applause; but the last finishing, artful, and delicate strokes are necessary.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading LONDON, January 15, 1753 MY DEAR FRIEND: I never think my time so well employed, as when I think it employed to your advantage.

JanuarynounUS /ˈdʒænjuːeri/

the first month of the year; begins 10 days after the winter solstice

From this reading LONDON, January 15, 1753 MY DEAR FRIEND: I never think my time so well employed, as when I think it employed to your advantage.

judgesnounUS /ˈdʒʌdʒɪz/

a book of the Old Testament that tells the history of Israel under the leaders known as judges

From this reading Skillful judges will discern and acknowledge their merit; the ignorant will, without knowing why, feel their power.

knowingadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊɪŋ/

evidencing the possession of inside information

From this reading Skillful judges will discern and acknowledge their merit; the ignorant will, without knowing why, feel their power.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading The moment is now decisive; the piece is going to be exhibited to the public; the mere out lines and the general coloring are not sufficient to attract the eyes and to secure applause; but the last finishing, artful, and delicate strokes are necessary.

linesnounUS /laɪnz/

plural of “line” — a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading The moment is now decisive; the piece is going to be exhibited to the public; the mere out lines and the general coloring are not sufficient to attract the eyes and to secure applause; but the last finishing, artful, and delicate strokes are necessary.

LONDONnounUS /ˈlʌndən/

the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center

From this reading LONDON, January 15, 1753 MY DEAR FRIEND: I never think my time so well employed, as when I think it employed to your advantage.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading You have long had the greatest share of it; you now engross it.

maximsnounUS /ˈmæksəmz/

plural of “maxim” — a saying that is widely accepted on its own merits

From this reading In that view, I have thrown together, for your perusal, some maxims; or, to speak more properly, observations on men and things; for I have no merit as to the invention: I am no system monger; and, instead of giving way to my imagination, I have only consulted my memory; and my conclusions are all drawn from facts, not from fancy.

memorynounUS /ˈmem.ər.i/

The faculty by which the mind stores and remembers information and knowledge.

From this reading In that view, I have thrown together, for your perusal, some maxims; or, to speak more properly, observations on men and things; for I have no merit as to the invention: I am no system monger; and, instead of giving way to my imagination, I have only consulted my memory; and my conclusions are all drawn from facts, not from fancy.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading In that view, I have thrown together, for your perusal, some maxims; or, to speak more properly, observations on men and things; for I have no merit as to the invention: I am no system monger; and, instead of giving way to my imagination, I have only consulted my memory; and my conclusions are all drawn from facts, not from fancy.

mereadjectiveUS /mɪr/

being nothing more than specified

From this reading The moment is now decisive; the piece is going to be exhibited to the public; the mere out lines and the general coloring are not sufficient to attract the eyes and to secure applause; but the last finishing, artful, and delicate strokes are necessary.

meritnounUS /ˈmerət/

any admirable quality or attribute

From this reading Skillful judges will discern and acknowledge their merit; the ignorant will, without knowing why, feel their power.

momentnounUS /ˈmoʊmənt/

a particular point in time

From this reading The moment is now decisive; the piece is going to be exhibited to the public; the mere out lines and the general coloring are not sufficient to attract the eyes and to secure applause; but the last finishing, artful, and delicate strokes are necessary.

mongernounUS /ˈmʌŋɡər/

someone who purchases and maintains an inventory of goods to be sold

From this reading In that view, I have thrown together, for your perusal, some maxims; or, to speak more properly, observations on men and things; for I have no merit as to the invention: I am no system monger; and, instead of giving way to my imagination, I have only consulted my memory; and my conclusions are all drawn from facts, not from fancy.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading In that view, I have thrown together, for your perusal, some maxims; or, to speak more properly, observations on men and things; for I have no merit as to the invention: I am no system monger; and, instead of giving way to my imagination, I have only consulted my memory; and my conclusions are all drawn from facts, not from fancy.

MYdeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading LONDON, January 15, 1753 MY DEAR FRIEND: I never think my time so well employed, as when I think it employed to your advantage.

necessaryadjectiveUS /ˈnesəseri/

absolutely essential

From this reading The moment is now decisive; the piece is going to be exhibited to the public; the mere out lines and the general coloring are not sufficient to attract the eyes and to secure applause; but the last finishing, artful, and delicate strokes are necessary.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading LONDON, January 15, 1753 MY DEAR FRIEND: I never think my time so well employed, as when I think it employed to your advantage.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading In that view, I have thrown together, for your perusal, some maxims; or, to speak more properly, observations on men and things; for I have no merit as to the invention: I am no system monger; and, instead of giving way to my imagination, I have only consulted my memory; and my conclusions are all drawn from facts, not from fancy.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The moment is now decisive; the piece is going to be exhibited to the public; the mere out lines and the general coloring are not sufficient to attract the eyes and to secure applause; but the last finishing, artful, and delicate strokes are necessary.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading You have long had the greatest share of it; you now engross it.

observationsnounUS /ˌɑːbzərˈveɪʃənz/

plural of “observation” — the act of making and recording a measurement

From this reading In that view, I have thrown together, for your perusal, some maxims; or, to speak more properly, observations on men and things; for I have no merit as to the invention: I am no system monger; and, instead of giving way to my imagination, I have only consulted my memory; and my conclusions are all drawn from facts, not from fancy.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading You have long had the greatest share of it; you now engross it.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading In that view, I have thrown together, for your perusal, some maxims; or, to speak more properly, observations on men and things; for I have no merit as to the invention: I am no system monger; and, instead of giving way to my imagination, I have only consulted my memory; and my conclusions are all drawn from facts, not from fancy.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading In that view, I have thrown together, for your perusal, some maxims; or, to speak more properly, observations on men and things; for I have no merit as to the invention: I am no system monger; and, instead of giving way to my imagination, I have only consulted my memory; and my conclusions are all drawn from facts, not from fancy.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading In that view, I have thrown together, for your perusal, some maxims; or, to speak more properly, observations on men and things; for I have no merit as to the invention: I am no system monger; and, instead of giving way to my imagination, I have only consulted my memory; and my conclusions are all drawn from facts, not from fancy.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading The moment is now decisive; the piece is going to be exhibited to the public; the mere out lines and the general coloring are not sufficient to attract the eyes and to secure applause; but the last finishing, artful, and delicate strokes are necessary.

perusalnounUS /pərˈuːzəl/

reading carefully with intent to remember

From this reading In that view, I have thrown together, for your perusal, some maxims; or, to speak more properly, observations on men and things; for I have no merit as to the invention: I am no system monger; and, instead of giving way to my imagination, I have only consulted my memory; and my conclusions are all drawn from facts, not from fancy.

piecenounUS /piːs/

a separate part of a whole

From this reading The moment is now decisive; the piece is going to be exhibited to the public; the mere out lines and the general coloring are not sufficient to attract the eyes and to secure applause; but the last finishing, artful, and delicate strokes are necessary.

powernounUS /ˈpaʊər/

possession of controlling influence

From this reading Skillful judges will discern and acknowledge their merit; the ignorant will, without knowing why, feel their power.

properlyadverbUS /ˈprɑːpərli/

in the right manner; correctly; suitably

From this reading In that view, I have thrown together, for your perusal, some maxims; or, to speak more properly, observations on men and things; for I have no merit as to the invention: I am no system monger; and, instead of giving way to my imagination, I have only consulted my memory; and my conclusions are all drawn from facts, not from fancy.

publicnounUS /ˈpʌblɪk/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading The moment is now decisive; the piece is going to be exhibited to the public; the mere out lines and the general coloring are not sufficient to attract the eyes and to secure applause; but the last finishing, artful, and delicate strokes are necessary.

secureverbUS /sɪˈkjʊr/

get by special effort

From this reading The moment is now decisive; the piece is going to be exhibited to the public; the mere out lines and the general coloring are not sufficient to attract the eyes and to secure applause; but the last finishing, artful, and delicate strokes are necessary.

shareverbUS /ʃer/

have in common

From this reading You have long had the greatest share of it; you now engross it.

SkillfuladjectiveUS /ˈskɪlfəl/

having or showing knowledge and skill and aptitude

From this reading Skillful judges will discern and acknowledge their merit; the ignorant will, without knowing why, feel their power.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading LONDON, January 15, 1753 MY DEAR FRIEND: I never think my time so well employed, as when I think it employed to your advantage.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading In that view, I have thrown together, for your perusal, some maxims; or, to speak more properly, observations on men and things; for I have no merit as to the invention: I am no system monger; and, instead of giving way to my imagination, I have only consulted my memory; and my conclusions are all drawn from facts, not from fancy.

speakverbUS /spiːk/

express in speech

From this reading In that view, I have thrown together, for your perusal, some maxims; or, to speak more properly, observations on men and things; for I have no merit as to the invention: I am no system monger; and, instead of giving way to my imagination, I have only consulted my memory; and my conclusions are all drawn from facts, not from fancy.

strokesnounUS /stroʊks/

plural of “stroke” — (sports) the act of swinging or striking at a ball with a club or racket or bat or cue or hand

From this reading The moment is now decisive; the piece is going to be exhibited to the public; the mere out lines and the general coloring are not sufficient to attract the eyes and to secure applause; but the last finishing, artful, and delicate strokes are necessary.

sufficientadjectiveUS /səˈfɪʃənt/

of a quantity that can fulfill a need or requirement but without being abundant

From this reading The moment is now decisive; the piece is going to be exhibited to the public; the mere out lines and the general coloring are not sufficient to attract the eyes and to secure applause; but the last finishing, artful, and delicate strokes are necessary.

systemnounUS /ˈsɪstəm/

instrumentality that combines interrelated interacting artifacts designed to work as a coherent entity

From this reading In that view, I have thrown together, for your perusal, some maxims; or, to speak more properly, observations on men and things; for I have no merit as to the invention: I am no system monger; and, instead of giving way to my imagination, I have only consulted my memory; and my conclusions are all drawn from facts, not from fancy.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading In that view, I have thrown together, for your perusal, some maxims; or, to speak more properly, observations on men and things; for I have no merit as to the invention: I am no system monger; and, instead of giving way to my imagination, I have only consulted my memory; and my conclusions are all drawn from facts, not from fancy.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading You have long had the greatest share of it; you now engross it.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Skillful judges will discern and acknowledge their merit; the ignorant will, without knowing why, feel their power.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading In that view, I have thrown together, for your perusal, some maxims; or, to speak more properly, observations on men and things; for I have no merit as to the invention: I am no system monger; and, instead of giving way to my imagination, I have only consulted my memory; and my conclusions are all drawn from facts, not from fancy.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading LONDON, January 15, 1753 MY DEAR FRIEND: I never think my time so well employed, as when I think it employed to your advantage.

thrownadjectiveUS /θroʊn/

caused to fall to the ground

From this reading In that view, I have thrown together, for your perusal, some maxims; or, to speak more properly, observations on men and things; for I have no merit as to the invention: I am no system monger; and, instead of giving way to my imagination, I have only consulted my memory; and my conclusions are all drawn from facts, not from fancy.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading LONDON, January 15, 1753 MY DEAR FRIEND: I never think my time so well employed, as when I think it employed to your advantage.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading LONDON, January 15, 1753 MY DEAR FRIEND: I never think my time so well employed, as when I think it employed to your advantage.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading In that view, I have thrown together, for your perusal, some maxims; or, to speak more properly, observations on men and things; for I have no merit as to the invention: I am no system monger; and, instead of giving way to my imagination, I have only consulted my memory; and my conclusions are all drawn from facts, not from fancy.

viewnounUS /vjuː/

a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading In that view, I have thrown together, for your perusal, some maxims; or, to speak more properly, observations on men and things; for I have no merit as to the invention: I am no system monger; and, instead of giving way to my imagination, I have only consulted my memory; and my conclusions are all drawn from facts, not from fancy.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading In that view, I have thrown together, for your perusal, some maxims; or, to speak more properly, observations on men and things; for I have no merit as to the invention: I am no system monger; and, instead of giving way to my imagination, I have only consulted my memory; and my conclusions are all drawn from facts, not from fancy.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading LONDON, January 15, 1753 MY DEAR FRIEND: I never think my time so well employed, as when I think it employed to your advantage.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading LONDON, January 15, 1753 MY DEAR FRIEND: I never think my time so well employed, as when I think it employed to your advantage.

whynounUS /waɪ/

the cause or intention underlying an action or situation, especially in the phrase “the whys and wherefores”

From this reading Skillful judges will discern and acknowledge their merit; the ignorant will, without knowing why, feel their power.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading Skillful judges will discern and acknowledge their merit; the ignorant will, without knowing why, feel their power.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading Skillful judges will discern and acknowledge their merit; the ignorant will, without knowing why, feel their power.

YoupronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading You have long had the greatest share of it; you now engross it.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading LONDON, January 15, 1753 MY DEAR FRIEND: I never think my time so well employed, as when I think it employed to your advantage.

Chapter 2 of Letters to His Son, 1753-54 On the Fine Art by Philip Dormer Stanhope, Earl of Chesterfield holds 44 sentences, grouped into 9 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of Letters to His Son, 1753-54 On the Fine Art contain?

Chapter 2 holds 44 sentences of Letters to His Son, 1753-54 On the Fine Art, unabridged, divided into 9 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of Letters to His Son, 1753-54 On the Fine Art by Philip Dormer Stanhope, Earl of Chesterfield exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 44 sentences, grouped into 9 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of Letters to His Son, 1753-54 On the Fine Art?

Work through the 9 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 9 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Common questions about reading Letters to His Son, 1753-54 On the Fine Art by Philip Dormer Stanhope, Earl of Chesterfield on this page, its source edition and its audio.

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Yes. All 638 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #3357 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #3357, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 53 minutes of reading across 128 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Letters to His Son, 1753-54 On the Fine Art

Words and structures a reader meets early in Letters to His Son, 1753-54 On the Fine Art, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Friend
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1753-54 On the Fine Art; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Above
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1753-54 On the Fine Art; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Fortnight
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1753-54 On the Fine Art; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Since
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1753-54 On the Fine Art; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.