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Life of Johnson, Volume 4 1780-1784
Life of Johnson, Volume 4 1780-1784

Chapter XXIV · Chapter 24

Chapter 24 of Life of Johnson, Volume 4 1780-1784 is here in full — 407 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/81 · 5 lines
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[735] Hume said:--'The French have more real politeness, and the English the better method of expressing it.
By real politeness I mean softness of temper, and a sincere inclination to oblige and be serviceable, which is very conspicuous in this nation, not only among the high, but low; in so much that the porters and coachmen here are civil, and that, not only to gentlemen, but likewise among themselves.'
J.H. Burton's _Hume_, i.
53.
[736] This is the third time that Johnson's disgust at this practice is recorded.
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Life of Johnson, Volume 4 1780-1784

Chapter XXIV · Chapter 24

Chapter 24 of Life of Johnson, Volume 4 1780-1784 is here in full — 407 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/81 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
[735] Hume said:--'The French have more real politeness, and the English the better method of expressing it.
Line 2
By real politeness I mean softness of temper, and a sincere inclination to oblige and be serviceable, which is very conspicuous in this nation, not only among the high, but low; in so much that the porters and coachmen here are civil, and that, not only to gentlemen, but likewise among themselves.'
Line 3
J.H. Burton's _Hume_, i.
Line 4
53.
Line 5
[736] This is the third time that Johnson's disgust at this practice is recorded.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Burton's noun US /ˈbɜːrtənz/

possessive form of “burton” — English explorer who with John Speke was the first European to explore Lake Tanganyika (1821-1890)

From this reading “J.H. Burton's _Hume_, i.”

Hume noun US /hjuːm/

Scottish philosopher skeptical philosophy restricted human knowledge to that which can be perceived by the senses (1711-1776)

From this reading “[735] Hume said:--'The French have more real politeness, and the English the better method of expressing it.”

Johnson's noun US /ˈdʒɑːnsənz/

possessive form of “johnson” — English writer and lexicographer (1709-1784)

From this reading “[736] This is the third time that Johnson's disgust at this practice is recorded.”

oblige verb US /əˈblaɪdʒ/

force somebody to do something

From this reading “By real politeness I mean softness of temper, and a sincere inclination to oblige and be serviceable, which is very conspicuous in this nation, not only among the high, but low; in so much that the porters and coachmen here are civil, and that, not only to gentlemen, but likewise among themselves.'”

porters noun US /ˈpɔːrtərz/

plural of “porter” — a person employed to carry luggage and supplies

From this reading “By real politeness I mean softness of temper, and a sincere inclination to oblige and be serviceable, which is very conspicuous in this nation, not only among the high, but low; in so much that the porters and coachmen here are civil, and that, not only to gentlemen, but likewise among themselves.'”

recorded adjective US /rəˈkɔːrdɪd/

set down or registered in a permanent form especially on film or tape for reproduction

From this reading “[736] This is the third time that Johnson's disgust at this practice is recorded.”

serviceable adjective US /ˈsɜːrvəsəbəl/

ready for service or able to give long service

From this reading “By real politeness I mean softness of temper, and a sincere inclination to oblige and be serviceable, which is very conspicuous in this nation, not only among the high, but low; in so much that the porters and coachmen here are civil, and that, not only to gentlemen, but likewise among themselves.'”

softness noun US /ˈsɔːftnəs/

the property of giving little resistance to pressure and being easily cut or molded

From this reading “By real politeness I mean softness of temper, and a sincere inclination to oblige and be serviceable, which is very conspicuous in this nation, not only among the high, but low; in so much that the porters and coachmen here are civil, and that, not only to gentlemen, but likewise among themselves.'”

All words in this reading · 64

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

53

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 53.

735

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [735] Hume said:--'The French have more real politeness, and the English the better method of expressing it.

736

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [736] This is the third time that Johnson's disgust at this practice is recorded.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading By real politeness I mean softness of temper, and a sincere inclination to oblige and be serviceable, which is very conspicuous in this nation, not only among the high, but low; in so much that the porters and coachmen here are civil, and that, not only to gentlemen, but likewise among themselves.'

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading By real politeness I mean softness of temper, and a sincere inclination to oblige and be serviceable, which is very conspicuous in this nation, not only among the high, but low; in so much that the porters and coachmen here are civil, and that, not only to gentlemen, but likewise among themselves.'

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading [735] Hume said:--'The French have more real politeness, and the English the better method of expressing it.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading By real politeness I mean softness of temper, and a sincere inclination to oblige and be serviceable, which is very conspicuous in this nation, not only among the high, but low; in so much that the porters and coachmen here are civil, and that, not only to gentlemen, but likewise among themselves.'

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading [736] This is the third time that Johnson's disgust at this practice is recorded.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading By real politeness I mean softness of temper, and a sincere inclination to oblige and be serviceable, which is very conspicuous in this nation, not only among the high, but low; in so much that the porters and coachmen here are civil, and that, not only to gentlemen, but likewise among themselves.'

betteradjectiveUS /ˈbetər/

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading [735] Hume said:--'The French have more real politeness, and the English the better method of expressing it.

Burton'snounUS /ˈbɜːrtənz/

possessive form of “burton” — English explorer who with John Speke was the first European to explore Lake Tanganyika (1821-1890)

From this reading J.H. Burton's _Hume_, i.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading By real politeness I mean softness of temper, and a sincere inclination to oblige and be serviceable, which is very conspicuous in this nation, not only among the high, but low; in so much that the porters and coachmen here are civil, and that, not only to gentlemen, but likewise among themselves.'

ByprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading By real politeness I mean softness of temper, and a sincere inclination to oblige and be serviceable, which is very conspicuous in this nation, not only among the high, but low; in so much that the porters and coachmen here are civil, and that, not only to gentlemen, but likewise among themselves.'

civiladjectiveUS /ˈsɪvəl/

applying to ordinary citizens as contrasted with the military

From this reading By real politeness I mean softness of temper, and a sincere inclination to oblige and be serviceable, which is very conspicuous in this nation, not only among the high, but low; in so much that the porters and coachmen here are civil, and that, not only to gentlemen, but likewise among themselves.'

coachmen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading By real politeness I mean softness of temper, and a sincere inclination to oblige and be serviceable, which is very conspicuous in this nation, not only among the high, but low; in so much that the porters and coachmen here are civil, and that, not only to gentlemen, but likewise among themselves.'

conspicuousadjectiveUS /kənˈspɪkjuːəs/

obvious to the eye or mind

From this reading By real politeness I mean softness of temper, and a sincere inclination to oblige and be serviceable, which is very conspicuous in this nation, not only among the high, but low; in so much that the porters and coachmen here are civil, and that, not only to gentlemen, but likewise among themselves.'

disgustverbUS /dɪsˈɡʌst/

fill with distaste

From this reading [736] This is the third time that Johnson's disgust at this practice is recorded.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading [735] Hume said:--'The French have more real politeness, and the English the better method of expressing it.

expressingverbUS /ɪkˈspresɪŋ/

-ing form of “express” — give expression to

From this reading [735] Hume said:--'The French have more real politeness, and the English the better method of expressing it.

FrenchnounUS /frentʃ/

the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France

From this reading [735] Hume said:--'The French have more real politeness, and the English the better method of expressing it.

gentlemennounUS /ˈdʒentəlmɪn/

plural of “gentleman” — a man of refinement

From this reading By real politeness I mean softness of temper, and a sincere inclination to oblige and be serviceable, which is very conspicuous in this nation, not only among the high, but low; in so much that the porters and coachmen here are civil, and that, not only to gentlemen, but likewise among themselves.'

HnounUS /eɪtʃ/

a nonmetallic univalent element that is normally a colorless and odorless highly flammable diatomic gas; the simplest and lightest and most abundant element in the universe

From this reading J.H. Burton's _Hume_, i.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading [735] Hume said:--'The French have more real politeness, and the English the better method of expressing it.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading By real politeness I mean softness of temper, and a sincere inclination to oblige and be serviceable, which is very conspicuous in this nation, not only among the high, but low; in so much that the porters and coachmen here are civil, and that, not only to gentlemen, but likewise among themselves.'

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading By real politeness I mean softness of temper, and a sincere inclination to oblige and be serviceable, which is very conspicuous in this nation, not only among the high, but low; in so much that the porters and coachmen here are civil, and that, not only to gentlemen, but likewise among themselves.'

HumenounUS /hjuːm/

Scottish philosopher skeptical philosophy restricted human knowledge to that which can be perceived by the senses (1711-1776)

From this reading [735] Hume said:--'The French have more real politeness, and the English the better method of expressing it.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading By real politeness I mean softness of temper, and a sincere inclination to oblige and be serviceable, which is very conspicuous in this nation, not only among the high, but low; in so much that the porters and coachmen here are civil, and that, not only to gentlemen, but likewise among themselves.'

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading By real politeness I mean softness of temper, and a sincere inclination to oblige and be serviceable, which is very conspicuous in this nation, not only among the high, but low; in so much that the porters and coachmen here are civil, and that, not only to gentlemen, but likewise among themselves.'

inclinationnounUS /ˌɪnkləˈneɪʃən/

an attitude of mind especially one that favors one alternative over others

From this reading By real politeness I mean softness of temper, and a sincere inclination to oblige and be serviceable, which is very conspicuous in this nation, not only among the high, but low; in so much that the porters and coachmen here are civil, and that, not only to gentlemen, but likewise among themselves.'

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading By real politeness I mean softness of temper, and a sincere inclination to oblige and be serviceable, which is very conspicuous in this nation, not only among the high, but low; in so much that the porters and coachmen here are civil, and that, not only to gentlemen, but likewise among themselves.'

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading [735] Hume said:--'The French have more real politeness, and the English the better method of expressing it.

JnounUS /dʒeɪ/

a unit of electrical energy equal to the work done when a current of one ampere passes through a resistance of one ohm for one second

From this reading J.H. Burton's _Hume_, i.

Johnson'snounUS /ˈdʒɑːnsənz/

possessive form of “johnson” — English writer and lexicographer (1709-1784)

From this reading [736] This is the third time that Johnson's disgust at this practice is recorded.

likewiseadverbUS /ˈlaɪkwaɪz/

in like or similar manner

From this reading By real politeness I mean softness of temper, and a sincere inclination to oblige and be serviceable, which is very conspicuous in this nation, not only among the high, but low; in so much that the porters and coachmen here are civil, and that, not only to gentlemen, but likewise among themselves.'

lowadjectiveUS /loʊ/

less than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading By real politeness I mean softness of temper, and a sincere inclination to oblige and be serviceable, which is very conspicuous in this nation, not only among the high, but low; in so much that the porters and coachmen here are civil, and that, not only to gentlemen, but likewise among themselves.'

meanverbUS /miːn/

mean or intend to express or convey

From this reading By real politeness I mean softness of temper, and a sincere inclination to oblige and be serviceable, which is very conspicuous in this nation, not only among the high, but low; in so much that the porters and coachmen here are civil, and that, not only to gentlemen, but likewise among themselves.'

methodnounUS /ˈmeθəd/

a way of doing something, especially a systematic way; implies an orderly logical arrangement (usually in steps)

From this reading [735] Hume said:--'The French have more real politeness, and the English the better method of expressing it.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading [735] Hume said:--'The French have more real politeness, and the English the better method of expressing it.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading By real politeness I mean softness of temper, and a sincere inclination to oblige and be serviceable, which is very conspicuous in this nation, not only among the high, but low; in so much that the porters and coachmen here are civil, and that, not only to gentlemen, but likewise among themselves.'

nationnounUS /ˈneɪʃən/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading By real politeness I mean softness of temper, and a sincere inclination to oblige and be serviceable, which is very conspicuous in this nation, not only among the high, but low; in so much that the porters and coachmen here are civil, and that, not only to gentlemen, but likewise among themselves.'

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading By real politeness I mean softness of temper, and a sincere inclination to oblige and be serviceable, which is very conspicuous in this nation, not only among the high, but low; in so much that the porters and coachmen here are civil, and that, not only to gentlemen, but likewise among themselves.'

obligeverbUS /əˈblaɪdʒ/

force somebody to do something

From this reading By real politeness I mean softness of temper, and a sincere inclination to oblige and be serviceable, which is very conspicuous in this nation, not only among the high, but low; in so much that the porters and coachmen here are civil, and that, not only to gentlemen, but likewise among themselves.'

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading [735] Hume said:--'The French have more real politeness, and the English the better method of expressing it.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading By real politeness I mean softness of temper, and a sincere inclination to oblige and be serviceable, which is very conspicuous in this nation, not only among the high, but low; in so much that the porters and coachmen here are civil, and that, not only to gentlemen, but likewise among themselves.'

politenessnounUS /pəˈlaɪtnəs/

a courteous manner that respects accepted social usage

From this reading [735] Hume said:--'The French have more real politeness, and the English the better method of expressing it.

portersnounUS /ˈpɔːrtərz/

plural of “porter” — a person employed to carry luggage and supplies

From this reading By real politeness I mean softness of temper, and a sincere inclination to oblige and be serviceable, which is very conspicuous in this nation, not only among the high, but low; in so much that the porters and coachmen here are civil, and that, not only to gentlemen, but likewise among themselves.'

practicenounUS /ˈpræktəs/

a customary way of operation or behavior

From this reading [736] This is the third time that Johnson's disgust at this practice is recorded.

realadjectiveUS /riːl/

being or occurring in fact or actuality; having verified existence; not illusory

From this reading [735] Hume said:--'The French have more real politeness, and the English the better method of expressing it.

recordedadjectiveUS /rəˈkɔːrdɪd/

set down or registered in a permanent form especially on film or tape for reproduction

From this reading [736] This is the third time that Johnson's disgust at this practice is recorded.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading [735] Hume said:--'The French have more real politeness, and the English the better method of expressing it.

serviceableadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrvəsəbəl/

ready for service or able to give long service

From this reading By real politeness I mean softness of temper, and a sincere inclination to oblige and be serviceable, which is very conspicuous in this nation, not only among the high, but low; in so much that the porters and coachmen here are civil, and that, not only to gentlemen, but likewise among themselves.'

sincereadjectiveUS /sɪnˈsɪr/

open and genuine; not deceitful

From this reading By real politeness I mean softness of temper, and a sincere inclination to oblige and be serviceable, which is very conspicuous in this nation, not only among the high, but low; in so much that the porters and coachmen here are civil, and that, not only to gentlemen, but likewise among themselves.'

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading By real politeness I mean softness of temper, and a sincere inclination to oblige and be serviceable, which is very conspicuous in this nation, not only among the high, but low; in so much that the porters and coachmen here are civil, and that, not only to gentlemen, but likewise among themselves.'

softnessnounUS /ˈsɔːftnəs/

the property of giving little resistance to pressure and being easily cut or molded

From this reading By real politeness I mean softness of temper, and a sincere inclination to oblige and be serviceable, which is very conspicuous in this nation, not only among the high, but low; in so much that the porters and coachmen here are civil, and that, not only to gentlemen, but likewise among themselves.'

tempernounUS /ˈtempər/

a sudden outburst of anger

From this reading By real politeness I mean softness of temper, and a sincere inclination to oblige and be serviceable, which is very conspicuous in this nation, not only among the high, but low; in so much that the porters and coachmen here are civil, and that, not only to gentlemen, but likewise among themselves.'

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading By real politeness I mean softness of temper, and a sincere inclination to oblige and be serviceable, which is very conspicuous in this nation, not only among the high, but low; in so much that the porters and coachmen here are civil, and that, not only to gentlemen, but likewise among themselves.'

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading [735] Hume said:--'The French have more real politeness, and the English the better method of expressing it.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading By real politeness I mean softness of temper, and a sincere inclination to oblige and be serviceable, which is very conspicuous in this nation, not only among the high, but low; in so much that the porters and coachmen here are civil, and that, not only to gentlemen, but likewise among themselves.'

thirdnounUS /θɜːrd/

one of three equal parts of a divisible whole

From this reading [736] This is the third time that Johnson's disgust at this practice is recorded.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading By real politeness I mean softness of temper, and a sincere inclination to oblige and be serviceable, which is very conspicuous in this nation, not only among the high, but low; in so much that the porters and coachmen here are civil, and that, not only to gentlemen, but likewise among themselves.'

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading [736] This is the third time that Johnson's disgust at this practice is recorded.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading By real politeness I mean softness of temper, and a sincere inclination to oblige and be serviceable, which is very conspicuous in this nation, not only among the high, but low; in so much that the porters and coachmen here are civil, and that, not only to gentlemen, but likewise among themselves.'

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading By real politeness I mean softness of temper, and a sincere inclination to oblige and be serviceable, which is very conspicuous in this nation, not only among the high, but low; in so much that the porters and coachmen here are civil, and that, not only to gentlemen, but likewise among themselves.'

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading By real politeness I mean softness of temper, and a sincere inclination to oblige and be serviceable, which is very conspicuous in this nation, not only among the high, but low; in so much that the porters and coachmen here are civil, and that, not only to gentlemen, but likewise among themselves.'

Chapter 24 of Life of Johnson, Volume 4 1780-1784 by James Boswell holds 407 sentences, grouped into 82 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

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Chapter 24 holds 407 sentences of Life of Johnson, Volume 4 1780-1784, unabridged, divided into 82 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 24 of Life of Johnson, Volume 4 1780-1784 by James Boswell exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 407 sentences, grouped into 82 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

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Work through the 82 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

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Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Vocabulary met early in Life of Johnson, Volume 4 1780-1784

Words and structures a reader meets early in Life of Johnson, Volume 4 1780-1784, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

George
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Life of Johnson, Volume 4 1780-1784; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Birkbeck
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Life of Johnson, Volume 4 1780-1784; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Contents
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Life of Johnson, Volume 4 1780-1784; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Altercation
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