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Letters to Judd, an American Workingman
Letters to Judd, an American Workingman

Chapter XX

Chapter 20 of Letters to Judd, an American Workingman is here in full — 186 sentences across 38 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Letters to Judd, an American Workingman
Context Illustration Reading 1/37 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
MY DEAR JUDD: We have come to the end of our task.
I have tried to show you what is going on in our country, and the job you have to do.
We are moving towards a new American revolution.
That does not mean riot and tumult, as our enemies try to represent; but neither does it mean slavish submission to every repression of government.
There is the best American precedent for resistance to tyranny, and those good ladies who call themselves “Daughters of the American Revolution” would be shocked speechless if I were to quote to them the authentic words of Sam Adams and Patrick Henry and George Washington and Thomas Jefferson on the right of the people to overthrow unjust governments.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Letters to Judd, an American Workingman

Chapter XX

Chapter 20 of Letters to Judd, an American Workingman is here in full — 186 sentences across 38 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/37 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
MY DEAR JUDD: We have come to the end of our task.
Line 2
I have tried to show you what is going on in our country, and the job you have to do.
/aɪ hæv traɪd tuː ʃoʊ juː wʌt ɪz ˈɡoʊɪŋ ɑːn ɪn ˈaʊər ˈkʌntri ənd ðə dʒɑːb juː hæv tuː duː/
Line 3
We are moving towards a new American revolution.
/wiː ɑːr ˈmuːvɪŋ təˈwɔːrdz ə nuː əˈmerəkən ˌrevəˈluːʃən/
Line 4
That does not mean riot and tumult, as our enemies try to represent; but neither does it mean slavish submission to every repression of government.
/ðæt dʌz nɑːt miːn ˈraɪət ənd ˈtuːməlt æz ˈaʊər ˈenəmiz traɪ tuː ˌreprɪˈzent bʌt ˈniːðər dʌz ɪt miːn ˈsleɪvɪʃ səbˈmɪʃən tuː ˈevəri riˈpreʃən ʌv ˈɡʌvərmənt/
Line 5
There is the best American precedent for resistance to tyranny, and those good ladies who call themselves “Daughters of the American Revolution” would be shocked speechless if I were to quote to them the authentic words of Sam Adams and Patrick Henry and George Washington and Thomas Jefferson on the right of the people to overthrow unjust governments.
/ðer ɪz ðə best əˈmerəkən ˈpresɪdənt fɔːr rɪˈzɪstəns tuː ˈtɪrəni ənd ðoʊz ɡʊd ˈleɪdiz huː kɔːl ðemˈselvz ˈdɔːtərz ʌv ðə əˈmerəkən ˌrevəˈluːʃən wʊd biː ʃɑːkt ˈspiːtʃləs ɪf aɪ wɜːr tuː kwoʊt tuː ðem ðə əˈθentɪk wɜːrdz ʌv sæm ˈædəmz ənd ˈpætrɪk ˈhenri ənd dʒɔːrdʒ ˈwɑːʃɪŋtən ənd ˈtɑːməs ˈdʒefərsən ɑːn ðə raɪt ʌv ðə ˈpiːpəl tuː ˈoʊvərθroʊ ənˈdʒʌst ˈɡʌvərmənts/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

authentic adjective US /əˈθentɪk/

conforming to fact and therefore worthy of belief

From this reading “There is the best American precedent for resistance to tyranny, and those good ladies who call themselves “Daughters of the American Revolution” would be shocked speechless if I were to quote to them the authentic words of Sam Adams and Patrick Henry and George Washington and Thomas Jefferson on the right of the people to overthrow unjust governments.”

governments noun US /ˈɡʌvərmənts/

plural of “government” — the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

From this reading “There is the best American precedent for resistance to tyranny, and those good ladies who call themselves “Daughters of the American Revolution” would be shocked speechless if I were to quote to them the authentic words of Sam Adams and Patrick Henry and George Washington and Thomas Jefferson on the right of the people to overthrow unjust governments.”

Jefferson noun US /ˈdʒefərsən/

3rd President of the United States; chief drafter of the Declaration of Independence; made the Louisiana Purchase in 1803 and sent out the Lewis and Clark Expedition to explore it (1743-1826)

From this reading “There is the best American precedent for resistance to tyranny, and those good ladies who call themselves “Daughters of the American Revolution” would be shocked speechless if I were to quote to them the authentic words of Sam Adams and Patrick Henry and George Washington and Thomas Jefferson on the right of the people to overthrow unjust governments.”

overthrow noun US /ˈoʊvərθroʊ/

the termination of a ruler or institution (especially by force)

From this reading “There is the best American precedent for resistance to tyranny, and those good ladies who call themselves “Daughters of the American Revolution” would be shocked speechless if I were to quote to them the authentic words of Sam Adams and Patrick Henry and George Washington and Thomas Jefferson on the right of the people to overthrow unjust governments.”

precedent noun US /ˈpresɪdənt/

an example that is used to justify similar occurrences at a later time

From this reading “There is the best American precedent for resistance to tyranny, and those good ladies who call themselves “Daughters of the American Revolution” would be shocked speechless if I were to quote to them the authentic words of Sam Adams and Patrick Henry and George Washington and Thomas Jefferson on the right of the people to overthrow unjust governments.”

repression noun US /riˈpreʃən/

a state of forcible subjugation

From this reading “That does not mean riot and tumult, as our enemies try to represent; but neither does it mean slavish submission to every repression of government.”

riot noun US /ˈraɪət/

a public act of violence by an unruly mob

From this reading “That does not mean riot and tumult, as our enemies try to represent; but neither does it mean slavish submission to every repression of government.”

slavish adjective US /ˈsleɪvɪʃ/

blindly imitative

From this reading “That does not mean riot and tumult, as our enemies try to represent; but neither does it mean slavish submission to every repression of government.”

All words in this reading · 86

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading We are moving towards a new American revolution.

AdamsnounUS /ˈædəmz/

American Revolutionary leader and patriot; an organizer of the Boston Tea Party and signer of the Declaration of Independence (1722-1803)

From this reading There is the best American precedent for resistance to tyranny, and those good ladies who call themselves “Daughters of the American Revolution” would be shocked speechless if I were to quote to them the authentic words of Sam Adams and Patrick Henry and George Washington and Thomas Jefferson on the right of the people to overthrow unjust governments.

AmericannounUS /əˈmerəkən/

a native or inhabitant of the United States

From this reading We are moving towards a new American revolution.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading I have tried to show you what is going on in our country, and the job you have to do.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading We are moving towards a new American revolution.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading That does not mean riot and tumult, as our enemies try to represent; but neither does it mean slavish submission to every repression of government.

authenticadjectiveUS /əˈθentɪk/

conforming to fact and therefore worthy of belief

From this reading There is the best American precedent for resistance to tyranny, and those good ladies who call themselves “Daughters of the American Revolution” would be shocked speechless if I were to quote to them the authentic words of Sam Adams and Patrick Henry and George Washington and Thomas Jefferson on the right of the people to overthrow unjust governments.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading There is the best American precedent for resistance to tyranny, and those good ladies who call themselves “Daughters of the American Revolution” would be shocked speechless if I were to quote to them the authentic words of Sam Adams and Patrick Henry and George Washington and Thomas Jefferson on the right of the people to overthrow unjust governments.

bestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading There is the best American precedent for resistance to tyranny, and those good ladies who call themselves “Daughters of the American Revolution” would be shocked speechless if I were to quote to them the authentic words of Sam Adams and Patrick Henry and George Washington and Thomas Jefferson on the right of the people to overthrow unjust governments.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading That does not mean riot and tumult, as our enemies try to represent; but neither does it mean slavish submission to every repression of government.

callverbUS /kɔːl/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading There is the best American precedent for resistance to tyranny, and those good ladies who call themselves “Daughters of the American Revolution” would be shocked speechless if I were to quote to them the authentic words of Sam Adams and Patrick Henry and George Washington and Thomas Jefferson on the right of the people to overthrow unjust governments.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We have come to the end of our task.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading I have tried to show you what is going on in our country, and the job you have to do.

DaughtersnounUS /ˈdɔːtərz/

plural of “daughter” — a female human offspring

From this reading There is the best American precedent for resistance to tyranny, and those good ladies who call themselves “Daughters of the American Revolution” would be shocked speechless if I were to quote to them the authentic words of Sam Adams and Patrick Henry and George Washington and Thomas Jefferson on the right of the people to overthrow unjust governments.

DEARadjectiveUS /dɪr/

dearly loved

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We have come to the end of our task.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading I have tried to show you what is going on in our country, and the job you have to do.

doesauxiliary verbUS /dʌz/

the form of “do” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading That does not mean riot and tumult, as our enemies try to represent; but neither does it mean slavish submission to every repression of government.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We have come to the end of our task.

enemiesnounUS /ˈenəmiz/

plural of “enemy” — an opposing military force

From this reading That does not mean riot and tumult, as our enemies try to represent; but neither does it mean slavish submission to every repression of government.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading That does not mean riot and tumult, as our enemies try to represent; but neither does it mean slavish submission to every repression of government.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading There is the best American precedent for resistance to tyranny, and those good ladies who call themselves “Daughters of the American Revolution” would be shocked speechless if I were to quote to them the authentic words of Sam Adams and Patrick Henry and George Washington and Thomas Jefferson on the right of the people to overthrow unjust governments.

GeorgenounUS /dʒɔːrdʒ/

Christian martyr; patron saint of England; hero of the legend of Saint George and the Dragon in which he slew a dragon and saved a princess (?-303)

From this reading There is the best American precedent for resistance to tyranny, and those good ladies who call themselves “Daughters of the American Revolution” would be shocked speechless if I were to quote to them the authentic words of Sam Adams and Patrick Henry and George Washington and Thomas Jefferson on the right of the people to overthrow unjust governments.

goingnounUS /ˈɡoʊɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading I have tried to show you what is going on in our country, and the job you have to do.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading There is the best American precedent for resistance to tyranny, and those good ladies who call themselves “Daughters of the American Revolution” would be shocked speechless if I were to quote to them the authentic words of Sam Adams and Patrick Henry and George Washington and Thomas Jefferson on the right of the people to overthrow unjust governments.

governmentnounUS /ˈɡʌvərmənt/

the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

From this reading That does not mean riot and tumult, as our enemies try to represent; but neither does it mean slavish submission to every repression of government.

governmentsnounUS /ˈɡʌvərmənts/

plural of “government” — the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

From this reading There is the best American precedent for resistance to tyranny, and those good ladies who call themselves “Daughters of the American Revolution” would be shocked speechless if I were to quote to them the authentic words of Sam Adams and Patrick Henry and George Washington and Thomas Jefferson on the right of the people to overthrow unjust governments.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We have come to the end of our task.

HenrynounUS /ˈhenri/

a unit of inductance in which an induced electromotive force of one volt is produced when the current is varied at the rate of one ampere per second

From this reading There is the best American precedent for resistance to tyranny, and those good ladies who call themselves “Daughters of the American Revolution” would be shocked speechless if I were to quote to them the authentic words of Sam Adams and Patrick Henry and George Washington and Thomas Jefferson on the right of the people to overthrow unjust governments.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I have tried to show you what is going on in our country, and the job you have to do.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading There is the best American precedent for resistance to tyranny, and those good ladies who call themselves “Daughters of the American Revolution” would be shocked speechless if I were to quote to them the authentic words of Sam Adams and Patrick Henry and George Washington and Thomas Jefferson on the right of the people to overthrow unjust governments.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading I have tried to show you what is going on in our country, and the job you have to do.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading I have tried to show you what is going on in our country, and the job you have to do.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading That does not mean riot and tumult, as our enemies try to represent; but neither does it mean slavish submission to every repression of government.

JeffersonnounUS /ˈdʒefərsən/

3rd President of the United States; chief drafter of the Declaration of Independence; made the Louisiana Purchase in 1803 and sent out the Lewis and Clark Expedition to explore it (1743-1826)

From this reading There is the best American precedent for resistance to tyranny, and those good ladies who call themselves “Daughters of the American Revolution” would be shocked speechless if I were to quote to them the authentic words of Sam Adams and Patrick Henry and George Washington and Thomas Jefferson on the right of the people to overthrow unjust governments.

jobnounUS /dʒɑːb/

the principal activity in your life that you do to earn money

From this reading I have tried to show you what is going on in our country, and the job you have to do.

JUDD

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We have come to the end of our task.

ladiesnounUS /ˈleɪdiz/

plural of “lady” — a polite name for any woman

From this reading There is the best American precedent for resistance to tyranny, and those good ladies who call themselves “Daughters of the American Revolution” would be shocked speechless if I were to quote to them the authentic words of Sam Adams and Patrick Henry and George Washington and Thomas Jefferson on the right of the people to overthrow unjust governments.

meanverbUS /miːn/

mean or intend to express or convey

From this reading That does not mean riot and tumult, as our enemies try to represent; but neither does it mean slavish submission to every repression of government.

movingadjectiveUS /ˈmuːvɪŋ/

in motion

From this reading We are moving towards a new American revolution.

MYdeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We have come to the end of our task.

neitherdeterminerUS /ˈniːðər/

not one and not the other of two

From this reading That does not mean riot and tumult, as our enemies try to represent; but neither does it mean slavish submission to every repression of government.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading We are moving towards a new American revolution.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading That does not mean riot and tumult, as our enemies try to represent; but neither does it mean slavish submission to every repression of government.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We have come to the end of our task.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading I have tried to show you what is going on in our country, and the job you have to do.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We have come to the end of our task.

overthrownounUS /ˈoʊvərθroʊ/

the termination of a ruler or institution (especially by force)

From this reading There is the best American precedent for resistance to tyranny, and those good ladies who call themselves “Daughters of the American Revolution” would be shocked speechless if I were to quote to them the authentic words of Sam Adams and Patrick Henry and George Washington and Thomas Jefferson on the right of the people to overthrow unjust governments.

PatricknounUS /ˈpætrɪk/

Apostle and patron saint of Ireland; an English missionary to Ireland in the 5th century

From this reading There is the best American precedent for resistance to tyranny, and those good ladies who call themselves “Daughters of the American Revolution” would be shocked speechless if I were to quote to them the authentic words of Sam Adams and Patrick Henry and George Washington and Thomas Jefferson on the right of the people to overthrow unjust governments.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading There is the best American precedent for resistance to tyranny, and those good ladies who call themselves “Daughters of the American Revolution” would be shocked speechless if I were to quote to them the authentic words of Sam Adams and Patrick Henry and George Washington and Thomas Jefferson on the right of the people to overthrow unjust governments.

precedentnounUS /ˈpresɪdənt/

an example that is used to justify similar occurrences at a later time

From this reading There is the best American precedent for resistance to tyranny, and those good ladies who call themselves “Daughters of the American Revolution” would be shocked speechless if I were to quote to them the authentic words of Sam Adams and Patrick Henry and George Washington and Thomas Jefferson on the right of the people to overthrow unjust governments.

quoteverbUS /kwoʊt/

repeat a passage from

From this reading There is the best American precedent for resistance to tyranny, and those good ladies who call themselves “Daughters of the American Revolution” would be shocked speechless if I were to quote to them the authentic words of Sam Adams and Patrick Henry and George Washington and Thomas Jefferson on the right of the people to overthrow unjust governments.

representverbUS /ˌreprɪˈzent/

take the place of or be parallel or equivalent to

From this reading That does not mean riot and tumult, as our enemies try to represent; but neither does it mean slavish submission to every repression of government.

repressionnounUS /riˈpreʃən/

a state of forcible subjugation

From this reading That does not mean riot and tumult, as our enemies try to represent; but neither does it mean slavish submission to every repression of government.

resistancenounUS /rɪˈzɪstəns/

the action of opposing something that you disapprove or disagree with

From this reading There is the best American precedent for resistance to tyranny, and those good ladies who call themselves “Daughters of the American Revolution” would be shocked speechless if I were to quote to them the authentic words of Sam Adams and Patrick Henry and George Washington and Thomas Jefferson on the right of the people to overthrow unjust governments.

revolutionnounUS /ˌrevəˈluːʃən/

a drastic and far-reaching change in ways of thinking and behaving

From this reading We are moving towards a new American revolution.

rightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading There is the best American precedent for resistance to tyranny, and those good ladies who call themselves “Daughters of the American Revolution” would be shocked speechless if I were to quote to them the authentic words of Sam Adams and Patrick Henry and George Washington and Thomas Jefferson on the right of the people to overthrow unjust governments.

riotnounUS /ˈraɪət/

a public act of violence by an unruly mob

From this reading That does not mean riot and tumult, as our enemies try to represent; but neither does it mean slavish submission to every repression of government.

SamnounUS /sæm/

a guided missile fired from land or shipboard against an airborne target

From this reading There is the best American precedent for resistance to tyranny, and those good ladies who call themselves “Daughters of the American Revolution” would be shocked speechless if I were to quote to them the authentic words of Sam Adams and Patrick Henry and George Washington and Thomas Jefferson on the right of the people to overthrow unjust governments.

shockedadjectiveUS /ʃɑːkt/

struck with fear, dread, or consternation

From this reading There is the best American precedent for resistance to tyranny, and those good ladies who call themselves “Daughters of the American Revolution” would be shocked speechless if I were to quote to them the authentic words of Sam Adams and Patrick Henry and George Washington and Thomas Jefferson on the right of the people to overthrow unjust governments.

showverbUS /ʃoʊ/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading I have tried to show you what is going on in our country, and the job you have to do.

slavishadjectiveUS /ˈsleɪvɪʃ/

blindly imitative

From this reading That does not mean riot and tumult, as our enemies try to represent; but neither does it mean slavish submission to every repression of government.

speechlessadjectiveUS /ˈspiːtʃləs/

temporarily incapable of speaking

From this reading There is the best American precedent for resistance to tyranny, and those good ladies who call themselves “Daughters of the American Revolution” would be shocked speechless if I were to quote to them the authentic words of Sam Adams and Patrick Henry and George Washington and Thomas Jefferson on the right of the people to overthrow unjust governments.

submissionnounUS /səbˈmɪʃən/

something (manuscripts or architectural plans and models or estimates or works of art of all genres etc.) submitted for the judgment of others (as in a competition)

From this reading That does not mean riot and tumult, as our enemies try to represent; but neither does it mean slavish submission to every repression of government.

tasknounUS /tæsk/

any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We have come to the end of our task.

ThatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading That does not mean riot and tumult, as our enemies try to represent; but neither does it mean slavish submission to every repression of government.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We have come to the end of our task.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading There is the best American precedent for resistance to tyranny, and those good ladies who call themselves “Daughters of the American Revolution” would be shocked speechless if I were to quote to them the authentic words of Sam Adams and Patrick Henry and George Washington and Thomas Jefferson on the right of the people to overthrow unjust governments.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading There is the best American precedent for resistance to tyranny, and those good ladies who call themselves “Daughters of the American Revolution” would be shocked speechless if I were to quote to them the authentic words of Sam Adams and Patrick Henry and George Washington and Thomas Jefferson on the right of the people to overthrow unjust governments.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There is the best American precedent for resistance to tyranny, and those good ladies who call themselves “Daughters of the American Revolution” would be shocked speechless if I were to quote to them the authentic words of Sam Adams and Patrick Henry and George Washington and Thomas Jefferson on the right of the people to overthrow unjust governments.

ThomasnounUS /ˈtɑːməs/

United States clockmaker who introduced mass production (1785-1859)

From this reading There is the best American precedent for resistance to tyranny, and those good ladies who call themselves “Daughters of the American Revolution” would be shocked speechless if I were to quote to them the authentic words of Sam Adams and Patrick Henry and George Washington and Thomas Jefferson on the right of the people to overthrow unjust governments.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading There is the best American precedent for resistance to tyranny, and those good ladies who call themselves “Daughters of the American Revolution” would be shocked speechless if I were to quote to them the authentic words of Sam Adams and Patrick Henry and George Washington and Thomas Jefferson on the right of the people to overthrow unjust governments.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We have come to the end of our task.

towardsprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrdz/

in the direction of

From this reading We are moving towards a new American revolution.

triedadjectiveUS /traɪd/

tested and proved useful or correct

From this reading I have tried to show you what is going on in our country, and the job you have to do.

tryverbUS /traɪ/

make an effort or attempt

From this reading That does not mean riot and tumult, as our enemies try to represent; but neither does it mean slavish submission to every repression of government.

tumultnounUS /ˈtuːməlt/

a state of commotion and noise and confusion

From this reading That does not mean riot and tumult, as our enemies try to represent; but neither does it mean slavish submission to every repression of government.

tyrannynounUS /ˈtɪrəni/

a form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)

From this reading There is the best American precedent for resistance to tyranny, and those good ladies who call themselves “Daughters of the American Revolution” would be shocked speechless if I were to quote to them the authentic words of Sam Adams and Patrick Henry and George Washington and Thomas Jefferson on the right of the people to overthrow unjust governments.

unjustadjectiveUS /ənˈdʒʌst/

not fair; marked by injustice or partiality or deception

From this reading There is the best American precedent for resistance to tyranny, and those good ladies who call themselves “Daughters of the American Revolution” would be shocked speechless if I were to quote to them the authentic words of Sam Adams and Patrick Henry and George Washington and Thomas Jefferson on the right of the people to overthrow unjust governments.

WashingtonnounUS /ˈwɑːʃɪŋtən/

the capital of the United States in the District of Columbia and a tourist mecca; George Washington commissioned Charles L'Enfant to lay out the city in 1791

From this reading There is the best American precedent for resistance to tyranny, and those good ladies who call themselves “Daughters of the American Revolution” would be shocked speechless if I were to quote to them the authentic words of Sam Adams and Patrick Henry and George Washington and Thomas Jefferson on the right of the people to overthrow unjust governments.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading MY DEAR JUDD: We have come to the end of our task.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading There is the best American precedent for resistance to tyranny, and those good ladies who call themselves “Daughters of the American Revolution” would be shocked speechless if I were to quote to them the authentic words of Sam Adams and Patrick Henry and George Washington and Thomas Jefferson on the right of the people to overthrow unjust governments.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading I have tried to show you what is going on in our country, and the job you have to do.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading There is the best American precedent for resistance to tyranny, and those good ladies who call themselves “Daughters of the American Revolution” would be shocked speechless if I were to quote to them the authentic words of Sam Adams and Patrick Henry and George Washington and Thomas Jefferson on the right of the people to overthrow unjust governments.

wordsnounUS /wɜːrdz/

the words that are spoken

From this reading There is the best American precedent for resistance to tyranny, and those good ladies who call themselves “Daughters of the American Revolution” would be shocked speechless if I were to quote to them the authentic words of Sam Adams and Patrick Henry and George Washington and Thomas Jefferson on the right of the people to overthrow unjust governments.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading There is the best American precedent for resistance to tyranny, and those good ladies who call themselves “Daughters of the American Revolution” would be shocked speechless if I were to quote to them the authentic words of Sam Adams and Patrick Henry and George Washington and Thomas Jefferson on the right of the people to overthrow unjust governments.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading I have tried to show you what is going on in our country, and the job you have to do.

Chapter 20 of Letters to Judd, an American Workingman by Upton Sinclair holds 186 sentences, grouped into 38 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of Letters to Judd, an American Workingman contain?

Chapter 20 holds 186 sentences of Letters to Judd, an American Workingman, unabridged, divided into 38 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of Letters to Judd, an American Workingman by Upton Sinclair exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 186 sentences, grouped into 38 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of Letters to Judd, an American Workingman?

Work through the 38 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 38 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Letters to Judd, an American Workingman

Common questions about reading Letters to Judd, an American Workingman by Upton Sinclair on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Letters to Judd, an American Workingman?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Letters to Judd, an American Workingman is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Letters to Judd, an American Workingman take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Letters to Judd, an American Workingman section by section

How to work through Letters to Judd, an American Workingman section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 0 chapters of Letters to Judd, an American Workingman to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Letters to Judd, an American Workingman

Words and structures a reader meets early in Letters to Judd, an American Workingman, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of Letters to Judd, an American Workingman, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
One of the 0 chapters of Letters to Judd, an American Workingman, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 3
One of the 0 chapters of Letters to Judd, an American Workingman, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.