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Letters to Judd, an American Workingman
Letters to Judd, an American Workingman

Chapter XVI

Chapter 16 of Letters to Judd, an American Workingman is here in full — 59 sentences across 12 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Letters to Judd, an American Workingman
Context Illustration Reading 1/11 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
MY DEAR JUDD: We are going to take over the industrial plant of the United States, and run it as one planned enterprise for the benefit of the whole people.
Just what do we mean to take?
Roughly speaking, all railroads, telegraphs and telephones, all banks, the mines and large factories, the large oil fields with pipe-lines and refineries, the large packing and canning plants, the large warehouses and stores, and what office buildings are necessary for these enterprises.
We do not want the homes, nor the personal property, nor the automobiles, nor the livestock; nor, if I have my way, shall we want farms.
Some old-time Socialists will contest this, but the new generation will agree, I think.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Letters to Judd, an American Workingman

Chapter XVI

Chapter 16 of Letters to Judd, an American Workingman is here in full — 59 sentences across 12 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/11 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
MY DEAR JUDD: We are going to take over the industrial plant of the United States, and run it as one planned enterprise for the benefit of the whole people.
Line 2
Just what do we mean to take?
/dʒʌst wʌt duː wiː miːn tuː teɪk/
Line 3
Roughly speaking, all railroads, telegraphs and telephones, all banks, the mines and large factories, the large oil fields with pipe-lines and refineries, the large packing and canning plants, the large warehouses and stores, and what office buildings are necessary for these enterprises.
Line 4
We do not want the homes, nor the personal property, nor the automobiles, nor the livestock; nor, if I have my way, shall we want farms.
/wiː duː nɑːt wɑːnt ðə hoʊmz nɔːr ðə ˈpɜːrsɪnəl ˈprɑːpərti nɔːr ðə ˈɔːtəmoʊbiːlz nɔːr ðə ˈlaɪvstɑːk nɔːr ɪf aɪ hæv maɪ weɪ ʃæl wiː wɑːnt fɑːrmz/
Line 5
Some old-time Socialists will contest this, but the new generation will agree, I think.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

automobiles noun US /ˈɔːtəmoʊbiːlz/

plural of “automobile” — a motor vehicle with four wheels; usually propelled by an internal combustion engine

From this reading “We do not want the homes, nor the personal property, nor the automobiles, nor the livestock; nor, if I have my way, shall we want farms.”

canning verb US /ˈkænɪŋ/

inflected form of “can” — preserve in a can or tin

From this reading “Roughly speaking, all railroads, telegraphs and telephones, all banks, the mines and large factories, the large oil fields with pipe-lines and refineries, the large packing and canning plants, the large warehouses and stores, and what office buildings are necessary for these enterprises.”

enterprises noun US /ˈentərpraɪzɪz/

plural of “enterprise” — a purposeful or industrious undertaking (especially one that requires effort or boldness)

From this reading “Roughly speaking, all railroads, telegraphs and telephones, all banks, the mines and large factories, the large oil fields with pipe-lines and refineries, the large packing and canning plants, the large warehouses and stores, and what office buildings are necessary for these enterprises.”

livestock noun US /ˈlaɪvstɑːk/

any animals kept for use or profit

From this reading “We do not want the homes, nor the personal property, nor the automobiles, nor the livestock; nor, if I have my way, shall we want farms.”

refineries noun US /rɪˈfaɪnəriz/

plural of “refinery” — an industrial plant for purifying a crude substance

From this reading “Roughly speaking, all railroads, telegraphs and telephones, all banks, the mines and large factories, the large oil fields with pipe-lines and refineries, the large packing and canning plants, the large warehouses and stores, and what office buildings are necessary for these enterprises.”

Socialists noun US /ˈsoʊʃələsts/

plural of “socialist” — a political advocate of socialism

From this reading “Some old-time Socialists will contest this, but the new generation will agree, I think.”

telephones noun US /ˈteləfoʊnz/

plural of “telephone” — electronic equipment that converts sound into electrical signals that can be transmitted over distances and then converts received signals back into sounds

From this reading “Roughly speaking, all railroads, telegraphs and telephones, all banks, the mines and large factories, the large oil fields with pipe-lines and refineries, the large packing and canning plants, the large warehouses and stores, and what office buildings are necessary for these enterprises.”

warehouses noun US /ˈwerhaʊzɪz/

plural of “warehouse” — a storehouse for goods and merchandise

From this reading “Roughly speaking, all railroads, telegraphs and telephones, all banks, the mines and large factories, the large oil fields with pipe-lines and refineries, the large packing and canning plants, the large warehouses and stores, and what office buildings are necessary for these enterprises.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

personal property adjective + noun

movable property (as distinguished from real estate)

In this reading “We do not want the homes, nor the personal property, nor the automobiles, nor the livestock; nor, if I have my way, shall we want farms.”

office buildings noun + noun counted as “office building”

a building containing offices where work is done

In this reading “Roughly speaking, all railroads, telegraphs and telephones, all banks, the mines and large factories, the large oil fields with pipe-lines and refineries, the large packing and canning plants, the large warehouses and stores, and what office buildings are necessary for these enterprises.”

new generation adjective + noun

In this reading “Some old-time Socialists will contest this, but the new generation will agree, I think.”

for the benefit preposition + article + noun counted as “for … benefit”

In this reading “MY DEAR JUDD: We are going to take over the industrial plant of the United States, and run it as one planned enterprise for the benefit of the whole people.”

All words in this reading · 80

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

agreeverbUS /əˈɡriː/

be in accord; be in agreement

From this reading Some old-time Socialists will contest this, but the new generation will agree, I think.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Roughly speaking, all railroads, telegraphs and telephones, all banks, the mines and large factories, the large oil fields with pipe-lines and refineries, the large packing and canning plants, the large warehouses and stores, and what office buildings are necessary for these enterprises.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are going to take over the industrial plant of the United States, and run it as one planned enterprise for the benefit of the whole people.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are going to take over the industrial plant of the United States, and run it as one planned enterprise for the benefit of the whole people.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are going to take over the industrial plant of the United States, and run it as one planned enterprise for the benefit of the whole people.

automobilesnounUS /ˈɔːtəmoʊbiːlz/

plural of “automobile” — a motor vehicle with four wheels; usually propelled by an internal combustion engine

From this reading We do not want the homes, nor the personal property, nor the automobiles, nor the livestock; nor, if I have my way, shall we want farms.

banksnounUS /bæŋks/

English botanist who accompanied Captain Cook on his first voyage to the Pacific Ocean (1743-1820)

From this reading Roughly speaking, all railroads, telegraphs and telephones, all banks, the mines and large factories, the large oil fields with pipe-lines and refineries, the large packing and canning plants, the large warehouses and stores, and what office buildings are necessary for these enterprises.

benefitnounUS /ˈbenəfɪt/

financial assistance in time of need

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are going to take over the industrial plant of the United States, and run it as one planned enterprise for the benefit of the whole people.

buildingsnounUS /ˈbɪldɪŋz/

plural of “building” — a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place

From this reading Roughly speaking, all railroads, telegraphs and telephones, all banks, the mines and large factories, the large oil fields with pipe-lines and refineries, the large packing and canning plants, the large warehouses and stores, and what office buildings are necessary for these enterprises.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Some old-time Socialists will contest this, but the new generation will agree, I think.

canningverbUS /ˈkænɪŋ/

inflected form of “can” — preserve in a can or tin

From this reading Roughly speaking, all railroads, telegraphs and telephones, all banks, the mines and large factories, the large oil fields with pipe-lines and refineries, the large packing and canning plants, the large warehouses and stores, and what office buildings are necessary for these enterprises.

contestnounUS /ˈkɑːntest/

an occasion on which a winner is selected from among two or more contestants

From this reading Some old-time Socialists will contest this, but the new generation will agree, I think.

DEARadjectiveUS /dɪr/

dearly loved

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are going to take over the industrial plant of the United States, and run it as one planned enterprise for the benefit of the whole people.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading Just what do we mean to take?

enterprisenounUS /ˈentərpraɪz/

a purposeful or industrious undertaking (especially one that requires effort or boldness)

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are going to take over the industrial plant of the United States, and run it as one planned enterprise for the benefit of the whole people.

enterprisesnounUS /ˈentərpraɪzɪz/

plural of “enterprise” — a purposeful or industrious undertaking (especially one that requires effort or boldness)

From this reading Roughly speaking, all railroads, telegraphs and telephones, all banks, the mines and large factories, the large oil fields with pipe-lines and refineries, the large packing and canning plants, the large warehouses and stores, and what office buildings are necessary for these enterprises.

factoriesnounUS /ˈfæktəriz/

plural of “factory” — a plant consisting of one or more buildings with facilities for manufacturing

From this reading Roughly speaking, all railroads, telegraphs and telephones, all banks, the mines and large factories, the large oil fields with pipe-lines and refineries, the large packing and canning plants, the large warehouses and stores, and what office buildings are necessary for these enterprises.

farmsnounUS /fɑːrmz/

plural of “farm” — workplace consisting of farm buildings and cultivated land as a unit

From this reading We do not want the homes, nor the personal property, nor the automobiles, nor the livestock; nor, if I have my way, shall we want farms.

fieldsnounUS /fiːldz/

United States comedian and film actor (1880-1946)

From this reading Roughly speaking, all railroads, telegraphs and telephones, all banks, the mines and large factories, the large oil fields with pipe-lines and refineries, the large packing and canning plants, the large warehouses and stores, and what office buildings are necessary for these enterprises.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are going to take over the industrial plant of the United States, and run it as one planned enterprise for the benefit of the whole people.

generationnounUS /ˌdʒenərˈeɪʃən/

all the people living at the same time or of approximately the same age

From this reading Some old-time Socialists will contest this, but the new generation will agree, I think.

goingnounUS /ˈɡoʊɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are going to take over the industrial plant of the United States, and run it as one planned enterprise for the benefit of the whole people.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading We do not want the homes, nor the personal property, nor the automobiles, nor the livestock; nor, if I have my way, shall we want farms.

homesnounUS /hoʊmz/

plural of “home” — where you live at a particular time

From this reading We do not want the homes, nor the personal property, nor the automobiles, nor the livestock; nor, if I have my way, shall we want farms.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading We do not want the homes, nor the personal property, nor the automobiles, nor the livestock; nor, if I have my way, shall we want farms.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading We do not want the homes, nor the personal property, nor the automobiles, nor the livestock; nor, if I have my way, shall we want farms.

industrialadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈdʌstriəl/

of or relating to or resulting from industry

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are going to take over the industrial plant of the United States, and run it as one planned enterprise for the benefit of the whole people.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are going to take over the industrial plant of the United States, and run it as one planned enterprise for the benefit of the whole people.

JUDD

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are going to take over the industrial plant of the United States, and run it as one planned enterprise for the benefit of the whole people.

JustadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading Just what do we mean to take?

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Roughly speaking, all railroads, telegraphs and telephones, all banks, the mines and large factories, the large oil fields with pipe-lines and refineries, the large packing and canning plants, the large warehouses and stores, and what office buildings are necessary for these enterprises.

livestocknounUS /ˈlaɪvstɑːk/

any animals kept for use or profit

From this reading We do not want the homes, nor the personal property, nor the automobiles, nor the livestock; nor, if I have my way, shall we want farms.

meanverbUS /miːn/

mean or intend to express or convey

From this reading Just what do we mean to take?

minesnounUS /maɪnz/

plural of “mine” — excavation in the earth from which ores and minerals are extracted

From this reading Roughly speaking, all railroads, telegraphs and telephones, all banks, the mines and large factories, the large oil fields with pipe-lines and refineries, the large packing and canning plants, the large warehouses and stores, and what office buildings are necessary for these enterprises.

MYdeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are going to take over the industrial plant of the United States, and run it as one planned enterprise for the benefit of the whole people.

necessaryadjectiveUS /ˈnesəseri/

absolutely essential

From this reading Roughly speaking, all railroads, telegraphs and telephones, all banks, the mines and large factories, the large oil fields with pipe-lines and refineries, the large packing and canning plants, the large warehouses and stores, and what office buildings are necessary for these enterprises.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading Some old-time Socialists will contest this, but the new generation will agree, I think.

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading We do not want the homes, nor the personal property, nor the automobiles, nor the livestock; nor, if I have my way, shall we want farms.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading We do not want the homes, nor the personal property, nor the automobiles, nor the livestock; nor, if I have my way, shall we want farms.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are going to take over the industrial plant of the United States, and run it as one planned enterprise for the benefit of the whole people.

officenounUS /ˈɔːfɪs/

place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed

From this reading Roughly speaking, all railroads, telegraphs and telephones, all banks, the mines and large factories, the large oil fields with pipe-lines and refineries, the large packing and canning plants, the large warehouses and stores, and what office buildings are necessary for these enterprises.

oilnounUS /ɔɪl/

A viscous liquid derived from petroleum or plants, stored in large earthen jars.

From this reading Roughly speaking, all railroads, telegraphs and telephones, all banks, the mines and large factories, the large oil fields with pipe-lines and refineries, the large packing and canning plants, the large warehouses and stores, and what office buildings are necessary for these enterprises.

old-timeadjective

attractively old-fashioned (but not necessarily authentic)

From this reading Some old-time Socialists will contest this, but the new generation will agree, I think.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are going to take over the industrial plant of the United States, and run it as one planned enterprise for the benefit of the whole people.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are going to take over the industrial plant of the United States, and run it as one planned enterprise for the benefit of the whole people.

packingnounUS /ˈpækɪŋ/

any material used especially to protect something

From this reading Roughly speaking, all railroads, telegraphs and telephones, all banks, the mines and large factories, the large oil fields with pipe-lines and refineries, the large packing and canning plants, the large warehouses and stores, and what office buildings are necessary for these enterprises.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are going to take over the industrial plant of the United States, and run it as one planned enterprise for the benefit of the whole people.

personaladjectiveUS /ˈpɜːrsɪnəl/

concerning or affecting a particular person or his or her private life and personality

From this reading We do not want the homes, nor the personal property, nor the automobiles, nor the livestock; nor, if I have my way, shall we want farms.

pipe-lines

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Roughly speaking, all railroads, telegraphs and telephones, all banks, the mines and large factories, the large oil fields with pipe-lines and refineries, the large packing and canning plants, the large warehouses and stores, and what office buildings are necessary for these enterprises.

plannedadjectiveUS /plænd/

designed or carried out according to a plan

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are going to take over the industrial plant of the United States, and run it as one planned enterprise for the benefit of the whole people.

plantverbUS /plænt/

put or set (seeds, seedlings, or plants) into the ground

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are going to take over the industrial plant of the United States, and run it as one planned enterprise for the benefit of the whole people.

plantsnounUS /plænts/

plural of “plant” — buildings for carrying on industrial labor

From this reading Roughly speaking, all railroads, telegraphs and telephones, all banks, the mines and large factories, the large oil fields with pipe-lines and refineries, the large packing and canning plants, the large warehouses and stores, and what office buildings are necessary for these enterprises.

propertynounUS /ˈprɑːpərti/

something owned; any tangible or intangible possession that is owned by someone

From this reading We do not want the homes, nor the personal property, nor the automobiles, nor the livestock; nor, if I have my way, shall we want farms.

railroadsnounUS /ˈreɪlroʊdz/

plural of “railroad” — line that is the commercial organization responsible for operating a system of transportation for trains that pull passengers or freight

From this reading Roughly speaking, all railroads, telegraphs and telephones, all banks, the mines and large factories, the large oil fields with pipe-lines and refineries, the large packing and canning plants, the large warehouses and stores, and what office buildings are necessary for these enterprises.

refineriesnounUS /rɪˈfaɪnəriz/

plural of “refinery” — an industrial plant for purifying a crude substance

From this reading Roughly speaking, all railroads, telegraphs and telephones, all banks, the mines and large factories, the large oil fields with pipe-lines and refineries, the large packing and canning plants, the large warehouses and stores, and what office buildings are necessary for these enterprises.

RoughlyadverbUS /ˈrʌfli/

(of quantities) imprecise but fairly close to correct

From this reading Roughly speaking, all railroads, telegraphs and telephones, all banks, the mines and large factories, the large oil fields with pipe-lines and refineries, the large packing and canning plants, the large warehouses and stores, and what office buildings are necessary for these enterprises.

runverbUS /rʌn/

move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are going to take over the industrial plant of the United States, and run it as one planned enterprise for the benefit of the whole people.

shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading We do not want the homes, nor the personal property, nor the automobiles, nor the livestock; nor, if I have my way, shall we want farms.

SocialistsnounUS /ˈsoʊʃələsts/

plural of “socialist” — a political advocate of socialism

From this reading Some old-time Socialists will contest this, but the new generation will agree, I think.

SomeadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Some old-time Socialists will contest this, but the new generation will agree, I think.

speakingnounUS /ˈspiːkɪŋ/

the utterance of intelligible speech

From this reading Roughly speaking, all railroads, telegraphs and telephones, all banks, the mines and large factories, the large oil fields with pipe-lines and refineries, the large packing and canning plants, the large warehouses and stores, and what office buildings are necessary for these enterprises.

StatesnounUS /steɪts/

plural of “state” — the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are going to take over the industrial plant of the United States, and run it as one planned enterprise for the benefit of the whole people.

storesnounUS /stɔːrz/

plural of “store” — a mercantile establishment for the retail sale of goods or services

From this reading Roughly speaking, all railroads, telegraphs and telephones, all banks, the mines and large factories, the large oil fields with pipe-lines and refineries, the large packing and canning plants, the large warehouses and stores, and what office buildings are necessary for these enterprises.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are going to take over the industrial plant of the United States, and run it as one planned enterprise for the benefit of the whole people.

telegraphs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Roughly speaking, all railroads, telegraphs and telephones, all banks, the mines and large factories, the large oil fields with pipe-lines and refineries, the large packing and canning plants, the large warehouses and stores, and what office buildings are necessary for these enterprises.

telephonesnounUS /ˈteləfoʊnz/

plural of “telephone” — electronic equipment that converts sound into electrical signals that can be transmitted over distances and then converts received signals back into sounds

From this reading Roughly speaking, all railroads, telegraphs and telephones, all banks, the mines and large factories, the large oil fields with pipe-lines and refineries, the large packing and canning plants, the large warehouses and stores, and what office buildings are necessary for these enterprises.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are going to take over the industrial plant of the United States, and run it as one planned enterprise for the benefit of the whole people.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Roughly speaking, all railroads, telegraphs and telephones, all banks, the mines and large factories, the large oil fields with pipe-lines and refineries, the large packing and canning plants, the large warehouses and stores, and what office buildings are necessary for these enterprises.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading Some old-time Socialists will contest this, but the new generation will agree, I think.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Some old-time Socialists will contest this, but the new generation will agree, I think.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are going to take over the industrial plant of the United States, and run it as one planned enterprise for the benefit of the whole people.

UnitedadjectiveUS /juːˈnaɪtɪd/

characterized by unity; being or joined into a single entity

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are going to take over the industrial plant of the United States, and run it as one planned enterprise for the benefit of the whole people.

wantverbUS /wɑːnt/

feel or have a desire for; want strongly

From this reading We do not want the homes, nor the personal property, nor the automobiles, nor the livestock; nor, if I have my way, shall we want farms.

warehousesnounUS /ˈwerhaʊzɪz/

plural of “warehouse” — a storehouse for goods and merchandise

From this reading Roughly speaking, all railroads, telegraphs and telephones, all banks, the mines and large factories, the large oil fields with pipe-lines and refineries, the large packing and canning plants, the large warehouses and stores, and what office buildings are necessary for these enterprises.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading We do not want the homes, nor the personal property, nor the automobiles, nor the livestock; nor, if I have my way, shall we want farms.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are going to take over the industrial plant of the United States, and run it as one planned enterprise for the benefit of the whole people.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Just what do we mean to take?

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We are going to take over the industrial plant of the United States, and run it as one planned enterprise for the benefit of the whole people.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading Some old-time Socialists will contest this, but the new generation will agree, I think.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Roughly speaking, all railroads, telegraphs and telephones, all banks, the mines and large factories, the large oil fields with pipe-lines and refineries, the large packing and canning plants, the large warehouses and stores, and what office buildings are necessary for these enterprises.

Chapter 16 of Letters to Judd, an American Workingman by Upton Sinclair holds 59 sentences, grouped into 12 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 16 of Letters to Judd, an American Workingman contain?

Chapter 16 holds 59 sentences of Letters to Judd, an American Workingman, unabridged, divided into 12 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 16 of Letters to Judd, an American Workingman by Upton Sinclair exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 59 sentences, grouped into 12 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 16 of Letters to Judd, an American Workingman?

Work through the 12 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 12 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 16 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 16 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Letters to Judd, an American Workingman

Common questions about reading Letters to Judd, an American Workingman by Upton Sinclair on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Letters to Judd, an American Workingman?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Letters to Judd, an American Workingman is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Letters to Judd, an American Workingman take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Letters to Judd, an American Workingman section by section

How to work through Letters to Judd, an American Workingman section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 0 chapters of Letters to Judd, an American Workingman to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Letters to Judd, an American Workingman

Words and structures a reader meets early in Letters to Judd, an American Workingman, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of Letters to Judd, an American Workingman, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
One of the 0 chapters of Letters to Judd, an American Workingman, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 3
One of the 0 chapters of Letters to Judd, an American Workingman, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.