Chapter VII

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading In order that he might completely mislead them and make it appear that he was beginning a general attack on Washington, he ordered Stuart and his troops to advance toward that city.

move forward, also in the metaphorical sense

From this reading In order that he might completely mislead them and make it appear that he was beginning a general attack on Washington, he ordered Stuart and his troops to advance toward that city.

in the middle of; surrounded by

From this reading In their advance, they engaged in several sharp skirmishes with the Federals, finally driving them from Fairfax Courthouse, where, amid the cheers of the inhabitants, Major Von Borcke planted the beloved Confederate flag on a little common in the center of the village.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN General Lee knew, however, that he did not have men enough to take by assault the strong fortifications around Washington, and he, therefore, planned to cross over into Maryland before the Federal army had recovered from its defeat, when its commanders were least expecting him.

give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading In order that he might completely mislead them and make it appear that he was beginning a general attack on Washington, he ordered Stuart and his troops to advance toward that city.

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN General Lee knew, however, that he did not have men enough to take by assault the strong fortifications around Washington, and he, therefore, planned to cross over into Maryland before the Federal army had recovered from its defeat, when its commanders were least expecting him.

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN General Lee knew, however, that he did not have men enough to take by assault the strong fortifications around Washington, and he, therefore, planned to cross over into Maryland before the Federal army had recovered from its defeat, when its commanders were least expecting him.

close fighting during the culmination of a military attack

From this reading THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN General Lee knew, however, that he did not have men enough to take by assault the strong fortifications around Washington, and he, therefore, planned to cross over into Maryland before the Federal army had recovered from its defeat, when its commanders were least expecting him.

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The people of this section had been under Federal control for several months and their joy at seeing Stuart and his troops was unbounded.

(military) an offensive against an enemy (using weapons)

From this reading In order that he might completely mislead them and make it appear that he was beginning a general attack on Washington, he ordered Stuart and his troops to advance toward that city.

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The people of this section had been under Federal control for several months and their joy at seeing Stuart and his troops was unbounded.

earlier than; in front of

From this reading THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN General Lee knew, however, that he did not have men enough to take by assault the strong fortifications around Washington, and he, therefore, planned to cross over into Maryland before the Federal army had recovered from its defeat, when its commanders were least expecting him.

the event consisting of the start of something

From this reading In order that he might completely mislead them and make it appear that he was beginning a general attack on Washington, he ordered Stuart and his troops to advance toward that city.

dearly loved

From this reading In their advance, they engaged in several sharp skirmishes with the Federals, finally driving them from Fairfax Courthouse, where, amid the cheers of the inhabitants, Major Von Borcke planted the beloved Confederate flag on a little common in the center of the village.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In their advance, they engaged in several sharp skirmishes with the Federals, finally driving them from Fairfax Courthouse, where, amid the cheers of the inhabitants, Major Von Borcke planted the beloved Confederate flag on a little common in the center of the village.

showing who or what does the action

From this reading THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN General Lee knew, however, that he did not have men enough to take by assault the strong fortifications around Washington, and he, therefore, planned to cross over into Maryland before the Federal army had recovered from its defeat, when its commanders were least expecting him.

a race between candidates for elective office

From this reading THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN General Lee knew, however, that he did not have men enough to take by assault the strong fortifications around Washington, and he, therefore, planned to cross over into Maryland before the Federal army had recovered from its defeat, when its commanders were least expecting him.

troops trained to fight on horseback

From this reading They flocked to the roadside to get a glimpse of the great cavalry leader.

The middle point or core of an area.

From this reading In their advance, they engaged in several sharp skirmishes with the Federals, finally driving them from Fairfax Courthouse, where, amid the cheers of the inhabitants, Major Von Borcke planted the beloved Confederate flag on a little common in the center of the village.

plural of “cheer” — a cry or shout of approval

From this reading In their advance, they engaged in several sharp skirmishes with the Federals, finally driving them from Fairfax Courthouse, where, amid the cheers of the inhabitants, Major Von Borcke planted the beloved Confederate flag on a little common in the center of the village.

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading In order that he might completely mislead them and make it appear that he was beginning a general attack on Washington, he ordered Stuart and his troops to advance toward that city.

plural of “commander” — an officer in command of a military unit

From this reading THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN General Lee knew, however, that he did not have men enough to take by assault the strong fortifications around Washington, and he, therefore, planned to cross over into Maryland before the Federal army had recovered from its defeat, when its commanders were least expecting him.

belonging to or participated in by a community as a whole; public

From this reading In their advance, they engaged in several sharp skirmishes with the Federals, finally driving them from Fairfax Courthouse, where, amid the cheers of the inhabitants, Major Von Borcke planted the beloved Confederate flag on a little common in the center of the village.

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading In order that he might completely mislead them and make it appear that he was beginning a general attack on Washington, he ordered Stuart and his troops to advance toward that city.

a supporter of the Confederate States of America

From this reading In their advance, they engaged in several sharp skirmishes with the Federals, finally driving them from Fairfax Courthouse, where, amid the cheers of the inhabitants, Major Von Borcke planted the beloved Confederate flag on a little common in the center of the village.

power to direct or determine

From this reading The people of this section had been under Federal control for several months and their joy at seeing Stuart and his troops was unbounded.

a government building that houses the offices of a county government

From this reading In their advance, they engaged in several sharp skirmishes with the Federals, finally driving them from Fairfax Courthouse, where, amid the cheers of the inhabitants, Major Von Borcke planted the beloved Confederate flag on a little common in the center of the village.

travel across or pass over

From this reading THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN General Lee knew, however, that he did not have men enough to take by assault the strong fortifications around Washington, and he, therefore, planned to cross over into Maryland before the Federal army had recovered from its defeat, when its commanders were least expecting him.

an unsuccessful ending to a struggle or contest

From this reading THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN General Lee knew, however, that he did not have men enough to take by assault the strong fortifications around Washington, and he, therefore, planned to cross over into Maryland before the Federal army had recovered from its defeat, when its commanders were least expecting him.

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN General Lee knew, however, that he did not have men enough to take by assault the strong fortifications around Washington, and he, therefore, planned to cross over into Maryland before the Federal army had recovered from its defeat, when its commanders were least expecting him.

having the power of driving or impelling

From this reading In their advance, they engaged in several sharp skirmishes with the Federals, finally driving them from Fairfax Courthouse, where, amid the cheers of the inhabitants, Major Von Borcke planted the beloved Confederate flag on a little common in the center of the village.

having ones attention or mind or energy engaged

From this reading In their advance, they engaged in several sharp skirmishes with the Federals, finally driving them from Fairfax Courthouse, where, amid the cheers of the inhabitants, Major Von Borcke planted the beloved Confederate flag on a little common in the center of the village.

an adequate quantity; a quantity that is large enough to achieve a purpose

From this reading THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN General Lee knew, however, that he did not have men enough to take by assault the strong fortifications around Washington, and he, therefore, planned to cross over into Maryland before the Federal army had recovered from its defeat, when its commanders were least expecting him.

-ing form of “expect” — regard something as probable or likely

From this reading THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN General Lee knew, however, that he did not have men enough to take by assault the strong fortifications around Washington, and he, therefore, planned to cross over into Maryland before the Federal army had recovered from its defeat, when its commanders were least expecting him.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In their advance, they engaged in several sharp skirmishes with the Federals, finally driving them from Fairfax Courthouse, where, amid the cheers of the inhabitants, Major Von Borcke planted the beloved Confederate flag on a little common in the center of the village.

national; especially in reference to the government of the United States as distinct from that of its member units

From this reading THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN General Lee knew, however, that he did not have men enough to take by assault the strong fortifications around Washington, and he, therefore, planned to cross over into Maryland before the Federal army had recovered from its defeat, when its commanders were least expecting him.

plural of “federal” — a member of the Union Army during the American Civil War

From this reading In their advance, they engaged in several sharp skirmishes with the Federals, finally driving them from Fairfax Courthouse, where, amid the cheers of the inhabitants, Major Von Borcke planted the beloved Confederate flag on a little common in the center of the village.

after an unspecified period of time or an especially long delay

From this reading In their advance, they engaged in several sharp skirmishes with the Federals, finally driving them from Fairfax Courthouse, where, amid the cheers of the inhabitants, Major Von Borcke planted the beloved Confederate flag on a little common in the center of the village.

emblem usually consisting of a rectangular piece of cloth of distinctive design

From this reading In their advance, they engaged in several sharp skirmishes with the Federals, finally driving them from Fairfax Courthouse, where, amid the cheers of the inhabitants, Major Von Borcke planted the beloved Confederate flag on a little common in the center of the village.

past form of “flock” — move as a crowd or in a group

From this reading They flocked to the roadside to get a glimpse of the great cavalry leader.

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The people of this section had been under Federal control for several months and their joy at seeing Stuart and his troops was unbounded.

plural of “fortification” — defensive structure consisting of walls or mounds built around a stronghold to strengthen it

From this reading THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN General Lee knew, however, that he did not have men enough to take by assault the strong fortifications around Washington, and he, therefore, planned to cross over into Maryland before the Federal army had recovered from its defeat, when its commanders were least expecting him.

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN General Lee knew, however, that he did not have men enough to take by assault the strong fortifications around Washington, and he, therefore, planned to cross over into Maryland before the Federal army had recovered from its defeat, when its commanders were least expecting him.

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN General Lee knew, however, that he did not have men enough to take by assault the strong fortifications around Washington, and he, therefore, planned to cross over into Maryland before the Federal army had recovered from its defeat, when its commanders were least expecting him.

come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading They flocked to the roadside to get a glimpse of the great cavalry leader.

a quick look

From this reading They flocked to the roadside to get a glimpse of the great cavalry leader.

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading They flocked to the roadside to get a glimpse of the great cavalry leader.

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN General Lee knew, however, that he did not have men enough to take by assault the strong fortifications around Washington, and he, therefore, planned to cross over into Maryland before the Federal army had recovered from its defeat, when its commanders were least expecting him.

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN General Lee knew, however, that he did not have men enough to take by assault the strong fortifications around Washington, and he, therefore, planned to cross over into Maryland before the Federal army had recovered from its defeat, when its commanders were least expecting him.

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN General Lee knew, however, that he did not have men enough to take by assault the strong fortifications around Washington, and he, therefore, planned to cross over into Maryland before the Federal army had recovered from its defeat, when its commanders were least expecting him.

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN General Lee knew, however, that he did not have men enough to take by assault the strong fortifications around Washington, and he, therefore, planned to cross over into Maryland before the Federal army had recovered from its defeat, when its commanders were least expecting him.

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading In order that he might completely mislead them and make it appear that he was beginning a general attack on Washington, he ordered Stuart and his troops to advance toward that city.

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN General Lee knew, however, that he did not have men enough to take by assault the strong fortifications around Washington, and he, therefore, planned to cross over into Maryland before the Federal army had recovered from its defeat, when its commanders were least expecting him.

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In order that he might completely mislead them and make it appear that he was beginning a general attack on Washington, he ordered Stuart and his troops to advance toward that city.

plural of “inhabitant” — a person who inhabits a particular place

From this reading In their advance, they engaged in several sharp skirmishes with the Federals, finally driving them from Fairfax Courthouse, where, amid the cheers of the inhabitants, Major Von Borcke planted the beloved Confederate flag on a little common in the center of the village.

moving to the inside of something

From this reading THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN General Lee knew, however, that he did not have men enough to take by assault the strong fortifications around Washington, and he, therefore, planned to cross over into Maryland before the Federal army had recovered from its defeat, when its commanders were least expecting him.

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading In order that he might completely mislead them and make it appear that he was beginning a general attack on Washington, he ordered Stuart and his troops to advance toward that city.

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN General Lee knew, however, that he did not have men enough to take by assault the strong fortifications around Washington, and he, therefore, planned to cross over into Maryland before the Federal army had recovered from its defeat, when its commanders were least expecting him.

the emotion of great happiness

From this reading The people of this section had been under Federal control for several months and their joy at seeing Stuart and his troops was unbounded.

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN General Lee knew, however, that he did not have men enough to take by assault the strong fortifications around Washington, and he, therefore, planned to cross over into Maryland before the Federal army had recovered from its defeat, when its commanders were least expecting him.

a person who rules or guides or inspires others

From this reading They flocked to the roadside to get a glimpse of the great cavalry leader.

the superlative of “little” that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by “the”; a quantifier meaning smallest in amount or extent or degree

From this reading THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN General Lee knew, however, that he did not have men enough to take by assault the strong fortifications around Washington, and he, therefore, planned to cross over into Maryland before the Federal army had recovered from its defeat, when its commanders were least expecting him.

United States filmmaker whose works explore the richness of black culture in America (born in 1957)

From this reading THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN General Lee knew, however, that he did not have men enough to take by assault the strong fortifications around Washington, and he, therefore, planned to cross over into Maryland before the Federal army had recovered from its defeat, when its commanders were least expecting him.

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading In their advance, they engaged in several sharp skirmishes with the Federals, finally driving them from Fairfax Courthouse, where, amid the cheers of the inhabitants, Major Von Borcke planted the beloved Confederate flag on a little common in the center of the village.

of greater importance or stature or rank

From this reading In their advance, they engaged in several sharp skirmishes with the Federals, finally driving them from Fairfax Courthouse, where, amid the cheers of the inhabitants, Major Von Borcke planted the beloved Confederate flag on a little common in the center of the village.

engage in

From this reading In order that he might completely mislead them and make it appear that he was beginning a general attack on Washington, he ordered Stuart and his troops to advance toward that city.

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN General Lee knew, however, that he did not have men enough to take by assault the strong fortifications around Washington, and he, therefore, planned to cross over into Maryland before the Federal army had recovered from its defeat, when its commanders were least expecting him.

the force of workers available

From this reading THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN General Lee knew, however, that he did not have men enough to take by assault the strong fortifications around Washington, and he, therefore, planned to cross over into Maryland before the Federal army had recovered from its defeat, when its commanders were least expecting him.

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading In order that he might completely mislead them and make it appear that he was beginning a general attack on Washington, he ordered Stuart and his troops to advance toward that city.

lead someone in the wrong direction or give someone wrong directions

From this reading In order that he might completely mislead them and make it appear that he was beginning a general attack on Washington, he ordered Stuart and his troops to advance toward that city.

plural of “month” — one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year

From this reading The people of this section had been under Federal control for several months and their joy at seeing Stuart and his troops was unbounded.

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN General Lee knew, however, that he did not have men enough to take by assault the strong fortifications around Washington, and he, therefore, planned to cross over into Maryland before the Federal army had recovered from its defeat, when its commanders were least expecting him.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading In their advance, they engaged in several sharp skirmishes with the Federals, finally driving them from Fairfax Courthouse, where, amid the cheers of the inhabitants, Major Von Borcke planted the beloved Confederate flag on a little common in the center of the village.

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading In order that he might completely mislead them and make it appear that he was beginning a general attack on Washington, he ordered Stuart and his troops to advance toward that city.

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading In order that he might completely mislead them and make it appear that he was beginning a general attack on Washington, he ordered Stuart and his troops to advance toward that city.

having a systematic arrangement; especially having elements succeeding in order according to rule

From this reading In order that he might completely mislead them and make it appear that he was beginning a general attack on Washington, he ordered Stuart and his troops to advance toward that city.

above and across; more than

From this reading THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN General Lee knew, however, that he did not have men enough to take by assault the strong fortifications around Washington, and he, therefore, planned to cross over into Maryland before the Federal army had recovered from its defeat, when its commanders were least expecting him.

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading The people of this section had been under Federal control for several months and their joy at seeing Stuart and his troops was unbounded.

designed or carried out according to a plan

From this reading THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN General Lee knew, however, that he did not have men enough to take by assault the strong fortifications around Washington, and he, therefore, planned to cross over into Maryland before the Federal army had recovered from its defeat, when its commanders were least expecting him.

(used especially of ideas or principles) deeply rooted; firmly fixed or held

From this reading In their advance, they engaged in several sharp skirmishes with the Federals, finally driving them from Fairfax Courthouse, where, amid the cheers of the inhabitants, Major Von Borcke planted the beloved Confederate flag on a little common in the center of the village.

freed from illness or injury

From this reading THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN General Lee knew, however, that he did not have men enough to take by assault the strong fortifications around Washington, and he, therefore, planned to cross over into Maryland before the Federal army had recovered from its defeat, when its commanders were least expecting him.

edge of a way or road or path

From this reading They flocked to the roadside to get a glimpse of the great cavalry leader.

a self-contained part of a larger composition (written or musical)

From this reading The people of this section had been under Federal control for several months and their joy at seeing Stuart and his troops was unbounded.

perception by means of the eyes

From this reading The people of this section had been under Federal control for several months and their joy at seeing Stuart and his troops was unbounded.

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading In their advance, they engaged in several sharp skirmishes with the Federals, finally driving them from Fairfax Courthouse, where, amid the cheers of the inhabitants, Major Von Borcke planted the beloved Confederate flag on a little common in the center of the village.

(of something seen or heard) clearly defined

From this reading In their advance, they engaged in several sharp skirmishes with the Federals, finally driving them from Fairfax Courthouse, where, amid the cheers of the inhabitants, Major Von Borcke planted the beloved Confederate flag on a little common in the center of the village.

plural of “skirmish” — a minor short-term fight

From this reading In their advance, they engaged in several sharp skirmishes with the Federals, finally driving them from Fairfax Courthouse, where, amid the cheers of the inhabitants, Major Von Borcke planted the beloved Confederate flag on a little common in the center of the village.

having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN General Lee knew, however, that he did not have men enough to take by assault the strong fortifications around Washington, and he, therefore, planned to cross over into Maryland before the Federal army had recovered from its defeat, when its commanders were least expecting him.

United States painter best known for his portraits of George Washington (1755-1828)

From this reading In order that he might completely mislead them and make it appear that he was beginning a general attack on Washington, he ordered Stuart and his troops to advance toward that city.

carry out

From this reading THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN General Lee knew, however, that he did not have men enough to take by assault the strong fortifications around Washington, and he, therefore, planned to cross over into Maryland before the Federal army had recovered from its defeat, when its commanders were least expecting him.

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN General Lee knew, however, that he did not have men enough to take by assault the strong fortifications around Washington, and he, therefore, planned to cross over into Maryland before the Federal army had recovered from its defeat, when its commanders were least expecting him.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN General Lee knew, however, that he did not have men enough to take by assault the strong fortifications around Washington, and he, therefore, planned to cross over into Maryland before the Federal army had recovered from its defeat, when its commanders were least expecting him.

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading In their advance, they engaged in several sharp skirmishes with the Federals, finally driving them from Fairfax Courthouse, where, amid the cheers of the inhabitants, Major Von Borcke planted the beloved Confederate flag on a little common in the center of the village.

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading In order that he might completely mislead them and make it appear that he was beginning a general attack on Washington, he ordered Stuart and his troops to advance toward that city.

for that reason; as a result

From this reading THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN General Lee knew, however, that he did not have men enough to take by assault the strong fortifications around Washington, and he, therefore, planned to cross over into Maryland before the Federal army had recovered from its defeat, when its commanders were least expecting him.

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading In their advance, they engaged in several sharp skirmishes with the Federals, finally driving them from Fairfax Courthouse, where, amid the cheers of the inhabitants, Major Von Borcke planted the beloved Confederate flag on a little common in the center of the village.

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading The people of this section had been under Federal control for several months and their joy at seeing Stuart and his troops was unbounded.

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN General Lee knew, however, that he did not have men enough to take by assault the strong fortifications around Washington, and he, therefore, planned to cross over into Maryland before the Federal army had recovered from its defeat, when its commanders were least expecting him.

in the direction of

From this reading In order that he might completely mislead them and make it appear that he was beginning a general attack on Washington, he ordered Stuart and his troops to advance toward that city.

soldiers collectively

From this reading In order that he might completely mislead them and make it appear that he was beginning a general attack on Washington, he ordered Stuart and his troops to advance toward that city.

seemingly boundless in amount, number, degree, or especially extent

From this reading The people of this section had been under Federal control for several months and their joy at seeing Stuart and his troops was unbounded.

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading The people of this section had been under Federal control for several months and their joy at seeing Stuart and his troops was unbounded.

a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading In their advance, they engaged in several sharp skirmishes with the Federals, finally driving them from Fairfax Courthouse, where, amid the cheers of the inhabitants, Major Von Borcke planted the beloved Confederate flag on a little common in the center of the village.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In their advance, they engaged in several sharp skirmishes with the Federals, finally driving them from Fairfax Courthouse, where, amid the cheers of the inhabitants, Major Von Borcke planted the beloved Confederate flag on a little common in the center of the village.

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading In order that he might completely mislead them and make it appear that he was beginning a general attack on Washington, he ordered Stuart and his troops to advance toward that city.

the capital of the United States in the District of Columbia and a tourist mecca; George Washington commissioned Charles L'Enfant to lay out the city in 1791

From this reading THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN General Lee knew, however, that he did not have men enough to take by assault the strong fortifications around Washington, and he, therefore, planned to cross over into Maryland before the Federal army had recovered from its defeat, when its commanders were least expecting him.

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN General Lee knew, however, that he did not have men enough to take by assault the strong fortifications around Washington, and he, therefore, planned to cross over into Maryland before the Federal army had recovered from its defeat, when its commanders were least expecting him.

at the time that

From this reading THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN General Lee knew, however, that he did not have men enough to take by assault the strong fortifications around Washington, and he, therefore, planned to cross over into Maryland before the Federal army had recovered from its defeat, when its commanders were least expecting him.

in or at the place that

From this reading In their advance, they engaged in several sharp skirmishes with the Federals, finally driving them from Fairfax Courthouse, where, amid the cheers of the inhabitants, Major Von Borcke planted the beloved Confederate flag on a little common in the center of the village.

in the company of; together with

From this reading In their advance, they engaged in several sharp skirmishes with the Federals, finally driving them from Fairfax Courthouse, where, amid the cheers of the inhabitants, Major Von Borcke planted the beloved Confederate flag on a little common in the center of the village.