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Letters to His Son, 1766-71 On the Fine Art
Letters to His Son, 1766-71 On the Fine Art

Chapter V · Chapter 5

Chapter 5 of Letters to His Son, 1766-71 On the Fine Art is here in full — 21 sentences across 5 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Letters to His Son, 1766-71 On the Fine Art
Context Illustration Reading 1/4 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
BLACKHEATH, August 1, 1766.
MY DEAR FRIEND: The curtain was at last drawn up, the day before yesterday, and discovered the new actors, together with some of the old ones.
I do not name them to you, because to-morrow's Gazette will do it full as well as I could.
Mr. Pitt, who had carte blanche given him, named everyone of them: but what would you think he named himself for?
Lord Privy Seal; and (what will astonish you, as it does every mortal here) Earl of Chatham.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Letters to His Son, 1766-71 On the Fine Art

Chapter V · Chapter 5

Chapter 5 of Letters to His Son, 1766-71 On the Fine Art is here in full — 21 sentences across 5 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/4 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
BLACKHEATH, August 1, 1766.
Line 2
MY DEAR FRIEND: The curtain was at last drawn up, the day before yesterday, and discovered the new actors, together with some of the old ones.
/maɪ dɪr frend ðə ˈkɜːrtən wɑːz æt læst drɔːn ʌp ðə deɪ bɪˈfɔːr ˈjestərdeɪ ənd dɪˈskʌvərd ðə nuː ˈæktərz təˈɡeðər wɪð sʌm ʌv ðə oʊld wʌnz/
Line 3
I do not name them to you, because to-morrow's Gazette will do it full as well as I could.
Line 4
Mr. Pitt, who had carte blanche given him, named everyone of them: but what would you think he named himself for?
Line 5
Lord Privy Seal; and (what will astonish you, as it does every mortal here) Earl of Chatham.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

actors noun US /ˈæktərz/

plural of “actor” — a theatrical performer

From this reading “MY DEAR FRIEND: The curtain was at last drawn up, the day before yesterday, and discovered the new actors, together with some of the old ones.”

astonish verb US /əˈstɑːnɪʃ/

affect with wonder

From this reading “Lord Privy Seal; and (what will astonish you, as it does every mortal here) Earl of Chatham.”

carte noun US /kɑːrt/

a list of dishes available at a restaurant

From this reading “Mr. Pitt, who had carte blanche given him, named everyone of them: but what would you think he named himself for?”

everyone pronoun US /ˈevriwʌn/

every person

From this reading “Mr. Pitt, who had carte blanche given him, named everyone of them: but what would you think he named himself for?”

Gazette noun US /ɡəˈzet/

a newspaper or official journal

From this reading “I do not name them to you, because to-morrow's Gazette will do it full as well as I could.”

Pitt noun US /pɪt/

a British playwright who created the fictional character Sweeney Todd (1799-1855)

From this reading “Mr. Pitt, who had carte blanche given him, named everyone of them: but what would you think he named himself for?”

Privy noun US /ˈprɪvi/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading “Lord Privy Seal; and (what will astonish you, as it does every mortal here) Earl of Chatham.”

Seal verb US /siːl/

make tight; secure against leakage

From this reading “Lord Privy Seal; and (what will astonish you, as it does every mortal here) Earl of Chatham.”

All words in this reading · 70

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading BLACKHEATH, August 1, 1766.

1766

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading BLACKHEATH, August 1, 1766.

actorsnounUS /ˈæktərz/

plural of “actor” — a theatrical performer

From this reading MY DEAR FRIEND: The curtain was at last drawn up, the day before yesterday, and discovered the new actors, together with some of the old ones.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading MY DEAR FRIEND: The curtain was at last drawn up, the day before yesterday, and discovered the new actors, together with some of the old ones.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading I do not name them to you, because to-morrow's Gazette will do it full as well as I could.

astonishverbUS /əˈstɑːnɪʃ/

affect with wonder

From this reading Lord Privy Seal; and (what will astonish you, as it does every mortal here) Earl of Chatham.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading MY DEAR FRIEND: The curtain was at last drawn up, the day before yesterday, and discovered the new actors, together with some of the old ones.

AugustnounUS /ˈɑːɡəst/

the month following July and preceding September

From this reading BLACKHEATH, August 1, 1766.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading I do not name them to you, because to-morrow's Gazette will do it full as well as I could.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading MY DEAR FRIEND: The curtain was at last drawn up, the day before yesterday, and discovered the new actors, together with some of the old ones.

BLACKHEATH

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading BLACKHEATH, August 1, 1766.

blanche

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Pitt, who had carte blanche given him, named everyone of them: but what would you think he named himself for?

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Mr. Pitt, who had carte blanche given him, named everyone of them: but what would you think he named himself for?

cartenounUS /kɑːrt/

a list of dishes available at a restaurant

From this reading Mr. Pitt, who had carte blanche given him, named everyone of them: but what would you think he named himself for?

Chatham

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Lord Privy Seal; and (what will astonish you, as it does every mortal here) Earl of Chatham.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading I do not name them to you, because to-morrow's Gazette will do it full as well as I could.

curtainnounUS /ˈkɜːrtən/

hanging cloth used as a blind (especially for a window)

From this reading MY DEAR FRIEND: The curtain was at last drawn up, the day before yesterday, and discovered the new actors, together with some of the old ones.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading MY DEAR FRIEND: The curtain was at last drawn up, the day before yesterday, and discovered the new actors, together with some of the old ones.

DEARadjectiveUS /dɪr/

dearly loved

From this reading MY DEAR FRIEND: The curtain was at last drawn up, the day before yesterday, and discovered the new actors, together with some of the old ones.

discoveredadjectiveUS /dɪˈskʌvərd/

discovered or determined by scientific observation

From this reading MY DEAR FRIEND: The curtain was at last drawn up, the day before yesterday, and discovered the new actors, together with some of the old ones.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading I do not name them to you, because to-morrow's Gazette will do it full as well as I could.

doesauxiliary verbUS /dʌz/

the form of “do” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Lord Privy Seal; and (what will astonish you, as it does every mortal here) Earl of Chatham.

drawnadjectiveUS /drɔːn/

showing the wearing effects of overwork or care or suffering

From this reading MY DEAR FRIEND: The curtain was at last drawn up, the day before yesterday, and discovered the new actors, together with some of the old ones.

EarlnounUS /ɜːrl/

a British peer ranking below a marquess and above a viscount

From this reading Lord Privy Seal; and (what will astonish you, as it does every mortal here) Earl of Chatham.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading Lord Privy Seal; and (what will astonish you, as it does every mortal here) Earl of Chatham.

everyonepronounUS /ˈevriwʌn/

every person

From this reading Mr. Pitt, who had carte blanche given him, named everyone of them: but what would you think he named himself for?

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Mr. Pitt, who had carte blanche given him, named everyone of them: but what would you think he named himself for?

FRIENDnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading MY DEAR FRIEND: The curtain was at last drawn up, the day before yesterday, and discovered the new actors, together with some of the old ones.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading I do not name them to you, because to-morrow's Gazette will do it full as well as I could.

GazettenounUS /ɡəˈzet/

a newspaper or official journal

From this reading I do not name them to you, because to-morrow's Gazette will do it full as well as I could.

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading Mr. Pitt, who had carte blanche given him, named everyone of them: but what would you think he named himself for?

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Mr. Pitt, who had carte blanche given him, named everyone of them: but what would you think he named himself for?

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Mr. Pitt, who had carte blanche given him, named everyone of them: but what would you think he named himself for?

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading Lord Privy Seal; and (what will astonish you, as it does every mortal here) Earl of Chatham.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Mr. Pitt, who had carte blanche given him, named everyone of them: but what would you think he named himself for?

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Mr. Pitt, who had carte blanche given him, named everyone of them: but what would you think he named himself for?

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I do not name them to you, because to-morrow's Gazette will do it full as well as I could.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading I do not name them to you, because to-morrow's Gazette will do it full as well as I could.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading MY DEAR FRIEND: The curtain was at last drawn up, the day before yesterday, and discovered the new actors, together with some of the old ones.

LordnounUS /lɔːrd/

terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading Lord Privy Seal; and (what will astonish you, as it does every mortal here) Earl of Chatham.

mortaladjectiveUS /ˈmɔːrtəl/

subject to death

From this reading Lord Privy Seal; and (what will astonish you, as it does every mortal here) Earl of Chatham.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading Mr. Pitt, who had carte blanche given him, named everyone of them: but what would you think he named himself for?

MYdeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading MY DEAR FRIEND: The curtain was at last drawn up, the day before yesterday, and discovered the new actors, together with some of the old ones.

nameverbUS /neɪm/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading I do not name them to you, because to-morrow's Gazette will do it full as well as I could.

namedverbUS /neɪmd/

past form of “name” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading Mr. Pitt, who had carte blanche given him, named everyone of them: but what would you think he named himself for?

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading MY DEAR FRIEND: The curtain was at last drawn up, the day before yesterday, and discovered the new actors, together with some of the old ones.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading I do not name them to you, because to-morrow's Gazette will do it full as well as I could.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading MY DEAR FRIEND: The curtain was at last drawn up, the day before yesterday, and discovered the new actors, together with some of the old ones.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading MY DEAR FRIEND: The curtain was at last drawn up, the day before yesterday, and discovered the new actors, together with some of the old ones.

onesnounUS /wʌnz/

plural of “one” — the smallest whole number or a numeral representing this number

From this reading MY DEAR FRIEND: The curtain was at last drawn up, the day before yesterday, and discovered the new actors, together with some of the old ones.

PittnounUS /pɪt/

a British playwright who created the fictional character Sweeney Todd (1799-1855)

From this reading Mr. Pitt, who had carte blanche given him, named everyone of them: but what would you think he named himself for?

PrivynounUS /ˈprɪvi/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading Lord Privy Seal; and (what will astonish you, as it does every mortal here) Earl of Chatham.

SealverbUS /siːl/

make tight; secure against leakage

From this reading Lord Privy Seal; and (what will astonish you, as it does every mortal here) Earl of Chatham.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading MY DEAR FRIEND: The curtain was at last drawn up, the day before yesterday, and discovered the new actors, together with some of the old ones.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading MY DEAR FRIEND: The curtain was at last drawn up, the day before yesterday, and discovered the new actors, together with some of the old ones.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading I do not name them to you, because to-morrow's Gazette will do it full as well as I could.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading Mr. Pitt, who had carte blanche given him, named everyone of them: but what would you think he named himself for?

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading I do not name them to you, because to-morrow's Gazette will do it full as well as I could.

to-morrow's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I do not name them to you, because to-morrow's Gazette will do it full as well as I could.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading MY DEAR FRIEND: The curtain was at last drawn up, the day before yesterday, and discovered the new actors, together with some of the old ones.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading MY DEAR FRIEND: The curtain was at last drawn up, the day before yesterday, and discovered the new actors, together with some of the old ones.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading MY DEAR FRIEND: The curtain was at last drawn up, the day before yesterday, and discovered the new actors, together with some of the old ones.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading I do not name them to you, because to-morrow's Gazette will do it full as well as I could.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Mr. Pitt, who had carte blanche given him, named everyone of them: but what would you think he named himself for?

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Mr. Pitt, who had carte blanche given him, named everyone of them: but what would you think he named himself for?

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading I do not name them to you, because to-morrow's Gazette will do it full as well as I could.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading MY DEAR FRIEND: The curtain was at last drawn up, the day before yesterday, and discovered the new actors, together with some of the old ones.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Mr. Pitt, who had carte blanche given him, named everyone of them: but what would you think he named himself for?

yesterdaynounUS /ˈjestərdeɪ/

the day immediately before today

From this reading MY DEAR FRIEND: The curtain was at last drawn up, the day before yesterday, and discovered the new actors, together with some of the old ones.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading I do not name them to you, because to-morrow's Gazette will do it full as well as I could.

Chapter 5 of Letters to His Son, 1766-71 On the Fine Art by Philip Dormer Stanhope, Earl of Chesterfield holds 21 sentences, grouped into 5 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 5 of Letters to His Son, 1766-71 On the Fine Art contain?

Chapter 5 holds 21 sentences of Letters to His Son, 1766-71 On the Fine Art, unabridged, divided into 5 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 5 of Letters to His Son, 1766-71 On the Fine Art by Philip Dormer Stanhope, Earl of Chesterfield exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 21 sentences, grouped into 5 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 5 of Letters to His Son, 1766-71 On the Fine Art?

Work through the 5 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 5 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 5 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 5 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Letters to His Son, 1766-71 On the Fine Art

Common questions about reading Letters to His Son, 1766-71 On the Fine Art by Philip Dormer Stanhope, Earl of Chesterfield on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Letters to His Son, 1766-71 On the Fine Art?

Yes. All 472 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #3360 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Letters to His Son, 1766-71 On the Fine Art is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #3360, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Letters to His Son, 1766-71 On the Fine Art take to read?

About 39 minutes of reading across 95 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Letters to His Son, 1766-71 On the Fine Art section by section

How to work through Letters to His Son, 1766-71 On the Fine Art section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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  3. Listen and tap

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Vocabulary met early in Letters to His Son, 1766-71 On the Fine Art

Words and structures a reader meets early in Letters to His Son, 1766-71 On the Fine Art, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Friend
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1766-71 On the Fine Art; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Received
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1766-71 On the Fine Art; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Letter
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1766-71 On the Fine Art; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Former
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Letters to His Son, 1766-71 On the Fine Art; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.