Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Life in Afrikanderland as Viewed by an Afrikander
Life in Afrikanderland as Viewed by an Afrikander

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of Life in Afrikanderland as Viewed by an Afrikander is here in full — 20 sentences across 4 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Life in Afrikanderland as Viewed by an Afrikander
Context Illustration Reading 1/4 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE RISING GENERATION When Steve’s cousin left for the Transvaal a sort of correspondence was kept up between them.
Steve took advantage of this to write to his cousin and ask him to look for a situation for him.
At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.
Hence the abuse the Government has had to suffer on account of employing so many of their Hollander brothers.
These disabilities on the part of born Transvaalers are gradually disappearing through the fostering care of Government.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Life in Afrikanderland as Viewed by an Afrikander

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of Life in Afrikanderland as Viewed by an Afrikander is here in full — 20 sentences across 4 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/4 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE RISING GENERATION When Steve’s cousin left for the Transvaal a sort of correspondence was kept up between them.
Line 2
Steve took advantage of this to write to his cousin and ask him to look for a situation for him.
Line 3
At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.
Line 4
Hence the abuse the Government has had to suffer on account of employing so many of their Hollander brothers.
/hens ðə əˈbjuːs ðə ˈɡʌvərmənt hæz hæd tuː ˈsʌfər ɑːn əˈkaʊnt ʌv emˈplɔɪɪŋ soʊ ˈmeni ʌv ðer ˈhɑːləndər ˈbrʌðərz/
Line 5
These disabilities on the part of born Transvaalers are gradually disappearing through the fostering care of Government.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

applicants noun US /ˈæplɪkənts/

plural of “applicant” — a person who requests or seeks something such as assistance or employment or admission

From this reading “At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.”

disabilities noun US /dɪsəˈbɪlətiz/

plural of “disability” — the condition of being unable to perform as a consequence of physical or mental unfitness

From this reading “These disabilities on the part of born Transvaalers are gradually disappearing through the fostering care of Government.”

employers noun US /emˈplɔɪərz/

plural of “employer” — a person or firm that employs workers

From this reading “At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.”

employing verb US /emˈplɔɪɪŋ/

-ing form of “employ” — put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose

From this reading “Hence the abuse the Government has had to suffer on account of employing so many of their Hollander brothers.”

fostering noun US /ˈfɑːstərɪŋ/

encouragement; aiding the development of something

From this reading “These disabilities on the part of born Transvaalers are gradually disappearing through the fostering care of Government.”

Hollander noun US /ˈhɑːləndər/

a native or inhabitant of Holland

From this reading “Hence the abuse the Government has had to suffer on account of employing so many of their Hollander brothers.”

Hollanders noun US /ˈhɑːləndərz/

plural of “hollander” — a native or inhabitant of Holland

From this reading “At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.”

Transvaal noun US /trænzˈvɑːl/

a province of northeastern South Africa originally inhabited by Africans who spoke Bantu; colonized by the Boers

From this reading “THE RISING GENERATION When Steve’s cousin left for the Transvaal a sort of correspondence was kept up between them.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

absolutely necessary adverb + adjective

In this reading “At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.”

civil service adjective + noun

government workers; usually hired on the basis of competitive examinations

In this reading “At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.”

RISING GENERATION adjective + noun

In this reading “THE RISING GENERATION When Steve’s cousin left for the Transvaal a sort of correspondence was kept up between them.”

private offices adjective + noun counted as “private office”

In this reading “At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.”

took advantage verb + noun counted as “take advantage”

draw advantages from

In this reading “Steve took advantage of this to write to his cousin and ask him to look for a situation for him.”

proper places adjective + noun counted as “proper place”

In this reading “At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.”

on account preposition + noun

In this reading “Hence the abuse the Government has had to suffer on account of employing so many of their Hollander brothers.”

Government service noun + noun

In this reading “At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.”

All words in this reading · 117

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE RISING GENERATION When Steve’s cousin left for the Transvaal a sort of correspondence was kept up between them.

absolutelyadverbUS /ˌæbsəˈluːtli/

completely and without qualification; used informally as intensifiers

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

abuseverbUS /əˈbjuːs/

treat badly

From this reading Hence the abuse the Government has had to suffer on account of employing so many of their Hollander brothers.

accountnounUS /əˈkaʊnt/

a record or narrative description of past events

From this reading Hence the abuse the Government has had to suffer on account of employing so many of their Hollander brothers.

advantagenounUS /ædˈvæntɪdʒ/

the quality of having a superior or more favorable position

From this reading Steve took advantage of this to write to his cousin and ask him to look for a situation for him.

Afrikanders

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Steve took advantage of this to write to his cousin and ask him to look for a situation for him.

applicantsnounUS /ˈæplɪkənts/

plural of “applicant” — a person who requests or seeks something such as assistance or employment or admission

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading These disabilities on the part of born Transvaalers are gradually disappearing through the fostering care of Government.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

askverbUS /æsk/

make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading Steve took advantage of this to write to his cousin and ask him to look for a situation for him.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading THE RISING GENERATION When Steve’s cousin left for the Transvaal a sort of correspondence was kept up between them.

bornadjectiveUS /bɔːrn/

brought into existence

From this reading These disabilities on the part of born Transvaalers are gradually disappearing through the fostering care of Government.

brothersnounUS /ˈbrʌðərz/

plural of “brother” — a male with the same parents as someone else

From this reading Hence the abuse the Government has had to suffer on account of employing so many of their Hollander brothers.

CapenounUS /keɪp/

a strip of land projecting into a body of water

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

carenounUS /ker/

the work of providing treatment for or attending to someone or something

From this reading These disabilities on the part of born Transvaalers are gradually disappearing through the fostering care of Government.

circumstancesnounUS /ˈsɜːrkəmstænsəz/

your overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you)

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

civiladjectiveUS /ˈsɪvəl/

applying to ordinary citizens as contrasted with the military

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

ColonynounUS /ˈkɑːləni/

a body of people who settle far from home but maintain ties with their homeland; inhabitants remain nationals of their home state but are not literally under the home state's system of government

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

commercialadjectiveUS /kəˈmɜːrʃəl/

connected with or engaged in or sponsored by or used in commerce or commercial enterprises

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

correspondencenounUS /ˌkɔːrəˈspɑːndəns/

communication by the exchange of letters

From this reading THE RISING GENERATION When Steve’s cousin left for the Transvaal a sort of correspondence was kept up between them.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

cousinnounUS /ˈkʌzən/

the child of your aunt or uncle

From this reading THE RISING GENERATION When Steve’s cousin left for the Transvaal a sort of correspondence was kept up between them.

differencenounUS /ˈdɪfərəns/

the quality of being unlike or dissimilar

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

difficultiesnounUS /ˈdɪfəkəltiz/

plural of “difficulty” — an effort that is inconvenient

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

disabilitiesnounUS /dɪsəˈbɪlətiz/

plural of “disability” — the condition of being unable to perform as a consequence of physical or mental unfitness

From this reading These disabilities on the part of born Transvaalers are gradually disappearing through the fostering care of Government.

disappearingnounUS /ˌdɪsəˈpɪrɪŋ/

the act of leaving secretly or without explanation

From this reading These disabilities on the part of born Transvaalers are gradually disappearing through the fostering care of Government.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

DutchadjectiveUS /dʌtʃ/

of or relating to the Netherlands or its people or culture

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

educatedadjectiveUS /ˈedʒəkeɪtɪd/

possessing an education (especially having more than average knowledge)

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

elsewhereadverbUS /ˈelswer/

in or to another place

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

employverbUS /emˈplɔɪ/

put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

employersnounUS /emˈplɔɪərz/

plural of “employer” — a person or firm that employs workers

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

employingverbUS /emˈplɔɪɪŋ/

-ing form of “employ” — put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose

From this reading Hence the abuse the Government has had to suffer on account of employing so many of their Hollander brothers.

enoughnounUS /ɪˈnʌf/

an adequate quantity; a quantity that is large enough to achieve a purpose

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

especiallyadverbUS /əˈspeʃli/

to a distinctly greater extent or degree than is common

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

existencenounUS /eɡˈzɪstəns/

the state or fact of existing

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading THE RISING GENERATION When Steve’s cousin left for the Transvaal a sort of correspondence was kept up between them.

forcenounUS /fɔːrs/

a powerful effect or influence

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

forcedadjectiveUS /fɔːrst/

produced by or subjected to forcing

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

fosteringnounUS /ˈfɑːstərɪŋ/

encouragement; aiding the development of something

From this reading These disabilities on the part of born Transvaalers are gradually disappearing through the fostering care of Government.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

GENERATIONnounUS /ˌdʒenərˈeɪʃən/

all the people living at the same time or of approximately the same age

From this reading THE RISING GENERATION When Steve’s cousin left for the Transvaal a sort of correspondence was kept up between them.

GovernmentnounUS /ˈɡʌvərmənt/

the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

graduallyadverbUS /ˈɡrædʒuːəli/

in a gradual manner

From this reading These disabilities on the part of born Transvaalers are gradually disappearing through the fostering care of Government.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Hence the abuse the Government has had to suffer on account of employing so many of their Hollander brothers.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Hence the abuse the Government has had to suffer on account of employing so many of their Hollander brothers.

HenceadverbUS /hens/

for this reason

From this reading Hence the abuse the Government has had to suffer on account of employing so many of their Hollander brothers.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Steve took advantage of this to write to his cousin and ask him to look for a situation for him.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Steve took advantage of this to write to his cousin and ask him to look for a situation for him.

HollandernounUS /ˈhɑːləndər/

a native or inhabitant of Holland

From this reading Hence the abuse the Government has had to suffer on account of employing so many of their Hollander brothers.

HollandersnounUS /ˈhɑːləndərz/

plural of “hollander” — a native or inhabitant of Holland

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

keptadjectiveUS /kept/

(especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded

From this reading THE RISING GENERATION When Steve’s cousin left for the Transvaal a sort of correspondence was kept up between them.

knowledgenounUS /ˈnɑːlədʒ/

the psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

languagenounUS /ˈlæŋɡwədʒ/

a systematic means of communicating by the use of sounds or conventional symbols

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

lawnounUS /lɔː/

the collection of rules imposed by authority

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading THE RISING GENERATION When Steve’s cousin left for the Transvaal a sort of correspondence was kept up between them.

lookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading Steve took advantage of this to write to his cousin and ask him to look for a situation for him.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Hence the abuse the Government has had to suffer on account of employing so many of their Hollander brothers.

merchantsnounUS /ˈmɜːrtʃənts/

plural of “merchant” — a businessperson engaged in retail trade

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

nativeadjectiveUS /ˈneɪtɪv/

characteristic of or existing by virtue of geographic origin

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

necessaryadjectiveUS /ˈnesəseri/

absolutely essential

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE RISING GENERATION When Steve’s cousin left for the Transvaal a sort of correspondence was kept up between them.

officesnounUS /ˈɔːfəsəz/

plural of “office” — place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

officialadjectiveUS /əˈfɪʃəl/

having official authority or sanction

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Hence the abuse the Government has had to suffer on account of employing so many of their Hollander brothers.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading These disabilities on the part of born Transvaalers are gradually disappearing through the fostering care of Government.

particularadjectiveUS /pərˈtɪkjələr/

unique or specific to a person or thing or category

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

placesnounUS /ˈpleɪsəz/

plural of “place” — a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

povertynounUS /ˈpɑːvərti/

the state of having little or no money and few or no material possessions

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

privateadjectiveUS /ˈpraɪvət/

confined to particular persons or groups or providing privacy

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

properadjectiveUS /ˈprɑːpər/

marked by suitability or rightness or appropriateness

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

RISINGadjectiveUS /ˈraɪzɪŋ/

advancing or becoming higher or greater in degree or value or status

From this reading THE RISING GENERATION When Steve’s cousin left for the Transvaal a sort of correspondence was kept up between them.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

schoolsnounUS /skuːlz/

plural of “school” — an educational institution

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

seldomadverbUS /ˈseldəm/

not often

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

servicenounUS /ˈsɜːrvəs/

work done by one person or group that benefits another

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

situationnounUS /ˌsɪtʃuːˈeɪʃən/

the general state of things; the combination of circumstances at a given time

From this reading Steve took advantage of this to write to his cousin and ask him to look for a situation for him.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

sortnounUS /sɔːrt/

a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading THE RISING GENERATION When Steve’s cousin left for the Transvaal a sort of correspondence was kept up between them.

Steve

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Steve took advantage of this to write to his cousin and ask him to look for a situation for him.

Steve's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE RISING GENERATION When Steve’s cousin left for the Transvaal a sort of correspondence was kept up between them.

struggleverbUS /ˈstrʌɡəl/

make a strenuous or labored effort

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

sufferverbUS /ˈsʌfər/

undergo or be subjected to

From this reading Hence the abuse the Government has had to suffer on account of employing so many of their Hollander brothers.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE RISING GENERATION When Steve’s cousin left for the Transvaal a sort of correspondence was kept up between them.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading THE RISING GENERATION When Steve’s cousin left for the Transvaal a sort of correspondence was kept up between them.

ThesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading These disabilities on the part of born Transvaalers are gradually disappearing through the fostering care of Government.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Steve took advantage of this to write to his cousin and ask him to look for a situation for him.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Steve took advantage of this to write to his cousin and ask him to look for a situation for him.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading Steve took advantage of this to write to his cousin and ask him to look for a situation for him.

TransvaalnounUS /trænzˈvɑːl/

a province of northeastern South Africa originally inhabited by Africans who spoke Bantu; colonized by the Boers

From this reading THE RISING GENERATION When Steve’s cousin left for the Transvaal a sort of correspondence was kept up between them.

Transvaalers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These disabilities on the part of born Transvaalers are gradually disappearing through the fostering care of Government.

troublesnounUS /ˈtrʌbəlz/

plural of “trouble” — a source of difficulty

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading THE RISING GENERATION When Steve’s cousin left for the Transvaal a sort of correspondence was kept up between them.

wantverbUS /wɑːnt/

feel or have a desire for; want strongly

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE RISING GENERATION When Steve’s cousin left for the Transvaal a sort of correspondence was kept up between them.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading THE RISING GENERATION When Steve’s cousin left for the Transvaal a sort of correspondence was kept up between them.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

writeverbUS /raɪt/

produce a literary work

From this reading Steve took advantage of this to write to his cousin and ask him to look for a situation for him.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

youthnounUS /juːθ/

a young person (especially a young man or boy)

From this reading At this time, through the force of circumstances--the want of proper schools, the struggle for existence against poverty, native troubles, and other difficulties--the youth of the Transvaal were seldom educated enough to take their proper places in the civil service of their country, or in the commercial, law, or other offices, so that the Government were forced to employ Hollanders, young educated Afrikanders from the Cape Colony and elsewhere, in the civil service; and merchants, as well as other employers, were forced to do the same, the only difference being, that for Government service a knowledge of official language--Dutch--was absolutely necessary for applicants, while private offices were not always particular, especially commercial offices.

Chapter 10 of Life in Afrikanderland as Viewed by an Afrikander by CIOS holds 20 sentences, grouped into 4 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of Life in Afrikanderland as Viewed by an Afrikander contain?

Chapter 10 holds 20 sentences of Life in Afrikanderland as Viewed by an Afrikander, unabridged, divided into 4 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of Life in Afrikanderland as Viewed by an Afrikander by CIOS exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 20 sentences, grouped into 4 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of Life in Afrikanderland as Viewed by an Afrikander?

Work through the 4 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 4 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 10 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Life in Afrikanderland as Viewed by an Afrikander

Common questions about reading Life in Afrikanderland as Viewed by an Afrikander by CIOS on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Life in Afrikanderland as Viewed by an Afrikander?

Yes. All 4702 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #58503 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Life in Afrikanderland as Viewed by an Afrikander is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #58503, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Life in Afrikanderland as Viewed by an Afrikander take to read?

About 391 minutes of reading across 941 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Life in Afrikanderland as Viewed by an Afrikander section by section

How to work through Life in Afrikanderland as Viewed by an Afrikander section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Life in Afrikanderland as Viewed by an Afrikander to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Life in Afrikanderland as Viewed by an Afrikander

Words and structures a reader meets early in Life in Afrikanderland as Viewed by an Afrikander, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Delimited
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Life in Afrikanderland as Viewed by an Afrikander; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Equal
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Life in Afrikanderland as Viewed by an Afrikander; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Signs
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Life in Afrikanderland as Viewed by an Afrikander; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Underscores
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Life in Afrikanderland as Viewed by an Afrikander; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.