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Letters to His Son, 1759-65 On the Fine Art
Letters to His Son, 1759-65 On the Fine Art

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of Letters to His Son, 1759-65 On the Fine Art is here in full — 29 sentences across 6 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/5 · 5 lines
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LONDON, February 27, 1759 MY DEAR FRIEND: In your last letter, of the 7th, you accuse me, most unjustly, of being in arrears in my correspondence; whereas, if our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerably debtor.
I do not see how any of my letters to you can miscarry, unless your office-packet miscarries too, for I always send them to the office.
Moreover, I might have a justifiable excuse for writing to you seldomer than usual, for to be sure there never was a period of time, in the middle of a winter, and the parliament sitting, that supplied so little matter for a letter.
Near twelve millions have been granted this year, not only 'nemine contradicente', but, 'nemine quicquid dicente'.
The proper officers bring in the estimates; it is taken for granted that they are necessary and frugal; the members go to dinner; and leave Mr. West and Mr. Martin to do the rest.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Letters to His Son, 1759-65 On the Fine Art

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of Letters to His Son, 1759-65 On the Fine Art is here in full — 29 sentences across 6 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/5 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
LONDON, February 27, 1759 MY DEAR FRIEND: In your last letter, of the 7th, you accuse me, most unjustly, of being in arrears in my correspondence; whereas, if our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerably debtor.
Line 2
I do not see how any of my letters to you can miscarry, unless your office-packet miscarries too, for I always send them to the office.
Line 3
Moreover, I might have a justifiable excuse for writing to you seldomer than usual, for to be sure there never was a period of time, in the middle of a winter, and the parliament sitting, that supplied so little matter for a letter.
Line 4
Near twelve millions have been granted this year, not only 'nemine contradicente', but, 'nemine quicquid dicente'.
Line 5
The proper officers bring in the estimates; it is taken for granted that they are necessary and frugal; the members go to dinner; and leave Mr. West and Mr. Martin to do the rest.
/ðə ˈprɑːpər ˈɔːfəsərz brɪŋ ɪn ðə ˈestəməts ɪt ɪz ˈteɪkən fɔːr ˈɡræntəd ðæt ðeɪ ɑːr ˈnesəseri ənd ˈfruːɡəl ðə ˈmembərz ɡoʊ tuː ˈdɪnər ənd liːv ˈmɪstər west ənd ˈmɪstər ˈmɑːrtən tuː duː ðə rest/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

arrears noun US /ərˈɪrz/

the state of being behind in payments

From this reading “LONDON, February 27, 1759 MY DEAR FRIEND: In your last letter, of the 7th, you accuse me, most unjustly, of being in arrears in my correspondence; whereas, if our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerably debtor.”

debtor noun US /ˈdetər/

a person who owes a creditor; someone who has the obligation of paying a debt

From this reading “LONDON, February 27, 1759 MY DEAR FRIEND: In your last letter, of the 7th, you accuse me, most unjustly, of being in arrears in my correspondence; whereas, if our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerably debtor.”

epistolary adjective US /ɪˈpɪstəleri/

written in the form of or carried on by letters or correspondence

From this reading “LONDON, February 27, 1759 MY DEAR FRIEND: In your last letter, of the 7th, you accuse me, most unjustly, of being in arrears in my correspondence; whereas, if our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerably debtor.”

estimates noun US /ˈestəməts/

plural of “estimate” — an approximate calculation of quantity or degree or worth

From this reading “The proper officers bring in the estimates; it is taken for granted that they are necessary and frugal; the members go to dinner; and leave Mr. West and Mr. Martin to do the rest.”

frugal adjective US /ˈfruːɡəl/

avoiding waste

From this reading “The proper officers bring in the estimates; it is taken for granted that they are necessary and frugal; the members go to dinner; and leave Mr. West and Mr. Martin to do the rest.”

justifiable adjective US /ˈdʒʌstəfaɪəbəl/

capable of being justified

From this reading “Moreover, I might have a justifiable excuse for writing to you seldomer than usual, for to be sure there never was a period of time, in the middle of a winter, and the parliament sitting, that supplied so little matter for a letter.”

liquidated verb US /ˈlɪkwɪdeɪtɪd/

past form of “liquidate” — get rid of (someone who may be a threat) by killing

From this reading “LONDON, February 27, 1759 MY DEAR FRIEND: In your last letter, of the 7th, you accuse me, most unjustly, of being in arrears in my correspondence; whereas, if our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerably debtor.”

unjustly adverb US /ənˈdʒʌstli/

in an unjust manner

From this reading “LONDON, February 27, 1759 MY DEAR FRIEND: In your last letter, of the 7th, you accuse me, most unjustly, of being in arrears in my correspondence; whereas, if our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerably debtor.”

All words in this reading · 113

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1759

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading LONDON, February 27, 1759 MY DEAR FRIEND: In your last letter, of the 7th, you accuse me, most unjustly, of being in arrears in my correspondence; whereas, if our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerably debtor.

27

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading LONDON, February 27, 1759 MY DEAR FRIEND: In your last letter, of the 7th, you accuse me, most unjustly, of being in arrears in my correspondence; whereas, if our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerably debtor.

7th

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading LONDON, February 27, 1759 MY DEAR FRIEND: In your last letter, of the 7th, you accuse me, most unjustly, of being in arrears in my correspondence; whereas, if our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerably debtor.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Moreover, I might have a justifiable excuse for writing to you seldomer than usual, for to be sure there never was a period of time, in the middle of a winter, and the parliament sitting, that supplied so little matter for a letter.

accountsnounUS /əˈkaʊnts/

plural of “account” — a record or narrative description of past events

From this reading LONDON, February 27, 1759 MY DEAR FRIEND: In your last letter, of the 7th, you accuse me, most unjustly, of being in arrears in my correspondence; whereas, if our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerably debtor.

accuseverbUS /əˈkjuːz/

bring an accusation against; level a charge against

From this reading LONDON, February 27, 1759 MY DEAR FRIEND: In your last letter, of the 7th, you accuse me, most unjustly, of being in arrears in my correspondence; whereas, if our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerably debtor.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading I do not see how any of my letters to you can miscarry, unless your office-packet miscarries too, for I always send them to the office.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Moreover, I might have a justifiable excuse for writing to you seldomer than usual, for to be sure there never was a period of time, in the middle of a winter, and the parliament sitting, that supplied so little matter for a letter.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading I do not see how any of my letters to you can miscarry, unless your office-packet miscarries too, for I always send them to the office.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The proper officers bring in the estimates; it is taken for granted that they are necessary and frugal; the members go to dinner; and leave Mr. West and Mr. Martin to do the rest.

arrearsnounUS /ərˈɪrz/

the state of being behind in payments

From this reading LONDON, February 27, 1759 MY DEAR FRIEND: In your last letter, of the 7th, you accuse me, most unjustly, of being in arrears in my correspondence; whereas, if our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerably debtor.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading LONDON, February 27, 1759 MY DEAR FRIEND: In your last letter, of the 7th, you accuse me, most unjustly, of being in arrears in my correspondence; whereas, if our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerably debtor.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Near twelve millions have been granted this year, not only 'nemine contradicente', but, 'nemine quicquid dicente'.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading LONDON, February 27, 1759 MY DEAR FRIEND: In your last letter, of the 7th, you accuse me, most unjustly, of being in arrears in my correspondence; whereas, if our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerably debtor.

believeverbUS /bɪˈliːv/

accept as true; take to be true

From this reading LONDON, February 27, 1759 MY DEAR FRIEND: In your last letter, of the 7th, you accuse me, most unjustly, of being in arrears in my correspondence; whereas, if our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerably debtor.

bringverbUS /brɪŋ/

take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading The proper officers bring in the estimates; it is taken for granted that they are necessary and frugal; the members go to dinner; and leave Mr. West and Mr. Martin to do the rest.

broughtverbUS /brɔːt/

inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading LONDON, February 27, 1759 MY DEAR FRIEND: In your last letter, of the 7th, you accuse me, most unjustly, of being in arrears in my correspondence; whereas, if our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerably debtor.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Near twelve millions have been granted this year, not only 'nemine contradicente', but, 'nemine quicquid dicente'.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading I do not see how any of my letters to you can miscarry, unless your office-packet miscarries too, for I always send them to the office.

considerablyadverbUS /kənˈsɪdərəbli/

to a great extent or degree

From this reading LONDON, February 27, 1759 MY DEAR FRIEND: In your last letter, of the 7th, you accuse me, most unjustly, of being in arrears in my correspondence; whereas, if our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerably debtor.

contradicente

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Near twelve millions have been granted this year, not only 'nemine contradicente', but, 'nemine quicquid dicente'.

correspondencenounUS /ˌkɔːrəˈspɑːndəns/

communication by the exchange of letters

From this reading LONDON, February 27, 1759 MY DEAR FRIEND: In your last letter, of the 7th, you accuse me, most unjustly, of being in arrears in my correspondence; whereas, if our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerably debtor.

DEARadjectiveUS /dɪr/

dearly loved

From this reading LONDON, February 27, 1759 MY DEAR FRIEND: In your last letter, of the 7th, you accuse me, most unjustly, of being in arrears in my correspondence; whereas, if our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerably debtor.

debtornounUS /ˈdetər/

a person who owes a creditor; someone who has the obligation of paying a debt

From this reading LONDON, February 27, 1759 MY DEAR FRIEND: In your last letter, of the 7th, you accuse me, most unjustly, of being in arrears in my correspondence; whereas, if our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerably debtor.

dicente

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Near twelve millions have been granted this year, not only 'nemine contradicente', but, 'nemine quicquid dicente'.

dinnernounUS /ˈdɪnər/

the main meal of the day served in the evening or at midday

From this reading The proper officers bring in the estimates; it is taken for granted that they are necessary and frugal; the members go to dinner; and leave Mr. West and Mr. Martin to do the rest.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading I do not see how any of my letters to you can miscarry, unless your office-packet miscarries too, for I always send them to the office.

epistolaryadjectiveUS /ɪˈpɪstəleri/

written in the form of or carried on by letters or correspondence

From this reading LONDON, February 27, 1759 MY DEAR FRIEND: In your last letter, of the 7th, you accuse me, most unjustly, of being in arrears in my correspondence; whereas, if our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerably debtor.

estimatesnounUS /ˈestəməts/

plural of “estimate” — an approximate calculation of quantity or degree or worth

From this reading The proper officers bring in the estimates; it is taken for granted that they are necessary and frugal; the members go to dinner; and leave Mr. West and Mr. Martin to do the rest.

excuseverbUS /ɪksˈkjuːs/

accept an excuse for

From this reading Moreover, I might have a justifiable excuse for writing to you seldomer than usual, for to be sure there never was a period of time, in the middle of a winter, and the parliament sitting, that supplied so little matter for a letter.

fairlyadverbUS /ˈferli/

to certain extent or degree

From this reading LONDON, February 27, 1759 MY DEAR FRIEND: In your last letter, of the 7th, you accuse me, most unjustly, of being in arrears in my correspondence; whereas, if our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerably debtor.

FebruarynounUS /ˈfebjəweri/

the month following January and preceding March

From this reading LONDON, February 27, 1759 MY DEAR FRIEND: In your last letter, of the 7th, you accuse me, most unjustly, of being in arrears in my correspondence; whereas, if our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerably debtor.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading I do not see how any of my letters to you can miscarry, unless your office-packet miscarries too, for I always send them to the office.

FRIENDnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading LONDON, February 27, 1759 MY DEAR FRIEND: In your last letter, of the 7th, you accuse me, most unjustly, of being in arrears in my correspondence; whereas, if our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerably debtor.

frugaladjectiveUS /ˈfruːɡəl/

avoiding waste

From this reading The proper officers bring in the estimates; it is taken for granted that they are necessary and frugal; the members go to dinner; and leave Mr. West and Mr. Martin to do the rest.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading The proper officers bring in the estimates; it is taken for granted that they are necessary and frugal; the members go to dinner; and leave Mr. West and Mr. Martin to do the rest.

grantedadjectiveUS /ˈɡræntəd/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading Near twelve millions have been granted this year, not only 'nemine contradicente', but, 'nemine quicquid dicente'.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Moreover, I might have a justifiable excuse for writing to you seldomer than usual, for to be sure there never was a period of time, in the middle of a winter, and the parliament sitting, that supplied so little matter for a letter.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I do not see how any of my letters to you can miscarry, unless your office-packet miscarries too, for I always send them to the office.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading LONDON, February 27, 1759 MY DEAR FRIEND: In your last letter, of the 7th, you accuse me, most unjustly, of being in arrears in my correspondence; whereas, if our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerably debtor.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading LONDON, February 27, 1759 MY DEAR FRIEND: In your last letter, of the 7th, you accuse me, most unjustly, of being in arrears in my correspondence; whereas, if our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerably debtor.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading LONDON, February 27, 1759 MY DEAR FRIEND: In your last letter, of the 7th, you accuse me, most unjustly, of being in arrears in my correspondence; whereas, if our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerably debtor.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The proper officers bring in the estimates; it is taken for granted that they are necessary and frugal; the members go to dinner; and leave Mr. West and Mr. Martin to do the rest.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The proper officers bring in the estimates; it is taken for granted that they are necessary and frugal; the members go to dinner; and leave Mr. West and Mr. Martin to do the rest.

justifiableadjectiveUS /ˈdʒʌstəfaɪəbəl/

capable of being justified

From this reading Moreover, I might have a justifiable excuse for writing to you seldomer than usual, for to be sure there never was a period of time, in the middle of a winter, and the parliament sitting, that supplied so little matter for a letter.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading LONDON, February 27, 1759 MY DEAR FRIEND: In your last letter, of the 7th, you accuse me, most unjustly, of being in arrears in my correspondence; whereas, if our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerably debtor.

leaveverbUS /liːv/

go away from a place

From this reading The proper officers bring in the estimates; it is taken for granted that they are necessary and frugal; the members go to dinner; and leave Mr. West and Mr. Martin to do the rest.

letternounUS /ˈletər/

a written message addressed to a person or organization

From this reading LONDON, February 27, 1759 MY DEAR FRIEND: In your last letter, of the 7th, you accuse me, most unjustly, of being in arrears in my correspondence; whereas, if our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerably debtor.

lettersnounUS /ˈletərz/

the literary culture

From this reading I do not see how any of my letters to you can miscarry, unless your office-packet miscarries too, for I always send them to the office.

liquidatedverbUS /ˈlɪkwɪdeɪtɪd/

past form of “liquidate” — get rid of (someone who may be a threat) by killing

From this reading LONDON, February 27, 1759 MY DEAR FRIEND: In your last letter, of the 7th, you accuse me, most unjustly, of being in arrears in my correspondence; whereas, if our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerably debtor.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Moreover, I might have a justifiable excuse for writing to you seldomer than usual, for to be sure there never was a period of time, in the middle of a winter, and the parliament sitting, that supplied so little matter for a letter.

LONDONnounUS /ˈlʌndən/

the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center

From this reading LONDON, February 27, 1759 MY DEAR FRIEND: In your last letter, of the 7th, you accuse me, most unjustly, of being in arrears in my correspondence; whereas, if our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerably debtor.

MartinnounUS /ˈmɑːrtən/

French bishop who is a patron saint of France (died in 397)

From this reading The proper officers bring in the estimates; it is taken for granted that they are necessary and frugal; the members go to dinner; and leave Mr. West and Mr. Martin to do the rest.

matternounUS /ˈmætər/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading Moreover, I might have a justifiable excuse for writing to you seldomer than usual, for to be sure there never was a period of time, in the middle of a winter, and the parliament sitting, that supplied so little matter for a letter.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading LONDON, February 27, 1759 MY DEAR FRIEND: In your last letter, of the 7th, you accuse me, most unjustly, of being in arrears in my correspondence; whereas, if our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerably debtor.

membersnounUS /ˈmembərz/

plural of “member” — one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization)

From this reading The proper officers bring in the estimates; it is taken for granted that they are necessary and frugal; the members go to dinner; and leave Mr. West and Mr. Martin to do the rest.

middlenounUS /ˈmɪdəl/

an area that is approximately central within some larger region

From this reading Moreover, I might have a justifiable excuse for writing to you seldomer than usual, for to be sure there never was a period of time, in the middle of a winter, and the parliament sitting, that supplied so little matter for a letter.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading Moreover, I might have a justifiable excuse for writing to you seldomer than usual, for to be sure there never was a period of time, in the middle of a winter, and the parliament sitting, that supplied so little matter for a letter.

millionsnounUS /ˈmɪljənz/

plural of “million” — the number that is represented as a one followed by 6 zeros

From this reading Near twelve millions have been granted this year, not only 'nemine contradicente', but, 'nemine quicquid dicente'.

miscarries

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I do not see how any of my letters to you can miscarry, unless your office-packet miscarries too, for I always send them to the office.

miscarryverb

be unsuccessful

From this reading I do not see how any of my letters to you can miscarry, unless your office-packet miscarries too, for I always send them to the office.

MoreoveradverbUS /mɔːˈroʊvər/

in addition to what has just been said

From this reading Moreover, I might have a justifiable excuse for writing to you seldomer than usual, for to be sure there never was a period of time, in the middle of a winter, and the parliament sitting, that supplied so little matter for a letter.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading LONDON, February 27, 1759 MY DEAR FRIEND: In your last letter, of the 7th, you accuse me, most unjustly, of being in arrears in my correspondence; whereas, if our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerably debtor.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading The proper officers bring in the estimates; it is taken for granted that they are necessary and frugal; the members go to dinner; and leave Mr. West and Mr. Martin to do the rest.

MYdeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading LONDON, February 27, 1759 MY DEAR FRIEND: In your last letter, of the 7th, you accuse me, most unjustly, of being in arrears in my correspondence; whereas, if our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerably debtor.

NearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading Near twelve millions have been granted this year, not only 'nemine contradicente', but, 'nemine quicquid dicente'.

necessaryadjectiveUS /ˈnesəseri/

absolutely essential

From this reading The proper officers bring in the estimates; it is taken for granted that they are necessary and frugal; the members go to dinner; and leave Mr. West and Mr. Martin to do the rest.

nemine

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Near twelve millions have been granted this year, not only 'nemine contradicente', but, 'nemine quicquid dicente'.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading Moreover, I might have a justifiable excuse for writing to you seldomer than usual, for to be sure there never was a period of time, in the middle of a winter, and the parliament sitting, that supplied so little matter for a letter.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading I do not see how any of my letters to you can miscarry, unless your office-packet miscarries too, for I always send them to the office.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading LONDON, February 27, 1759 MY DEAR FRIEND: In your last letter, of the 7th, you accuse me, most unjustly, of being in arrears in my correspondence; whereas, if our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerably debtor.

officenounUS /ˈɔːfɪs/

place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed

From this reading I do not see how any of my letters to you can miscarry, unless your office-packet miscarries too, for I always send them to the office.

office-packet

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I do not see how any of my letters to you can miscarry, unless your office-packet miscarries too, for I always send them to the office.

officersnounUS /ˈɔːfəsərz/

plural of “officer” — any person in the armed services who holds a position of authority or command

From this reading The proper officers bring in the estimates; it is taken for granted that they are necessary and frugal; the members go to dinner; and leave Mr. West and Mr. Martin to do the rest.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading Near twelve millions have been granted this year, not only 'nemine contradicente', but, 'nemine quicquid dicente'.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading LONDON, February 27, 1759 MY DEAR FRIEND: In your last letter, of the 7th, you accuse me, most unjustly, of being in arrears in my correspondence; whereas, if our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerably debtor.

parliamentnounUS /ˈpɑːrləmənt/

a legislative assembly in certain countries

From this reading Moreover, I might have a justifiable excuse for writing to you seldomer than usual, for to be sure there never was a period of time, in the middle of a winter, and the parliament sitting, that supplied so little matter for a letter.

periodnounUS /ˈpɪriəd/

an amount of time

From this reading Moreover, I might have a justifiable excuse for writing to you seldomer than usual, for to be sure there never was a period of time, in the middle of a winter, and the parliament sitting, that supplied so little matter for a letter.

properadjectiveUS /ˈprɑːpər/

marked by suitability or rightness or appropriateness

From this reading The proper officers bring in the estimates; it is taken for granted that they are necessary and frugal; the members go to dinner; and leave Mr. West and Mr. Martin to do the rest.

quicquid

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Near twelve millions have been granted this year, not only 'nemine contradicente', but, 'nemine quicquid dicente'.

restverbUS /rest/

not move; be in a resting position

From this reading The proper officers bring in the estimates; it is taken for granted that they are necessary and frugal; the members go to dinner; and leave Mr. West and Mr. Martin to do the rest.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading I do not see how any of my letters to you can miscarry, unless your office-packet miscarries too, for I always send them to the office.

seldomer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Moreover, I might have a justifiable excuse for writing to you seldomer than usual, for to be sure there never was a period of time, in the middle of a winter, and the parliament sitting, that supplied so little matter for a letter.

sendverbUS /send/

cause to go somewhere

From this reading I do not see how any of my letters to you can miscarry, unless your office-packet miscarries too, for I always send them to the office.

sittingnounUS /ˈsɪtɪŋ/

(photography) the act of assuming a certain position (as for a photograph or portrait)

From this reading Moreover, I might have a justifiable excuse for writing to you seldomer than usual, for to be sure there never was a period of time, in the middle of a winter, and the parliament sitting, that supplied so little matter for a letter.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Moreover, I might have a justifiable excuse for writing to you seldomer than usual, for to be sure there never was a period of time, in the middle of a winter, and the parliament sitting, that supplied so little matter for a letter.

suppliedverbUS /səˈplaɪd/

inflected form of “supply” — give something useful or necessary to

From this reading Moreover, I might have a justifiable excuse for writing to you seldomer than usual, for to be sure there never was a period of time, in the middle of a winter, and the parliament sitting, that supplied so little matter for a letter.

sureadjectiveUS /ʃʊr/

having or feeling no doubt or uncertainty; confident and assured

From this reading Moreover, I might have a justifiable excuse for writing to you seldomer than usual, for to be sure there never was a period of time, in the middle of a winter, and the parliament sitting, that supplied so little matter for a letter.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading The proper officers bring in the estimates; it is taken for granted that they are necessary and frugal; the members go to dinner; and leave Mr. West and Mr. Martin to do the rest.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Moreover, I might have a justifiable excuse for writing to you seldomer than usual, for to be sure there never was a period of time, in the middle of a winter, and the parliament sitting, that supplied so little matter for a letter.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Moreover, I might have a justifiable excuse for writing to you seldomer than usual, for to be sure there never was a period of time, in the middle of a winter, and the parliament sitting, that supplied so little matter for a letter.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading LONDON, February 27, 1759 MY DEAR FRIEND: In your last letter, of the 7th, you accuse me, most unjustly, of being in arrears in my correspondence; whereas, if our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerably debtor.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading I do not see how any of my letters to you can miscarry, unless your office-packet miscarries too, for I always send them to the office.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Moreover, I might have a justifiable excuse for writing to you seldomer than usual, for to be sure there never was a period of time, in the middle of a winter, and the parliament sitting, that supplied so little matter for a letter.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The proper officers bring in the estimates; it is taken for granted that they are necessary and frugal; the members go to dinner; and leave Mr. West and Mr. Martin to do the rest.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Near twelve millions have been granted this year, not only 'nemine contradicente', but, 'nemine quicquid dicente'.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Moreover, I might have a justifiable excuse for writing to you seldomer than usual, for to be sure there never was a period of time, in the middle of a winter, and the parliament sitting, that supplied so little matter for a letter.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading I do not see how any of my letters to you can miscarry, unless your office-packet miscarries too, for I always send them to the office.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading I do not see how any of my letters to you can miscarry, unless your office-packet miscarries too, for I always send them to the office.

twelvenounUS /twelv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of eleven and one

From this reading Near twelve millions have been granted this year, not only 'nemine contradicente', but, 'nemine quicquid dicente'.

unjustlyadverbUS /ənˈdʒʌstli/

in an unjust manner

From this reading LONDON, February 27, 1759 MY DEAR FRIEND: In your last letter, of the 7th, you accuse me, most unjustly, of being in arrears in my correspondence; whereas, if our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerably debtor.

unlessconjunctionUS /ənˈles/

except if; if not

From this reading I do not see how any of my letters to you can miscarry, unless your office-packet miscarries too, for I always send them to the office.

usualadjectiveUS /ˈjuːʒəwəl/

occurring or encountered or experienced or observed frequently or in accordance with regular practice or procedure

From this reading Moreover, I might have a justifiable excuse for writing to you seldomer than usual, for to be sure there never was a period of time, in the middle of a winter, and the parliament sitting, that supplied so little matter for a letter.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Moreover, I might have a justifiable excuse for writing to you seldomer than usual, for to be sure there never was a period of time, in the middle of a winter, and the parliament sitting, that supplied so little matter for a letter.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading LONDON, February 27, 1759 MY DEAR FRIEND: In your last letter, of the 7th, you accuse me, most unjustly, of being in arrears in my correspondence; whereas, if our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerably debtor.

WestnounUS /west/

the countries of (originally) Europe and (now including) North America and South America

From this reading The proper officers bring in the estimates; it is taken for granted that they are necessary and frugal; the members go to dinner; and leave Mr. West and Mr. Martin to do the rest.

whereasconjunctionUS /weˈræz/

in contrast with the fact that

From this reading LONDON, February 27, 1759 MY DEAR FRIEND: In your last letter, of the 7th, you accuse me, most unjustly, of being in arrears in my correspondence; whereas, if our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerably debtor.

winternounUS /ˈwɪntər/

the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox

From this reading Moreover, I might have a justifiable excuse for writing to you seldomer than usual, for to be sure there never was a period of time, in the middle of a winter, and the parliament sitting, that supplied so little matter for a letter.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading LONDON, February 27, 1759 MY DEAR FRIEND: In your last letter, of the 7th, you accuse me, most unjustly, of being in arrears in my correspondence; whereas, if our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerably debtor.

writingnounUS /ˈraɪtɪŋ/

the act of creating written works

From this reading Moreover, I might have a justifiable excuse for writing to you seldomer than usual, for to be sure there never was a period of time, in the middle of a winter, and the parliament sitting, that supplied so little matter for a letter.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading Near twelve millions have been granted this year, not only 'nemine contradicente', but, 'nemine quicquid dicente'.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading LONDON, February 27, 1759 MY DEAR FRIEND: In your last letter, of the 7th, you accuse me, most unjustly, of being in arrears in my correspondence; whereas, if our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerably debtor.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading LONDON, February 27, 1759 MY DEAR FRIEND: In your last letter, of the 7th, you accuse me, most unjustly, of being in arrears in my correspondence; whereas, if our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerably debtor.

Chapter 3 of Letters to His Son, 1759-65 On the Fine Art by Philip Dormer Stanhope, Earl of Chesterfield holds 29 sentences, grouped into 6 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of Letters to His Son, 1759-65 On the Fine Art contain?

Chapter 3 holds 29 sentences of Letters to His Son, 1759-65 On the Fine Art, unabridged, divided into 6 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of Letters to His Son, 1759-65 On the Fine Art by Philip Dormer Stanhope, Earl of Chesterfield exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 29 sentences, grouped into 6 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of Letters to His Son, 1759-65 On the Fine Art?

Work through the 6 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 6 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Common questions about reading Letters to His Son, 1759-65 On the Fine Art by Philip Dormer Stanhope, Earl of Chesterfield on this page, its source edition and its audio.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #3359, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 50 minutes of reading across 122 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Letters to His Son, 1759-65 On the Fine Art

Words and structures a reader meets early in Letters to His Son, 1759-65 On the Fine Art, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Friend
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1759-65 On the Fine Art; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Molti
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1759-65 On the Fine Art; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Felici'
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1759-65 On the Fine Art; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Subject
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1759-65 On the Fine Art; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.