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Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters
Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters is here in full — 470 sentences across 94 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters
Context Illustration Reading 35/94 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
As lawyer and political speaker Lincoln always felt the necessity of believing in his case.
He frequently refused to appear in suits because he could not put his heart into them, and he never defended a policy from mere party loyalty.
Much of Lincoln's success as a speaker was due to the fact that his hearers felt that they could trust him.
This is simply a new application of the old principle that the chief qualification for success in oratory is character.
In reading a man's books we may forget his character for the time, but in listening to an orator we have the man himself constantly before us, and he himself makes or mars his success.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters is here in full — 470 sentences across 94 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 35/94 · 5 reading units · Lines 171–175

Line 1
As lawyer and political speaker Lincoln always felt the necessity of believing in his case.
/æz ˈlɔːjər ənd pəˈlɪtəkəl ˈspiːkər ˈlɪŋkən ˈɔːlweɪz felt ðə nəˈsesəti ʌv bɪˈliːvɪŋ ɪn hɪz keɪs/
Line 2
He frequently refused to appear in suits because he could not put his heart into them, and he never defended a policy from mere party loyalty.
/hiː ˈfriːkwəntli rəˈfjuːzd tuː əˈpɪr ɪn suːts bɪˈkɔːz hiː kʊd nɑːt pʊt hɪz hɑːrt ˈɪntuː ðem ənd hiː ˈnevər dɪˈfendəd ə ˈpɑːləsi frʌm mɪr ˈpɑːrti ˈlɔɪəlti/
Line 3
Much of Lincoln's success as a speaker was due to the fact that his hearers felt that they could trust him.
/mʌtʃ ʌv ˈlɪŋkənz səkˈses æz ə ˈspiːkər wɑːz duː tuː ðə fækt ðæt hɪz ˈhiːrərz felt ðæt ðeɪ kʊd trʌst hɪm/
Line 4
This is simply a new application of the old principle that the chief qualification for success in oratory is character.
/ðɪs ɪz ˈsɪmpli ə nuː ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən ʌv ðə oʊld ˈprɪnsəpəl ðæt ðə tʃiːf ˌkwɑːləfəˈkeɪʃən fɔːr səkˈses ɪn ˈɔːrətɔːri ɪz ˈkerɪktər/
Line 5
In reading a man's books we may forget his character for the time, but in listening to an orator we have the man himself constantly before us, and he himself makes or mars his success.
/ɪn ˈriːdɪŋ ə mænz bʊks wiː meɪ fərˈɡet hɪz ˈkerɪktər fɔːr ðə taɪm bʌt ɪn ˈlɪsənɪŋ tuː æn ˈɔːrətər wiː hæv ðə mæn hɪmˈself ˈkɑːnstəntli bɪˈfɔːr ʌs ənd hiː hɪmˈself meɪks ɔːr mɑːrz hɪz səkˈses/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

defended verb US /dɪˈfendəd/

past form of “defend” — argue or speak in defense of

From this reading “He frequently refused to appear in suits because he could not put his heart into them, and he never defended a policy from mere party loyalty.”

hearers noun US /ˈhiːrərz/

plural of “hearer” — someone who listens attentively

From this reading “Much of Lincoln's success as a speaker was due to the fact that his hearers felt that they could trust him.”

Lincoln's noun US /ˈlɪŋkənz/

possessive form of “lincoln” — 16th President of the United States; saved the Union during the American Civil War and emancipated the slaves; was assassinated by Booth (1809-1865)

From this reading “Much of Lincoln's success as a speaker was due to the fact that his hearers felt that they could trust him.”

mars noun US /mɑːrz/

a small reddish planet that is the 4th from the sun and is periodically visible to the naked eye; minerals rich in iron cover its surface and are responsible for its characteristic color

From this reading “In reading a man's books we may forget his character for the time, but in listening to an orator we have the man himself constantly before us, and he himself makes or mars his success.”

orator noun US /ˈɔːrətər/

a person who delivers a speech or oration

From this reading “In reading a man's books we may forget his character for the time, but in listening to an orator we have the man himself constantly before us, and he himself makes or mars his success.”

oratory noun US /ˈɔːrətɔːri/

addressing an audience formally (usually a long and rhetorical address and often pompous)

From this reading “This is simply a new application of the old principle that the chief qualification for success in oratory is character.”

qualification noun US /ˌkwɑːləfəˈkeɪʃən/

an attribute that must be met or complied with and that fits a person for something

From this reading “This is simply a new application of the old principle that the chief qualification for success in oratory is character.”

suits noun US /suːts/

plural of “suit” — a set of garments (usually including a jacket and trousers or skirt) for outerwear all of the same fabric and color

From this reading “He frequently refused to appear in suits because he could not put his heart into them, and he never defended a policy from mere party loyalty.”

All words in this reading · 79

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He frequently refused to appear in suits because he could not put his heart into them, and he never defended a policy from mere party loyalty.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading As lawyer and political speaker Lincoln always felt the necessity of believing in his case.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading In reading a man's books we may forget his character for the time, but in listening to an orator we have the man himself constantly before us, and he himself makes or mars his success.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading As lawyer and political speaker Lincoln always felt the necessity of believing in his case.

appearverbUS /əˈpɪr/

give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading He frequently refused to appear in suits because he could not put his heart into them, and he never defended a policy from mere party loyalty.

applicationnounUS /ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən/

the act of bringing something to bear; using it for a particular purpose

From this reading This is simply a new application of the old principle that the chief qualification for success in oratory is character.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As lawyer and political speaker Lincoln always felt the necessity of believing in his case.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading He frequently refused to appear in suits because he could not put his heart into them, and he never defended a policy from mere party loyalty.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading In reading a man's books we may forget his character for the time, but in listening to an orator we have the man himself constantly before us, and he himself makes or mars his success.

believingnounUS /bɪˈliːvɪŋ/

the cognitive process that leads to convictions

From this reading As lawyer and political speaker Lincoln always felt the necessity of believing in his case.

booksnounUS /bʊks/

Bound written or printed works.

From this reading In reading a man's books we may forget his character for the time, but in listening to an orator we have the man himself constantly before us, and he himself makes or mars his success.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading In reading a man's books we may forget his character for the time, but in listening to an orator we have the man himself constantly before us, and he himself makes or mars his success.

casenounUS /keɪs/

an occurrence of something

From this reading As lawyer and political speaker Lincoln always felt the necessity of believing in his case.

characternounUS /ˈkerɪktər/

an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading This is simply a new application of the old principle that the chief qualification for success in oratory is character.

chiefnounUS /tʃiːf/

a person who is in charge

From this reading This is simply a new application of the old principle that the chief qualification for success in oratory is character.

constantlyadverbUS /ˈkɑːnstəntli/

without variation or change, in every case

From this reading In reading a man's books we may forget his character for the time, but in listening to an orator we have the man himself constantly before us, and he himself makes or mars his success.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading He frequently refused to appear in suits because he could not put his heart into them, and he never defended a policy from mere party loyalty.

defendedverbUS /dɪˈfendəd/

past form of “defend” — argue or speak in defense of

From this reading He frequently refused to appear in suits because he could not put his heart into them, and he never defended a policy from mere party loyalty.

dueadjectiveUS /duː/

owed and payable immediately or on demand

From this reading Much of Lincoln's success as a speaker was due to the fact that his hearers felt that they could trust him.

factnounUS /fækt/

a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading Much of Lincoln's success as a speaker was due to the fact that his hearers felt that they could trust him.

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading As lawyer and political speaker Lincoln always felt the necessity of believing in his case.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading This is simply a new application of the old principle that the chief qualification for success in oratory is character.

forgetverbUS /fərˈɡet/

dismiss from the mind; stop remembering

From this reading In reading a man's books we may forget his character for the time, but in listening to an orator we have the man himself constantly before us, and he himself makes or mars his success.

frequentlyadverbUS /ˈfriːkwəntli/

many times at short intervals

From this reading He frequently refused to appear in suits because he could not put his heart into them, and he never defended a policy from mere party loyalty.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading He frequently refused to appear in suits because he could not put his heart into them, and he never defended a policy from mere party loyalty.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading In reading a man's books we may forget his character for the time, but in listening to an orator we have the man himself constantly before us, and he himself makes or mars his success.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He frequently refused to appear in suits because he could not put his heart into them, and he never defended a policy from mere party loyalty.

hearersnounUS /ˈhiːrərz/

plural of “hearer” — someone who listens attentively

From this reading Much of Lincoln's success as a speaker was due to the fact that his hearers felt that they could trust him.

heartnounUS /hɑːrt/

the locus of feelings and intuitions

From this reading He frequently refused to appear in suits because he could not put his heart into them, and he never defended a policy from mere party loyalty.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Much of Lincoln's success as a speaker was due to the fact that his hearers felt that they could trust him.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading In reading a man's books we may forget his character for the time, but in listening to an orator we have the man himself constantly before us, and he himself makes or mars his success.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading As lawyer and political speaker Lincoln always felt the necessity of believing in his case.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading As lawyer and political speaker Lincoln always felt the necessity of believing in his case.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading He frequently refused to appear in suits because he could not put his heart into them, and he never defended a policy from mere party loyalty.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This is simply a new application of the old principle that the chief qualification for success in oratory is character.

lawyernounUS /ˈlɔːjər/

a professional person authorized to practice law; conducts lawsuits or gives legal advice

From this reading As lawyer and political speaker Lincoln always felt the necessity of believing in his case.

LincolnnounUS /ˈlɪŋkən/

16th President of the United States; saved the Union during the American Civil War and emancipated the slaves; was assassinated by Booth (1809-1865)

From this reading As lawyer and political speaker Lincoln always felt the necessity of believing in his case.

Lincoln'snounUS /ˈlɪŋkənz/

possessive form of “lincoln” — 16th President of the United States; saved the Union during the American Civil War and emancipated the slaves; was assassinated by Booth (1809-1865)

From this reading Much of Lincoln's success as a speaker was due to the fact that his hearers felt that they could trust him.

listeningnounUS /ˈlɪsənɪŋ/

the act of hearing attentively

From this reading In reading a man's books we may forget his character for the time, but in listening to an orator we have the man himself constantly before us, and he himself makes or mars his success.

loyaltynounUS /ˈlɔɪəlti/

the quality of being loyal

From this reading He frequently refused to appear in suits because he could not put his heart into them, and he never defended a policy from mere party loyalty.

makesnounUS /meɪks/

plural of “make” — a recognizable kind

From this reading In reading a man's books we may forget his character for the time, but in listening to an orator we have the man himself constantly before us, and he himself makes or mars his success.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading In reading a man's books we may forget his character for the time, but in listening to an orator we have the man himself constantly before us, and he himself makes or mars his success.

man'snounUS /mænz/

possessive form of “man” — an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading In reading a man's books we may forget his character for the time, but in listening to an orator we have the man himself constantly before us, and he himself makes or mars his success.

marsnounUS /mɑːrz/

a small reddish planet that is the 4th from the sun and is periodically visible to the naked eye; minerals rich in iron cover its surface and are responsible for its characteristic color

From this reading In reading a man's books we may forget his character for the time, but in listening to an orator we have the man himself constantly before us, and he himself makes or mars his success.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading In reading a man's books we may forget his character for the time, but in listening to an orator we have the man himself constantly before us, and he himself makes or mars his success.

mereadjectiveUS /mɪr/

being nothing more than specified

From this reading He frequently refused to appear in suits because he could not put his heart into them, and he never defended a policy from mere party loyalty.

MuchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading Much of Lincoln's success as a speaker was due to the fact that his hearers felt that they could trust him.

necessitynounUS /nəˈsesəti/

the condition of being essential or indispensable

From this reading As lawyer and political speaker Lincoln always felt the necessity of believing in his case.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading He frequently refused to appear in suits because he could not put his heart into them, and he never defended a policy from mere party loyalty.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading This is simply a new application of the old principle that the chief qualification for success in oratory is character.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading He frequently refused to appear in suits because he could not put his heart into them, and he never defended a policy from mere party loyalty.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading As lawyer and political speaker Lincoln always felt the necessity of believing in his case.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading This is simply a new application of the old principle that the chief qualification for success in oratory is character.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading In reading a man's books we may forget his character for the time, but in listening to an orator we have the man himself constantly before us, and he himself makes or mars his success.

oratornounUS /ˈɔːrətər/

a person who delivers a speech or oration

From this reading In reading a man's books we may forget his character for the time, but in listening to an orator we have the man himself constantly before us, and he himself makes or mars his success.

oratorynounUS /ˈɔːrətɔːri/

addressing an audience formally (usually a long and rhetorical address and often pompous)

From this reading This is simply a new application of the old principle that the chief qualification for success in oratory is character.

partynounUS /ˈpɑːrti/

an organization to gain political power

From this reading He frequently refused to appear in suits because he could not put his heart into them, and he never defended a policy from mere party loyalty.

policynounUS /ˈpɑːləsi/

a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group

From this reading He frequently refused to appear in suits because he could not put his heart into them, and he never defended a policy from mere party loyalty.

politicaladjectiveUS /pəˈlɪtəkəl/

involving or characteristic of politics or parties or politicians

From this reading As lawyer and political speaker Lincoln always felt the necessity of believing in his case.

principlenounUS /ˈprɪnsəpəl/

a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct

From this reading This is simply a new application of the old principle that the chief qualification for success in oratory is character.

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading He frequently refused to appear in suits because he could not put his heart into them, and he never defended a policy from mere party loyalty.

qualificationnounUS /ˌkwɑːləfəˈkeɪʃən/

an attribute that must be met or complied with and that fits a person for something

From this reading This is simply a new application of the old principle that the chief qualification for success in oratory is character.

readingnounUS /ˈriːdɪŋ/

the cognitive process of understanding a written linguistic message

From this reading In reading a man's books we may forget his character for the time, but in listening to an orator we have the man himself constantly before us, and he himself makes or mars his success.

refusedverbUS /rəˈfjuːzd/

past form of “refuse” — show unwillingness towards

From this reading He frequently refused to appear in suits because he could not put his heart into them, and he never defended a policy from mere party loyalty.

simplyadverbUS /ˈsɪmpli/

and nothing more

From this reading This is simply a new application of the old principle that the chief qualification for success in oratory is character.

speakernounUS /ˈspiːkər/

someone who expresses in language; someone who talks (especially someone who delivers a public speech or someone especially garrulous)

From this reading As lawyer and political speaker Lincoln always felt the necessity of believing in his case.

successnounUS /səkˈses/

an event that accomplishes its intended purpose

From this reading Much of Lincoln's success as a speaker was due to the fact that his hearers felt that they could trust him.

suitsnounUS /suːts/

plural of “suit” — a set of garments (usually including a jacket and trousers or skirt) for outerwear all of the same fabric and color

From this reading He frequently refused to appear in suits because he could not put his heart into them, and he never defended a policy from mere party loyalty.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Much of Lincoln's success as a speaker was due to the fact that his hearers felt that they could trust him.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading As lawyer and political speaker Lincoln always felt the necessity of believing in his case.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading He frequently refused to appear in suits because he could not put his heart into them, and he never defended a policy from mere party loyalty.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Much of Lincoln's success as a speaker was due to the fact that his hearers felt that they could trust him.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This is simply a new application of the old principle that the chief qualification for success in oratory is character.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading In reading a man's books we may forget his character for the time, but in listening to an orator we have the man himself constantly before us, and he himself makes or mars his success.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading He frequently refused to appear in suits because he could not put his heart into them, and he never defended a policy from mere party loyalty.

trustnounUS /trʌst/

something (as property) held by one party (the trustee) for the benefit of another (the beneficiary)

From this reading Much of Lincoln's success as a speaker was due to the fact that his hearers felt that they could trust him.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading In reading a man's books we may forget his character for the time, but in listening to an orator we have the man himself constantly before us, and he himself makes or mars his success.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Much of Lincoln's success as a speaker was due to the fact that his hearers felt that they could trust him.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading In reading a man's books we may forget his character for the time, but in listening to an orator we have the man himself constantly before us, and he himself makes or mars his success.

Chapter 1 of Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters by Abraham Lincoln holds 470 sentences, grouped into 94 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters contain?

Chapter 1 holds 470 sentences of Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters, unabridged, divided into 94 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters by Abraham Lincoln exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 470 sentences, grouped into 94 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters?

Work through the 94 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 94 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters

Common questions about reading Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters by Abraham Lincoln on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters?

Yes. All 1912 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #14274 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #14274, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters take to read?

About 159 minutes of reading across 383 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters section by section

How to work through Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters

Words and structures a reader meets early in Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Daniel
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Kilham
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Dodge
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Longmans
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.