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Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters
Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters is here in full — 485 sentences across 97 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters
Context Illustration Reading 17/97 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
I do not mean to say that the scenes of the Revolution _are now_ or _ever will be_ entirely forgotten, but that, like everything else, they must fade upon the memory of the world, and grow more and more dim by the lapse of time.
In history, we hope, they will be read of, and recounted, so long as the Bible shall be read; but even granting that they will, their influence _cannot_ be what it heretofore has been.
Even then they _cannot_ be so universally known nor so vividly felt as they were by the generation just gone to rest.
At the close of that struggle, nearly every adult male had been a participator in some of its scenes.
The consequence was that of those scenes, in the form of a husband, a father, a son, or a brother, a _living history_ was to be found in every family--a history bearing the indubitable testimonies of its own authenticity, in the limbs mangled, in the scars of wounds received, in the midst of the very scenes related--a history, too, that could be read and understood alike by all, the wise and the ignorant, the learned and the unlearned.--But _those_ histories are gone.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters is here in full — 485 sentences across 97 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 17/97 · 5 reading units · Lines 81–85

Line 1
I do not mean to say that the scenes of the Revolution _are now_ or _ever will be_ entirely forgotten, but that, like everything else, they must fade upon the memory of the world, and grow more and more dim by the lapse of time.
Line 2
In history, we hope, they will be read of, and recounted, so long as the Bible shall be read; but even granting that they will, their influence _cannot_ be what it heretofore has been.
Line 3
Even then they _cannot_ be so universally known nor so vividly felt as they were by the generation just gone to rest.
Line 4
At the close of that struggle, nearly every adult male had been a participator in some of its scenes.
Line 5
The consequence was that of those scenes, in the form of a husband, a father, a son, or a brother, a _living history_ was to be found in every family--a history bearing the indubitable testimonies of its own authenticity, in the limbs mangled, in the scars of wounds received, in the midst of the very scenes related--a history, too, that could be read and understood alike by all, the wise and the ignorant, the learned and the unlearned.--But _those_ histories are gone.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

adult noun US /əˈdʌlt/

a fully developed person from maturity onward

From this reading “At the close of that struggle, nearly every adult male had been a participator in some of its scenes.”

authenticity noun US /ˌɔːθənˈtɪsɪti/

undisputed credibility

From this reading “The consequence was that of those scenes, in the form of a husband, a father, a son, or a brother, a _living history_ was to be found in every family--a history bearing the indubitable testimonies of its own authenticity, in the limbs mangled, in the scars of wounds received, in the midst of the very scenes related--a history, too, that could be read and understood alike by all, the wise and the ignorant, the learned and the unlearned.--But _those_ histories are gone.”

granting verb US /ˈɡræntɪŋ/

-ing form of “grant” — let have

From this reading “In history, we hope, they will be read of, and recounted, so long as the Bible shall be read; but even granting that they will, their influence _cannot_ be what it heretofore has been.”

histories noun US /ˈhɪstəriz/

plural of “history” — the aggregate of past events

From this reading “The consequence was that of those scenes, in the form of a husband, a father, a son, or a brother, a _living history_ was to be found in every family--a history bearing the indubitable testimonies of its own authenticity, in the limbs mangled, in the scars of wounds received, in the midst of the very scenes related--a history, too, that could be read and understood alike by all, the wise and the ignorant, the learned and the unlearned.--But _those_ histories are gone.”

mangled adjective US /ˈmæŋɡəld/

having edges that are jagged from injury

From this reading “The consequence was that of those scenes, in the form of a husband, a father, a son, or a brother, a _living history_ was to be found in every family--a history bearing the indubitable testimonies of its own authenticity, in the limbs mangled, in the scars of wounds received, in the midst of the very scenes related--a history, too, that could be read and understood alike by all, the wise and the ignorant, the learned and the unlearned.--But _those_ histories are gone.”

recounted verb US /rɪˈkaʊntɪd/

past form of “recount” — narrate or give a detailed account of

From this reading “In history, we hope, they will be read of, and recounted, so long as the Bible shall be read; but even granting that they will, their influence _cannot_ be what it heretofore has been.”

scars noun US /skɑːrz/

plural of “scar” — a mark left (usually on the skin) by the healing of injured tissue

From this reading “The consequence was that of those scenes, in the form of a husband, a father, a son, or a brother, a _living history_ was to be found in every family--a history bearing the indubitable testimonies of its own authenticity, in the limbs mangled, in the scars of wounds received, in the midst of the very scenes related--a history, too, that could be read and understood alike by all, the wise and the ignorant, the learned and the unlearned.--But _those_ histories are gone.”

testimonies noun US /ˈtestəmoʊniz/

plural of “testimony” — a solemn statement made under oath

From this reading “The consequence was that of those scenes, in the form of a husband, a father, a son, or a brother, a _living history_ was to be found in every family--a history bearing the indubitable testimonies of its own authenticity, in the limbs mangled, in the scars of wounds received, in the midst of the very scenes related--a history, too, that could be read and understood alike by all, the wise and the ignorant, the learned and the unlearned.--But _those_ histories are gone.”

All words in this reading · 114

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading At the close of that struggle, nearly every adult male had been a participator in some of its scenes.

adultnounUS /əˈdʌlt/

a fully developed person from maturity onward

From this reading At the close of that struggle, nearly every adult male had been a participator in some of its scenes.

alikeadverbUS /əˈlaɪk/

equally

From this reading The consequence was that of those scenes, in the form of a husband, a father, a son, or a brother, a _living history_ was to be found in every family--a history bearing the indubitable testimonies of its own authenticity, in the limbs mangled, in the scars of wounds received, in the midst of the very scenes related--a history, too, that could be read and understood alike by all, the wise and the ignorant, the learned and the unlearned.--But _those_ histories are gone.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The consequence was that of those scenes, in the form of a husband, a father, a son, or a brother, a _living history_ was to be found in every family--a history bearing the indubitable testimonies of its own authenticity, in the limbs mangled, in the scars of wounds received, in the midst of the very scenes related--a history, too, that could be read and understood alike by all, the wise and the ignorant, the learned and the unlearned.--But _those_ histories are gone.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading I do not mean to say that the scenes of the Revolution _are now_ or _ever will be_ entirely forgotten, but that, like everything else, they must fade upon the memory of the world, and grow more and more dim by the lapse of time.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading I do not mean to say that the scenes of the Revolution _are now_ or _ever will be_ entirely forgotten, but that, like everything else, they must fade upon the memory of the world, and grow more and more dim by the lapse of time.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading In history, we hope, they will be read of, and recounted, so long as the Bible shall be read; but even granting that they will, their influence _cannot_ be what it heretofore has been.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At the close of that struggle, nearly every adult male had been a participator in some of its scenes.

authenticitynounUS /ˌɔːθənˈtɪsɪti/

undisputed credibility

From this reading The consequence was that of those scenes, in the form of a husband, a father, a son, or a brother, a _living history_ was to be found in every family--a history bearing the indubitable testimonies of its own authenticity, in the limbs mangled, in the scars of wounds received, in the midst of the very scenes related--a history, too, that could be read and understood alike by all, the wise and the ignorant, the learned and the unlearned.--But _those_ histories are gone.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading I do not mean to say that the scenes of the Revolution _are now_ or _ever will be_ entirely forgotten, but that, like everything else, they must fade upon the memory of the world, and grow more and more dim by the lapse of time.

bearingnounUS /ˈberɪŋ/

relevant relation or interconnection

From this reading The consequence was that of those scenes, in the form of a husband, a father, a son, or a brother, a _living history_ was to be found in every family--a history bearing the indubitable testimonies of its own authenticity, in the limbs mangled, in the scars of wounds received, in the midst of the very scenes related--a history, too, that could be read and understood alike by all, the wise and the ignorant, the learned and the unlearned.--But _those_ histories are gone.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading In history, we hope, they will be read of, and recounted, so long as the Bible shall be read; but even granting that they will, their influence _cannot_ be what it heretofore has been.

BiblenounUS /ˈbaɪbəl/

the sacred writings of the Christian religions

From this reading In history, we hope, they will be read of, and recounted, so long as the Bible shall be read; but even granting that they will, their influence _cannot_ be what it heretofore has been.

brothernounUS /ˈbrʌðər/

a male with the same parents as someone else

From this reading The consequence was that of those scenes, in the form of a husband, a father, a son, or a brother, a _living history_ was to be found in every family--a history bearing the indubitable testimonies of its own authenticity, in the limbs mangled, in the scars of wounds received, in the midst of the very scenes related--a history, too, that could be read and understood alike by all, the wise and the ignorant, the learned and the unlearned.--But _those_ histories are gone.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading I do not mean to say that the scenes of the Revolution _are now_ or _ever will be_ entirely forgotten, but that, like everything else, they must fade upon the memory of the world, and grow more and more dim by the lapse of time.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading I do not mean to say that the scenes of the Revolution _are now_ or _ever will be_ entirely forgotten, but that, like everything else, they must fade upon the memory of the world, and grow more and more dim by the lapse of time.

cannot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In history, we hope, they will be read of, and recounted, so long as the Bible shall be read; but even granting that they will, their influence _cannot_ be what it heretofore has been.

closeadjectiveUS /kloʊs/

at or within a short distance in space or time or having elements near each other

From this reading At the close of that struggle, nearly every adult male had been a participator in some of its scenes.

consequencenounUS /ˈkɑːnsəkwəns/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading The consequence was that of those scenes, in the form of a husband, a father, a son, or a brother, a _living history_ was to be found in every family--a history bearing the indubitable testimonies of its own authenticity, in the limbs mangled, in the scars of wounds received, in the midst of the very scenes related--a history, too, that could be read and understood alike by all, the wise and the ignorant, the learned and the unlearned.--But _those_ histories are gone.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading The consequence was that of those scenes, in the form of a husband, a father, a son, or a brother, a _living history_ was to be found in every family--a history bearing the indubitable testimonies of its own authenticity, in the limbs mangled, in the scars of wounds received, in the midst of the very scenes related--a history, too, that could be read and understood alike by all, the wise and the ignorant, the learned and the unlearned.--But _those_ histories are gone.

dimadjectiveUS /dɪm/

lacking in light; not bright or harsh

From this reading I do not mean to say that the scenes of the Revolution _are now_ or _ever will be_ entirely forgotten, but that, like everything else, they must fade upon the memory of the world, and grow more and more dim by the lapse of time.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading I do not mean to say that the scenes of the Revolution _are now_ or _ever will be_ entirely forgotten, but that, like everything else, they must fade upon the memory of the world, and grow more and more dim by the lapse of time.

else

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I do not mean to say that the scenes of the Revolution _are now_ or _ever will be_ entirely forgotten, but that, like everything else, they must fade upon the memory of the world, and grow more and more dim by the lapse of time.

entirelyadverbUS /ɪnˈtaɪərli/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading I do not mean to say that the scenes of the Revolution _are now_ or _ever will be_ entirely forgotten, but that, like everything else, they must fade upon the memory of the world, and grow more and more dim by the lapse of time.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading In history, we hope, they will be read of, and recounted, so long as the Bible shall be read; but even granting that they will, their influence _cannot_ be what it heretofore has been.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading I do not mean to say that the scenes of the Revolution _are now_ or _ever will be_ entirely forgotten, but that, like everything else, they must fade upon the memory of the world, and grow more and more dim by the lapse of time.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading At the close of that struggle, nearly every adult male had been a participator in some of its scenes.

everythingpronounUS /ˈevriθɪŋ/

all things; all of a situation

From this reading I do not mean to say that the scenes of the Revolution _are now_ or _ever will be_ entirely forgotten, but that, like everything else, they must fade upon the memory of the world, and grow more and more dim by the lapse of time.

fadeverbUS /feɪd/

become less clearly visible or distinguishable; disappear gradually or seemingly

From this reading I do not mean to say that the scenes of the Revolution _are now_ or _ever will be_ entirely forgotten, but that, like everything else, they must fade upon the memory of the world, and grow more and more dim by the lapse of time.

familynounUS /ˈfæməli/

a social unit living together

From this reading The consequence was that of those scenes, in the form of a husband, a father, a son, or a brother, a _living history_ was to be found in every family--a history bearing the indubitable testimonies of its own authenticity, in the limbs mangled, in the scars of wounds received, in the midst of the very scenes related--a history, too, that could be read and understood alike by all, the wise and the ignorant, the learned and the unlearned.--But _those_ histories are gone.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading The consequence was that of those scenes, in the form of a husband, a father, a son, or a brother, a _living history_ was to be found in every family--a history bearing the indubitable testimonies of its own authenticity, in the limbs mangled, in the scars of wounds received, in the midst of the very scenes related--a history, too, that could be read and understood alike by all, the wise and the ignorant, the learned and the unlearned.--But _those_ histories are gone.

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading Even then they _cannot_ be so universally known nor so vividly felt as they were by the generation just gone to rest.

forgottenadjectiveUS /fərˈɡɑːt.n̩/

Not remembered; lapsed from memory.

From this reading I do not mean to say that the scenes of the Revolution _are now_ or _ever will be_ entirely forgotten, but that, like everything else, they must fade upon the memory of the world, and grow more and more dim by the lapse of time.

formnounUS /fɔːrm/

the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading The consequence was that of those scenes, in the form of a husband, a father, a son, or a brother, a _living history_ was to be found in every family--a history bearing the indubitable testimonies of its own authenticity, in the limbs mangled, in the scars of wounds received, in the midst of the very scenes related--a history, too, that could be read and understood alike by all, the wise and the ignorant, the learned and the unlearned.--But _those_ histories are gone.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading The consequence was that of those scenes, in the form of a husband, a father, a son, or a brother, a _living history_ was to be found in every family--a history bearing the indubitable testimonies of its own authenticity, in the limbs mangled, in the scars of wounds received, in the midst of the very scenes related--a history, too, that could be read and understood alike by all, the wise and the ignorant, the learned and the unlearned.--But _those_ histories are gone.

generationnounUS /ˌdʒenərˈeɪʃən/

all the people living at the same time or of approximately the same age

From this reading Even then they _cannot_ be so universally known nor so vividly felt as they were by the generation just gone to rest.

goneadjectiveUS /ɡɔːn/

destroyed or killed

From this reading Even then they _cannot_ be so universally known nor so vividly felt as they were by the generation just gone to rest.

grantingverbUS /ˈɡræntɪŋ/

-ing form of “grant” — let have

From this reading In history, we hope, they will be read of, and recounted, so long as the Bible shall be read; but even granting that they will, their influence _cannot_ be what it heretofore has been.

growverbUS /ɡroʊ/

pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become

From this reading I do not mean to say that the scenes of the Revolution _are now_ or _ever will be_ entirely forgotten, but that, like everything else, they must fade upon the memory of the world, and grow more and more dim by the lapse of time.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading At the close of that struggle, nearly every adult male had been a participator in some of its scenes.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading In history, we hope, they will be read of, and recounted, so long as the Bible shall be read; but even granting that they will, their influence _cannot_ be what it heretofore has been.

heretoforeadverbUS /ˌhɪrtəˈfɔːr/

used in negative statement to describe a situation that has existed up to this point or up to the present time

From this reading In history, we hope, they will be read of, and recounted, so long as the Bible shall be read; but even granting that they will, their influence _cannot_ be what it heretofore has been.

historiesnounUS /ˈhɪstəriz/

plural of “history” — the aggregate of past events

From this reading The consequence was that of those scenes, in the form of a husband, a father, a son, or a brother, a _living history_ was to be found in every family--a history bearing the indubitable testimonies of its own authenticity, in the limbs mangled, in the scars of wounds received, in the midst of the very scenes related--a history, too, that could be read and understood alike by all, the wise and the ignorant, the learned and the unlearned.--But _those_ histories are gone.

historynounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading In history, we hope, they will be read of, and recounted, so long as the Bible shall be read; but even granting that they will, their influence _cannot_ be what it heretofore has been.

hopenounUS /hoʊp/

a specific instance of feeling hopeful

From this reading In history, we hope, they will be read of, and recounted, so long as the Bible shall be read; but even granting that they will, their influence _cannot_ be what it heretofore has been.

husbandnounUS /ˈhʌzbənd/

a married man; a woman's partner in marriage

From this reading The consequence was that of those scenes, in the form of a husband, a father, a son, or a brother, a _living history_ was to be found in every family--a history bearing the indubitable testimonies of its own authenticity, in the limbs mangled, in the scars of wounds received, in the midst of the very scenes related--a history, too, that could be read and understood alike by all, the wise and the ignorant, the learned and the unlearned.--But _those_ histories are gone.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I do not mean to say that the scenes of the Revolution _are now_ or _ever will be_ entirely forgotten, but that, like everything else, they must fade upon the memory of the world, and grow more and more dim by the lapse of time.

ignorantadjectiveUS /ˈɪɡnərənt/

uneducated in general; lacking knowledge or sophistication

From this reading The consequence was that of those scenes, in the form of a husband, a father, a son, or a brother, a _living history_ was to be found in every family--a history bearing the indubitable testimonies of its own authenticity, in the limbs mangled, in the scars of wounds received, in the midst of the very scenes related--a history, too, that could be read and understood alike by all, the wise and the ignorant, the learned and the unlearned.--But _those_ histories are gone.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In history, we hope, they will be read of, and recounted, so long as the Bible shall be read; but even granting that they will, their influence _cannot_ be what it heretofore has been.

indubitableadjective

too obvious to be doubted

From this reading The consequence was that of those scenes, in the form of a husband, a father, a son, or a brother, a _living history_ was to be found in every family--a history bearing the indubitable testimonies of its own authenticity, in the limbs mangled, in the scars of wounds received, in the midst of the very scenes related--a history, too, that could be read and understood alike by all, the wise and the ignorant, the learned and the unlearned.--But _those_ histories are gone.

influencenounUS /ˈɪnfluːəns/

a power to affect persons or events especially power based on prestige etc

From this reading In history, we hope, they will be read of, and recounted, so long as the Bible shall be read; but even granting that they will, their influence _cannot_ be what it heretofore has been.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading In history, we hope, they will be read of, and recounted, so long as the Bible shall be read; but even granting that they will, their influence _cannot_ be what it heretofore has been.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading At the close of that struggle, nearly every adult male had been a participator in some of its scenes.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading Even then they _cannot_ be so universally known nor so vividly felt as they were by the generation just gone to rest.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading Even then they _cannot_ be so universally known nor so vividly felt as they were by the generation just gone to rest.

lapseverbUS /læps/

pass into a specified state or condition

From this reading I do not mean to say that the scenes of the Revolution _are now_ or _ever will be_ entirely forgotten, but that, like everything else, they must fade upon the memory of the world, and grow more and more dim by the lapse of time.

learnedadjectiveUS /lɜːrnd/

having or showing profound knowledge

From this reading The consequence was that of those scenes, in the form of a husband, a father, a son, or a brother, a _living history_ was to be found in every family--a history bearing the indubitable testimonies of its own authenticity, in the limbs mangled, in the scars of wounds received, in the midst of the very scenes related--a history, too, that could be read and understood alike by all, the wise and the ignorant, the learned and the unlearned.--But _those_ histories are gone.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading I do not mean to say that the scenes of the Revolution _are now_ or _ever will be_ entirely forgotten, but that, like everything else, they must fade upon the memory of the world, and grow more and more dim by the lapse of time.

limbsnounUS /lɪmz/

plural of “limb” — one of the jointed appendages of an animal used for locomotion or grasping: arm; leg; wing; flipper

From this reading The consequence was that of those scenes, in the form of a husband, a father, a son, or a brother, a _living history_ was to be found in every family--a history bearing the indubitable testimonies of its own authenticity, in the limbs mangled, in the scars of wounds received, in the midst of the very scenes related--a history, too, that could be read and understood alike by all, the wise and the ignorant, the learned and the unlearned.--But _those_ histories are gone.

livingnounUS /ˈlɪvɪŋ/

the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities

From this reading The consequence was that of those scenes, in the form of a husband, a father, a son, or a brother, a _living history_ was to be found in every family--a history bearing the indubitable testimonies of its own authenticity, in the limbs mangled, in the scars of wounds received, in the midst of the very scenes related--a history, too, that could be read and understood alike by all, the wise and the ignorant, the learned and the unlearned.--But _those_ histories are gone.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading In history, we hope, they will be read of, and recounted, so long as the Bible shall be read; but even granting that they will, their influence _cannot_ be what it heretofore has been.

malenounUS /meɪl/

an animal that produces gametes (spermatozoa) that can fertilize female gametes

From this reading At the close of that struggle, nearly every adult male had been a participator in some of its scenes.

mangledadjectiveUS /ˈmæŋɡəld/

having edges that are jagged from injury

From this reading The consequence was that of those scenes, in the form of a husband, a father, a son, or a brother, a _living history_ was to be found in every family--a history bearing the indubitable testimonies of its own authenticity, in the limbs mangled, in the scars of wounds received, in the midst of the very scenes related--a history, too, that could be read and understood alike by all, the wise and the ignorant, the learned and the unlearned.--But _those_ histories are gone.

meanverbUS /miːn/

mean or intend to express or convey

From this reading I do not mean to say that the scenes of the Revolution _are now_ or _ever will be_ entirely forgotten, but that, like everything else, they must fade upon the memory of the world, and grow more and more dim by the lapse of time.

memorynounUS /ˈmem.ər.i/

The faculty by which the mind stores and remembers information and knowledge.

From this reading I do not mean to say that the scenes of the Revolution _are now_ or _ever will be_ entirely forgotten, but that, like everything else, they must fade upon the memory of the world, and grow more and more dim by the lapse of time.

midstnounUS /mɪdst/

the location of something surrounded by other things

From this reading The consequence was that of those scenes, in the form of a husband, a father, a son, or a brother, a _living history_ was to be found in every family--a history bearing the indubitable testimonies of its own authenticity, in the limbs mangled, in the scars of wounds received, in the midst of the very scenes related--a history, too, that could be read and understood alike by all, the wise and the ignorant, the learned and the unlearned.--But _those_ histories are gone.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading I do not mean to say that the scenes of the Revolution _are now_ or _ever will be_ entirely forgotten, but that, like everything else, they must fade upon the memory of the world, and grow more and more dim by the lapse of time.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading I do not mean to say that the scenes of the Revolution _are now_ or _ever will be_ entirely forgotten, but that, like everything else, they must fade upon the memory of the world, and grow more and more dim by the lapse of time.

nearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading At the close of that struggle, nearly every adult male had been a participator in some of its scenes.

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading Even then they _cannot_ be so universally known nor so vividly felt as they were by the generation just gone to rest.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading I do not mean to say that the scenes of the Revolution _are now_ or _ever will be_ entirely forgotten, but that, like everything else, they must fade upon the memory of the world, and grow more and more dim by the lapse of time.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading I do not mean to say that the scenes of the Revolution _are now_ or _ever will be_ entirely forgotten, but that, like everything else, they must fade upon the memory of the world, and grow more and more dim by the lapse of time.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading I do not mean to say that the scenes of the Revolution _are now_ or _ever will be_ entirely forgotten, but that, like everything else, they must fade upon the memory of the world, and grow more and more dim by the lapse of time.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading I do not mean to say that the scenes of the Revolution _are now_ or _ever will be_ entirely forgotten, but that, like everything else, they must fade upon the memory of the world, and grow more and more dim by the lapse of time.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading The consequence was that of those scenes, in the form of a husband, a father, a son, or a brother, a _living history_ was to be found in every family--a history bearing the indubitable testimonies of its own authenticity, in the limbs mangled, in the scars of wounds received, in the midst of the very scenes related--a history, too, that could be read and understood alike by all, the wise and the ignorant, the learned and the unlearned.--But _those_ histories are gone.

participator

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At the close of that struggle, nearly every adult male had been a participator in some of its scenes.

readverbUS /red/

interpret something that is written or printed

From this reading In history, we hope, they will be read of, and recounted, so long as the Bible shall be read; but even granting that they will, their influence _cannot_ be what it heretofore has been.

receivedadjectiveUS /rəˈsiːvd/

conforming to the established language usage of educated native speakers

From this reading The consequence was that of those scenes, in the form of a husband, a father, a son, or a brother, a _living history_ was to be found in every family--a history bearing the indubitable testimonies of its own authenticity, in the limbs mangled, in the scars of wounds received, in the midst of the very scenes related--a history, too, that could be read and understood alike by all, the wise and the ignorant, the learned and the unlearned.--But _those_ histories are gone.

recountedverbUS /rɪˈkaʊntɪd/

past form of “recount” — narrate or give a detailed account of

From this reading In history, we hope, they will be read of, and recounted, so long as the Bible shall be read; but even granting that they will, their influence _cannot_ be what it heretofore has been.

relatedadjectiveUS /rɪˈleɪtɪd/

being connected either logically or causally or by shared characteristics

From this reading The consequence was that of those scenes, in the form of a husband, a father, a son, or a brother, a _living history_ was to be found in every family--a history bearing the indubitable testimonies of its own authenticity, in the limbs mangled, in the scars of wounds received, in the midst of the very scenes related--a history, too, that could be read and understood alike by all, the wise and the ignorant, the learned and the unlearned.--But _those_ histories are gone.

restverbUS /rest/

not move; be in a resting position

From this reading Even then they _cannot_ be so universally known nor so vividly felt as they were by the generation just gone to rest.

RevolutionnounUS /ˌrevəˈluːʃən/

a drastic and far-reaching change in ways of thinking and behaving

From this reading I do not mean to say that the scenes of the Revolution _are now_ or _ever will be_ entirely forgotten, but that, like everything else, they must fade upon the memory of the world, and grow more and more dim by the lapse of time.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading I do not mean to say that the scenes of the Revolution _are now_ or _ever will be_ entirely forgotten, but that, like everything else, they must fade upon the memory of the world, and grow more and more dim by the lapse of time.

scarsnounUS /skɑːrz/

plural of “scar” — a mark left (usually on the skin) by the healing of injured tissue

From this reading The consequence was that of those scenes, in the form of a husband, a father, a son, or a brother, a _living history_ was to be found in every family--a history bearing the indubitable testimonies of its own authenticity, in the limbs mangled, in the scars of wounds received, in the midst of the very scenes related--a history, too, that could be read and understood alike by all, the wise and the ignorant, the learned and the unlearned.--But _those_ histories are gone.

scenesnounUS /siːnz/

plural of “scene” — the place where some action occurs

From this reading I do not mean to say that the scenes of the Revolution _are now_ or _ever will be_ entirely forgotten, but that, like everything else, they must fade upon the memory of the world, and grow more and more dim by the lapse of time.

shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading In history, we hope, they will be read of, and recounted, so long as the Bible shall be read; but even granting that they will, their influence _cannot_ be what it heretofore has been.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading In history, we hope, they will be read of, and recounted, so long as the Bible shall be read; but even granting that they will, their influence _cannot_ be what it heretofore has been.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading At the close of that struggle, nearly every adult male had been a participator in some of its scenes.

sonnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading The consequence was that of those scenes, in the form of a husband, a father, a son, or a brother, a _living history_ was to be found in every family--a history bearing the indubitable testimonies of its own authenticity, in the limbs mangled, in the scars of wounds received, in the midst of the very scenes related--a history, too, that could be read and understood alike by all, the wise and the ignorant, the learned and the unlearned.--But _those_ histories are gone.

struggleverbUS /ˈstrʌɡəl/

make a strenuous or labored effort

From this reading At the close of that struggle, nearly every adult male had been a participator in some of its scenes.

testimoniesnounUS /ˈtestəmoʊniz/

plural of “testimony” — a solemn statement made under oath

From this reading The consequence was that of those scenes, in the form of a husband, a father, a son, or a brother, a _living history_ was to be found in every family--a history bearing the indubitable testimonies of its own authenticity, in the limbs mangled, in the scars of wounds received, in the midst of the very scenes related--a history, too, that could be read and understood alike by all, the wise and the ignorant, the learned and the unlearned.--But _those_ histories are gone.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading I do not mean to say that the scenes of the Revolution _are now_ or _ever will be_ entirely forgotten, but that, like everything else, they must fade upon the memory of the world, and grow more and more dim by the lapse of time.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading I do not mean to say that the scenes of the Revolution _are now_ or _ever will be_ entirely forgotten, but that, like everything else, they must fade upon the memory of the world, and grow more and more dim by the lapse of time.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading In history, we hope, they will be read of, and recounted, so long as the Bible shall be read; but even granting that they will, their influence _cannot_ be what it heretofore has been.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Even then they _cannot_ be so universally known nor so vividly felt as they were by the generation just gone to rest.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading I do not mean to say that the scenes of the Revolution _are now_ or _ever will be_ entirely forgotten, but that, like everything else, they must fade upon the memory of the world, and grow more and more dim by the lapse of time.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading The consequence was that of those scenes, in the form of a husband, a father, a son, or a brother, a _living history_ was to be found in every family--a history bearing the indubitable testimonies of its own authenticity, in the limbs mangled, in the scars of wounds received, in the midst of the very scenes related--a history, too, that could be read and understood alike by all, the wise and the ignorant, the learned and the unlearned.--But _those_ histories are gone.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading I do not mean to say that the scenes of the Revolution _are now_ or _ever will be_ entirely forgotten, but that, like everything else, they must fade upon the memory of the world, and grow more and more dim by the lapse of time.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading I do not mean to say that the scenes of the Revolution _are now_ or _ever will be_ entirely forgotten, but that, like everything else, they must fade upon the memory of the world, and grow more and more dim by the lapse of time.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading The consequence was that of those scenes, in the form of a husband, a father, a son, or a brother, a _living history_ was to be found in every family--a history bearing the indubitable testimonies of its own authenticity, in the limbs mangled, in the scars of wounds received, in the midst of the very scenes related--a history, too, that could be read and understood alike by all, the wise and the ignorant, the learned and the unlearned.--But _those_ histories are gone.

understoodadjectiveUS /ˌʌndərˈstʊd/

fully apprehended as to purport or meaning or explanation

From this reading The consequence was that of those scenes, in the form of a husband, a father, a son, or a brother, a _living history_ was to be found in every family--a history bearing the indubitable testimonies of its own authenticity, in the limbs mangled, in the scars of wounds received, in the midst of the very scenes related--a history, too, that could be read and understood alike by all, the wise and the ignorant, the learned and the unlearned.--But _those_ histories are gone.

universallyadverbUS /ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsəli/

everywhere

From this reading Even then they _cannot_ be so universally known nor so vividly felt as they were by the generation just gone to rest.

unlearnedadjective

not established by conditioning or learning

From this reading The consequence was that of those scenes, in the form of a husband, a father, a son, or a brother, a _living history_ was to be found in every family--a history bearing the indubitable testimonies of its own authenticity, in the limbs mangled, in the scars of wounds received, in the midst of the very scenes related--a history, too, that could be read and understood alike by all, the wise and the ignorant, the learned and the unlearned.--But _those_ histories are gone.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading I do not mean to say that the scenes of the Revolution _are now_ or _ever will be_ entirely forgotten, but that, like everything else, they must fade upon the memory of the world, and grow more and more dim by the lapse of time.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading The consequence was that of those scenes, in the form of a husband, a father, a son, or a brother, a _living history_ was to be found in every family--a history bearing the indubitable testimonies of its own authenticity, in the limbs mangled, in the scars of wounds received, in the midst of the very scenes related--a history, too, that could be read and understood alike by all, the wise and the ignorant, the learned and the unlearned.--But _those_ histories are gone.

vividlyadverbUS /ˈvɪvədli/

in a vivid manner

From this reading Even then they _cannot_ be so universally known nor so vividly felt as they were by the generation just gone to rest.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The consequence was that of those scenes, in the form of a husband, a father, a son, or a brother, a _living history_ was to be found in every family--a history bearing the indubitable testimonies of its own authenticity, in the limbs mangled, in the scars of wounds received, in the midst of the very scenes related--a history, too, that could be read and understood alike by all, the wise and the ignorant, the learned and the unlearned.--But _those_ histories are gone.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading In history, we hope, they will be read of, and recounted, so long as the Bible shall be read; but even granting that they will, their influence _cannot_ be what it heretofore has been.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Even then they _cannot_ be so universally known nor so vividly felt as they were by the generation just gone to rest.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading In history, we hope, they will be read of, and recounted, so long as the Bible shall be read; but even granting that they will, their influence _cannot_ be what it heretofore has been.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading I do not mean to say that the scenes of the Revolution _are now_ or _ever will be_ entirely forgotten, but that, like everything else, they must fade upon the memory of the world, and grow more and more dim by the lapse of time.

wiseadjectiveUS /waɪz/

having or prompted by wisdom or discernment

From this reading The consequence was that of those scenes, in the form of a husband, a father, a son, or a brother, a _living history_ was to be found in every family--a history bearing the indubitable testimonies of its own authenticity, in the limbs mangled, in the scars of wounds received, in the midst of the very scenes related--a history, too, that could be read and understood alike by all, the wise and the ignorant, the learned and the unlearned.--But _those_ histories are gone.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading I do not mean to say that the scenes of the Revolution _are now_ or _ever will be_ entirely forgotten, but that, like everything else, they must fade upon the memory of the world, and grow more and more dim by the lapse of time.

woundsnounUS /wuːndz/

plural of “wound” — an injury to living tissue (especially an injury involving a cut or break in the skin)

From this reading The consequence was that of those scenes, in the form of a husband, a father, a son, or a brother, a _living history_ was to be found in every family--a history bearing the indubitable testimonies of its own authenticity, in the limbs mangled, in the scars of wounds received, in the midst of the very scenes related--a history, too, that could be read and understood alike by all, the wise and the ignorant, the learned and the unlearned.--But _those_ histories are gone.

Chapter 2 of Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters by Abraham Lincoln holds 485 sentences, grouped into 97 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters contain?

Chapter 2 holds 485 sentences of Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters, unabridged, divided into 97 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters by Abraham Lincoln exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 485 sentences, grouped into 97 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters?

Work through the 97 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 97 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters

Common questions about reading Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters by Abraham Lincoln on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters?

Yes. All 1912 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #14274 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #14274, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters take to read?

About 159 minutes of reading across 383 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters section by section

How to work through Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters

Words and structures a reader meets early in Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Daniel
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Kilham
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Dodge
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Longmans
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Lincoln's Inaugurals, Addresses and Letters; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.