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Life's Little Ironies
A set of tales with
Life's Little Ironies A set of tales with

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of Life's Little Ironies A set of tales with is here in full — 62 sentences across 13 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Life's Little Ironies
A set of tales with
Context Illustration Reading 1/12 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The man who played the disturbing part in the two quiet lives hereafter depictedno great man, in any sense, by the wayfirst had knowledge of them on an October evening, in the city of Melchester.
He had been standing in the Close, vainly endeavouring to gain amid the darkness a glimpse of the most homogeneous pile of mediæval architecture in England, which towered and tapered from the damp and level sward in front of him.
While he stood the presence of the Cathedral walls was revealed rather by the ear than by the eyes; he could not see them, but they reflected sharply a roar of sound which entered the Close by a street leading from the city square, and, falling upon the building, was flung back upon him.
He postponed till the morrow his attempt to examine the deserted edifice, and turned his attention to the noise.
It was compounded of steam barrel-organs, the clanging of gongs, the ringing of hand-bells, the clack of rattles, and the undistinguishable shouts of men.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Life's Little Ironies A set of tales with

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of Life's Little Ironies A set of tales with is here in full — 62 sentences across 13 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/12 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The man who played the disturbing part in the two quiet lives hereafter depictedno great man, in any sense, by the wayfirst had knowledge of them on an October evening, in the city of Melchester.
Line 2
He had been standing in the Close, vainly endeavouring to gain amid the darkness a glimpse of the most homogeneous pile of mediæval architecture in England, which towered and tapered from the damp and level sward in front of him.
Line 3
While he stood the presence of the Cathedral walls was revealed rather by the ear than by the eyes; he could not see them, but they reflected sharply a roar of sound which entered the Close by a street leading from the city square, and, falling upon the building, was flung back upon him.
/waɪl hiː stʊd ðə ˈprezəns ʌv ðə kəˈθiːdrəl wɔːlz wɑːz rɪˈviːld ˈræðər baɪ ðə iːr ðæn baɪ ðə aɪz hiː kʊd nɑːt siː ðem bʌt ðeɪ rɪˈflektɪd ˈʃɑːrpli ə rɔːr ʌv saʊnd wɪtʃ ˈentərd ðə kloʊs baɪ ə striːt ˈliːdɪŋ frʌm ðə ˈsɪti skwer ənd ˈfɑːlɪŋ əˈpɑːn ðə ˈbɪldɪŋ wɑːz flʌŋ bæk əˈpɑːn hɪm/
Line 4
He postponed till the morrow his attempt to examine the deserted edifice, and turned his attention to the noise.
/hiː poʊstˈpoʊnd tɪl ðə ˈmɑːroʊ hɪz əˈtempt tuː ɪɡˈzæmɪn ðə dɪˈzɜːrtɪd ˈedəfəs ənd tɜːrnd hɪz əˈtenʃən tuː ðə nɔɪz/
Line 5
It was compounded of steam barrel-organs, the clanging of gongs, the ringing of hand-bells, the clack of rattles, and the undistinguishable shouts of men.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

clack verb US /klæk/

make a rattling sound

From this reading “It was compounded of steam barrel-organs, the clanging of gongs, the ringing of hand-bells, the clack of rattles, and the undistinguishable shouts of men.”

clanging adjective US /ˈklæŋɪŋ/

having a loud resonant metallic sound

From this reading “It was compounded of steam barrel-organs, the clanging of gongs, the ringing of hand-bells, the clack of rattles, and the undistinguishable shouts of men.”

compounded adjective US /kəmˈpaʊndəd/

combined into or constituting a chemical compound

From this reading “It was compounded of steam barrel-organs, the clanging of gongs, the ringing of hand-bells, the clack of rattles, and the undistinguishable shouts of men.”

gongs noun US /ɡɔːŋz/

plural of “gong” — a percussion instrument consisting of a metal plate that is struck with a softheaded drumstick

From this reading “It was compounded of steam barrel-organs, the clanging of gongs, the ringing of hand-bells, the clack of rattles, and the undistinguishable shouts of men.”

homogeneous adjective US /ˌhoʊməˈdʒiːniəs/

all of the same or similar kind or nature

From this reading “He had been standing in the Close, vainly endeavouring to gain amid the darkness a glimpse of the most homogeneous pile of mediæval architecture in England, which towered and tapered from the damp and level sward in front of him.”

rattles noun US /ˈrætəlz/

plural of “rattle” — a rapid series of short loud sounds (as might be heard with a stethoscope in some types of respiratory disorders)

From this reading “It was compounded of steam barrel-organs, the clanging of gongs, the ringing of hand-bells, the clack of rattles, and the undistinguishable shouts of men.”

sward noun US /swɔːrd/

surface layer of ground containing a mat of grass and grass roots

From this reading “He had been standing in the Close, vainly endeavouring to gain amid the darkness a glimpse of the most homogeneous pile of mediæval architecture in England, which towered and tapered from the damp and level sward in front of him.”

tapered adjective US /ˈteɪpərd/

becoming gradually narrower

From this reading “He had been standing in the Close, vainly endeavouring to gain amid the darkness a glimpse of the most homogeneous pile of mediæval architecture in England, which towered and tapered from the damp and level sward in front of him.”

All words in this reading · 110

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He had been standing in the Close, vainly endeavouring to gain amid the darkness a glimpse of the most homogeneous pile of mediæval architecture in England, which towered and tapered from the damp and level sward in front of him.

amidprepositionUS /əˈmɪd/

in the middle of; surrounded by

From this reading He had been standing in the Close, vainly endeavouring to gain amid the darkness a glimpse of the most homogeneous pile of mediæval architecture in England, which towered and tapered from the damp and level sward in front of him.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The man who played the disturbing part in the two quiet lives hereafter depicted—no great man, in any sense, by the way—first had knowledge of them on an October evening, in the city of Melchester.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He had been standing in the Close, vainly endeavouring to gain amid the darkness a glimpse of the most homogeneous pile of mediæval architecture in England, which towered and tapered from the damp and level sward in front of him.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading The man who played the disturbing part in the two quiet lives hereafter depicted—no great man, in any sense, by the way—first had knowledge of them on an October evening, in the city of Melchester.

architecturenounUS /ˈɑːrkətektʃər/

an architectural product or work

From this reading He had been standing in the Close, vainly endeavouring to gain amid the darkness a glimpse of the most homogeneous pile of mediæval architecture in England, which towered and tapered from the damp and level sward in front of him.

attemptnounUS /əˈtempt/

earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something

From this reading He postponed till the morrow his attempt to examine the deserted edifice, and turned his attention to the noise.

attentionnounUS /əˈtenʃən/

the process whereby a person concentrates on some features of the environment to the (relative) exclusion of others

From this reading He postponed till the morrow his attempt to examine the deserted edifice, and turned his attention to the noise.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading While he stood the presence of the Cathedral walls was revealed rather by the ear than by the eyes; he could not see them, but they reflected sharply a roar of sound which entered the Close by a street leading from the city square, and, falling upon the building, was flung back upon him.

barrel-organs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was compounded of steam barrel-organs, the clanging of gongs, the ringing of hand-bells, the clack of rattles, and the undistinguishable shouts of men.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading He had been standing in the Close, vainly endeavouring to gain amid the darkness a glimpse of the most homogeneous pile of mediæval architecture in England, which towered and tapered from the damp and level sward in front of him.

buildingnounUS /ˈbɪldɪŋ/

a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place

From this reading While he stood the presence of the Cathedral walls was revealed rather by the ear than by the eyes; he could not see them, but they reflected sharply a roar of sound which entered the Close by a street leading from the city square, and, falling upon the building, was flung back upon him.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading While he stood the presence of the Cathedral walls was revealed rather by the ear than by the eyes; he could not see them, but they reflected sharply a roar of sound which entered the Close by a street leading from the city square, and, falling upon the building, was flung back upon him.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The man who played the disturbing part in the two quiet lives hereafter depicted—no great man, in any sense, by the way—first had knowledge of them on an October evening, in the city of Melchester.

CathedralnounUS /kəˈθiːdrəl/

any large and important church

From this reading While he stood the presence of the Cathedral walls was revealed rather by the ear than by the eyes; he could not see them, but they reflected sharply a roar of sound which entered the Close by a street leading from the city square, and, falling upon the building, was flung back upon him.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading The man who played the disturbing part in the two quiet lives hereafter depicted—no great man, in any sense, by the way—first had knowledge of them on an October evening, in the city of Melchester.

clackverbUS /klæk/

make a rattling sound

From this reading It was compounded of steam barrel-organs, the clanging of gongs, the ringing of hand-bells, the clack of rattles, and the undistinguishable shouts of men.

clangingadjectiveUS /ˈklæŋɪŋ/

having a loud resonant metallic sound

From this reading It was compounded of steam barrel-organs, the clanging of gongs, the ringing of hand-bells, the clack of rattles, and the undistinguishable shouts of men.

CloseadjectiveUS /kloʊs/

at or within a short distance in space or time or having elements near each other

From this reading He had been standing in the Close, vainly endeavouring to gain amid the darkness a glimpse of the most homogeneous pile of mediæval architecture in England, which towered and tapered from the damp and level sward in front of him.

compoundedadjectiveUS /kəmˈpaʊndəd/

combined into or constituting a chemical compound

From this reading It was compounded of steam barrel-organs, the clanging of gongs, the ringing of hand-bells, the clack of rattles, and the undistinguishable shouts of men.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading While he stood the presence of the Cathedral walls was revealed rather by the ear than by the eyes; he could not see them, but they reflected sharply a roar of sound which entered the Close by a street leading from the city square, and, falling upon the building, was flung back upon him.

dampadjectiveUS /dæmp/

slightly wet

From this reading He had been standing in the Close, vainly endeavouring to gain amid the darkness a glimpse of the most homogeneous pile of mediæval architecture in England, which towered and tapered from the damp and level sward in front of him.

darknessnounUS /ˈdɑːrknəs/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading He had been standing in the Close, vainly endeavouring to gain amid the darkness a glimpse of the most homogeneous pile of mediæval architecture in England, which towered and tapered from the damp and level sward in front of him.

depictedadjectiveUS /dɪˈpɪktəd/

represented graphically by sketch or design or lines

From this reading The man who played the disturbing part in the two quiet lives hereafter depicted—no great man, in any sense, by the way—first had knowledge of them on an October evening, in the city of Melchester.

desertedadjectiveUS /dɪˈzɜːrtɪd/

forsaken by owner or inhabitants

From this reading He postponed till the morrow his attempt to examine the deserted edifice, and turned his attention to the noise.

disturbingadjectiveUS /dɪˈstɜːrbɪŋ/

causing distress or worry or anxiety

From this reading The man who played the disturbing part in the two quiet lives hereafter depicted—no great man, in any sense, by the way—first had knowledge of them on an October evening, in the city of Melchester.

earnounUS /iːr/

the sense organ for hearing and equilibrium

From this reading While he stood the presence of the Cathedral walls was revealed rather by the ear than by the eyes; he could not see them, but they reflected sharply a roar of sound which entered the Close by a street leading from the city square, and, falling upon the building, was flung back upon him.

edificenounUS /ˈedəfəs/

a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place

From this reading He postponed till the morrow his attempt to examine the deserted edifice, and turned his attention to the noise.

endeavouring

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been standing in the Close, vainly endeavouring to gain amid the darkness a glimpse of the most homogeneous pile of mediæval architecture in England, which towered and tapered from the damp and level sward in front of him.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading He had been standing in the Close, vainly endeavouring to gain amid the darkness a glimpse of the most homogeneous pile of mediæval architecture in England, which towered and tapered from the damp and level sward in front of him.

enteredverbUS /ˈentərd/

past form of “enter” — to come or go into

From this reading While he stood the presence of the Cathedral walls was revealed rather by the ear than by the eyes; he could not see them, but they reflected sharply a roar of sound which entered the Close by a street leading from the city square, and, falling upon the building, was flung back upon him.

eveningnounUS /ˈiːvnɪŋ/

the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)

From this reading The man who played the disturbing part in the two quiet lives hereafter depicted—no great man, in any sense, by the way—first had knowledge of them on an October evening, in the city of Melchester.

examineverbUS /ɪɡˈzæmɪn/

consider in detail and subject to an analysis in order to discover essential features or meaning

From this reading He postponed till the morrow his attempt to examine the deserted edifice, and turned his attention to the noise.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading While he stood the presence of the Cathedral walls was revealed rather by the ear than by the eyes; he could not see them, but they reflected sharply a roar of sound which entered the Close by a street leading from the city square, and, falling upon the building, was flung back upon him.

fallingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːlɪŋ/

decreasing in amount or degree

From this reading While he stood the presence of the Cathedral walls was revealed rather by the ear than by the eyes; he could not see them, but they reflected sharply a roar of sound which entered the Close by a street leading from the city square, and, falling upon the building, was flung back upon him.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading The man who played the disturbing part in the two quiet lives hereafter depicted—no great man, in any sense, by the way—first had knowledge of them on an October evening, in the city of Melchester.

flungverbUS /flʌŋ/

inflected form of “fling” — throw with force or recklessness

From this reading While he stood the presence of the Cathedral walls was revealed rather by the ear than by the eyes; he could not see them, but they reflected sharply a roar of sound which entered the Close by a street leading from the city square, and, falling upon the building, was flung back upon him.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading He had been standing in the Close, vainly endeavouring to gain amid the darkness a glimpse of the most homogeneous pile of mediæval architecture in England, which towered and tapered from the damp and level sward in front of him.

frontnounUS /frʌnt/

the side that is forward or prominent

From this reading He had been standing in the Close, vainly endeavouring to gain amid the darkness a glimpse of the most homogeneous pile of mediæval architecture in England, which towered and tapered from the damp and level sward in front of him.

gainverbUS /ɡeɪn/

obtain

From this reading He had been standing in the Close, vainly endeavouring to gain amid the darkness a glimpse of the most homogeneous pile of mediæval architecture in England, which towered and tapered from the damp and level sward in front of him.

glimpsenounUS /ɡlɪmps/

a quick look

From this reading He had been standing in the Close, vainly endeavouring to gain amid the darkness a glimpse of the most homogeneous pile of mediæval architecture in England, which towered and tapered from the damp and level sward in front of him.

gongsnounUS /ɡɔːŋz/

plural of “gong” — a percussion instrument consisting of a metal plate that is struck with a softheaded drumstick

From this reading It was compounded of steam barrel-organs, the clanging of gongs, the ringing of hand-bells, the clack of rattles, and the undistinguishable shouts of men.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading The man who played the disturbing part in the two quiet lives hereafter depicted—no great man, in any sense, by the way—first had knowledge of them on an October evening, in the city of Melchester.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The man who played the disturbing part in the two quiet lives hereafter depicted—no great man, in any sense, by the way—first had knowledge of them on an October evening, in the city of Melchester.

hand-bells

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was compounded of steam barrel-organs, the clanging of gongs, the ringing of hand-bells, the clack of rattles, and the undistinguishable shouts of men.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He had been standing in the Close, vainly endeavouring to gain amid the darkness a glimpse of the most homogeneous pile of mediæval architecture in England, which towered and tapered from the damp and level sward in front of him.

hereafteradverbUS /hɪˈræftər/

in a subsequent part of this document or statement or matter etc.

From this reading The man who played the disturbing part in the two quiet lives hereafter depicted—no great man, in any sense, by the way—first had knowledge of them on an October evening, in the city of Melchester.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He had been standing in the Close, vainly endeavouring to gain amid the darkness a glimpse of the most homogeneous pile of mediæval architecture in England, which towered and tapered from the damp and level sward in front of him.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He postponed till the morrow his attempt to examine the deserted edifice, and turned his attention to the noise.

homogeneousadjectiveUS /ˌhoʊməˈdʒiːniəs/

all of the same or similar kind or nature

From this reading He had been standing in the Close, vainly endeavouring to gain amid the darkness a glimpse of the most homogeneous pile of mediæval architecture in England, which towered and tapered from the damp and level sward in front of him.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The man who played the disturbing part in the two quiet lives hereafter depicted—no great man, in any sense, by the way—first had knowledge of them on an October evening, in the city of Melchester.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was compounded of steam barrel-organs, the clanging of gongs, the ringing of hand-bells, the clack of rattles, and the undistinguishable shouts of men.

knowledgenounUS /ˈnɑːlədʒ/

the psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning

From this reading The man who played the disturbing part in the two quiet lives hereafter depicted—no great man, in any sense, by the way—first had knowledge of them on an October evening, in the city of Melchester.

leadingadjectiveUS /ˈliːdɪŋ/

indicating the most important performer or role

From this reading While he stood the presence of the Cathedral walls was revealed rather by the ear than by the eyes; he could not see them, but they reflected sharply a roar of sound which entered the Close by a street leading from the city square, and, falling upon the building, was flung back upon him.

levelnounUS /ˈlevəl/

a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality

From this reading He had been standing in the Close, vainly endeavouring to gain amid the darkness a glimpse of the most homogeneous pile of mediæval architecture in England, which towered and tapered from the damp and level sward in front of him.

livesnounUS /lɪvz/

plural of “life” — a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading The man who played the disturbing part in the two quiet lives hereafter depicted—no great man, in any sense, by the way—first had knowledge of them on an October evening, in the city of Melchester.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading The man who played the disturbing part in the two quiet lives hereafter depicted—no great man, in any sense, by the way—first had knowledge of them on an October evening, in the city of Melchester.

mediæval

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been standing in the Close, vainly endeavouring to gain amid the darkness a glimpse of the most homogeneous pile of mediæval architecture in England, which towered and tapered from the damp and level sward in front of him.

Melchester

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The man who played the disturbing part in the two quiet lives hereafter depicted—no great man, in any sense, by the way—first had knowledge of them on an October evening, in the city of Melchester.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading It was compounded of steam barrel-organs, the clanging of gongs, the ringing of hand-bells, the clack of rattles, and the undistinguishable shouts of men.

morrownounUS /ˈmɑːroʊ/

the next day

From this reading He postponed till the morrow his attempt to examine the deserted edifice, and turned his attention to the noise.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading He had been standing in the Close, vainly endeavouring to gain amid the darkness a glimpse of the most homogeneous pile of mediæval architecture in England, which towered and tapered from the damp and level sward in front of him.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading The man who played the disturbing part in the two quiet lives hereafter depicted—no great man, in any sense, by the way—first had knowledge of them on an October evening, in the city of Melchester.

noisenounUS /nɔɪz/

sound of any kind (especially unintelligible or dissonant sound)

From this reading He postponed till the morrow his attempt to examine the deserted edifice, and turned his attention to the noise.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading While he stood the presence of the Cathedral walls was revealed rather by the ear than by the eyes; he could not see them, but they reflected sharply a roar of sound which entered the Close by a street leading from the city square, and, falling upon the building, was flung back upon him.

OctobernounUS /ɑːkˈtoʊbər/

the month following September and preceding November

From this reading The man who played the disturbing part in the two quiet lives hereafter depicted—no great man, in any sense, by the way—first had knowledge of them on an October evening, in the city of Melchester.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The man who played the disturbing part in the two quiet lives hereafter depicted—no great man, in any sense, by the way—first had knowledge of them on an October evening, in the city of Melchester.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The man who played the disturbing part in the two quiet lives hereafter depicted—no great man, in any sense, by the way—first had knowledge of them on an October evening, in the city of Melchester.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading The man who played the disturbing part in the two quiet lives hereafter depicted—no great man, in any sense, by the way—first had knowledge of them on an October evening, in the city of Melchester.

pilenounUS /paɪl/

a collection of objects laid on top of each other

From this reading He had been standing in the Close, vainly endeavouring to gain amid the darkness a glimpse of the most homogeneous pile of mediæval architecture in England, which towered and tapered from the damp and level sward in front of him.

playedadjectiveUS /pleɪd/

(of games) engaged in

From this reading The man who played the disturbing part in the two quiet lives hereafter depicted—no great man, in any sense, by the way—first had knowledge of them on an October evening, in the city of Melchester.

postponedverbUS /poʊstˈpoʊnd/

past form of “postpone” — hold back to a later time

From this reading He postponed till the morrow his attempt to examine the deserted edifice, and turned his attention to the noise.

presencenounUS /ˈprezəns/

the state of being present; current existence

From this reading While he stood the presence of the Cathedral walls was revealed rather by the ear than by the eyes; he could not see them, but they reflected sharply a roar of sound which entered the Close by a street leading from the city square, and, falling upon the building, was flung back upon him.

quietadjectiveUS /ˈkwaɪət/

characterized by an absence or near absence of agitation or activity

From this reading The man who played the disturbing part in the two quiet lives hereafter depicted—no great man, in any sense, by the way—first had knowledge of them on an October evening, in the city of Melchester.

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading While he stood the presence of the Cathedral walls was revealed rather by the ear than by the eyes; he could not see them, but they reflected sharply a roar of sound which entered the Close by a street leading from the city square, and, falling upon the building, was flung back upon him.

rattlesnounUS /ˈrætəlz/

plural of “rattle” — a rapid series of short loud sounds (as might be heard with a stethoscope in some types of respiratory disorders)

From this reading It was compounded of steam barrel-organs, the clanging of gongs, the ringing of hand-bells, the clack of rattles, and the undistinguishable shouts of men.

reflectedadjectiveUS /rɪˈflektɪd/

(especially of incident sound or light) bent or sent back

From this reading While he stood the presence of the Cathedral walls was revealed rather by the ear than by the eyes; he could not see them, but they reflected sharply a roar of sound which entered the Close by a street leading from the city square, and, falling upon the building, was flung back upon him.

revealedverbUS /rɪˈviːld/

past form of “reveal” — make visible

From this reading While he stood the presence of the Cathedral walls was revealed rather by the ear than by the eyes; he could not see them, but they reflected sharply a roar of sound which entered the Close by a street leading from the city square, and, falling upon the building, was flung back upon him.

ringingnounUS /ˈrɪŋɪŋ/

the sound of a bell ringing

From this reading It was compounded of steam barrel-organs, the clanging of gongs, the ringing of hand-bells, the clack of rattles, and the undistinguishable shouts of men.

roarverbUS /rɔːr/

make a loud noise, as of wind, water, or vehicles

From this reading While he stood the presence of the Cathedral walls was revealed rather by the ear than by the eyes; he could not see them, but they reflected sharply a roar of sound which entered the Close by a street leading from the city square, and, falling upon the building, was flung back upon him.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading While he stood the presence of the Cathedral walls was revealed rather by the ear than by the eyes; he could not see them, but they reflected sharply a roar of sound which entered the Close by a street leading from the city square, and, falling upon the building, was flung back upon him.

sensenounUS /sens/

a general conscious awareness

From this reading The man who played the disturbing part in the two quiet lives hereafter depicted—no great man, in any sense, by the way—first had knowledge of them on an October evening, in the city of Melchester.

sharplyadverbUS /ˈʃɑːrpli/

in an aggressive manner

From this reading While he stood the presence of the Cathedral walls was revealed rather by the ear than by the eyes; he could not see them, but they reflected sharply a roar of sound which entered the Close by a street leading from the city square, and, falling upon the building, was flung back upon him.

shoutsnounUS /ʃaʊts/

plural of “shout” — a loud utterance; often in protest or opposition

From this reading It was compounded of steam barrel-organs, the clanging of gongs, the ringing of hand-bells, the clack of rattles, and the undistinguishable shouts of men.

soundnounUS /saʊnd/

the particular auditory effect produced by a given cause

From this reading While he stood the presence of the Cathedral walls was revealed rather by the ear than by the eyes; he could not see them, but they reflected sharply a roar of sound which entered the Close by a street leading from the city square, and, falling upon the building, was flung back upon him.

squareverbUS /skwer/

make square

From this reading While he stood the presence of the Cathedral walls was revealed rather by the ear than by the eyes; he could not see them, but they reflected sharply a roar of sound which entered the Close by a street leading from the city square, and, falling upon the building, was flung back upon him.

standingadjectiveUS /ˈstændɪŋ/

having a supporting base

From this reading He had been standing in the Close, vainly endeavouring to gain amid the darkness a glimpse of the most homogeneous pile of mediæval architecture in England, which towered and tapered from the damp and level sward in front of him.

steamverbUS /stiːm/

travel by means of steam power

From this reading It was compounded of steam barrel-organs, the clanging of gongs, the ringing of hand-bells, the clack of rattles, and the undistinguishable shouts of men.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading While he stood the presence of the Cathedral walls was revealed rather by the ear than by the eyes; he could not see them, but they reflected sharply a roar of sound which entered the Close by a street leading from the city square, and, falling upon the building, was flung back upon him.

streetnounUS /striːt/

a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading While he stood the presence of the Cathedral walls was revealed rather by the ear than by the eyes; he could not see them, but they reflected sharply a roar of sound which entered the Close by a street leading from the city square, and, falling upon the building, was flung back upon him.

swardnounUS /swɔːrd/

surface layer of ground containing a mat of grass and grass roots

From this reading He had been standing in the Close, vainly endeavouring to gain amid the darkness a glimpse of the most homogeneous pile of mediæval architecture in England, which towered and tapered from the damp and level sward in front of him.

taperedadjectiveUS /ˈteɪpərd/

becoming gradually narrower

From this reading He had been standing in the Close, vainly endeavouring to gain amid the darkness a glimpse of the most homogeneous pile of mediæval architecture in England, which towered and tapered from the damp and level sward in front of him.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading While he stood the presence of the Cathedral walls was revealed rather by the ear than by the eyes; he could not see them, but they reflected sharply a roar of sound which entered the Close by a street leading from the city square, and, falling upon the building, was flung back upon him.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The man who played the disturbing part in the two quiet lives hereafter depicted—no great man, in any sense, by the way—first had knowledge of them on an October evening, in the city of Melchester.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The man who played the disturbing part in the two quiet lives hereafter depicted—no great man, in any sense, by the way—first had knowledge of them on an October evening, in the city of Melchester.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading While he stood the presence of the Cathedral walls was revealed rather by the ear than by the eyes; he could not see them, but they reflected sharply a roar of sound which entered the Close by a street leading from the city square, and, falling upon the building, was flung back upon him.

tillprepositionUS /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading He postponed till the morrow his attempt to examine the deserted edifice, and turned his attention to the noise.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading He had been standing in the Close, vainly endeavouring to gain amid the darkness a glimpse of the most homogeneous pile of mediæval architecture in England, which towered and tapered from the damp and level sward in front of him.

toweredverbUS /ˈtaʊərd/

past form of “tower” — appear very large or occupy a commanding position

From this reading He had been standing in the Close, vainly endeavouring to gain amid the darkness a glimpse of the most homogeneous pile of mediæval architecture in England, which towered and tapered from the damp and level sward in front of him.

turnedadjectiveUS /tɜːrnd/

moved around an axis or center

From this reading He postponed till the morrow his attempt to examine the deserted edifice, and turned his attention to the noise.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading The man who played the disturbing part in the two quiet lives hereafter depicted—no great man, in any sense, by the way—first had knowledge of them on an October evening, in the city of Melchester.

undistinguishableadjective

not capable of being distinguished or differentiated

From this reading It was compounded of steam barrel-organs, the clanging of gongs, the ringing of hand-bells, the clack of rattles, and the undistinguishable shouts of men.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading While he stood the presence of the Cathedral walls was revealed rather by the ear than by the eyes; he could not see them, but they reflected sharply a roar of sound which entered the Close by a street leading from the city square, and, falling upon the building, was flung back upon him.

vainlyadverbUS /ˈveɪnli/

to no avail

From this reading He had been standing in the Close, vainly endeavouring to gain amid the darkness a glimpse of the most homogeneous pile of mediæval architecture in England, which towered and tapered from the damp and level sward in front of him.

wallsnounUS /wɔːlz/

plural of “wall” — an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading While he stood the presence of the Cathedral walls was revealed rather by the ear than by the eyes; he could not see them, but they reflected sharply a roar of sound which entered the Close by a street leading from the city square, and, falling upon the building, was flung back upon him.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading While he stood the presence of the Cathedral walls was revealed rather by the ear than by the eyes; he could not see them, but they reflected sharply a roar of sound which entered the Close by a street leading from the city square, and, falling upon the building, was flung back upon him.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading The man who played the disturbing part in the two quiet lives hereafter depicted—no great man, in any sense, by the way—first had knowledge of them on an October evening, in the city of Melchester.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading He had been standing in the Close, vainly endeavouring to gain amid the darkness a glimpse of the most homogeneous pile of mediæval architecture in England, which towered and tapered from the damp and level sward in front of him.

WhileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading While he stood the presence of the Cathedral walls was revealed rather by the ear than by the eyes; he could not see them, but they reflected sharply a roar of sound which entered the Close by a street leading from the city square, and, falling upon the building, was flung back upon him.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The man who played the disturbing part in the two quiet lives hereafter depicted—no great man, in any sense, by the way—first had knowledge of them on an October evening, in the city of Melchester.

Chapter 12 of Life's Little Ironies A set of tales with by Thomas Hardy holds 62 sentences, grouped into 13 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of Life's Little Ironies A set of tales with contain?

Chapter 12 holds 62 sentences of Life's Little Ironies A set of tales with, unabridged, divided into 13 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of Life's Little Ironies A set of tales with by Thomas Hardy exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 62 sentences, grouped into 13 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of Life's Little Ironies A set of tales with?

Work through the 13 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 13 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Common questions about reading Life's Little Ironies A set of tales with by Thomas Hardy on this page, its source edition and its audio.

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Yes. All 3848 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #3047 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #3047, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 320 minutes of reading across 770 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through Life's Little Ironies A set of tales with section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in Life's Little Ironies A set of tales with

Words and structures a reader meets early in Life's Little Ironies A set of tales with, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Viewing
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Life's Little Ironies A set of tales with; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Behind
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Life's Little Ironies A set of tales with; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Nut-brown
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Life's Little Ironies A set of tales with; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Wonder
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Life's Little Ironies A set of tales with; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.