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Life on the Mississippi, Part 9.
Life on the Mississippi, Part 9.

Chapter XVI · Chapter 16

Chapter 16 of Life on the Mississippi, Part 9. is here in full — 119 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Life on the Mississippi, Part 9.
Context Illustration Reading 1/23 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE slaughter-house is gone from the mouth of Bear Creek and so is the small jail (or 'calaboose') which once stood in its neighborhood.
A citizen asked, 'Do you remember when Jimmy Finn, the town drunkard, was burned to death in the calaboose?'
Observe, now, how history becomes defiled, through lapse of time and the help of the bad memories of men.
Jimmy Finn was not burned in the calaboose, but died a natural death in a tan vat, of a combination of delirium tremens and spontaneous combustion.
When I say natural death, I mean it was a natural death for Jimmy Finn to die.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Life on the Mississippi, Part 9.

Chapter XVI · Chapter 16

Chapter 16 of Life on the Mississippi, Part 9. is here in full — 119 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/23 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE slaughter-house is gone from the mouth of Bear Creek and so is the small jail (or 'calaboose') which once stood in its neighborhood.
Line 2
A citizen asked, 'Do you remember when Jimmy Finn, the town drunkard, was burned to death in the calaboose?'
Line 3
Observe, now, how history becomes defiled, through lapse of time and the help of the bad memories of men.
Line 4
Jimmy Finn was not burned in the calaboose, but died a natural death in a tan vat, of a combination of delirium tremens and spontaneous combustion.
Line 5
When I say natural death, I mean it was a natural death for Jimmy Finn to die.
/wen aɪ seɪ ˈnætʃərəl deθ aɪ miːn ɪt wɑːz ə ˈnætʃərəl deθ fɔːr ˈdʒɪmi fɪn tuː daɪ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

combustion noun US /kəmˈbʌstʃən/

a process in which a substance reacts with oxygen to give heat and light

From this reading “Jimmy Finn was not burned in the calaboose, but died a natural death in a tan vat, of a combination of delirium tremens and spontaneous combustion.”

delirium noun US /dɪˈlɪriəm/

state of violent mental agitation

From this reading “Jimmy Finn was not burned in the calaboose, but died a natural death in a tan vat, of a combination of delirium tremens and spontaneous combustion.”

drunkard noun US /ˈdrʌŋkərd/

a chronic drinker

From this reading “A citizen asked, 'Do you remember when Jimmy Finn, the town drunkard, was burned to death in the calaboose?'”

Finn noun US /fɪn/

a native or inhabitant of Finland

From this reading “A citizen asked, 'Do you remember when Jimmy Finn, the town drunkard, was burned to death in the calaboose?'”

lapse verb US /læps/

pass into a specified state or condition

From this reading “Observe, now, how history becomes defiled, through lapse of time and the help of the bad memories of men.”

spontaneous adjective US /spɑːnˈteɪniəs/

happening or arising without apparent external cause

From this reading “Jimmy Finn was not burned in the calaboose, but died a natural death in a tan vat, of a combination of delirium tremens and spontaneous combustion.”

tan noun US /tæn/

a browning of the skin resulting from exposure to the rays of the sun

From this reading “Jimmy Finn was not burned in the calaboose, but died a natural death in a tan vat, of a combination of delirium tremens and spontaneous combustion.”

vat noun US /væt/

a tax levied on the difference between a commodity's price before taxes and its cost of production

From this reading “Jimmy Finn was not burned in the calaboose, but died a natural death in a tan vat, of a combination of delirium tremens and spontaneous combustion.”

All words in this reading · 66

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A citizen asked, 'Do you remember when Jimmy Finn, the town drunkard, was burned to death in the calaboose?'

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE slaughter-house is gone from the mouth of Bear Creek and so is the small jail (or 'calaboose') which once stood in its neighborhood.

askedverbUS /æskt/

past form of “ask” — make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading A citizen asked, 'Do you remember when Jimmy Finn, the town drunkard, was burned to death in the calaboose?'

badadjectiveUS /bæd/

having undesirable or negative qualities

From this reading Observe, now, how history becomes defiled, through lapse of time and the help of the bad memories of men.

BearverbUS /ber/

have

From this reading THE slaughter-house is gone from the mouth of Bear Creek and so is the small jail (or 'calaboose') which once stood in its neighborhood.

becomesverbUS /bɪˈkʌmz/

third-person singular of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading Observe, now, how history becomes defiled, through lapse of time and the help of the bad memories of men.

burnedadjectiveUS /bɜːrnd/

treated by heating to a high temperature but below the melting or fusing point

From this reading A citizen asked, 'Do you remember when Jimmy Finn, the town drunkard, was burned to death in the calaboose?'

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Jimmy Finn was not burned in the calaboose, but died a natural death in a tan vat, of a combination of delirium tremens and spontaneous combustion.

calaboose

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE slaughter-house is gone from the mouth of Bear Creek and so is the small jail (or 'calaboose') which once stood in its neighborhood.

citizennounUS /ˈsɪtəzən/

a native or naturalized member of a state or other political community

From this reading A citizen asked, 'Do you remember when Jimmy Finn, the town drunkard, was burned to death in the calaboose?'

combinationnounUS /ˌkɑːmbəˈneɪʃən/

a collection of things that have been combined; an assemblage of separate parts or qualities

From this reading Jimmy Finn was not burned in the calaboose, but died a natural death in a tan vat, of a combination of delirium tremens and spontaneous combustion.

combustionnounUS /kəmˈbʌstʃən/

a process in which a substance reacts with oxygen to give heat and light

From this reading Jimmy Finn was not burned in the calaboose, but died a natural death in a tan vat, of a combination of delirium tremens and spontaneous combustion.

CreeknounUS /kriːk/

a natural stream of water smaller than a river (and often a tributary of a river)

From this reading THE slaughter-house is gone from the mouth of Bear Creek and so is the small jail (or 'calaboose') which once stood in its neighborhood.

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading A citizen asked, 'Do you remember when Jimmy Finn, the town drunkard, was burned to death in the calaboose?'

defiledadjective

morally blemished; stained or impure

From this reading Observe, now, how history becomes defiled, through lapse of time and the help of the bad memories of men.

deliriumnounUS /dɪˈlɪriəm/

state of violent mental agitation

From this reading Jimmy Finn was not burned in the calaboose, but died a natural death in a tan vat, of a combination of delirium tremens and spontaneous combustion.

dieverbUS /daɪ/

pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life

From this reading When I say natural death, I mean it was a natural death for Jimmy Finn to die.

diedverbUS /daɪd/

past form of “die” — pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life

From this reading Jimmy Finn was not burned in the calaboose, but died a natural death in a tan vat, of a combination of delirium tremens and spontaneous combustion.

Doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading A citizen asked, 'Do you remember when Jimmy Finn, the town drunkard, was burned to death in the calaboose?'

drunkardnounUS /ˈdrʌŋkərd/

a chronic drinker

From this reading A citizen asked, 'Do you remember when Jimmy Finn, the town drunkard, was burned to death in the calaboose?'

FinnnounUS /fɪn/

a native or inhabitant of Finland

From this reading A citizen asked, 'Do you remember when Jimmy Finn, the town drunkard, was burned to death in the calaboose?'

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading When I say natural death, I mean it was a natural death for Jimmy Finn to die.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading THE slaughter-house is gone from the mouth of Bear Creek and so is the small jail (or 'calaboose') which once stood in its neighborhood.

goneadjectiveUS /ɡɔːn/

destroyed or killed

From this reading THE slaughter-house is gone from the mouth of Bear Creek and so is the small jail (or 'calaboose') which once stood in its neighborhood.

helpverbUS /help/

give help or assistance; be of service

From this reading Observe, now, how history becomes defiled, through lapse of time and the help of the bad memories of men.

historynounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading Observe, now, how history becomes defiled, through lapse of time and the help of the bad memories of men.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Observe, now, how history becomes defiled, through lapse of time and the help of the bad memories of men.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading When I say natural death, I mean it was a natural death for Jimmy Finn to die.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE slaughter-house is gone from the mouth of Bear Creek and so is the small jail (or 'calaboose') which once stood in its neighborhood.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE slaughter-house is gone from the mouth of Bear Creek and so is the small jail (or 'calaboose') which once stood in its neighborhood.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading When I say natural death, I mean it was a natural death for Jimmy Finn to die.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading THE slaughter-house is gone from the mouth of Bear Creek and so is the small jail (or 'calaboose') which once stood in its neighborhood.

jailnounUS /dʒeɪl/

a correctional institution used to detain persons who are in the lawful custody of the government (either accused persons awaiting trial or convicted persons serving a sentence)

From this reading THE slaughter-house is gone from the mouth of Bear Creek and so is the small jail (or 'calaboose') which once stood in its neighborhood.

JimmyverbUS /ˈdʒɪmi/

to move or force, especially in an effort to get something open

From this reading A citizen asked, 'Do you remember when Jimmy Finn, the town drunkard, was burned to death in the calaboose?'

lapseverbUS /læps/

pass into a specified state or condition

From this reading Observe, now, how history becomes defiled, through lapse of time and the help of the bad memories of men.

meanverbUS /miːn/

mean or intend to express or convey

From this reading When I say natural death, I mean it was a natural death for Jimmy Finn to die.

memoriesnounUS /ˈmɛm.ə.riz/

Recollections of past events.

From this reading Observe, now, how history becomes defiled, through lapse of time and the help of the bad memories of men.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading Observe, now, how history becomes defiled, through lapse of time and the help of the bad memories of men.

mouthnounUS /maʊθ/

the opening through which food is taken in and vocalizations emerge

From this reading THE slaughter-house is gone from the mouth of Bear Creek and so is the small jail (or 'calaboose') which once stood in its neighborhood.

naturaladjectiveUS /ˈnætʃərəl/

in accordance with nature; relating to or concerning nature

From this reading Jimmy Finn was not burned in the calaboose, but died a natural death in a tan vat, of a combination of delirium tremens and spontaneous combustion.

neighborhoodnounUS /ˈneɪbərhʊd/

a surrounding or nearby region

From this reading THE slaughter-house is gone from the mouth of Bear Creek and so is the small jail (or 'calaboose') which once stood in its neighborhood.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Jimmy Finn was not burned in the calaboose, but died a natural death in a tan vat, of a combination of delirium tremens and spontaneous combustion.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Observe, now, how history becomes defiled, through lapse of time and the help of the bad memories of men.

ObserveverbUS /əbˈzɜːrv/

discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of

From this reading Observe, now, how history becomes defiled, through lapse of time and the help of the bad memories of men.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE slaughter-house is gone from the mouth of Bear Creek and so is the small jail (or 'calaboose') which once stood in its neighborhood.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading THE slaughter-house is gone from the mouth of Bear Creek and so is the small jail (or 'calaboose') which once stood in its neighborhood.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading THE slaughter-house is gone from the mouth of Bear Creek and so is the small jail (or 'calaboose') which once stood in its neighborhood.

rememberverbUS /rɪˈmɛm.bər/

To recall to mind.

From this reading A citizen asked, 'Do you remember when Jimmy Finn, the town drunkard, was burned to death in the calaboose?'

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading When I say natural death, I mean it was a natural death for Jimmy Finn to die.

slaughter-house

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE slaughter-house is gone from the mouth of Bear Creek and so is the small jail (or 'calaboose') which once stood in its neighborhood.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading THE slaughter-house is gone from the mouth of Bear Creek and so is the small jail (or 'calaboose') which once stood in its neighborhood.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading THE slaughter-house is gone from the mouth of Bear Creek and so is the small jail (or 'calaboose') which once stood in its neighborhood.

spontaneousadjectiveUS /spɑːnˈteɪniəs/

happening or arising without apparent external cause

From this reading Jimmy Finn was not burned in the calaboose, but died a natural death in a tan vat, of a combination of delirium tremens and spontaneous combustion.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading THE slaughter-house is gone from the mouth of Bear Creek and so is the small jail (or 'calaboose') which once stood in its neighborhood.

tannounUS /tæn/

a browning of the skin resulting from exposure to the rays of the sun

From this reading Jimmy Finn was not burned in the calaboose, but died a natural death in a tan vat, of a combination of delirium tremens and spontaneous combustion.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE slaughter-house is gone from the mouth of Bear Creek and so is the small jail (or 'calaboose') which once stood in its neighborhood.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading Observe, now, how history becomes defiled, through lapse of time and the help of the bad memories of men.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Observe, now, how history becomes defiled, through lapse of time and the help of the bad memories of men.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading A citizen asked, 'Do you remember when Jimmy Finn, the town drunkard, was burned to death in the calaboose?'

townnounUS /taʊn/

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading A citizen asked, 'Do you remember when Jimmy Finn, the town drunkard, was burned to death in the calaboose?'

tremens

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Jimmy Finn was not burned in the calaboose, but died a natural death in a tan vat, of a combination of delirium tremens and spontaneous combustion.

vatnounUS /væt/

a tax levied on the difference between a commodity's price before taxes and its cost of production

From this reading Jimmy Finn was not burned in the calaboose, but died a natural death in a tan vat, of a combination of delirium tremens and spontaneous combustion.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading A citizen asked, 'Do you remember when Jimmy Finn, the town drunkard, was burned to death in the calaboose?'

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading A citizen asked, 'Do you remember when Jimmy Finn, the town drunkard, was burned to death in the calaboose?'

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading THE slaughter-house is gone from the mouth of Bear Creek and so is the small jail (or 'calaboose') which once stood in its neighborhood.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading A citizen asked, 'Do you remember when Jimmy Finn, the town drunkard, was burned to death in the calaboose?'

Chapter 16 of Life on the Mississippi, Part 9. by Mark Twain holds 119 sentences, grouped into 24 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 16 of Life on the Mississippi, Part 9. contain?

Chapter 16 holds 119 sentences of Life on the Mississippi, Part 9., unabridged, divided into 24 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 16 of Life on the Mississippi, Part 9. by Mark Twain exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 119 sentences, grouped into 24 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 16 of Life on the Mississippi, Part 9.?

Work through the 24 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 24 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 16 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 16 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Life on the Mississippi, Part 9.

Common questions about reading Life on the Mississippi, Part 9. by Mark Twain on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Life on the Mississippi, Part 9.?

Yes. All 2359 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #8479 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Life on the Mississippi, Part 9. is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #8479, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Life on the Mississippi, Part 9. take to read?

About 196 minutes of reading across 472 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Life on the Mississippi, Part 9. section by section

How to work through Life on the Mississippi, Part 9. section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 20 chapters of Life on the Mississippi, Part 9. to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Life on the Mississippi, Part 9.

Words and structures a reader meets early in Life on the Mississippi, Part 9., each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Approaches
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Life on the Mississippi, Part 9.; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Orleans
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Life on the Mississippi, Part 9.; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Familiar
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Life on the Mississippi, Part 9.; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
General
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Life on the Mississippi, Part 9.; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.