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Life And Letters Of John Gay (1685-1732)
Life And Letters Of John Gay (1685-1732)

Chapter XIII · Chapter 13

Chapter 13 of Life And Letters Of John Gay (1685-1732) is here in full — 700 sentences across 140 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Life And Letters Of John Gay (1685-1732)
Context Illustration Reading 1/140 · 5 lines
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DEATH As time passed Gay became less satisfied with his condition.
It may have been that his health became worse; or it may be that, like to many men who are idle and make no effort to work, he became annoyed at the _ennui_ which is so often the result of an unoccupied life.
Anyhow, in his letters there crept in a note of irritability, which has not previously been sounded.
JOHN GAY TO DEAN SWIFT.
March 13th, 1732.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Life And Letters Of John Gay (1685-1732)

Chapter XIII · Chapter 13

Chapter 13 of Life And Letters Of John Gay (1685-1732) is here in full — 700 sentences across 140 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/140 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
DEATH As time passed Gay became less satisfied with his condition.
/deθ æz taɪm pæst ɡeɪ bɪˈkeɪm les ˈsætəsfaɪd wɪð hɪz kənˈdɪʃən/
Line 2
It may have been that his health became worse; or it may be that, like to many men who are idle and make no effort to work, he became annoyed at the _ennui_ which is so often the result of an unoccupied life.
/ɪt meɪ hæv bɪn ðæt hɪz helθ bɪˈkeɪm wɜːrs ɔːr ɪt meɪ biː ðæt laɪk tuː ˈmeni men huː ɑːr ˈaɪdəl ənd meɪk noʊ ˈefərt tuː wɜːrk hiː bɪˈkeɪm əˈnɔɪd æt ðə eˈnuːi wɪtʃ ɪz soʊ ˈɔːfən ðə rɪˈzʌlt ʌv æn əˈnɑːkjəpaɪd laɪf/
Line 3
Anyhow, in his letters there crept in a note of irritability, which has not previously been sounded.
/ˈenihaʊ ɪn hɪz ˈletərz ðer krept ɪn ə noʊt ʌv ˌɪrɪtəˈbɪləti wɪtʃ hæz nɑːt ˈpriːviəsli bɪn ˈsaʊndɪd/
Line 4
JOHN GAY TO DEAN SWIFT.
/dʒɑːn ɡeɪ tuː diːn swɪft/
Line 5
March 13th, 1732.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

annoyed adjective US /əˈnɔɪd/

aroused to impatience or anger

From this reading “It may have been that his health became worse; or it may be that, like to many men who are idle and make no effort to work, he became annoyed at the _ennui_ which is so often the result of an unoccupied life.”

Anyhow adverb US /ˈenihaʊ/

used to indicate that a statement explains or supports a previous statement

From this reading “Anyhow, in his letters there crept in a note of irritability, which has not previously been sounded.”

crept verb US /krept/

inflected form of “creep” — move slowly; in the case of people or animals with the body near the ground

From this reading “Anyhow, in his letters there crept in a note of irritability, which has not previously been sounded.”

dean noun US /diːn/

an administrator in charge of a division of a university or college

From this reading “JOHN GAY TO DEAN SWIFT.”

ennui noun US /eˈnuːi/

the feeling of being bored by something tedious

irritability noun US /ˌɪrɪtəˈbɪləti/

an irritable petulant feeling

From this reading “Anyhow, in his letters there crept in a note of irritability, which has not previously been sounded.”

previously adverb US /ˈpriːviəsli/

at an earlier time or formerly

From this reading “Anyhow, in his letters there crept in a note of irritability, which has not previously been sounded.”

unoccupied adjective US /əˈnɑːkjəpaɪd/

not held or filled or in use

From this reading “It may have been that his health became worse; or it may be that, like to many men who are idle and make no effort to work, he became annoyed at the _ennui_ which is so often the result of an unoccupied life.”

All words in this reading · 64

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

13th

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading March 13th, 1732.

1732

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading March 13th, 1732.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Anyhow, in his letters there crept in a note of irritability, which has not previously been sounded.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading It may have been that his health became worse; or it may be that, like to many men who are idle and make no effort to work, he became annoyed at the _ennui_ which is so often the result of an unoccupied life.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It may have been that his health became worse; or it may be that, like to many men who are idle and make no effort to work, he became annoyed at the _ennui_ which is so often the result of an unoccupied life.

annoyedadjectiveUS /əˈnɔɪd/

aroused to impatience or anger

From this reading It may have been that his health became worse; or it may be that, like to many men who are idle and make no effort to work, he became annoyed at the _ennui_ which is so often the result of an unoccupied life.

AnyhowadverbUS /ˈenihaʊ/

used to indicate that a statement explains or supports a previous statement

From this reading Anyhow, in his letters there crept in a note of irritability, which has not previously been sounded.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading It may have been that his health became worse; or it may be that, like to many men who are idle and make no effort to work, he became annoyed at the _ennui_ which is so often the result of an unoccupied life.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading DEATH As time passed Gay became less satisfied with his condition.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading It may have been that his health became worse; or it may be that, like to many men who are idle and make no effort to work, he became annoyed at the _ennui_ which is so often the result of an unoccupied life.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading It may have been that his health became worse; or it may be that, like to many men who are idle and make no effort to work, he became annoyed at the _ennui_ which is so often the result of an unoccupied life.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading DEATH As time passed Gay became less satisfied with his condition.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading It may have been that his health became worse; or it may be that, like to many men who are idle and make no effort to work, he became annoyed at the _ennui_ which is so often the result of an unoccupied life.

conditionnounUS /kənˈdɪʃən/

a state at a particular time

From this reading DEATH As time passed Gay became less satisfied with his condition.

creptverbUS /krept/

inflected form of “creep” — move slowly; in the case of people or animals with the body near the ground

From this reading Anyhow, in his letters there crept in a note of irritability, which has not previously been sounded.

DEANnounUS /diːn/

an administrator in charge of a division of a university or college

From this reading JOHN GAY TO DEAN SWIFT.

DEATHnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading DEATH As time passed Gay became less satisfied with his condition.

effortnounUS /ˈefərt/

earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something

From this reading It may have been that his health became worse; or it may be that, like to many men who are idle and make no effort to work, he became annoyed at the _ennui_ which is so often the result of an unoccupied life.

ennuinounUS /eˈnuːi/

the feeling of being bored by something tedious

From this reading It may have been that his health became worse; or it may be that, like to many men who are idle and make no effort to work, he became annoyed at the _ennui_ which is so often the result of an unoccupied life.

GayadjectiveUS /ɡeɪ/

bright and pleasant; promoting a feeling of cheer

From this reading DEATH As time passed Gay became less satisfied with his condition.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Anyhow, in his letters there crept in a note of irritability, which has not previously been sounded.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading It may have been that his health became worse; or it may be that, like to many men who are idle and make no effort to work, he became annoyed at the _ennui_ which is so often the result of an unoccupied life.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading It may have been that his health became worse; or it may be that, like to many men who are idle and make no effort to work, he became annoyed at the _ennui_ which is so often the result of an unoccupied life.

healthnounUS /helθ/

a healthy state of wellbeing free from disease

From this reading It may have been that his health became worse; or it may be that, like to many men who are idle and make no effort to work, he became annoyed at the _ennui_ which is so often the result of an unoccupied life.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading DEATH As time passed Gay became less satisfied with his condition.

idleadjectiveUS /ˈaɪdəl/

not in action or at work

From this reading It may have been that his health became worse; or it may be that, like to many men who are idle and make no effort to work, he became annoyed at the _ennui_ which is so often the result of an unoccupied life.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Anyhow, in his letters there crept in a note of irritability, which has not previously been sounded.

irritabilitynounUS /ˌɪrɪtəˈbɪləti/

an irritable petulant feeling

From this reading Anyhow, in his letters there crept in a note of irritability, which has not previously been sounded.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It may have been that his health became worse; or it may be that, like to many men who are idle and make no effort to work, he became annoyed at the _ennui_ which is so often the result of an unoccupied life.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It may have been that his health became worse; or it may be that, like to many men who are idle and make no effort to work, he became annoyed at the _ennui_ which is so often the result of an unoccupied life.

JOHNnounUS /dʒɑːn/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading JOHN GAY TO DEAN SWIFT.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading DEATH As time passed Gay became less satisfied with his condition.

lettersnounUS /ˈletərz/

the literary culture

From this reading Anyhow, in his letters there crept in a note of irritability, which has not previously been sounded.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading It may have been that his health became worse; or it may be that, like to many men who are idle and make no effort to work, he became annoyed at the _ennui_ which is so often the result of an unoccupied life.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading It may have been that his health became worse; or it may be that, like to many men who are idle and make no effort to work, he became annoyed at the _ennui_ which is so often the result of an unoccupied life.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading It may have been that his health became worse; or it may be that, like to many men who are idle and make no effort to work, he became annoyed at the _ennui_ which is so often the result of an unoccupied life.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading It may have been that his health became worse; or it may be that, like to many men who are idle and make no effort to work, he became annoyed at the _ennui_ which is so often the result of an unoccupied life.

MarchverbUS /mɑːrtʃ/

march in a procession

From this reading March 13th, 1732.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading It may have been that his health became worse; or it may be that, like to many men who are idle and make no effort to work, he became annoyed at the _ennui_ which is so often the result of an unoccupied life.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading It may have been that his health became worse; or it may be that, like to many men who are idle and make no effort to work, he became annoyed at the _ennui_ which is so often the result of an unoccupied life.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading It may have been that his health became worse; or it may be that, like to many men who are idle and make no effort to work, he became annoyed at the _ennui_ which is so often the result of an unoccupied life.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Anyhow, in his letters there crept in a note of irritability, which has not previously been sounded.

notenounUS /noʊt/

a brief written record

From this reading Anyhow, in his letters there crept in a note of irritability, which has not previously been sounded.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It may have been that his health became worse; or it may be that, like to many men who are idle and make no effort to work, he became annoyed at the _ennui_ which is so often the result of an unoccupied life.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading It may have been that his health became worse; or it may be that, like to many men who are idle and make no effort to work, he became annoyed at the _ennui_ which is so often the result of an unoccupied life.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading It may have been that his health became worse; or it may be that, like to many men who are idle and make no effort to work, he became annoyed at the _ennui_ which is so often the result of an unoccupied life.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading DEATH As time passed Gay became less satisfied with his condition.

previouslyadverbUS /ˈpriːviəsli/

at an earlier time or formerly

From this reading Anyhow, in his letters there crept in a note of irritability, which has not previously been sounded.

resultnounUS /rɪˈzʌlt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading It may have been that his health became worse; or it may be that, like to many men who are idle and make no effort to work, he became annoyed at the _ennui_ which is so often the result of an unoccupied life.

satisfiedadjectiveUS /ˈsætəsfaɪd/

filled with satisfaction

From this reading DEATH As time passed Gay became less satisfied with his condition.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading It may have been that his health became worse; or it may be that, like to many men who are idle and make no effort to work, he became annoyed at the _ennui_ which is so often the result of an unoccupied life.

soundedverbUS /ˈsaʊndɪd/

past form of “sound” — appear in a certain way

From this reading Anyhow, in his letters there crept in a note of irritability, which has not previously been sounded.

SWIFTadjectiveUS /swɪft/

moving very fast

From this reading JOHN GAY TO DEAN SWIFT.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It may have been that his health became worse; or it may be that, like to many men who are idle and make no effort to work, he became annoyed at the _ennui_ which is so often the result of an unoccupied life.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading It may have been that his health became worse; or it may be that, like to many men who are idle and make no effort to work, he became annoyed at the _ennui_ which is so often the result of an unoccupied life.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Anyhow, in his letters there crept in a note of irritability, which has not previously been sounded.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading DEATH As time passed Gay became less satisfied with his condition.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It may have been that his health became worse; or it may be that, like to many men who are idle and make no effort to work, he became annoyed at the _ennui_ which is so often the result of an unoccupied life.

unoccupiedadjectiveUS /əˈnɑːkjəpaɪd/

not held or filled or in use

From this reading It may have been that his health became worse; or it may be that, like to many men who are idle and make no effort to work, he became annoyed at the _ennui_ which is so often the result of an unoccupied life.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading It may have been that his health became worse; or it may be that, like to many men who are idle and make no effort to work, he became annoyed at the _ennui_ which is so often the result of an unoccupied life.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading It may have been that his health became worse; or it may be that, like to many men who are idle and make no effort to work, he became annoyed at the _ennui_ which is so often the result of an unoccupied life.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading DEATH As time passed Gay became less satisfied with his condition.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading It may have been that his health became worse; or it may be that, like to many men who are idle and make no effort to work, he became annoyed at the _ennui_ which is so often the result of an unoccupied life.

worseadjectiveUS /wɜːrs/

(comparative of “bad”) inferior to another in quality or condition or desirability

From this reading It may have been that his health became worse; or it may be that, like to many men who are idle and make no effort to work, he became annoyed at the _ennui_ which is so often the result of an unoccupied life.

Chapter 13 of Life And Letters Of John Gay (1685-1732) by Lewis Melville holds 700 sentences, grouped into 140 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 13 of Life And Letters Of John Gay (1685-1732) contain?

Chapter 13 holds 700 sentences of Life And Letters Of John Gay (1685-1732), unabridged, divided into 140 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 13 of Life And Letters Of John Gay (1685-1732) by Lewis Melville exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 700 sentences, grouped into 140 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 13 of Life And Letters Of John Gay (1685-1732)?

Work through the 140 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 140 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Vocabulary met early in Life And Letters Of John Gay (1685-1732)

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Chapter 1
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Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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